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Investigating The Effects Of Subtle Ratee Characteristics In Team Performance Appraisal: The Influence Of Personality And Cohesiveness, Jonathan Quinn Schroeder

Psychology Theses & Dissertations

This study extends the research into systematic bias in performance appraisal to include subtle (i.e., not overtly demographic) ratee characteristics. Specifically examined were the biasing effects of personality and group cohesiveness on performance ratings. It was hypothesized that raters' personality inferences regarding ratees' levels of agreeableness and conscientiousness would correlate with bias in performance ratings. Interpersonal group cohesiveness was also hypothesized to affect rating accuracy. Research participants (n = 90) rated the performance of two videotaped leaderless group discussions. Personality inferences correlated strongly with leniency in performance ratings. In addition, significant differences in accuracy were found between the more and …

The Influence Of Personality Cultural Values Social Support And Pre-Departure Training On Adjustment And Performance On International Students, Amy A. Fitzgibbons

Psychology Theses & Dissertations

The present study addressed the impact of individual differences, situation characteristics, and pre-departure training on adjustment and performance among international students. Newly arrived foreign students were assessed during their first semester in an American university. Culture novelty, social support, neuroticism, and pre-departure training were significant predictors of adjustment. Additional findings included improved adjustment by those foreigners who spent more time speaking the host language and interacting with host nationals. Cultural distance was found to be a significant predictor of performance. Implications for future research are discussed.

Does Personality Indicate A Proclivity Toward Negative Job Behaviors?, Victoria Leigh Cole

Psychology Theses & Dissertations

This study endeavored to show that negative job behaviors can be predicted from measures of personality. It was hypothesized that the measures of extroversion and neuroticism would be positively correlated with negative job behaviors. It was further hypothesized that the measures of agreeableness and conscientiousness would be negatively correlated with negative job behaviors. Participants responded to anonymous surveys. These surveys consisted of measures of personality, job behaviors and attitudes, a social desirability scale, and demographic questions. It was found that agreeableness and conscientiousness were both negatively related to negative job behaviors and that neuroticism was positively related to some negative …

Trends. Mexico, Illicit Drugs, And Psychological Assessment: Reliability And Validity As Pipe Dreams, Ibpp Editor

International Bulletin of Political Psychology

The author discusses top-level and elite law enforcement and criminal justice officials in Mexico seem to have been cooperating with illicit drug-trafficking organizations and the support that they get from the United States.

Original Sin And The Power Of Narrative In Intelligence Operations, Ibpp Editor

International Bulletin of Political Psychology

This article illustrates how the intent of a political community to demand sinless behavior in its leaders can sow the seeds for that community's demise.

Psychological Research On Violent Behavior: Some Ongoing Problems, Ibpp Editor

International Bulletin of Political Psychology

This article highlights some significant problems with state-of-the art psychological research on violent behavior. As an example of such research, a recent symposium led by John Monahan, PhD, Dougherty Professor of Law, Goldsmith Research Professor, and Professor of Psychology and Legal Medicine, School of Law, University of Virginia, is critiqued by IBPP.

Trends. The Crash Of Swissair Flight 111: Amidst The Tragedy, The Virtue Of Virtual Realities, Ibpp Editor

International Bulletin of Political Psychology

The author discusses the development of a virtual community: a community of relatives of victims of air fatalities throughout the world, a community whose members rarely meet that occurs after an air tragedy.

Sexual Seduction, Illicit Sex, And Licit Sex: International And National Leaders As Targets Of Intelligence Operations, Ibpp Editor

International Bulletin of Political Psychology

This article describes the varied consequences that could be achieved by a hostile intelligence service through effecting the sexual seduction of an international or national leader or through exploiting ongoing illicit or licit sex engaged in by that leader.

Moral Assessment Of Individuals In Idealistic Enterprises: An Example From Clandestine Weapons Research And Counterterrorism (Part Ii), Ibpp Editor

International Bulletin of Political Psychology

This is the second and final installment of an article based on a presentation, "Moral Assessment of Individuals in Idealistic Enterprises," by Ms. Jean Maria Arrigo at the 1998 Annual Convention of the American Psychological Association, San Francisco, California. In the first installment (September 4, 1998, IBPP, 5(10)), Ms. Arrigo explored the principles of competitive evolution and operationalization as they might morally and ethically impact on nuclear weapons-related research and on counterterrorist response to nuclear and biological terrorist attack. In the present installment (with very minor editing by IBPP), Ms. Arrigo continues exploring operationalization and then concludes with an analysis …

The Clash Of Civilizations In The 21st Century: A Political Psychology Of Messianics, Charismatics, And Schismatics, Ibpp Editor

International Bulletin of Political Psychology

This article describes psychological Issues that may contribute to or mitigate against ongoing and intense political violence between Islamic political entities and those typed as Judeo-Christian.

Trends. National Security Policy And Toleration For Ambiguity: Israel, Northern Ireland, North Korea, And The World, Ibpp Editor

International Bulletin of Political Psychology

The author discusses one of many dichotomies comprising the development, implementation, and evaluation of security policies that is between clarity and ambiguity.

