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2013

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Full-Text Articles in Physics

Relevansi Soft Skill Yang Dibutuhkan Dunia Usaha/Industri Dengan Yang Dibelajarkan Di Sekolah Menengah Kejuruan, Didik Suryanto Sep 2013

Relevansi Soft Skill Yang Dibutuhkan Dunia Usaha/Industri Dengan Yang Dibelajarkan Di Sekolah Menengah Kejuruan, Didik Suryanto

Jurnal Pendidikan Sains

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mendeskripsikan relevansi soft skill yang dibutuhkan oleh dunia usaha dan industri dengan soft skill yang dibelajarkan di Sekolah Menengah Kejuruan (SMK) di Kabupaten Blitar. Instrumen penelitian yang digunakan berupa angket atau kuesioner. Data dianalisis menggunakan teknik analisis deskriptif kuantitatif. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa terdapat sejumlah soft skill yang relevan antara kebutuhan dunia usaha/industri dan pembelajaran di SMK menurut persepsi guru dan siswa, yaitu: (a) kejujuran dan sikap perilaku yang baik, (b) rasa tanggung jawab, (c) disiplin waktu, (d) kemampuan bekerja secara aman, (e) ketangguhan atau kegigihan dalam bekerja, (f) kemampuan mengatasi stres, (g) kemandirian atau tidak …


Penggunaan Media Bangun Geometri Untuk Menanamkan Konsep Penjumlahan Pecahan, Nanik Ulfa Sep 2013

Penggunaan Media Bangun Geometri Untuk Menanamkan Konsep Penjumlahan Pecahan, Nanik Ulfa

Jurnal Pendidikan Sains

Pemahaman konsep merupakan aspek penting dalam pembelajaran matematika. Untuk menanamkan pemahaman konsep pada siswa yang masih berada pada tahap berpikir konkret, diperlukan bantuan media pembelajaran yang akrab dengan siswa. Dalam penelitian ini, media yang digunakan adalah media bangun geometri bidang. Penggunaan media tersebut diharapkan mampu menciptakan suasana pembelajaran yang menyenangkan serta mendorong keterlibatan aktif siswa dalam proses pembelajaran. Pembelajaran dilaksanakan melalui tiga tahap, yaitu: (1) tahap awal untuk mengecek pengetahuan prasyarat siswa, (2) tahap inti, pada tahap ini siswa memanipulasi media bangun geometri sesuai dengan panduan dalam Lembar Kerja Siswa (LKS) yang disusun oleh peneliti, dan (3) tahap penutup, yaitu …


Pengembangan Media Pembelajaran Interaktif Untuk Membangun Pemahaman Konsep Garis Singgung Persekutuan Dua Lingkaran, Vivin Nur Afidah Sep 2013

Pengembangan Media Pembelajaran Interaktif Untuk Membangun Pemahaman Konsep Garis Singgung Persekutuan Dua Lingkaran, Vivin Nur Afidah

Jurnal Pendidikan Sains

Media pembelajaran interaktif yang dikembangkan adalah media pembelajaran interaktif yang dirancang berdasarkan karakteristik pembelajaran dengan bantuan komputer/Computer Assisted Instruction (CAI) tipe tutorial. Dirancang berdasarkan teori beban kognitif yaitu meminimalkan pemrosesan beban kognitif extraneous, mengatur pemrosesan beban kognitif intrinsic, dan mengembangkan pemrosesan beban kognitif germane. Penelitian pengembangan mengikuti model pengembangan 4D yaitu define (pendefinisian), design (perancangan), develop (pengembangan), dan disseminate (penyebarluasan). Simpulannya adalah (1) hasil validasi oleh ahli dan praktisi menilai media pembelajaran interaktif yang dikembangkan valid, (2) hasil pengamatan aktivitas guru dan siswa menunjukkan media pembelajaran interaktif memenuhi kriteria kepraktisan, (3) hasil kuis menunjukkan sebagian besar siswa mencapai tingkat pemahaman …


Pengembangan Buku Kerja Materi Eksponen Bercirikan Rme Untuk Siswa Smk Teknik, Sri Widowati Sep 2013

Pengembangan Buku Kerja Materi Eksponen Bercirikan Rme Untuk Siswa Smk Teknik, Sri Widowati

