Statistics and Probability Commons^™

Reassessment Of Risk Genotypes (Grn, Tmem106b, And Abcc9 Variants) Associated With Hippocampal Sclerosis Of Aging Pathology, Peter T. Nelson, Wang-Xia Wang, Amanda B. Partch, Sarah E. Monsell, Otto Valladares, Sally R. Ellingson, Bernard R. Wilfred, Adam C. Naj, Li-San Wang, Walter A. Kukull, David W. Fardo

Pathology and Laboratory Medicine Faculty Publications

Hippocampal sclerosis of aging (HS-Aging) is a common high-morbidity neurodegenerative condition in elderly persons. To understand the risk factors for HS-Aging, we analyzed data from the Alzheimer’s Disease Genetics Consortium and correlated the data with clinical and pathologic information from the National Alzheimer’s Coordinating Center database. Overall, 268 research volunteers with HS-Aging and 2,957 controls were included; detailed neuropathologic data were available for all. The study focused on single-nucleotide polymorphisms previously associated with HS-Aging risk: rs5848 ( GRN ), rs1990622 ( TMEM106B ), and rs704180 ( ABCC9 ). Analyses of a subsample that was not previously evaluated (51 HS-Aging cases …

Statistical Modeling Of Microrna Expression With Human Cancers, Ke-Sheng Wang, Yue Pan, Chun Xu

Health & Biomedical Sciences Faculty Publications

MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are small non-coding RNAs (containing about 22 nucleotides) that regulate gene expression. MiRNAs are involved in many different biological processes such as cell proliferation, differentiation, apoptosis, fat metabolism, and human cancer genes; while miRNAs may function as candidates for diagnostic and prognostic biomarkers and predictors of drug response. This paper emphasizes the statistical methods in the analysis of the associations of miRNA gene expression with human cancers and related clinical phenotypes: 1) simple statistical methods include chi-square test, correlation analysis, t-test and one-way ANOVA; 2) regression models include linear and logistic regression; 3) survival analysis approaches such as …

Gene Expression Changes Reflect Clinical Response In A Placebo-Controlled Randomized Trial Of Abatacept In Patients With Diffuse Cutaneous Systemic Sclerosis, Eliza F. Chakravarty, Viktor Martyanov, David Fiorentino, Tammara A. Wood, David J. Haddon, Justin A. Jarrell, Paul Utz, Mark Genovese, Michael Whitfield, Lorinda Chung

Dartmouth Scholarship

Systemic sclerosis is an autoimmune disease characterized by inflammation and fibrosis of the skin and internal organs. We sought to assess the clinical and molecular effects associated with response to intravenous abatacept in patients with diffuse cutaneous systemic.

Wordless Intervention For Epilepsy In Learning Disabilities (Wield): Study Protocol For A Randomized Controlled Feasibility Trial, Marie-Anne Durand, Bob Gates, Georgina Parkes, Asif Zia

Dartmouth Scholarship

Epilepsy is the most common neurological problem that affects people with learning disabilities. The high seizure frequency, resistance to treatments, associated skills deficit and co-morbidities make the management of epilepsy particularly challenging for people with learning disabilities. The Books Beyond Words booklet for epilepsy uses images to help people with learning disabilities manage their condition and improve quality of life. Our aim is to conduct a randomized controlled feasibility trial exploring key methodological, design and acceptability issues, in order to subsequently undertake a large-scale randomized controlled trial of the Books Beyond Words booklet for epilepsy.

Successful Mdr-Tb Treatment Regimens Including Amikacin Are Associated With High Rates Of Hearing Loss, Chawangwa Modongo, Rafal S. Sobota, Boikobo Kesenogile, Ronald Ncube

Dartmouth Scholarship

Aminoglycosides are a critical component of multidrug-resistant tuberculosis (MDR-TB) treatment but data on their efficacy and adverse effects in Botswana is scarce. We determined the effect of amikacin on treatment outcomes and development of hearing loss in MDR-TB patients. Patients started on MDR-TB treatment between 2006 and 2012 were included. Multivariate analysis was used to determine the effect of amikacin on treatment outcomes and development of hearing loss.