Trends. Sharing Data On Missile Launches: A New Version Of An Old Idea, Ibpp Editor

International Bulletin of Political Psychology

In this article, the author discusses the agreement that was announced, the United States and Russia, to quickly share data about the launch of ballistic missiles and space payloads.

Moral Assessment Of Individuals In Idealistic Enterprises: Clandestine Research In Weapons Development, Ibpp Editor

International Bulletin of Political Psychology

This article continues the IBPP series of research presented at the 1998 Annual Convention of the American Psychological Association, August 14 - 18, 1997, San Francisco, CA. The article comprises the presentation "Moral Assessment of Individuals in Idealistic Institutional Enterprises" made by Jean Maria Arrigo. Ms. Arrigo is finishing up her PhD work in social psychology at the School of Behavioral and Organizational Sciences, Claremont Graduate University, Claremont, CA. Her dissertation, "Moral and Epistemological Dilemmas of Clandestine Scientific Research" includes a 200-page "Primer of the Epistemology of Intelligence for Scientists and Philosophers." She has also published articles on the false …

Strategic Vision For International Security Affairs: Sine Qua Non, Anon, Or Non?, Ibpp Editor

International Bulletin of Political Psychology

This article explores some of the weaknesses in the common assumption that a strategic vision is necessary in identifying and managing international security threats and opportunities.

Public Participation In Resolving Environmental Disputes And The Problem Of Representativeness, Peter T. Allen

RISK: Health, Safety & Environment (1990-2002)

Dr. Allen, the symposium organizer, reviews recent .efforts to increase public involvement in environmental disputes.

Reassessing Public Meetings As Participation In Risk Management Decisions, Katherine A. Mccomas, Clifford W. Scherer

RISK: Health, Safety & Environment (1990-2002)

Using a U.S. case study, Ms. McComas and Dr. Scherer discuss how reliance on public meetings as tools for risk communication in public policy decisions affects relationships between stakeholders and risk managers.

Three Variations On A Theme: The Power Of Pure Empathy, Jeffrey A. Kottler, Marilyn J. Montgomery, Aretha Faye Marbley

Faculty Publications - Graduate School of Counseling

With the counseling profession’s increased emphasis on developing brief therapies, applying innovative techniques, and measuring outcomes, helping someone feel understood is sometimes neglected. Three narratives by humanistic practitioners illustrate the value of pure empathy in our work with clients, students, and others in our diverse communities.

An Experimental Analysis Of The Effects Of Two Types Of Interpretation In The Context Of An Acceptance-Based Psychotherapy, Lucianne Hackbert

Psychology ETDs

While many psychotherapists can agree that interpretive statements are an important aspect of the psychotherapeutic process, there are many divergent ideas about what constitutes a good interpretation and why making interpretations is thought to be an effective therapeutic strategy. Efforts to demonstrate the features and characteristics of successful interpretations have not been conclusive. Recent efforts to empirically demonstrate the immediate effects of interpretation have produced results that suggest that these effects differ significantly across individuals. While interpretation has been included as a component within a variety of treatments with demonstrated efficacy, the question of how interpretation relates to outcome remains …

Two Matriarchs Speak, Robert H.I. Dale

Scholarship and Professional Work - LAS

Book review for the following titles:

Elephants. By Joyce Poole, Stillwater, MN: Voyageur Press, 1997, 72 pages. $14.95 softcover

Silent Thunder: In the Presence of Elephants. By Katharine Payne, New York: Simon & Schuster, 1998, 286 pages. $25.00 hardcover

Contributors: Vol 21 No. 3, The Jonathan Nāpela Center For Hawaiian And Pacific Islands Studies

Pacific Studies

Contributors list of Vol. 21 (1998): Pacific Studies Full Issue 3

Vol. 21 No. 3 (1998): Pacific Studies Full Issue, The Jonathan Nāpela Center For Hawaiian And Pacific Islands Studies

Pacific Studies

Pacific Studies is published two times a year by The Jonathan Nāpela Center for Hawaiian and Pacific Studies, Brigham Young University Hawai‘i #1979, 55–220 Kulanui Street, Lāʻie, Hawai‘i 96762, but responsibility for opinions expressed in the articles rests with the authors alone. Subscription rate is US$40.00 yearly, payable to The Jonathan Nāpela Center for Hawaiian and Pacific Studies. The Jonathan Nāpela Center for Hawaiian and Pacific Studies (formerly The Pacific Institute) is an organization funded by Brigham Young University Hawai‘i. The Center assists the University in meeting its cultural and educational goals by undertaking a program of teaching, research, and …

Condensing The Field: Internet Communication And Gestalt Community, Philip Brownell

Doctor of Psychology (PsyD)

