Biostatistics Commons^™

Knowledge And Behavior Change Of People Living With Hiv Through Nutrition Education And Counseling, Fitri Hudayani, Ratu Ayu Dewi Sartika

Kesmas

HIV, AIDS, dan gizi saling berhubungan. Pada Unit Pelayanan Terpadu HIV Rumah Sakit Umum Pusat Nasional Dr. Cipto Mangunkusumo, layanan edukasi dan konseling gizi disediakan secara kolaboratif untuk orang yang hidup dengan HIV. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui pengaruh pendidikan dan konseling gizi terhadap pengetahuan dan perilaku orang yang hidup dengan HIV. Penelitian ini dilakukan dengan desain kuasi eksperimental menggunakan kelompok perlakuan dan kontrol. Kelompok perlakuan terdiri dari 25 sampel dan 29 sampel untuk kelompok kontrol, dilakukan sebelum dan setelah perlakuan. Sampel berusia dewasa antara 18 – 50 tahun dipilih dengan menerapkan kriteria inklusi dan eksklusi. Sampel uji-t berpasangan digunakan …

Influence Of Household Environment And Maternal Behaviors To Upper Respiratory Infection Among Toddlers, Reny Fahdiyani, Ardini S. Raksanagara, Hadyana Sukandar

Kesmas

Infeksi saluran pernapasan akut atas (ISPA atas) di negara berkembang menyebabkan morbiditas tinggi pada anak bawah usia lima tahun (balita). Kementerian Kesehatan Republik Indonesia melaporkan bahwa ISPAnonpneumonia meningkat 2,6% dari tahun 2007 ke 2011. Faktor risiko yang dapat berkontribusi termasuk lingkungan dan perilaku. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menyelidiki faktor perilaku dan lingkungan dengan ISPA atas pada balita. Studi kasus kontrol ini dilakukan dari Februari-April 2015 pada balita di Tamansari yang merupakan daerah kumuh di Kota Bandung. Kasus adalah 55 ibu dengan balita menderita ISPA atas yang datang ke puskesmas, sedangkan kontrol dua kali lebih besar dari kasus dipilih dari lingkungan …

Predisposing Factors With Complementary Feeding Practices Among 9-11 Month-Old Infants In Jakarta Urban Slum Area, Septriana Septriana, Gita Ardelia Suhartono

Kesmas

Penyebab utama kekurangan gizi selain dari penyakit infeksi adalah pola asuh yang tidak sesuai dan pemberian makan yang optimal menjadi salah satu cara untuk mengatasi konsekuensi jangka panjang dari kekurangan zat gizi. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui hubungan antara faktor pendukung praktik pemberian makanan pendamping air susu ibu (MPASI) pada bayi usia 9 - 11 bulan di daerah kumuh perkotaan Jakarta. Penelitian potong lintang ini melibatkan 50 orang pengasuh bayi usia 9 – 11 bulan. Data dikumpulkan melalui wawancara menggunakan kuesioner. Tidak terdapat hubungan yang bermakna antara usia pengasuh dengan praktik pemberian makan (nilai p = 0,645). Demikian juga dengan …

Residential Density, Parents’ Sexual Activity And Teenage Sexual Behavior In Yogyakarta, Luluk Rosida, Evi Martha, Besral Besral

Kesmas

Pada daerah kumuh dan padat, orangtua sering terpaksa harus berbagi ruang tidur dengan anak-anaknya sehingga anak-anaknya sudah terpapar dengan aktivitas seksual sejak dini. Penelitian ini bertujuan mengetahui kepadatan hunian, aktivitas seksual orangtua, dan efeknya terhadap perilaku seksual remaja di Yogyakarta. Penelitian ini menggunakan desain potong lintang dengan mewawancarai 268 keluarga yang memiliki anak remaja yang dipilih secara acak di daerah kumuh perkotaan dan daerah pedesaan pada bulan Maret – Mei 2015. Analisis data dilakukan menggunakan uji kai kuadrat dan regresi-cox multivariat. Hasil penelitian ini menunjukkan bahwa orangtua yang tinggal di hunian padat memiliki risiko dua kali lebih besar untuk melakukan …

