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Articles 241 - 262 of 262

Full-Text Articles in Elementary Particles and Fields and String Theory

Beam-Helicity Asymmetries In Double-Charged-Pion Photoproduction On The Proton, H. Bagdasaryan, M. Bektasoglu, S. Bültmann, Gail Dodge, N. Guler, C. E. Hyde-Wright, H. G. Juengst, A. Klein, S. E. Kuhn, L. M. Qin, W. Roberts, F. Sabatié, S. Tkachenko, L. B. Weinstein, J. Yun, J. Zhang, Et Al., Clas Collaboration Jan 2005

Beam-Helicity Asymmetries In Double-Charged-Pion Photoproduction On The Proton, H. Bagdasaryan, M. Bektasoglu, S. Bültmann, Gail Dodge, N. Guler, C. E. Hyde-Wright, H. G. Juengst, A. Klein, S. E. Kuhn, L. M. Qin, W. Roberts, F. Sabatié, S. Tkachenko, L. B. Weinstein, J. Yun, J. Zhang, Et Al., Clas Collaboration

Physics Faculty Publications

Beam-helicity asymmetries for the two-pion-photoproduction reaction 𝛾⃗p → p π+π- have been studied for the first time in the resonance region for center-of-mass energies between 1.35 and 2.30 GeV. The experiment was performed at Jefferson Lab with the CEBAF Large Acceptance Spectrometer using circularly polarized tagged photons incident on an unpolarized hydrogen target. Beam-helicity-dependent angular distributions of the final-state particles were measured. The large cross-section asymmetries exhibit strong sensitivity to the kinematics and dynamics of the reaction. The data are compared with the results of various phenomenological model calculations, and show that these models currently do not …


Exclusive Ρ0 Meson Electroproduction From Hydrogen At Clas, C. Hadjidakis, M. Guidal, M. Garçon, J.-M. Laget, E. S. Smith, M. Vanderhaeghen, G. Adams, P. Ambrozewicz, E. Anciant, M. Anghinolfi, H. Bagdasaryan, K. V. Dharmawardane, G. E. Dodge, T. A. Forest, G. Gavalian, M. Guler, C. E. Hyde-Wright, A. Klein, A. V. Klimenko, S. E. Kuhn, R. A. Niyazov, L. M. Qin, F. Sabatie, L. B. Weinstein, J. Yun Jan 2005

Exclusive Ρ0 Meson Electroproduction From Hydrogen At Clas, C. Hadjidakis, M. Guidal, M. Garçon, J.-M. Laget, E. S. Smith, M. Vanderhaeghen, G. Adams, P. Ambrozewicz, E. Anciant, M. Anghinolfi, H. Bagdasaryan, K. V. Dharmawardane, G. E. Dodge, T. A. Forest, G. Gavalian, M. Guler, C. E. Hyde-Wright, A. Klein, A. V. Klimenko, S. E. Kuhn, R. A. Niyazov, L. M. Qin, F. Sabatie, L. B. Weinstein, J. Yun

Physics Faculty Publications

The longitudinal and transverse components of the cross section for the ep e′ 0 reaction were measured in Hall B at Jefferson Laboratory using the CLAS detector. The data were taken with a 4.247 GeV electron beam and were analyzed in a range of xB from 0.2 to 0.6 and of Q2 from 1.5 to 3.0 GeV2. The data are compared to a Regge model based on effective hadronic degrees of freedom and to a calculation based on Generalized Parton Distributions. It is found that, at our lowest xB values, the transverse part of the …


Global Analysis Of Data On The Proton Structure Function G₁ And The Extraction Of Its Moments, M. Osipenko, S. Simula, W. Melnitchouk, P. Bosted, V. Burkert, E. Christy, K. Griffioen, C. Keppel, S. Kuhn, G. Ricco Jan 2005

Global Analysis Of Data On The Proton Structure Function G₁ And The Extraction Of Its Moments, M. Osipenko, S. Simula, W. Melnitchouk, P. Bosted, V. Burkert, E. Christy, K. Griffioen, C. Keppel, S. Kuhn, G. Ricco

