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Quantum Physics Commons™

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2016

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Articles 61 - 68 of 68

Full-Text Articles in Quantum Physics

Relativistic, Model-Independent, Multichannel 2 → 2 Transition Amplitudes In A Finite Volume, Raúl A. Briceño, Maxwell T. Hansen Jan 2016

Relativistic, Model-Independent, Multichannel 2 → 2 Transition Amplitudes In A Finite Volume, Raúl A. Briceño, Maxwell T. Hansen

Physics Faculty Publications

We derive formalism for determining 2+𝓙 → 2 infinite-volume transition amplitudes from finite-volume matrix elements. Specifically, we present a relativistic, model-independent relation between finite-volume matrix elements of external currents and the physically observable infinite-volume matrix elements involving two-particle asymptotic states. The result presented holds for states composed of two scalar bosons. These can be identical or nonidentical and, in the latter case, can be either degenerate or nondegenerate. We further accommodate any number of strongly coupled two-scalar channels. This formalism will, for example, allow future lattice QCD calculations of the ρ-meson form factor, in which the unstable nature of …

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Relating Transverse-Momentum-Dependent And Collinear Factorization Theorems In A Generalized Formalism, J. Collins, L. Gamberg, A. Prokudin, T. C. Rogers, N. Sato, B. Wang Jan 2016

Relating Transverse-Momentum-Dependent And Collinear Factorization Theorems In A Generalized Formalism, J. Collins, L. Gamberg, A. Prokudin, T. C. Rogers, N. Sato, B. Wang

Physics Faculty Publications

We construct an improved implementation for combining transverse-momentum-dependent (TMD) factorization and collinear factorization. TMD factorization is suitable for low transverse momentum physics, while collinear factorization is suitable for high transverse momenta and for a cross section integrated over transverse momentum. The result is a modified version of the standard 𝑊 + 𝑌 prescription traditionally used in the Collins-Soper-Sterman (CSS) formalism and related approaches. We further argue that questions regarding the shape and 𝑄 dependence of the cross sections at lower 𝑄 are largely governed by the matching to the 𝑌 term.

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Measurement Of The Differential Cross Section And Charge Asymmetry For Inclusive Pp → W± + X Production At √S = 8 Tev, Ekaterina Avdeeva, Rachel Bartek, Kenneth A. Bloom, Suvadeep Bose, Daniel R. Claes, Aaron Dominguez, Caleb Fangmeier, Rebeca Gonzalez Suarez, Rami Kamalieddin, Daniel Knowlton, Ilya Kravchenko, Jose Monroy, F. Meier, F. Ratnikov, J. E. Siado, Gregory Snow, B. Stieger, Cms Collaboration Jan 2016

Measurement Of The Differential Cross Section And Charge Asymmetry For Inclusive Pp → W± + X Production At √S = 8 Tev, Ekaterina Avdeeva, Rachel Bartek, Kenneth A. Bloom, Suvadeep Bose, Daniel R. Claes, Aaron Dominguez, Caleb Fangmeier, Rebeca Gonzalez Suarez, Rami Kamalieddin, Daniel Knowlton, Ilya Kravchenko, Jose Monroy, F. Meier, F. Ratnikov, J. E. Siado, Gregory Snow, B. Stieger, Cms Collaboration

Department of Physics and Astronomy: Faculty Publications

The differential cross section and charge asymmetry for inclusive pp → W± + X → μ±ν + X production at √s = 8 TeV are measured as a function of muon pseudorapidity. The data sample corresponds to an integrated luminosity of 18.8 fb−1 recorded with the CMS detector at the LHC. These results provide important constraints on the parton distribution functions of the proton in the range of the Bjorken scaling variable x from 10−3 to 10−1.