Effects Of Mothers’ Attitude As Breeders And Distance Of Stockyard Toward Diarrhea Incidence Among Toddlers, Yarmaliza Yarmaliza, Sugito Sugito, Teuku Reza Ferasyi, Nurliana Nurliana, Razali Razali

Kesmas

Diare merupakan penyakit dengan perubahan bentuk dan konsentrasi tinja yang melembek sampai mencair, dan bertambahnya frekuensi buang air besar lebih dari biasanya (tiga kali atau lebih dalam sehari). Di Provinsi Aceh, terdapat kasus diare sebanyak 48/1.000 kelahiran hidup pada 2013. Di Kabupaten Aceh Barat, pada tahun 2014 terdapat 1.071 kasus, sedangkan di Kecamatan Meureubo terdapat sebanyak 70 kasus pada anak bawah lima tahun (balita). Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui hubungan sikap ibu sebagai peternak dan jarak kandang ternak terhadap kejadian diare pada balita di wilayah kerja Puskesmas Kecamatan Meureubo. Penelitian ini dilakukan secara potong lintang pada bulan Juli – September …

Cadmium Contamination In Farmland Soil And Water Near Zinc Mining Site, Kanitta Jiraungkoorskul, Sara Arphorn, Mathuros Tipayamongholgul, Wattasit Siriwong

Kesmas

Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian potong lintang yang dilakukan di Kecamatan Phatadpaeng, Kota Mae Sod, Provinsi Tak, Thailand. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui konsentrasi kadmium pada air dan tanah pertanian serta pada pemukiman petani dan rumah tangga. Konsentrasi kadmium pada 48 sampel tanah dan air pemukiman petani, 12 sampel rumah tangga, enam sampel tanah pertanian, dan delapan sampel air pertanian ditelusuri menggunakan Graphite Furnace Atomic Absorption Spectrophotometer. Uji Mann-Whitney U digunakan untuk analisis perbedaan konsentrasi kadmium antara tanah pertanian dan tanah pemukiman, air pertanian dan air pemukiman. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan tidak terdapat perbedaan secara statistik pada seluruh matriks, namun air dan …

Study On Clinical, Histopathological Features And Evaluation Results Of Skin Cancer Treatment In Can Tho Oncology Hospital, Nguyen Van Qui, Phan Nguyen Ngoc

Kesmas

Kanker kulit, diagnosis kanker paling umum, cenderung mengalami peningkatan. Kondisi ini secara khusus merupakan isu penting di negara-negara maju. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mendeskripsikan fitur klinis, fitur hispatologis, komplikasi dan hasil pengobatan bedah awal kanker kulit di Rumah Sakit Onkologi Can Tho dari tahun 2014 sampai 2015. Penelitian deskriptif prospektif ini melibatkan seluruh pasien dengan kanker kulit nonmelanoma yang diuji dan diobati di Rumah Sakit Onkologi Can Tho dari Juli 2014 sampai Maret 2015. Terdapat 78 kasus terpilih. Kanker kulit ditemukan lebih umum pada pasien yang lebih tua. Prevalensi karsinoma sel basal ditemukan lebih tinggi dibandingkan karsinoma sel skuamosa dengan …

Communication Of Parents, Sexual Content Intake And Teenage Sexual Behavior At Senior High School In Banjarmasin City, Rusmilawaty Rusmilawaty, Yuniarti Yuniarti, Tri Tunggal