Physics Faculty Publications

Inspired by recent measurements with the CLAS detector at Jefferson Lab, we perform a self-consistent analysis of world data on the proton structure function g1 in the range 0.17 < Q2 < 30 (GeV/c)2. We compute for the first time low-order moments of g, and study their evolution from small to large values of Q2. The analysis includes the latest data on both the unpolarized inclusive cross sections and the ratio R = σ LT from Jefferson Lab, as well as a new model for the transverse asymmetry A2 in the resonance region. The contributions of …


Inclusive And Exclusive Compton Processes In Quantum Chromodynamics, A. Psaker Jan 2005

Inclusive And Exclusive Compton Processes In Quantum Chromodynamics, A. Psaker

Physics Theses & Dissertations

In our work, we describe two types of Compton processes. As an example of an inclusive process, we consider the high-energy photoproduction of massive muon pairs off the nucleon. We analyze the process in the framework of the QCD parton model, in which the usual parton distributions emerge as a tool to describe the nucleon in terms of quark and gluonic degrees of freedom. To study its exclusive version, a new class of phenomenological functions is required, namely, generalized parton distributions. They can be considered as a generalization of the usual parton distributions measured in deeply inelastic lepton-nucleon scattering. Generalized …


Some Aspects Of Deeply Virtual Compton Scattering, Elena Kuchina Apr 2004

Some Aspects Of Deeply Virtual Compton Scattering, Elena Kuchina

Physics Theses & Dissertations

We consider different aspects of the virtual Compton amplitude in QCD on two examples: small-x physics accessible in the Regge regime and twist-3 approximation in the description of DVCS through the general parton distributions. Using this model, we give an estimate for the cross section of deeply virtual Compton scattering for the kinematics of CEBAF at Jefferson Lab.


Measurement Of The Electric Form Factor Of The Neutron At Q² = 0.5 And 1.0 Gev²/C², Jefferson Lab E93-026 Collaboration, G. Warren, F. Wesselmann, H. Zhu, A. Klimenko, S. E. Kuhn, L. Yuan, J. Yun, B. Zihlmann, Et Al. Jan 2004

Measurement Of The Electric Form Factor Of The Neutron At Q² = 0.5 And 1.0 Gev²/C², Jefferson Lab E93-026 Collaboration, G. Warren, F. Wesselmann, H. Zhu, A. Klimenko, S. E. Kuhn, L. Yuan, J. Yun, B. Zihlmann, Et Al.

Physics Faculty Publications

The electric form factor of the neutron was determined from measurements of the d( e, e'n)p reaction for quasielastic kinematics. Polarized electrons were scattered off a polarized deuterated ammonia (15ND3) target in which the deuteron polarization was perpendicular to the momentum transfer. The scattered electrons were detected in a magnetic spectrometer in coincidence with neutrons in a large solid angle detector. We find GnE =0.0526 ± 0.0033(stat) ± 0.0026(sys) and 0.0454 ± 0.0054 ± 0.0037 at Q2=0.5 and 1.0 (GeV/c)2, respectively.


Final State Interaction Effects In 3He (E→, E' P), C. Carasco, J. Bermuth, P. Merle, P. Bartsch, D. Baumann, R. Böhm, D. Bosnar, M. Ding, M. O. Distler, A. Klein Jan 2003

Final State Interaction Effects In 3He (E→, E' P), C. Carasco, J. Bermuth, P. Merle, P. Bartsch, D. Baumann, R. Böhm, D. Bosnar, M. Ding, M. O. Distler, A. Klein

Physics Faculty Publications

Asymmetries in quasi-elastic 3He(e→, e 'p) have been measured at a momentum transfer of 0.67 (GeV/c)2 and are compared to a calculation which takes into account relativistic kinematics in the final state and a relativistic one-body current operator. With an exact solution of the Faddeev equation for the 3He-ground state and an approximate treatment offinal state interactions in the continuum good agreement is found with the experimental data.