Pharyngeal And Cervical Cancer Incidences Significantly Correlate With Personal Uv Doses Among Whites In The United States, Dianne E. Godar, Rong Tang, Stephen Merrill

Mathematics, Statistics and Computer Science Faculty Research and Publications

Because we found UV-exposed oral tissue cells have reduced DNA repair and apoptotic cell death compared with skin tissue cells, we asked if a correlation existed between personal UV dose and the incidences of oral and pharyngeal cancer in the United States. We analyzed the International Agency for Research on Cancer's incidence data for oral and pharyngeal cancers by race (white and black) and sex using each state's average annual personal UV dose. We refer to our data as ‘white’ rather than ‘Caucasian,’ which is a specific subgroup of whites, and ‘black’ rather than African-American because blacks from other countries …

Abcc9 Gene Polymorphism Is Associated With Hippocampal Sclerosis Of Aging Pathology, Peter T. Nelson, Steven Estus, Erin L. Abner, Ishita Parikh, Manasi Malik, Janna H. Neltner, Eseosa Ighodaro, Wang-Xia Wang, Bernard R. Wilfred, Li-San Wang, Walter A. Kukull, Kannabiran Nandakumar, Mark L. Farman, Wayne W. Poon, Maria M. Corrada, Claudia H. Kawas, David H. Cribbs, David A. Bennett, Julie A. Schneider, Eric B. Larson, Paul K. Crane, Otto Valladares, Frederick A. Schmitt, Richard J. Kryscio, Gregory A. Jicha, Charles D. Smith, Stephen W. Scheff, Joshua A. Sonnen, Jonathan L. Haines, Margaret A. Pericak-Vance, Richard Mayeux, Lindsay A. Farrer, Linda J. Van Eldik, Craig Horbinski, Robert C. Green, Marla Gearing, Leonard W. Poon, Patricia L. Kramer, Randall L. Woltjer, Thomas J. Montine, Amanda B. Partch, Alexander J. Rajic, Katierose Richmire, Sarah E. Monsell, Gerard D. Schellenberg, David W. Fardo

Pathology and Laboratory Medicine Faculty Publications

Hippocampal sclerosis of aging (HS-Aging) is a high-morbidity brain disease in the elderly but risk factors are largely unknown. We report the first genome-wide association study (GWAS) with HS-Aging pathology as an endophenotype. In collaboration with the Alzheimer's Disease Genetics Consortium, data were analyzed from large autopsy cohorts: (#1) National Alzheimer's Coordinating Center (NACC); (#2) Rush University Religious Orders Study and Memory and Aging Project; (#3) Group Health Research Institute Adult Changes in Thought study; (#4) University of California at Irvine 90+ Study; and (#5) University of Kentucky Alzheimer's Disease Center. Altogether, 363 HS-Aging cases and 2,303 controls, all pathologically …

Rapid Door-To-Balloon Time (≤ 30 Minutes) In The Treatment Of Acute St-Elevation Myocardial Infarction (Stemi) Is Associated With Reduced Length Of Hospital Stay And Improved Clinical Outcomes, Yassir Nawaz Md, Ataul Qureshi Md, Navin K. Subrayappa Md, Orlando E. Rivera Rn, Bruce Feldman Do, Nainesh C. Patel Md

Department of Medicine

No abstract provided.

Understanding Non-Emergent Pediatric Ed Visits: Using Hospital And Family Centric Data To Inform System Redesign, Deborah Swavely Dnp, Rn, Kathy Baker Mph, Rn, Krista L. Bilger Bsn, Rn, David Zimmerman Mph, Andrew Martin Msn, Rn

Department of Community Health and Health Studies

No abstract provided.