Kesmas

Perilaku seks bebas di kalangan remaja Kota Banjarmasin belakangan ini semakin mengkhawatirkan para orangtua. Kurangnya pendidikan seksologi berdampak para remaja cenderung melakukan hubungan seksual pranikah yang akan berakibat pada kehamilan yang tidak diinginkan dan pernikahan dini. Komunikasi orangtua-anak dan paparan media baik media cetak maupun elektronik merupakan cara untuk mengurangi perilaku seksual berisiko. Tujuan penelitian ini untuk mengetahui hubungan komunikasi orangtua dan asupan muatan seksual dengan perilaku seksual remaja sekolah menengah atas (SMA) di Kota Banjarmasin. Untuk mencapai tujuan tersebut, penelitian survei analitik dengan pendekatan potong lintang dilakukan pada bulan Juli – Oktober 2015 di dua sekolah negeri dan satu …

Alzheimer's Biomarkers Are Correlated With Brain Connectivity In Older Adults Differentially During Resting And Task States, Yang Jiang, Haiqing Huang, Erin Abner, Lucas S. Broster, Gregory A. Jicha, Frederick A. Schmitt, Richard Kryscio, Anders H. Andersen, David Powell, Linda J. Van Eldik, Brian T. Gold, Peter T. Nelson, Charles D. Smith, Mingzhou Ding

Behavioral Science Faculty Publications

β-amyloid (Aβ) plaques and tau-related neurodegeneration are pathologic hallmarks of Alzheimer’s disease (AD). The utility of AD biomarkers, including those measured in cerebrospinal fluid (CSF), in predicting future AD risk and cognitive decline is still being refined. Here, we explored potential relationships between functional connectivity (FC) patterns within the default-mode network (DMN), age, CSF biomarkers (Aβ₄₂ and pTau₁₈₁), and cognitive status in older adults. Multiple measures of FC were explored, including a novel time series-based measure [total interdependence (TI)]. In our sample of 27 cognitively normal older adults, no significant associations were found between levels of Aβ …

Models For Hsv Shedding Must Account For Two Levels Of Overdispersion, Amalia Magaret

UW Biostatistics Working Paper Series

We have frequently implemented crossover studies to evaluate new therapeutic interventions for genital herpes simplex virus infection. The outcome measured to assess the efficacy of interventions on herpes disease severity is the viral shedding rate, defined as the frequency of detection of HSV on the genital skin and mucosa. We performed a simulation study to ascertain whether our standard model, which we have used previously, was appropriately considering all the necessary features of the shedding data to provide correct inference. We simulated shedding data under our standard, validated assumptions and assessed the ability of 5 different models to reproduce the …

Detectable Viral Load In Late Pregnancy Among Women In The Rwanda Option B+ Pmtct Program: Enrollment Results From The Kabeho Study., Michelle M Gill, Heather J Hoffman, Emily A Bobrow, Placidie Mugwaneza, Dieudonne Ndatimana, Gilles F Ndayisaba, Cyprien Baribwira, Laura Guay, Anita Asiimwe

Epidemiology Faculty Publications

There are limited viral load (VL) data available from programs implementing "Option B+," lifelong antiretroviral treatment (ART) to all HIV-positive pregnant and postpartum women, in resource-limited settings. Extent of viral suppression from a prevention of mother-to-child transmission of HIV program in Rwanda was assessed among women enrolled in the Kigali Antiretroviral and Breastfeeding Assessment for the Elimination of HIV (Kabeho) Study. ARV drug resistance testing was conducted on women with VL>2000 copies/ml. In April 2013-January 2014, 608 pregnant or early postpartum HIV-positive women were enrolled in 14 facilities. Factors associated with detectable enrollment VL (>20 copies/ml) were examined …

Male Pattern Baldness In Relation To Prostate Cancer–Specific Mortality: A Prospective Analysis In The Nhanes I Epidemiologic Follow-Up Study, Cindy Ke Zhou, Paul H Levine, Sean D. Cleary, Heather J. Hoffman, Barry I Graubard, Michael B. Cook