First Measurement Of Transferred Polarization In The Exclusive E P → E'K+ →Λ, M. Bektasoglu, K. V. Dharmawardane, G. E. Dodge, T. A. Forest, C. E. Hyde-Wright, A. V. Klimenko, S. E. Kuhn, R. A. Niyazov, L. M. Qin, L. B. Weinstein, J. Yun Jan 2003

First Measurement Of Transferred Polarization In The Exclusive →E P → E'K+ →Λ, M. Bektasoglu, K. V. Dharmawardane, G. E. Dodge, T. A. Forest, C. E. Hyde-Wright, A. V. Klimenko, S. E. Kuhn, R. A. Niyazov, L. M. Qin, L. B. Weinstein, J. Yun

Physics Faculty Publications

The first measurements of the transferred polarization for the exclusive ep → e'K+ Λ over right arrow reaction have been performed at Jefferson Laboratory using the CLAS spectrometer. A 2.567 GeV beam was used to measure the hyperon polarization over Q2 from 0.3 to 1.5 (GeV/c)2, W from 1.6 to 2.15 GeV, and over the full K+ center-of-mass angular range. Comparison with predictions of hadrodynamic models indicates strong sensitivity to the underlying resonance contributions. A nonrelativistic quark-model interpretation of our data suggests that the s -s quark pair is produced with spins predominantly …


Precision Measurement Of The Proton And Deuteron Spin Structure Functions G2 And Asymmetries A2, P. L. Anthony, R. G. Arnold, T. Averett, H. R. Band, N. Benmouna, W. Boeglin, H. Borel, P. E. Bosted, S. L. Bültmann, G. R. Court, C. E. Hyde-Wright, S. E. Kuhn, F. Sabatie, F. R. Wesselmann Jan 2003

Precision Measurement Of The Proton And Deuteron Spin Structure Functions G2 And Asymmetries A2, P. L. Anthony, R. G. Arnold, T. Averett, H. R. Band, N. Benmouna, W. Boeglin, H. Borel, P. E. Bosted, S. L. Bültmann, G. R. Court, C. E. Hyde-Wright, S. E. Kuhn, F. Sabatie, F. R. Wesselmann

Physics Faculty Publications

We have measured the spin struction functions g2(p) and g(2)(d) and the virtual photon asymmetries A(2)(p) and A(2)(d) over the kinetmatic range 0.02 less than or equal to x less than or equal to 0.8 and 0.7 less than or equal to Q2 less than or equal to 20 GeV2 by scattering 29.1 and 32.3 GeV longitudinally polarized electrons from transversely polarized NH3 and (LiD)-Li-6 targets. Our measured g2 approximately follows the twist-2 Wandzura-Wilczek calculation. The twist-3 reduced matrix elements d(2)(p) and d(2)(n) are less than two standard deviations from zero. The data are inconsistent with the Burkhardt-Cottingham …


The Neutron Charge Form Factor And Target Analyzing Powers From 3He (E→, E 'N) Scattering, J. Bermuth, P. Merle, C. Carasco, D. Baumann, R. Böhm, D. Bosnar, M. Ding, M. O. Distler, J. Friedrich, A. Klein Jan 2003

The Neutron Charge Form Factor And Target Analyzing Powers From 3He (E→, E 'N) Scattering, J. Bermuth, P. Merle, C. Carasco, D. Baumann, R. Böhm, D. Bosnar, M. Ding, M. O. Distler, J. Friedrich, A. Klein

Physics Faculty Publications

The charge form factor of the neutron has been determined from asymmetries measured in quasi-elastic 3He(e→, e 'n) at a momentum transfer of 0.67 (GeV/c)2. In addition, the target analyzing power, Ayo has been measured to study effects of final state interactions and mespn exchange currents.


Ep → Ep Π⁰ Reaction Studied In The Δ(1232) Mass Region Using Polarization Asymmetries, M. Bektasoglu, L. Ciciani, K.V. Dharmawardane, G. E. Dodge, T.A. Forest, C.E. Hyde-Wright, A. Klein, A. V. Klimenko, S. E. Kuhn, S. Stepanyan, L. B. Weinstein, Et Al., Clas Collaboration Jan 2003

Ep → Ep Π⁰ Reaction Studied In The Δ(1232) Mass Region Using Polarization Asymmetries, M. Bektasoglu, L. Ciciani, K.V. Dharmawardane, G. E. Dodge, T.A. Forest, C.E. Hyde-Wright, A. Klein, A. V. Klimenko, S. E. Kuhn, S. Stepanyan, L. B. Weinstein, Et Al., Clas Collaboration

Physics Faculty Publications

Measurements of the angular distributions of target and double-spin asymmetries for the Δ+(1232) in the exclusive channel p(e,e'p)π0 obtained at the Jefferson Lab in the Q2 range from 0.5 to 1.5 GeV2/c2 are presented. Results of the asymmetries are compared with the unitary isobar model [D. Drechsel , Nucl. Phys. A645, 145 (1999)], dynamical models [T. Sato and T. S. Lee, Phys. Rev. C 54, 2660 (1996); S. S. Kamalov , Phys. Lett. B 27, 522 (2001)], and the effective Lagrangian theory [R. M. Davidson , Phys. Rev. …