Self-Reported Head Injury And Risk Of Late-Life Impairment And Ad Pathology In An Ad Center Cohort, Erin L. Abner, Peter T. Nelson, Frederick A. Schmitt, Steven R. Browning, David W. Fardo, Lijie Wan, Gregory A. Jicha, Gregory E. Cooper, Charles D. Smith, Allison M. Caban-Holt, Linda J. Van Eldik, Richard J. Kryscio

Sanders-Brown Center on Aging Faculty Publications

Aims: To evaluate the relationship between self-reported head injury and cognitive impairment, dementia, mortality, and Alzheimer's disease (AD)-type pathological changes. Methods: Clinical and neuropathological data from participants enrolled in a longitudinal study of aging and cognition (n = 649) were analyzed to assess the chronic effects of self-reported head injury. Results: The effect of self-reported head injury on the clinical state depended on the age at assessment: for a 1-year increase in age, the OR for the transition to clinical mild cognitive impairment (MCI) at the next visit for participants with a history of head injury was 1.21 and 1.34 …

The Effect Of Shortening Door To Balloon Time (<90 Minutes) In Stemi Patients Transferred From Outside Hospitals, Ataul Qureshi Md, Yassir Nawaz Md, Navin K. Subrayappa Md, Orlando E. Rivera Rn, Nainesh C. Patel Md

Department of Medicine

No abstract provided.

Partially-Latent Class Models (Plcm) For Case-Control Studies Of Childhood Pneumonia Etiology, Zhenke Wu, Maria Deloria-Knoll, Laura L. Hammitt, Scott L. Zeger

Johns Hopkins University, Dept. of Biostatistics Working Papers

In population studies on the etiology of disease, one goal is the estimation of the fraction of cases attributable to each of several causes. For example, pneumonia is a clinical diagnosis of lung infection that may be caused by viral, bacterial, fungal, or other pathogens. The study of pneumonia etiology is challenging because directly sampling from the lung to identify the etiologic pathogen is not standard clinical practice in most settings. Instead, measurements from multiple peripheral specimens are made. This paper considers the problem of estimating the population etiology distribution and the individual etiology probabilities. We formulate the scientific …

Dose Expansion Cohorts In Phase I Trials, Alexia Iasonos, John O'Quigley

Memorial Sloan-Kettering Cancer Center, Dept. of Epidemiology & Biostatistics Working Paper Series

A rapidly increasing number of Phase I dose-finding studies, and in particular those based on the standard 3+3 design, frequently prolong the study and include dose expansion cohorts (DEC) with the goal to better characterize the toxicity profiles of experimental agents and to study disease specific cohorts. These trials consist of two phases: the usual dose escalation phase that aims to establish the maximum tolerated dose (MTD) and the dose expansion phase that accrues additional patients, often with different eligibility criteria, and where additional information is being collected. Current protocols typically do not specify whether the MTD will be updated …

The Effect Of Commercial Tests For Aneuploidy Screening Using Cell-Free Fetal Dna On Rates Of Invasive Testing In Clinical Practice, Adetola Louis-Jacques Md, Courtney R. Burans Ms, Cgc, Sarah Robinson, Elizabeth A. Schofield, Joanne Quiñones Md, Msce, John C. Smulian Md, Mph, Meredith Rochon Md

Department of Obstetrics & Gynecology

No abstract provided.

Use Of Commercial Tests For Aneuploidy Screening Using Cell-Free Fetal Dna In Clinical Practice (Poster), Adetola Louis-Jacques Md, Courtney R. Burans Ms, Cgc, Sarah Robinson, Elizabeth A. Schofield, Joanne Quiñones Md, Msce, John C. Smulian Md, Mph, Meredith Rochon Md

Department of Obstetrics & Gynecology

No abstract provided.

Rct Evaluating Safety & Efficacy Of Sodium Hyaluronate/Carboxymethylcellulose At Cesarean Delivery, Daniel G. Kiefer Md, Jolene C. Muscat Md, Jarrett Santorelli Bs, Martin R. Chavez Md, Cande V. Ananth Phd, Mph, John C. Smulian Md, Mph, Anthony M. Vintzileos Md

Department of Obstetrics & Gynecology

No abstract provided.