Epidemiology Faculty Publications

We used male pattern baldness as a proxy for long-term androgen exposure and investigated the association of dermatologist-assessed hair loss with prostate cancer–specific mortality in the first National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey Epidemiologic Follow-up Study. From the baseline survey (1971–1974), we included 4,316 men who were 25–74 years of age and had no prior cancer diagnosis. We estimated hazard ratios and used Cox proportional hazards regressions with age as the time metric and baseline hazard stratified by baseline age. A hybrid framework was used to account for stratification and clustering of the sample design, with adjustment for the variables …

Socioecological Factors Influencing Women's Hiv Risk In The United States: Qualitative Findings From The Women's Hiv Seroincidence Study (Hptn 064)., Paula M Frew, Kimberly Parker, Linda Vo, Danielle Haley, Ann O'Leary, Dazon Dixon Diallo, Carol E Golin, Irene Kuo, Lydia Soto-Torres, Jing Wang, Adaora A Adimora, Laura A Randall, Carlos Del Rio, Sally Hodder, Hiv Prevention Trials Network 064 (Htpn) Study Team.

Epidemiology Faculty Publications

BACKGROUND: We sought to understand the multilevel syndemic factors that are concurrently contributing to the HIV epidemic among women living in the US. We specifically examined community, network, dyadic, and individual factors to explain HIV vulnerability within a socioecological framework.

METHODS: We gathered qualitative data (120 interviews and 31 focus groups) from a subset of women ages 18-44 years (N = 2,099) enrolled in the HPTN 064 HIV seroincidence estimation study across 10 US communities. We analyzed data from 4 diverse locations: Atlanta, New York City (the Bronx), Raleigh, and Washington, DC. Data were thematically coded using grounded theory methodology. …

Improving Hiv Surveillance Data For Public Health Action In Washington, Dc: A Novel Multiorganizational Data-Sharing Method, Joanne Ocampo, J. C. Smart, Adam Allston, Reshma Bhattacharjee, Sahithi Boggavarapu, Amanda D. Castel, +13 More

GW Biostatistics Center

Background: The National HIV/AIDS Strategy calls for active surveillance programs for human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) to more accurately measure access to and retention in care across the HIV care continuum for persons living with HIV within their jurisdictions and to identify persons who may need public health services. However, traditional public health surveillance methods face substantial technological and privacy-related barriers to data sharing.

Objective: This study developed a novel data-sharing approach to improve the timeliness and quality of HIV surveillance data in three jurisdictions where persons may often travel across the borders of the District of Columbia, Maryland, and Virginia. …

Skin Collagen Fluorophore Lw-1 Versus Skin Fluorescence As Markers For The Long-Term Progression Of Subclinical Macrovascular Disease In Type 1 Diabetes., David R Sell, Wanjie Sun, Xiaoyu Gao, Christopher Strauch, John M. Lachin, Patricia A Cleary, Saul Genuth, Ddit/Edic Research Group, Vincent M Monnier

GW Biostatistics Center

BACKGROUND: Skin collagen Long Wavelength Fluorescence (LWF) is widely used as a surrogate marker for accumulation of advanced glycation end-products. Here we determined the relationship of LWF with glycemia, skin fluorescence, and the progression of complications during EDIC in 216 participants from the DCCT.

METHODS: LW-1 and collagen-linked fluorescence (CLF) were measured by either High Performance Liquid Chromatography (HPLC) with fluorescence detection (LW-1) or total fluorescence of collagenase digests (CLF) in insoluble skin collagen extracted from skin biopsies obtained at the end of the DCCT (1993). Skin intrinsic fluorescence (SIF) was noninvasively measured on volar forearm skin at EDIC year …

D-Dimer Levels Before Hiv Seroconversion Remain Elevated Even After Viral Suppression And Are Associated With An Increased Risk Of Non-Aids Events, Matthew S Freiberg, Ionut Bebu, Russell Tracy, Kaku So-Armah, Jason Okulicz, Anuradha Ganesan, Adam Armstrong, Thomas O'Bryan, David Rimland, Amy C Justice, Brian K Agan