Negative-Parity Baryon Masses Using An O(A)-Improved Fermion Action, M. Göckeler, R. Horsley, D. Pleiter, P. E. L. Rakow, G. Schierholz, C. M. Maynard, D. G. Richards Jan 2002

Negative-Parity Baryon Masses Using An O(A)-Improved Fermion Action, M. Göckeler, R. Horsley, D. Pleiter, P. E. L. Rakow, G. Schierholz, C. M. Maynard, D. G. Richards

Physics Faculty Publications

We present a calculation of the mass of the lowest-lying negative-parity J=1/2− state in quenched QCD. Results are obtained using a non-perturbatively O(a)-improved clover fermion action, and a splitting is found between the mass of the nucleon, and its parity partner. The calculation is performed on two lattice volumes and at three lattice spacings, enabling a study of both finite-volume and finite lattice-spacing uncertainties. A comparison is made with results obtained using the unimproved Wilson fermion action.


Publisher's Note: Η Photoproduction On The Proton For Photon Energies From 0.75 To 1.95 Gev [Phys. Rev. Lett. 89, 222002 (2002)], M. Bektasoglu, K. V. Dharmawardane, G. E. Dodge, C. E. Hyde-Wright, A. Klein, S. E. Kuhn, R. A. Niyazov, S. Stepanyan, L. B. Weinstein, Et Al., Clas Collaboration Jan 2002

Publisher's Note: Η Photoproduction On The Proton For Photon Energies From 0.75 To 1.95 Gev [Phys. Rev. Lett. 89, 222002 (2002)], M. Bektasoglu, K. V. Dharmawardane, G. E. Dodge, C. E. Hyde-Wright, A. Klein, S. E. Kuhn, R. A. Niyazov, S. Stepanyan, L. B. Weinstein, Et Al., Clas Collaboration

Physics Faculty Publications

No abstract provided.


Η Photoproduction On The Proton For Photon Energies From 0.75 To 1.95 Gev, M. Bektasoglu, K. V. Dharmawardane, G. E. Dodge, C. E. Hyde-Wright, A. Klein, S. E. Kuhn, S. Stepanyan, J. Yun, Et Al., Clas Collaboration Jan 2002

Η Photoproduction On The Proton For Photon Energies From 0.75 To 1.95 Gev, M. Bektasoglu, K. V. Dharmawardane, G. E. Dodge, C. E. Hyde-Wright, A. Klein, S. E. Kuhn, S. Stepanyan, J. Yun, Et Al., Clas Collaboration

Physics Faculty Publications

Differential cross sections for γp→ηp have been measured with tagged real photons for incident photon energies from 0.75 to 1.95 GeV. Mesons were identified by missing mass reconstruction using kinematical information for protons scattered in the production process. The data provide the first extensive angular distribution measurements for the process above W = 1.75  GeV. Comparison with preliminary results from a constituent quark model support the suggestion that a third S11 resonance with mass ∼1.8  GeV couples to the ηN channel.


Effective Field Theory For The Small-X Evolution, I. Balitsky Jan 2001

Effective Field Theory For The Small-X Evolution, I. Balitsky

Physics Faculty Publications

The small-x behavior of structure functions in the saturation region is determined by the non-linear generalization of the BFKL equation. I suggest the effective field theory for the small-x evolution which solves formally this equation. The result is the 2+1 functional integral for the structure functions at small x.


Corrected Article: Exclusive Electroproduction Of ᵠ Mesons At 4.2 Gev [Physical. Rev. C 63, 065205, (2001)], M. Bektasoglu, L. Ciciani, G. E. Dodge, T. A. Forest, C. E. Hyde-Wright, S. E. Kuhn, L. M. Qin, F. Sabatié, L. B. Weinstein, Et Al., The Clas Collaboration Jan 2001

Corrected Article: Exclusive Electroproduction Of ᵠ Mesons At 4.2 Gev [Physical. Rev. C 63, 065205, (2001)], M. Bektasoglu, L. Ciciani, G. E. Dodge, T. A. Forest, C. E. Hyde-Wright, S. E. Kuhn, L. M. Qin, F. Sabatié, L. B. Weinstein, Et Al., The Clas Collaboration