Jurnal Pendidikan Sains

Tujuan penelitian pengembangan ini adalah menghasilkan buku kerja berbahasa Inggris materi eksponen yang bercirikan Realistic Mathematics Education (RME) untuk siswa Sekolah Menengah Kejuruan (SMK) teknik kelas X serta memenuhi kriteria valid, praktis dan efektif. Proses validasi ahli dilakukan untuk mengetahui tingkat kevalidan buku kerja yang dihasilkan. Proses uji coba dilakukan untuk mengetahui tingkat kepraktisan dan keefektifan dari buku kerja yang dihasilkan. Berdasarkan proses validasi, diperoleh hasil bahwa buku kerja yang dihasilkan memenuhi kategori valid. Sedangkan dari proses uji coba diperoleh bahwa keterlaksanaan pembelajaran dengan menggunakan buku kerja berada pada kriteria praktis. Selain itu, rata-rata siswa memberikan respon positif dan hasil …


Pengaruh Model Pembelajaran Arias Dan Arias Dipadu Peta Konsep Terhadap Kemampuan Berpikir Kritis, Kognitif, Dan Afektif, Ismail Ismail Sep 2013

Pengaruh Model Pembelajaran Arias Dan Arias Dipadu Peta Konsep Terhadap Kemampuan Berpikir Kritis, Kognitif, Dan Afektif, Ismail Ismail

Jurnal Pendidikan Sains

Model pembelajaran Assurance, Relevance, Interest, Assessment, dan Satisfaction (ARIAS) dipadu peta konsep dapat meningkatkan kemampuan berpikir kritis, kognitif, dan afektif. Penelitian bertujuan untuk menguji pengaruh model pembelajaran ARIAS, ARIAS dipadu peta konsep, dan peta konsep terhadap kemampuan berpikir kritis, kognitif, dan afektif. Data penelitian dikumpulkan melalui tes uraian dan lembar observasi. Hasil analisis data menunjukkan bahwa nilai rata-rata kemampuan berpikir kritis, kognitif dan afektif untuk kelompok model pembelajaran ARIAS dipadu Peta Konsep tergolong kategori sangat baik, kelas perlakuan pembelajaran ARIAS, dan kelas perlakuan Peta Konsep termasuk kategori baik.


Keefektifan Gambar Statis, Gambar Dinamis Ball-And-Stick, Dan Model Molekul Sederhana Yang Dibuat Dari Jarum Pentul Pada Pembelajaran Bentuk Dan Kepolaran Molekul, Muhammad Ardiansyah Sep 2013

Keefektifan Gambar Statis, Gambar Dinamis Ball-And-Stick, Dan Model Molekul Sederhana Yang Dibuat Dari Jarum Pentul Pada Pembelajaran Bentuk Dan Kepolaran Molekul, Muhammad Ardiansyah

Jurnal Pendidikan Sains

Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk membandingkan keefektifan gambar statis, gambar dinamis ball-and-stick, dan model molekul sederhana dibuat dari jarum pentul ditinjau dari hasil belajar kognitif siswa pada pembelajaran bentuk dan kepolaran molekul. Data penelitian adalah skor hasil belajar kognitif siswa yang dikumpulkan dengan menggunakan tes pilihan ganda yang terdiri dari 35 item dengan validitas isi tes sebesar 87,6%, dan koefisien reliabilitas, dihitung dengan rumus KR-21, sebesar 0,90. Data penelitian dianalisis menggunakan statistik uji t. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa skor hasil belajar kognitif siswa yang diperoleh dari pembelajaran bentuk dan kepolaran molekul dengan menggunakan model molekul sederhana dibuat dari jarum pentul …


Diverse Electron-Induced Optical Emissions From Space Observatory Materials At Low Temperatures, Jr Dennison, Amberly Evans Jensen, Gregory Wilson, Justin Dekany, Charles W. Bowers, Robert H. Meloy Sep 2013

Diverse Electron-Induced Optical Emissions From Space Observatory Materials At Low Temperatures, Jr Dennison, Amberly Evans Jensen, Gregory Wilson, Justin Dekany, Charles W. Bowers, Robert H. Meloy