This article examines the influence of internet communication on the Gestalt community from the standpoint of the field. Drawing on current internet sources, field theorists, and Gestalt therapists, the work describes the internet. explaining key field dynamics, and it concludes that the global community of Gestalt therapy is undergoing rapid change due to internet influence. That community is being enriched; it is becoming more aware of itself, and consequently its individual members are experiencing a professional camaraderie made more complex and more richly connected. At the same time, because of this increasing connectedness, it is also condensing. lnternet communication is …

Working Wrongly And Seeking The Straight: Remedial Remedies On Enewetak Atoll, Laurence Marshall Carucci

Pacific Studies

Classical approaches to righting wrongs among Pacific societies have been couched in terms of normative models of authority, and particularly in relation to societies with positions of ascribed authority, chiefs, and those with acquired authority like Melanesian center persons (“big-men”). In this article, I contend that typological approaches to the analysis of perceived wrongdoing are of limited utility in the assessment of how wrongdoing is culturally fashioned and socially redressed. Instead, I suggest that constructions of wrongdoing are culturally relative. Moreover, ideas and feelings about just and unjust action within the community are also relative and depend upon varied logical …

The Demographic And Behavioral Patterns Of Visitors To The Usaf Museum, Charlene V. Purtee

Theses and Dissertations

The United States Air Force Museum, located at Wright Patterson AFB, Ohio, provides an overview of the Air Force's aviation history, free to the public. In 1996, the Foundation, a non-profit organization that provides financial support for the display of the aviation memorabilia, attempted to determine the demographic representation of the Foundation membership. In their analysis the Foundation found that the membership represented only a small portion of the actual population that visited the Museum annually. In 1997, a second survey was accomplished to establish a cursory demographic breakout and answer a variety of questions from the visitors at the …

Military Members Responses To Sexually Harassing Behavior: Response Types And Efficacies, Michael W. Braucher

Theses and Dissertations

This thesis uses four sexual harassment response constructs and evaluates the efficacy of the responses. The constructs are built based on individual or joint/collaboratory responses and whether or not the harasser is confronted with his or her behavior(s) perceived as harassing by the victim. The constructs are applied to the 1995 Department of Defense survey of Harassment. Results include each response's effect on the harassing behavior, whether the behavior is ceased or not. A second result is the victim's perception of improvement or worsening of the situation based on the response type used. Tests for proportional differences were used to …

Public Perception Of Risk Management In Environmental Controversies: A U.K. Case Study, Maria Simosi, Peter T. Allen

RISK: Health, Safety & Environment (1990-2002)

Drs. Simosi and Allen focus on issues arising from an environmental dispute in the U.K. Their case study findings are discussed in the context of existing environmental decision-making procedures in the U.K.

The Factors That Motivated American Ground Forces To Fight During Combat In Vietnam, William A. Schum

Theses and Dissertations

Many people debate the policies of the United States government with respect to the conduct of the Vietnam War. The war was unpopular, at best, and many argued that our military should not have fought for South Vietnam. So, what compelled American ground forces to fight an atypical enemy? This thesis explores the motivational factors that influenced the military ground forces on a daily basis. Past research conducted on previous wars serves as the guideline for the methodology used. Combat narratives are the data sources and references to motivational factors by the authors are the data. As a whole, the …

Efficacy Of Psychoeducational Group Therapy In Reducing Symptoms Of Posttraumatic Stress Disorder Among Multiply Traumatized Women, Hadar Lubin, Michelle Loris, John Burt, David Read Johnson

Psychology Faculty Publications

Objective: The role of group therapy in treatment of posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) has been traditionally restricted to issues of self-esteem and interpersonal relationships, rather than primary symptoms of the disorder. In this study, the authors examined the effectiveness of a 16-week trauma-focused, cognitive-behavioral group therapy, named Interactive Psychoeducational Group Therapy, in reducing primary symptoms of PTSD in five groups (N=29) of multiply traumatized women diagnosed with chronic PTSD. Method: The authors made assessments at baseline, at 1-month intervals during treatment, at termination, and at 6-month follow-up by using self-report and structured interview measures of PTSD and psychiatric symptoms. The …

Trends. Kosovo And The United Nations: A Paean For Application Of Psychological Research On Good Samaritanism, Ibpp Editor

International Bulletin of Political Psychology

This article discusses the International Criminal Tribunal for the former Yugoslavia that is beginning to employ a team of investigators, lawyers, and analysts who may--ultimately--identify, prosecute, and deter war crimes in Kosovo, observers might wonder what's taking so long and why the United Nations hasn't focused more emphatically on the Serbian military, paramilitary, and police attacks on ethnic Albanian civilians in recent weeks. Answers might include difficulties in identifying the behavioral referents of war crime, fears that more determined intervention might deleteriously affect humanitarian aid to the many internal refugees, fears that humanitarian aid personnel might be further intimidated and …

Postmodernism And Narrative Truth: Philosophical Implications Of Interrogation Research, Ibpp Editor

International Bulletin of Political Psychology

This article continues a series describing research presentations from the 1998 Annual Convention of the American Psychological Association. In the article, a presentation on interrogation research by John C. Yuille of the University of British Columbia, Canada, is explicated for its relevance to postmodernist notions of truth.