GW Biostatistics Center

The mechanism underlying the excess risk of non-AIDS diseases among HIV infected people is unclear. HIV associated inflammation/hypercoagulability likely plays a role. While antiretroviral therapy (ART) may return this process to pre-HIV levels, this has not been directly demonstrated. We analyzed data/specimens on 249 HIV+ participants from the US Military HIV Natural History Study, a prospective, multicenter observational cohort of >5600 active duty military personnel and beneficiaries living with HIV. We used stored blood specimens to measure D-dimer and Interleukin-6 (IL-6) at three time points: pre-HIV seroconversion, ≥6 months post-HIV seroconversion but prior to ART initiation, and ≥6 months post-ART …

Generalized Confidence Intervals And Fiducial Intervals For Some Epidemiological Measures., Ionut Bebu, G. Luta, T. Mathew, B. K. Agan

GW Biostatistics Center

For binary outcome data from epidemiological studies, this article investigates the interval estimation of several measures of interest in the absence or presence of categorical covariates. When covariates are present, the logistic regression model as well as the log-binomial model are investigated. The measures considered include the common odds ratio (OR) from several studies, the number needed to treat (NNT), and the prevalence ratio. For each parameter, confidence intervals are constructed using the concepts of generalized pivotal quantities and fiducial quantities. Numerical results show that the confidence intervals so obtained exhibit satisfactory performance in terms of maintaining the coverage probabilities …

Significance Of Epicardial And Intrathoracic Adipose Tissue Volume Among Type 1 Diabetes Patients In The Dcct/Edic: A Pilot Study., Sirous Darabian, Jye-Yu C Backlund, Patricia A Cleary, Nasim Sheidaee, Ionut Bebu, John M. Lachin, Matthew J Budoff, Dcct/Edic Research Group

GW Biostatistics Center

Introduction

Type 1 diabetes (T1DM) patients are at increased risk of coronary artery disease (CAD). This pilot study sought to evaluate the relationship between epicardial adipose tissue (EAT) and intra-thoracic adipose tissue (IAT) volumes and cardio-metabolic risk factors in T1DM.

Method

EAT/IAT volumes in 100 patients, underwent non-contrast cardiac computed tomography in the Diabetes Control and Complications Trial /Epidemiology of Diabetes Interventions and Complications (DCCT/EDIC) study were measured by a certified reader. Fat was defined as pixels’ density of -30 to -190 Hounsfield Unit. The associations were assessed using–Pearson partial correlation and linear regression models adjusted for gender and age …

Lymphoblastoid Cell Lines As A Tool To Study Inter-Individual Differences In The Response To Glucose., Michael A Grassi, Vidhya R Rao, Siquan Chen, Dingcai Cao, Xiaoyu Gao, Patricia A. Cleary, R Stephanie Huang, Andrew D Paterson, Rama Natarajan, Jalees Rehman, Timothy S Kern

GW Biostatistics Center

BACKGROUND: White blood cells have been shown in animal studies to play a central role in the pathogenesis of diabetic retinopathy. Lymphoblastoid cells are immortalized EBV-transformed primary B-cell leukocytes that have been extensively used as a model for conditions in which white blood cells play a primary role. The purpose of this study was to investigate whether lymphoblastoid cell lines, by retaining many of the key features of primary leukocytes, can be induced with glucose to demonstrate relevant biological responses to those found in diabetic retinopathy.

METHODS: Lymphoblastoid cell lines were obtained from twenty-three human subjects. Differences between high and …

Importance Of Hereditary And Selected Environmental Risk Factors In The Etiology Of Inflammatory Breast Cancer: A Case-Comparison Study., Roxana Moslehi, Elizabeth Freedman, Nur Zeinomar, Carmela Veneroso, Paul H. Levine

Epidemiology Faculty Publications

BACKGROUND: To assess the importance of heredity in the etiology of inflammatory breast cancer (IBC), we compared IBC patients to several carefully chosen comparison groups with respect to the prevalence of first-degree family history of breast cancer.