Does Cervical Ripening Via Intracervical Balloon Placement Increase The Risk Of Chorioamnionitis In Patients With Premature Rupture Of Membranes At Term?, Irena B. Cabrera Md, Joanne Quiñones Md, Msce, Danielle E. Durie Md, Jacob Rust, John C. Smulian Md, Mph, William E. Scorza Md

Department of Obstetrics & Gynecology

No abstract provided.

Amniotic Fluid Index Or Deepest Vertical Pocket?, Joanne Quiñones Md, Msce, R Melody Reynolds Md, Daniel G. Kiefer Md, Meredith Rochon Md, Katie Karabasz-Brown, John C. Smulian Md, Mph

Department of Obstetrics & Gynecology

No abstract provided.

Outcomes Of Recurrent Rectal Cancer After Transanal Excision, Sachin Vaid, Christopher Buzas, John S. Park Md, Robert J. Sinnott Md

Department of Surgery

No abstract provided.

The Impact Of Salsalate Treatment On Serum Levels Of Advanced Glycation End Products In Type 2 Diabetes., Joshua I Barzilay, Kathleen A. Jablonski, Vivian Fonseca, Steven E Shoelson, Allison B Goldfine, Christopher Strauch, Vincent M Monnier, Tinsal-T2d Research Consortium.

GW Biostatistics Center

OBJECTIVE Salsalate is a nonacetylated salicylate that lowers glucose levels in people with type 2 diabetes (T2D). Here we examined whether salsalate also lowered serum-protein-bound levels of early and advanced glycation end products (AGEs) that have been implicated in diabetic vascular complications. RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODS Participants were from the Targeting Inflammation Using Salsalate for Type 2 Diabetes (TINSAL-T2D) study, which examined the impact of salsalate treatment on hemoglobin A1c (HbA1c) and a wide variety of other parameters. One hundred eighteen participants received salsalate, 3.5 g/day for 48 weeks, and 109 received placebo. Early glycation product levels (HbA1c and fructoselysine …

Genetic Risk Of Progression To Type 2 Diabetes And Response To Intensive Lifestyle Or Metformin In Prediabetic Women With And Without A History Of Gestational Diabetes Mellitus., Shannon D Sullivan, Kathleen A. Jablonski, Jose C Florez, Dana Dabelea, Paul W Franks, Sam Dagogo-Jack, Catherine Kim, William C Knowler, Costas A Christophi, Robert Ratner, Diabetes Prevention Program Research Group.

GW Biostatistics Center

OBJECTIVE The Diabetes Prevention Program (DPP) trial investigated rates of progression to diabetes among adults with prediabetes randomized to treatment with placebo, metformin, or intensive lifestyle intervention. Among women in the DPP, diabetes risk reduction with metformin was greater in women with prior gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) compared with women without GDM but with one or more previous live births.

RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODS We asked if genetic variability could account for these differences by comparing β-cell function and genetic risk scores (GRS), calculated from 34 diabetes-associated loci, between women with and without histories of GDM.

RESULTS β-Cell function was …

Mobilizing Mechanically Ventilated Neuroscience Patients - A Clinical Practice Guideline To ‘Get Up And Go’, Bonnie Wasilowsky Bspa-Hca, Rn, Cnrn

Patient Care Services / Nursing

No abstract provided.

Benefits And Barriers To Hiv Testing In A Population Of Federal Detention Inmates, Nicole A. Knight

Loma Linda University Electronic Theses, Dissertations & Projects

Voluntary HIV testing in combination with early medical intervention has been shown to be effective in reducing the rate of new infections and improving the health and life expectancy of those living with HIV. There are however several high-risk populations in the US that remain largely unreached by HIV testing efforts, some of which could be reached while they spend time in prison or jail. Per current Bureau of Prisons (BOP) policy, HIV testing is routinely offered only to “high risk” pretrial and sentenced inmates. We conducted a cross-sectional study with 721 pretrial and sentenced inmates who entered a large …

Utility Of Recommendation Letters And Correlation With Specific Residency Applicant Qualities, Joseph E. Patruno Md, Amanda B. Flicker Md, Craig Koller Med, Amy B. Smith Phd, Hubert K. Huang Ms, Med, Taylor N. Weilnau

Department of Obstetrics & Gynecology

No abstract provided.