Conference Proceedings

Electron irradiation experiments have investigated the diverse electron-induced optical and electrical signatures observed in ground-based tests of various space observatory materials at low temperature. Three types of light emission were observed: (i); long-duration cathodoluminescence which persisted as long as the electron beam was on (ii) short-duration (<1 s) arcing, resulting from electrostatic discharge; and (iii) intermediate-duration (~100 s) glow—termed “flares”. We discuss how the electron currents and arcing—as well as light emission absolute intensity and frequency—depend on electron beam energy, power, and flux and the temperature and thickness of different bulk (polyimides, epoxy resins, and silica glasses) and composite dielectric materials (disordered SiO2 thin films, carbon- and fiberglass-epoxy composites, and macroscopically-conductive carbon-loaded polyimides). We conclude that electron-induced optical emissions resulting from interactions between observatory materials and the space environment electron flux can, in specific circumstances, make significant contributions to the stray light background that could possibly adversely affect the performance of space-based observatories.


Physics 2710 – Example Exam I, David Peak Sep 2013

Physics 2710 – Example Exam I, David Peak

Exams

No abstract provided.


Unique Rotating Platform For Acoustical Research, Richard T. Watkins, Dr. Tim Leishman Sep 2013

Unique Rotating Platform For Acoustical Research, Richard T. Watkins, Dr. Tim Leishman

Journal of Undergraduate Research

A few weeks into the development of this project, several factors became apparent that we did not anticipate when I wrote the original proposal. The table size needed to be larger than first envisioned to make possible the experiments and data collection that would be conducted with this device.


Novel Preparation And Single Crystal Analysis Of Layered Metal-Doped Vanadates, Jeffrey Watkins, Dr. Branton J. Campbell Sep 2013

Novel Preparation And Single Crystal Analysis Of Layered Metal-Doped Vanadates, Jeffrey Watkins, Dr. Branton J. Campbell

Journal of Undergraduate Research

Layered transition-metal-doped bismuth vanadates, commonly known as BIMEVOX oxides, have very attractive oxygen-ion conductivity properties at moderate temperatures and show promise in applications as electrode materials and membranes for oxygen separation. Of great interest is the relationship between the atomic structure of BIMEVOX materials and their useful physical properties. We are investigating this relationship in order to better understand which structural features produce the best ionic conductors. This research requires the preparation of pure powder and single-crystal samples. Here, we present a novel sol-gel synthesis procedure that reduces preparation time, reduces impurities and yields superior single-crystal samples.


Non-Commutative Simple Harmonic Oscillator, Mark Transtrum, Dr. Jean-Francois Van Huele Sep 2013

Non-Commutative Simple Harmonic Oscillator, Mark Transtrum, Dr. Jean-Francois Van Huele

Journal of Undergraduate Research

Non-commutative quantum mechanics is an active field of research in which the operators corresponding to different spatial dimensions are assumed to not commute, as a consequence of quantization of spacetime. This field is important because it investigates the relationships between fundamental physical ideas such as space, time, momentum, and position on very small scales and will provide the basis for experiments probing these small scales in the future. A well-known result from this field of research maps the simple harmonic oscillator (SHO) system in non-commutative coordinates into a corresponding system in normal quantum mechanics. The corresponding system is still a …


Detecting The L10 Phase In Iron Platinum Thin Films By Electron Diffraction, Daniel Richardson, Dr. Richard Vanfleet Sep 2013

Detecting The L10 Phase In Iron Platinum Thin Films By Electron Diffraction, Daniel Richardson, Dr. Richard Vanfleet

Journal of Undergraduate Research

Iron platinum is an exciting material being studied for its magnetic properties for possible use as the material in magnetic memory storage (e.g. hard drive). Why use iron platinum? In today’s technological world of ever decreasing dimensions, the hunt is on for mechanisms and materials that will allow electronic devices to become smaller and smaller. Using iron platinum, the physical space needed to store one bit of information is much smaller than space needed if using the current material. Imagine being able to store 100 bits of information per square centimeter as compared to only 10 bits.