METHODS: IBC cases (n = 141) were compared to non-inflammatory breast cancer cases (n = 178) ascertained through George Washington University (GWU) with respect to the prevalence of first-degree family history of breast cancer and selected environmental/lifestyle risk factors for breast cancer. Similar comparisons were conducted with subjects from three case-control studies: breast cancer cases (n = 1145) and unaffected controls (n = …

Importance Of Hereditary And Selected Environmental Risk Factors In The Etiology Of Inflammatory Breast Cancer: A Case-Comparison Study., Roxana Moslehi, Elizabeth Freedman, Nur Zeinomar, Carmela Veneroso, Paul H. Levine

Epidemiology Faculty Publications

BACKGROUND: To assess the importance of heredity in the etiology of inflammatory breast cancer (IBC), we compared IBC patients to several carefully chosen comparison groups with respect to the prevalence of first-degree family history of breast cancer.

METHODS: IBC cases (n = 141) were compared to non-inflammatory breast cancer cases (n = 178) ascertained through George Washington University (GWU) with respect to the prevalence of first-degree family history of breast cancer and selected environmental/lifestyle risk factors for breast cancer. Similar comparisons were conducted with subjects from three case-control studies: breast cancer cases (n = 1145) and unaffected controls (n = …

Interruptions Of Antiretroviral Therapy In Children And Adolescents With Hiv Infection In Clinical Practice: A Retrospective Cohort Study In The Usa., Natella Rakhmanina, Kam S Lam, Jaclyn Hern, Heather A. Young, Alex Walters, Amanda D. Castel

Epidemiology Faculty Publications

INTRODUCTION: Changes in combination antiretroviral therapy (cART) throughout childhood challenge the continuity of paediatric HIV treatment. This study aimed to evaluate the prevalence of treatment interruption (TI), including lamivudine (3TC) monotherapy, and the relationship of TI to virologic and immunologic parameters in HIV-infected paediatric patients.

METHODS: Nested within a prospective observational study of a city-wide cohort of HIV-infected persons in the District of Columbia, this sub-study collected retrospective data on antiretroviral therapy, enrolment (endpoint) and historic (lifelong) CD4 counts and HIV RNA viral load (VL) of the paediatric cohort. TI was defined as interruption of cART ≥4 consecutive weeks. Data …

Arsenic In Drinking Water And Lung Cancer Mortality In The United States: An Analysis Based On Us Counties And 30 Years Of Observation (1950-1979)., Hamid Ferdosi, Elisabeth K Dissen, Nana Ama Afari-Dwamena, Ji Li, Rusan Chen, Manning Feinleib, Steven H Lamm

Epidemiology Faculty Publications

Background. To examine whether the US EPA (2010) lung cancer risk estimate derived from the high arsenic exposures (10-934 µg/L) in southwest Taiwan accurately predicts the US experience from low arsenic exposures (3-59 µg/L). Methods. Analyses have been limited to US counties solely dependent on underground sources for their drinking water supply with median arsenic levels of ≥3 µg/L. Results. Cancer risks (slopes) were found to be indistinguishable from zero for males and females. The addition of arsenic level did not significantly increase the explanatory power of the models. Stratified, or categorical, analysis yielded relative risks that hover about 1.00. …

Evaluating A Bystander Intervention Program On Reproductive Coercion: Using Quasi-Experimental Design Strategies To Address Methodologic Issues In Randomized Community Prevention Trials, Catherine P. Starnes

Theses and Dissertations--Epidemiology and Biostatistics

Community (or cluster) randomized trials are trials in which communities or groups of individuals (clusters) are randomized to receive the intervention of interest. Community randomized trials frequently more closely resemble a natural experiment than a randomized controlled trial (RCT) following intervention allocation. In particular, the effects of non-compliance can pose methodologic challenges in estimating the intervention effect which may require a quasiexperimental approach in order to minimize bias.