Gender Differences In Perceptions And Self-Reported Driving Behaviors Among Teenagers. (Poster), Gavin C. Barr Jr. Md, Kathleen E. Kane Md, Robert D. Barraco Md, Timarie Rayburg Do, Lauren Dugan Do, Chadd K. Kraus Do, Mph, Marna R. Greenberg Do, Mph, Facep, Valerie Rupp Rn, Bsn, Kimberly Hamilton, Bryan G. Kane Md

Department of Emergency Medicine

No abstract provided.

A Statewide Survey Of Institutional Trauma Human Resource Allocation And Associated Patient Mortality, Bryan G. Kane Md, Quincy Gerrald Do, Catherine Fischer Do, Kevin Vong Do, Mary Sibley Do, Justin Binstead Do

Department of Emergency Medicine

No abstract provided.

Does Destination Determine Destiny? A Statewide Analysis Of Trauma Center Mortality, Bryan G. Kane Md, Quincy Gerrald Do, Catherine Fischer Do, Kevin Vong Do, Mary Sibley Do, Justin Binstead Do

Department of Emergency Medicine

No abstract provided.

A Multi-Center, Two-Arm, Single-Blind Randomized Trial Of Two Different Intravenous Fluids During Labor (Poster)., Lisa M. Dapuzzo-Argiriou Md, John C. Smulian Md, Mph, Meredith Rochon Md, Luisa Galdi Do, Jessika Kissling Md, Peter F. Schnatz Do, George Neubert Md, Angel Gonzalez-Rios Md, James Airoldi Md, Mary Anne Carrillo Md, Jaimie Maines Md, Allen R. Kunselman Ms, John Repke Md, Richard S. Legro Md

Department of Obstetrics & Gynecology

No abstract provided.

Targeting Inflammation Using Salsalate In Patients With Type 2 Diabetes: Effects On Flow-Mediated Dilation (Tinsal-Fmd)., Allison B Goldfine, J Stewart Buck, Cyrus Desouza, Vivian Fonseca, Yii-Der Ida Chen, Steven E Shoelson, Kathleen A. Jablonski, Mark A Creager, The Tinsal-Fmd Team

GW Biostatistics Center

OBJECTIVE: To test whether inhibiting inflammation with salsalate improves endothelial function in patients with type 2 diabetes (T2D).

RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODS: We conducted an ancillary study to the National Institutes of Health-sponsored, multicenter, randomized, double-masked, placebo-controlled trial evaluating the safety and efficacy of salsalate in targeting inflammation to improve glycemia in patients with T2D. Flow-mediated, endothelium-dependent dilation (FMD) and endothelium-independent, nitroglycerin-mediated dilation (NMD) of the brachial artery were assessed at baseline and 3 and 6 months following randomization to either salsalate 3.5 g/day or placebo. The primary end point was change in FMD at 6 months.

RESULTS: A total …

Factors Associated With Parental Decision Making And Childhood Vaccination, Zuwen Qiu-Shultz

UNLV Theses, Dissertations, Professional Papers, and Capstones

In order to better understand factors affecting immunization status, logistic regression was used to assess the association of various socio-demographic factors and whether parents would have their child immunized if not a state mandate. Factors included in the study were race, household income, number of children in the household, number of adults in the household, if the child had a primary provider, if the child had a health check-up in the last twelve months, and medical insurance status of the child. The combined Nevada Kindergarten Health Survey Result of 2009-2010 (Year Two) and 2010-2011 (Year Three) conducted by the Nevada …