Equalizing Sound Fields Using Energy Density, Micah Shepherd, Dr. Timothy Leishman Sep 2013

Equalizing Sound Fields Using Energy Density, Micah Shepherd, Dr. Timothy Leishman

Journal of Undergraduate Research

After becoming familiar with measurement techniques and equipment, I measured the pressure of the sound field in 5 cm increments between the frequencies of 50 and 1600 Hz inside an impedance tube with a rigid termination. I then analyzed this data and found that the sound field was not uniform and therefore, not ideal for listening. I also calculated the average mean squared pressure in the field. I then used the pressure data to estimate the particle velocity using Euler’s equation and found the total acoustic energy density. I compared these quantities and found that a single energy density measurement …


Quasi Phase Matching For Laser Second-Harmonic Generation In Glass, Nathan Powers, Dr. Justin Peatross Sep 2013

Quasi Phase Matching For Laser Second-Harmonic Generation In Glass, Nathan Powers, Dr. Justin Peatross

Journal of Undergraduate Research

Since the invention of lasers it has been possible to convert laser light into harmonics. This is a good way to achieve new shorter wavelengths of light. Unfortunately, all materials have a frequency-dependent refractive index that causes light of different frequencies to travel at different speeds. This means that the laser light which generates the harmonic waves travels at a different speed than the harmonics themselves. When this happens the waves can quickly get out of phase and the harmonics generated up stream cancel with those generated down stream. Good conversion in laser harmonic generation cannot be achieved in glass …


Pearson Web Portal, Nathaniel Powell, Dr. Steve Turley Sep 2013

Pearson Web Portal, Nathaniel Powell, Dr. Steve Turley

Journal of Undergraduate Research

So, when I was funded for this project I took seriously ill which dramatically reduced the amount of time I had to work on the project, but I was able to finish the rest of my classes recently and graduate.


Laser Beams And Zero Degrees: Professors Put Students In Touch With Physics Technology, Sergei Voronov, John Madsen Sep 2013

Laser Beams And Zero Degrees: Professors Put Students In Touch With Physics Technology, Sergei Voronov, John Madsen

Journal of Undergraduate Research

Three professors in the College of Physical and Mathematical Sciences at Brigham Young University are including undergraduate students in joint physics projects using the latest laser technology.


Diode Laser With Hertz-Level Stability For Atom Interferometry, Brian Neyenhuis, Dr. Dallin Durfee Sep 2013

Diode Laser With Hertz-Level Stability For Atom Interferometry, Brian Neyenhuis, Dr. Dallin Durfee

Journal of Undergraduate Research

Over the course of this grant we have completed the preliminary research for the first stabilization stage of our 657 nm diode laser. We have finished research on the theory behind our new extended cavity diode laser grating stabilization scheme, and were able to lock the laser to a high finesse cavity to determine the parameters necessary to build a next generation high speed lock circuit. We have also demonstrated the use of this laser in spectroscopic measurements of the Calcium clock transition.


Improved Extra Vehicular Activity By Use Of A Pressurized Martian Atmosphere, Simeon A. Ning, Dr. David D. Allred Sep 2013

Improved Extra Vehicular Activity By Use Of A Pressurized Martian Atmosphere, Simeon A. Ning, Dr. David D. Allred

Journal of Undergraduate Research

In preparing for a manned mission to Mars, one problem that needs to be addressed is how to do servicing, building and maintenance work on Mars. This problem is related to space suit design. Past NASA explorations have used full pressure suits (FPS). These suits are well designed to provide sufficient partial pressure of oxygen for the astronauts to breathe. This allows the astronauts to survive for limited amounts of time in low pressure, oxygen-poor, cold environments. The downside is that the pressure differential created by the suit makes movement awkward and the large helmet makes visibility low. In addition …


Dna/Rna Conductivity, Kaylee Sill (Mcelroy), Dr. Robert Davis Sep 2013

Dna/Rna Conductivity, Kaylee Sill (Mcelroy), Dr. Robert Davis

Journal of Undergraduate Research

Determining properties of DNA and RNA, such as conductivity of the strands, could be essential in the development of bioelectronics. Both DNA and RNA have pi bonds, which form when an electron is ‘shared’ between multiple atoms. The electrons forming pi bonds may be able to flow through a DNA strand much like electrons flow through wires when a voltage difference is introduced across the ends of the DNA strand. Some of the major difficulties in doing this for other researchers have been laying the stand across the electrodes and characterizing the connection between the electrode and the DNA. If …