Physics Faculty Publications

We studied the exclusive reaction ep → e' p' ᵠ using the ᵠ →K+K- decay mode. The data were collected using a 4.2 GeV incident electron beam and the CEBAF Large Acceptance Spectrometer (CLAS) at the Thomas Jefferson National Accelerator Facility. Our experiment covers the range in Q2 from 0.7 to 2.2 GeV2and W from 2.0 to 2.6 GeV. Taken together with all previous data, we find a consistent picture of ᵠ production on the proton. Our measurement shows the expected decrease of the t slope with the vector-meson formation time c Δ t …


Generalized Compton Amplitudes In Quantum Chromodynamics, Ignati Grigentch Apr 2000

Generalized Compton Amplitudes In Quantum Chromodynamics, Ignati Grigentch

Physics Theses & Dissertations

In this dissertation we describe results of our studies of generalized Compton amplitudes. We have calculated the one-loop corrections to the amplitude in the coordinate representation in terms of nonlocal string light-ray operators. We have also developed a consistent approach to the problem of constructing the gauge invariant Compton amplitude and obtained an expression for the explicitly gauge invariant amplitude which includes all the generalized target-mass corrections.


Precision Measurement Of The Spin Structure Of The Proton And The Deuteron, Frank R. Wesselmann Apr 2000

Precision Measurement Of The Spin Structure Of The Proton And The Deuteron, Frank R. Wesselmann

Physics Theses & Dissertations

Experiment E155 at the Stanford Linear Accelerator Center measured the spin structure functions g1 and g2 of the proton and deuteron using deep inelastic scattering of 50 GeV polarized electrons from dynamically polarized, solid 15NH3 and 6LiD targets. Three independent spectrometers, covering a large kinematic region, 0.014 < xBjorken < 0.9 and 1 < Q2 < 40 (GeV /c)2, detected 200 million events. A fully self-consistent and statistically sound approach to calculating radiative corrections was developed, providing well-defined statistical errors for the E155 data set. Also, a comprehensive fit to the global data set was created which simultaneously …


The Use Of Operator Regularization In The Computation Of Effective Field Theories, Jeffrey M. Hersh Jul 1997

The Use Of Operator Regularization In The Computation Of Effective Field Theories, Jeffrey M. Hersh

Physics Theses & Dissertations

Current methods of computing low-energy effective field theories while being accurate are extremely cumbersome co implement. Operator regularization provides a way to calculate any desired effective field theory avoiding the tediousness of previous methods. This technique is shown to be an effective method in explicitly calculating the 1/mheavy corrections that match an original full theory to its low-energy effective counterpart. This is demonstrated up to two loop order for the case of a charged two field θ{4}{4} theory as well as up to one loop order for the Higgs sector of the Minimal Supersymmetric Model. Additionally, the renormalization …


Inclusive Electron Scattering From Nuclei At X≃1, J. Arrington, P. Anthony, R. G. Arnold, E. J. Beise, J. E. Belz, P. E. Bosted, H.- J. Bulten, M. S. Chapman, K. P. Coulter, F. Dietrich, R. Ent, M. Epstein, B. W. Filippone, H. Gao, R. A. Gearhart, D. F. Geesaman, J.- O. Hansen, R. J. Holt, H. E. Jackson, C. E. Jones, C. E. Keppel, E. R. Kinney, S. Kuhn, K. Lee, W. Lorenzon, A. Lung, N.C.R. Malkins, D. J. Margaziotis, R. D. Mckeown, R. G. Milner, B. Mueller, J. Napolitano, J. Nelson, T.G. O'Neill, V. Papavassiliou, G. G. Petratos, D. H. Potterveld, S. E. Rock, M. Spengos, Z. M. Szalata, L. H. Tao, K. Van Bibber, J.F.J. Van Den Brand, J. L. White, D. Winter, B. Zeidman Jan 1996