The motivating example to illustrate these issues is the Green Dot High School (GDHS) study. The GDHS study was a longitudinal, cluster-randomized controlled trial designed to assess the effectiveness of a bystander …

The Association Between Osteoporosis And Early Menopause Following Hysterectomy, Mia Meeyaong-Won Botkin

Walden Dissertations and Doctoral Studies

Osteoporosis is considered to be the most adverse public health disease associated with substantial mortality among postmenopausal women. Hysterectomy, surgically induced menopause, contributes to the early onset of menopause. However, there was no evidence of an association between early menopause following hysterectomy and osteoporosis among postmenopausal women. The purpose of this quantitative study was to examine the association between demographic and behavioral factors and the prevalence of osteoporosis among hysterectomized postmenopausal women. The integrated theory of health behavior change theoretical framework guided study. Cross-sectional secondary data from the 2009-2010 National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey were used. Multiple logistic regression …

Factors Impacting Transgender Patients’ Discomfort With Their Family Physicians: A Respondent-Driven Sampling Survey, Greta R. Bauer, Xuchen Zong, Ayden I. Scheim, Rebecca Hammond, Amardeep Thind

Epidemiology and Biostatistics Publications

BACKGROUND: Representing approximately 0.5% of the population, transgender (trans) persons in Canada depend on family physicians for both general and transition-related care. However, physicians receive little to no training on this patient population, and trans patients are often profoundly uncomfortable and may avoid health care. This study examined factors associated with patient discomfort discussing trans health issues with a family physician in Ontario, Canada.

METHODS: 433 trans people age 16 and over were surveyed using respondent-driven sampling for the Trans PULSE Project; 356 had a family physician. Weighted logistic regression models were fit to produce prevalence risk ratios (PRRs) via …

Pesticide Exposure, Behavior Of Farmer, And Activity Of Cholinesterase Enzyme In Blood Of Fertile Women Farmers, Deni Abdul Rahman, Zakianis Zakianis, Laila Fitria

Kesmas

Petani perempuan usia subur berisiko mengalami penurunan aktivitas kolinesterase akibat pajanan pestisida. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis hubungan antara pajanan pestisida dan perilaku pemajan terhadap aktivitas kolinesterase petani perempuan usia subur di Desa Kedunguter. Penelitian ini menggunakan desain potong lintang pada 94 petani perempuan usia subur tahun 2015. Pengumpulan data dilakukan secara observasi, wawancara, dan uji kolinesterase. Analisis data menggunakan uji kai kuadrat dan hasil analisis menunjukkan hubungan signifikan antara jenis pestisida, waktu kerja, penggunaan sarung tangan, perilaku mencuci tangan terhadap aktivitas kolinesterase petani perempuan usia subur. Hasil analisis pada penelitian ini menunjukkan bahwa variabel waktu kerja memiliki nilai odds …

The Use Of Earthworms And Household Organic Waste Composting Length Of Time, Abdul Khair, Lucky Herawati, Noraida Noraida, Munawar Raharja

Kesmas

Pengomposan dengan cacing tanah merupakan proses pembuatan kompos dengan melibatkan organisme makro cacing tanah. Kerja sama antara cacing tanah dengan mikroorganisme dapat memberi dampak pada proses penguraian yang dilakukan oleh mikroorganisme tersebut dibantu dengan keberadaan cacing tanah. Oleh karena bahan-bahan yang akan diurai oleh mikroorganisme telah diurai lebih dahulu oleh cacing, maka kerja mikroorganisme lebih efektif dan lebih cepat. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui pengaruh penggunaan cacing tanah terhadap lama waktu pengomposan sampah organik dari rumah tangga dengan menggunakan desain penelitian eksperimen. Objek penelitian adalah seluruh sampah organik dari rumah tangga yang diambil secara acak pada satu rumah tangga. Variabel …