The Electronic Properties Of Dna, Richard Marsh, Dr. James P. Lewis Sep 2013

The Electronic Properties Of Dna, Richard Marsh, Dr. James P. Lewis

Journal of Undergraduate Research

In the world today there is an immense interest in the field of nanotechnology. One particularly unique aspect is molecular electronics. The ability to take one molecule and use it as a transistor has vast applications. While the transistors on our current computers are on the order of micrometer, a molecular wire has the capability of taking transistors into the nanometer region. Such a development would drastically increase computer speed and make the next generation of computers more compact and more manageable. One possible nano-wire is DNA. DNA has several electronic properties that could possibly render it into an excellent …


Broadband Active Noise Control For Small Axial Fans, Scott Jensen, Dr. Scott Sommerfeldt Sep 2013

Broadband Active Noise Control For Small Axial Fans, Scott Jensen, Dr. Scott Sommerfeldt

Journal of Undergraduate Research

The problem of actively reducing noise from a small axial fan, a.k.a. a computer fan, is a complicated and difficult problem. A team of several BYU students have been working on the problem for about four years now. About a year ago, we started to solve the problem of reducing broadband noise from computer fans.


X-Ray Photoelectron Spectroscopy To Examine Molecular Composition, Amy Baker, Dr. Steve Turley Sep 2013

X-Ray Photoelectron Spectroscopy To Examine Molecular Composition, Amy Baker, Dr. Steve Turley

Journal of Undergraduate Research

The extreme ultraviolet (EUV) spectrum is becoming increasingly important. Its most promising applications include lithography for integrated circuits, space-based astronomy, and medical microscopes. Unfortunately, the optical constants of materials, particularly heavy metals, in this range are not well known. This work examines the molecular composition and oxidation rate and depth of thorium. Most of our data is collected through the use of X-ray Photoelectron Spectroscopy (XPS). XPS utilizes the photoelectric effect to obtain data about the exact composition of our material. X-rays are directed at the surface in question, colliding with and dispelling electrons from different energy levels of atoms. …


Relative Binding Affinity Of Non-Occupied And Single-Ion-Occupied Acetylcholinesterase With Acetylcholine, Scott Hollingshaus, Dr. James P. Lewis Sep 2013

Relative Binding Affinity Of Non-Occupied And Single-Ion-Occupied Acetylcholinesterase With Acetylcholine, Scott Hollingshaus, Dr. James P. Lewis

Journal of Undergraduate Research

Trans-membrane channels are the highway mechanisms of biological cells. Through these channels, cells transfer information in the form of ions and other molecules. These transferred materials are called permeating ions. It is well known that most channels work on the principles of size, shape, and charge. Charged channels allow permeating ions of the opposite charge and appropriate shape to pass, while similarly charged ions cannot pass. However, the fluid inside and outside a cell contains many atomic ions, such as sodium (Na+) ions. Because these atomic ions are both small and charged they are able to fit through many different …


Determining Optical Constants For Tho2 Thin Films Sputtered Under Different Bias Voltages From 1.2 To 6.5 Ev By Spectroscopic Ellipsometry, William Ray Evans, Dr. David Allred Sep 2013

Determining Optical Constants For Tho2 Thin Films Sputtered Under Different Bias Voltages From 1.2 To 6.5 Ev By Spectroscopic Ellipsometry, William Ray Evans, Dr. David Allred

Journal of Undergraduate Research

The Extreme Ultraviolet (EUV), that portion of the spectrum with photon energies of ~30 to ~300 eV is a scientifically interesting part of the spectrum for many reasons.


High Temperature Vapor Cell For Calcium Absorption Spectroscopy, Christopher Erickson, Dr. Dallin Durfee Sep 2013

High Temperature Vapor Cell For Calcium Absorption Spectroscopy, Christopher Erickson, Dr. Dallin Durfee

Journal of Undergraduate Research

We have designed, built, and troubleshot a unique calcium vapor cell for use in the development of a dual-species optical frequency standard with stability on the order of one part in 10-16. This vapor cell’s unique design and high temperature allow for the creation of a high-density calcium vapor for spectroscopy on the 1So – 3P1 intercombination line in calcium. The relative uncertainty of a laser wavelength locked to the 1So – 3P1 transition in calcium can reach one part in 10-13 and can then be used in tuning a second laser of a narrower line width to create the …


