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Articles 31 - 36 of 36
Full-Text Articles in Biostatistics
New Matching Algorithm-- : Outlier First Matching (Ofm) And Its Performance On Propensity Score Analysis (Psa) Under New Stepwise Matching Framework (Smf), Yi Sun
Legacy Theses & Dissertations (2009 - 2024)
An observational study is an empirical investigation of treatment effect when randomized experimentation is not ethical or feasible (Rosenbaum 2009). Observational studies are common in real life due to the following reasons: a) randomization is not feasible due to the ethical or financial reason; b) data are collected from survey or other resources where the object and design of the study has not been determined (e.g. retrospective study using administrative records); c) little knowledge on the given region so that some preliminary studies of observational data are conducted to formulate hypotheses to be tested in subsequent experiments. When statistical analysis …
Non-Likelihood Based Model Evaluation And Comparison With Application To Genetic And Clinical Hiv-1 Outcomes, Ashley Elise Giambrone
Non-Likelihood Based Model Evaluation And Comparison With Application To Genetic And Clinical Hiv-1 Outcomes, Ashley Elise Giambrone
Legacy Theses & Dissertations (2009 - 2024)
Although treatment for human immunodeficiency virus type-1 (HIV-1) has undergone drastic change and morbidity and mortality has decreased over time, the development of drug-resistant HIV-1 is of concern for the long-term antiretroviral treatment of infected individuals. Drug-resistant virus is known to manifest with potentially complex mutational patterns in the HIV-1 genotype sequence and is associated with decreased response to therapy. Resistance occurs either as a result of development of mutations in the viral genome under selective drug pressure or as a result of naturally occurring polymorphisms. The most effective treatment methods are still debated at this time; however, current treatment …
Augmenting Program Data With Secondary Data Sources To Improve The Quality Of Existing Statistics : Four Examples From The New York State Department Of Health Hospital-Acquired Infection Reporting Program, Valerie Benson Haley
Legacy Theses & Dissertations (2009 - 2024)
The objective of this dissertation is to illustrate the novel application of methods that can be used to improve the accuracy of hospital-acquired infection (HAI) rates. Public reporting of HAI rates is relatively new. New York was one of the first states to mandate reporting in acute care hospitals (2007), followed by national pay-for-reporting in 2011, and national value-based purchasing in 2013. Given the financial ramifications of public reporting, it is critical that the data are validated and adjusted for differences in underlying risk among patient populations so that hospital performance can be fairly compared. However, limited information on the …
Flexible Variable And Model Selection With Ordinal Categorical Responses And Multiple Covariates, Wan-Hsiang Hsu
Flexible Variable And Model Selection With Ordinal Categorical Responses And Multiple Covariates, Wan-Hsiang Hsu
Legacy Theses & Dissertations (2009 - 2024)
Ordered categorical responses are common in many applied studies; moreover, with the rapid growth of computational power and technologies, ultrahigh dimensional data becomes very widespread. For example, there could be ten thousands of dimensions in a gene expression data and of interest is to classify the disease stage with specific genes and predict a clinical prognosis by using these specific genes. However, there are some unique challenges, including (1) the curse of dimensionality and (2) the modeling strategy for allowing dynamic covariate effects. Thus, variable selection for mining ultrahigh dimensional data and flexible modeling strategy for allowing dynamic covariate effects …
Association Between Chemical Constituents Of Particulate Matter And Cardiovascular And Respiratory Morbidities In Nys, Rena Jones
Legacy Theses & Dissertations (2009 - 2024)
Improved understanding of health risks from short- and long-term exposure to fine particulate matter (PM2.5) constituents may explain seasonal and geographic heterogeneity in PM2.5-health associations and inform control efforts targeting PM sources. Few studies have examined PM species health effects; most have been limited by their exposure assessments and modeling approaches. The goals of this project were to improve the PM exposure assessment and explore relationships between PM2.5 species and health in acute and chronic contexts.
Variance-Mean Relationships To Analyze Large Survey Data With Application To Health Expenditure Data, Wenli Luo
Variance-Mean Relationships To Analyze Large Survey Data With Application To Health Expenditure Data, Wenli Luo
Legacy Theses & Dissertations (2009 - 2024)
A great deal of work has been done in cost analysis in the last several decades. However, relatively little has been done to learn how efficiently to address the relationship between the variance and mean of the response distribution and how this will affect the choice of an appropriate generalized linear model.