Riwayat Berat Badan Lahir Dengan Kejadian Stunting Pada Anak Usia Bawah Dua Tahun, Atikah Rahayu, Fahrini Yulidasari, Andini Octaviana Putri, Fauzie Rahman

Kesmas

Kabupaten Hulu Sungai Utara masih dihadapkan dengan permasalahan gizi pada anak bawah dua tahun (baduta). Salah satu masalah gizi hingga saat ini adalah stunting. Anak dengan riwayat berat badan lahir rendah (BBLR) merupakan salah satu faktor yang potensial memengaruhi pertumbuhan anak. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengkaji risiko riwayat berat badan lahir dengan kejadian stunting pada anak baduta. Desain penelitian adalah potong lintang. Populasi penelitian ini merupakan ibu-ibu yang memiliki anak baduta dan besar sampel sejumlah 117 terdiri dari anak baduta. Pelaksanaan penelitian dilakukan selama tiga bulan pada bulan September – November 2014. Kategori BBLR jika riwayat berat badan lahir < 2.500 gram. Analisis data bivariat menggunakan uji kai kuadrat dan data multivariat menggunakan uji regresi logistik. Hasil analisis bivariat menunjukkan bahwa terdapat hubungan yang signifikan antara riwayat status BBLR (nilai p = 0,015) dengan stunting pada anak baduta. Berdasarkan hasil analisis multivariat, diperoleh bahwa BBLR merupakan faktor risiko yang paling dominan berhubungan dengan kejadian stunting. Anak dengan BBLR memiliki risiko 5,87 kali untuk mengalami stunting. Riwayat BBLR memiliki peranan penting dalam kejadian stunting anak baduta di wilayah Puskesmas Sungai Karias, Hulu Sungai Utara. North Hulu Sungai District is still facing nutrition problems among children under two years old. One of nutrition problems up to now is stunting. Child with low birthweight (LBW) record is one of potential factors influencing the growth of a child. This study aimed to assess any risk of LBW records with stunting incidence among children under two years old. This study used cross-sectional design. The population was mothers having children under two years old and samples amounted to 117 consisted of children under two years old. This study was conducted within three months on September – November 2014. Category of LBW was if birth weight records < 2,500 gram. Bivariate data analysis used chi-square test and multivariate data analysis used logistic regression test. The result of bivariate analysis showed a significant relation between LBW status records (p value = 0.015) with stunting incidence among children under two years old. Based on the result of multivariate analysis, LBW was the most dominating risk factor related to stunting incidence. Children with LBW had 5.87 times risk of suffering from stunting. LBW records take an important role in stunting incidence among children under two years old around Sungai Karias Primary Health Care area in North Hulu Sungai.

Penemuan Kasus Infeksi Kusta Subklinis Pada Anak Melalui Deteksi Kadar Antibodi (Igm) Anti Pgl-1, Arif Sujagat, Fardhiasih Dwi Astuti, Eva Muslimawati Saputri, Annisa Sani, Agil Dwi Prasetya

Kesmas

]Kusta merupakan penyakit menular kronis yang disebabkan Mycobacterium leprae. Indonesia menempati peringkat ketiga penyumbang kasus kusta terbanyak di dunia pada tahun 2012 – 2014. Kota Surabaya merupakan daerah endemis kusta. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk deteksi dini kusta subklinis berdasarkan pengukuran kadar antibodi (IgM) anti PGL-1 dan mengetahui faktor-faktor yang berhubungan dengan kusta subklinis pada anak di Kota Surabaya. Penelitian analitik menggunakan desain potong lintang pada bulan April - Mei 2015. Populasi dilakukan penelitian adalah keluarga yang memiliki anggota penderita kusta. Sampel dipilih dengan teknik simple random sampling dan sebanyak 30 kepala keluarga terpilih melalui rapid school and village survey pada …