Inclusive Electron Scattering From Nuclei At X≃1, J. Arrington, P. Anthony, R. G. Arnold, E. J. Beise, J. E. Belz, P. E. Bosted, H.- J. Bulten, M. S. Chapman, K. P. Coulter, F. Dietrich, R. Ent, M. Epstein, B. W. Filippone, H. Gao, R. A. Gearhart, D. F. Geesaman, J.- O. Hansen, R. J. Holt, H. E. Jackson, C. E. Jones, C. E. Keppel, E. R. Kinney, S. Kuhn, K. Lee, W. Lorenzon, A. Lung, N.C.R. Malkins, D. J. Margaziotis, R. D. Mckeown, R. G. Milner, B. Mueller, J. Napolitano, J. Nelson, T.G. O'Neill, V. Papavassiliou, G. G. Petratos, D. H. Potterveld, S. E. Rock, M. Spengos, Z. M. Szalata, L. H. Tao, K. Van Bibber, J.F.J. Van Den Brand, J. L. White, D. Winter, B. Zeidman

Physics Faculty Publications

The inclusive A(e,e') cross section for x≃1 was measured on 2H, C, Fe, and Au for momentum transfers Q2 from 1 to 6.8 (GeV/c)2. The scaling behavior of the data was examined in the region of transition from y scaling to x scaling. Throughout this transitional region, the data exhibit ξ scaling, reminiscent of the Bloom-Gilman duality seen in free nucleon scattering.


Evidence For Virtual Compton Scattering From Proton, J.F.J. Van Den Brand, R. Ent, P. L. Anthony, R. G. Arnold, J. Arrington, E. J. Beise, J. E. Belz, P. E. Bosted, H. J. Bulten, M. S. Chapman, K. P. Coulter, F. S. Dietrich, M. Epstein, B. W. Filippone, H. Gao, R. A. Gearhart, D. F. Geesaman, J.-O. Hansen, R. J. Holt, H. E. Jackson, C. E. Jones, C. E. Keppel, E. R. Kinney, S. Kuhn, K. Lee, W. Lorenzon, A. Lung, N.C.R. Makins, D.J. Margaziotis, R.D. Mckeown, R.G. Milner, B. Mueller, J. Napolitano, J. Nelson, T. G. O'Neill, V. Pavavassiliou, G. G. Petratos, D. H. Potterveld, S. E. Rock, M. Spengos, Z. M. Szalata, L. H. Tao, K Van Bibber, D. A. Wasson, J.L. White, B. Zeidman Jan 1995

Evidence For Virtual Compton Scattering From Proton, J.F.J. Van Den Brand, R. Ent, P. L. Anthony, R. G. Arnold, J. Arrington, E. J. Beise, J. E. Belz, P. E. Bosted, H. J. Bulten, M. S. Chapman, K. P. Coulter, F. S. Dietrich, M. Epstein, B. W. Filippone, H. Gao, R. A. Gearhart, D. F. Geesaman, J.-O. Hansen, R. J. Holt, H. E. Jackson, C. E. Jones, C. E. Keppel, E. R. Kinney, S. Kuhn, K. Lee, W. Lorenzon, A. Lung, N.C.R. Makins, D.J. Margaziotis, R.D. Mckeown, R.G. Milner, B. Mueller, J. Napolitano, J. Nelson, T. G. O'Neill, V. Pavavassiliou, G. G. Petratos, D. H. Potterveld, S. E. Rock, M. Spengos, Z. M. Szalata, L. H. Tao, K Van Bibber, D. A. Wasson, J.L. White, B. Zeidman

Physics Faculty Publications

In virtual Compton scattering an electron is scattered off a nucleon such that the nucleon emits a photon. We show that these events can be selected experimentally, and present the first evidence for virtual Compton scattering from the proton in data obtained at the Stanford Linear Accelerator Center. The angular and energy dependence of the data is well described by a calculation that includes the coherent sum of electron and proton radiation.


Excitation Of Hydrogen Atoms By Fast Protons, Edward Ellis Fitchard Jan 1970

Excitation Of Hydrogen Atoms By Fast Protons, Edward Ellis Fitchard

Physics Theses & Dissertations

In this thesis a theoretical study is made of excitation of hydrogenic atom by charged particles such as protons or electrons. The approximation to the cross section for an inelastic scattering process is obtained under the following radically simplifying assumptions. The projectile is represented in its initial and final state by plane waves. All distortions are neglected whether they originate in an inelastic process or an elastic deflections of the charged particle by the nucleus. The perturbation of the atomic orbits between which the projectile induces transitions is neglected. Nonrelativistic hydrogenic wave functions are used for the electronic states. In …