Orca Final Report: Fingerprinting The Α And Γ Phases Of Alumina Using Electron Energy-Loss Spectroscopy, David Cullen, Dr. Richard Vanfleet Sep 2013

Orca Final Report: Fingerprinting The Α And Γ Phases Of Alumina Using Electron Energy-Loss Spectroscopy, David Cullen, Dr. Richard Vanfleet

Journal of Undergraduate Research

The alpha, gamma, and kappa phases of aluminum oxide were analyzed using transmission electron microscopy. Micro- and nano-powders of alpha and gamma alumina were donated by Dr. Bartholomew of the BYU Chemical Engineering Department and Alpha Aesar. Kappa phase alumina nanopowders were generated by annealing from a gibbsite powder donated by Nabaltec. Electron energy-loss spectrum (EELS) with an energy resolution of 0.4 eV were recorded for the alpha and gamma phase. This energy resolution was achieved using a Tecnai F20 Analytical Scanning Transmission Electron Microscope (STEM) equipped with a monochromator, Gatan energy filter (GIF) and high resolution spectrometer in STEM …


Development Of Algorithms For The Manipulation Of Non-Commutative Structures In Quantum Theory, Mark Transtrum, Dr. Jean-Francois Van Huele Sep 2013

Development Of Algorithms For The Manipulation Of Non-Commutative Structures In Quantum Theory, Mark Transtrum, Dr. Jean-Francois Van Huele

Journal of Undergraduate Research

Quantum mechanics is one of the fundamental theories of physics. Its formal mathematical description is marked by the appearance of non-commutative operators. The non-commutativity provides a rich mathematical language appropriate for describing quantum theory. The commutator of two operators is defined as the difference between the product of the two operators and the product in reverse order. The commutator plays a foundational role in the theory of quantum mechanics. For example, in the Heisenberg picture, the time evolution of an operator is determined by its commutator with the Hamiltonian operator. Also, normal ordering (an important problem in quantum optics) is …


Calibration Of An X-Ray Spectrometer, Michael Johnson, Dr. Scott Bergeson Sep 2013

Calibration Of An X-Ray Spectrometer, Michael Johnson, Dr. Scott Bergeson

Journal of Undergraduate Research

Cell phones, computers, and other electronics seem to get smaller while their speed and efficiency seem to increase—proving that bigger is not better in this realm. One of the main technologies that has been driving these improvements is lithography, the process by which light is used to etch out the component features on the microchips. Improvements in lithography techniques lead to smaller and faster chips. One of the current ideas to improve lithography is to use x-rays, which have a smaller wavelength and will print smaller features. My research is focused on calibrating a spectrometer that will monitor x-ray sources …


Phylogenetic Analysis Of Chroococcidiopsis, Brittany Renshaw, Dr. David Allred Sep 2013

Phylogenetic Analysis Of Chroococcidiopsis, Brittany Renshaw, Dr. David Allred

Journal of Undergraduate Research

My research has focused on a genus of endolithic cyanobacteria called Chroococcidiopsis. These organisms are found in rocks from Antarctica to thermal springs and other arid or highly saline environments (Friedmann and Friedmann 1995). The organisms inhabit limestone and sandstone, appearing as a green band near the surface. The long-term goal for the project is the use of Chroococcidiopsis, because of its ability to survive in extreme habitats, as a model organism for designing tests to determine if there is life on Mars. With NASA’s renewed interest in a trip to Mars, a study of this organism would be a …


Construction And Testing Of Components For A New Atomic Frequency Standard, Justin Paul, Dr. Dallin Durfee Sep 2013

Construction And Testing Of Components For A New Atomic Frequency Standard, Justin Paul, Dr. Dallin Durfee

Journal of Undergraduate Research

During the course of the last year I have been working on several components that will be used in a next-generation atomic frequency standard, or atomic clock. Some of the projects that I have been working on include building a temperature controller for a laser diode head, aligning a single mode optical fiber to transfer resonant laser light across our lab, designing and implementing a scheme to bake out our vacuum chamber, testing the coatings of our precision optics, and aligning and characterizing a thermal atomic beam source.