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Interference Energy Spectrum Of The Infinite Square Well, Mordecai Waegell, Yakir Aharonov, Taylor Lee Patti Jan 2016

Interference Energy Spectrum Of The Infinite Square Well, Mordecai Waegell, Yakir Aharonov, Taylor Lee Patti

Mathematics, Physics, and Computer Science Faculty Articles and Research

Certain superposition states of the 1-D infinite square well have transient zeros at locations other than the nodes of the eigenstates that comprise them. It is shown that if an infinite potential barrier is suddenly raised at some or all of these zeros, the well can be split into multiple adjacent infinite square wells without affecting the wavefunction. This effects a change of the energy eigenbasis of the state to a basis that does not commute with the original, and a subsequent measurement of the energy now reveals a completely different spectrum, which we call the interference energy spectrum of …

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No Return To Classical Reality, David Jennings, Matthew S. Leifer Jan 2016

No Return To Classical Reality, David Jennings, Matthew S. Leifer

Mathematics, Physics, and Computer Science Faculty Articles and Research

At a fundamental level, the classical picture of the world is dead, and has been dead now for almost a century. Pinning down exactly which quantum phenomena are responsible for this has proved to be a tricky and controversial question, but a lot of progress has been made in the past few decades. We now have a range of precise statements showing that whatever the ultimate laws of Nature are, they cannot be classical. In this article, we review results on the fundamental phenomena of quantum theory that cannot be understood in classical terms. We proceed by rst granting quite …

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Multicharged Carbon Ion Generation From Laser Plasma, Oguzhan Balki, Hani E. Elsayed-Ali Jan 2016

Multicharged Carbon Ion Generation From Laser Plasma, Oguzhan Balki, Hani E. Elsayed-Ali

Electrical & Computer Engineering Faculty Publications

Carbon ions generated by ablation of a carbon target using an Nd:YAG laser pulse (wavelength λ = 1064 nm, pulse width τ = 7 ns, and laser fluence of 10-110 J cm-2) are characterized. Time-of-flight analyzer, a three-mesh retarding field analyzer, and an electrostatic ion energy analyzer are used to study the charge and energy of carbon ions generated by laser ablation. The dependencies of the ion signal on the laser fluence, laser focal point position relative to target surface, and the acceleration voltage are described. Up to C4+ ions are observed. When no acceleration voltage is applied between the …

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Beyond Conventional C-Plane Gan-Based Light Emitting Diodes: A Systematic Exploration Of Leds On Semi-Polar Orientations, Morteza Monavarian Jan 2016

Beyond Conventional C-Plane Gan-Based Light Emitting Diodes: A Systematic Exploration Of Leds On Semi-Polar Orientations, Morteza Monavarian

Theses and Dissertations

Despite enormous efforts and investments, the efficiency of InGaN-based green and yellow-green light emitters remains relatively low, and that limits progress in developing full color display, laser diodes, and bright light sources for general lighting. The low efficiency of light emitting devices in the green-to-yellow spectral range, also known as the “Green Gap”, is considered a global concern in the LED industry. The polar c-plane orientation of GaN, which is the mainstay in the LED industry, suffers from polarization-induced separation of electrons and hole wavefunctions (also known as the “quantum confined Stark effect”) and low indium incorporation efficiency that …

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Epr Paradox, Nonlocality, And Entanglement In Multi-Qubit Systems, Raja Emlik Jan 2016

Epr Paradox, Nonlocality, And Entanglement In Multi-Qubit Systems, Raja Emlik

Theses and Dissertations (Comprehensive)

Bell inequalities were formulated by John Bell to test the possible violation of local realistic theories by quantum mechanical systems. It was shown that entangled quantu-m states of multiple particles violate various Bell’s inequalities. This proved that quan-tum mechanics allows correlations between spatially separated systems that have no classical analogue. The main focus of this work is to investigate genuine multiqubit non-locality in families of entangled 3 and 4-qubit pure states by studying a Bell-type inequality that is violated only if all qubits are non-locally correlated. We numerically study the relationship between entanglement and violation of the Svetlichny Bell-type inequality. …

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