Physics Commons^™

Drift-Mobility Measurements And Mobility Edges In Disordered Silicons, Eric A. Schiff

Physics - All Scholarship

Published electron and hole drift-mobility measurements in hydrogenated amorphous silicon (a-Si:H), amorphous silicon alloys (a-SiGe:H and a-SiC:H), and microcrystalline silicon (μc-Si:H) are analysed in terms of the exponential bandtail trapping model. A three-parameter model was employed using an exponential bandtail width E, the band mobility μ0, and the attempt-toescape frequency ν. Low-temperature measurements indicate a value around μ0 = 1 cm2 V−1 s−1 for both the conduction and valence bands over the entire range of materials. High temperature-measurements for electrons in a-Si:H suggest a larger value of 7 cm2 V−1 s−1. These properties and those of the frequency ν are …

Chemical Structure - Nonlinear Optical Property Relationships For A Series Of Two-Photon Absorbing Fluorene Molecules, Joel Mccajah Hales

Electronic Theses and Dissertations

This dissertation reports on the investigation of two-photon absorption (2PA) in a series of fluorenyl molecules. Several current and emerging technologies exploit this optical nonlinearity including two-photon fluorescence imaging, three-dimensional microfabrication, site-specific photodynamic cancer therapy and biological caging studies. The two key features of this nonlinearity which make it an ideal candidate for the above applications are its quadratic dependence on the incident irradiance and the improved penetration into absorbing media that it affords. As a consequence of the burgeoning field which exploits 2PA, it is a goal to find materials that exhibit strong two-photon absorbing capabilities. Organic materials are …

Selective Mode Excitation In Specialty Waveguides Using Micro Optical, Waleed Mohammed

Electronic Theses and Dissertations

Although optical fibers and specialty waveguides are the base of majority of today's telecom and light delivery applications, fabrication deformation, nonlinearity and attenuation limit the bandwidth of the data being transmitted or the amount of power carried by these systems. One-way to overcome these limitations without changing the fibers design or fabrication is to engineer the input light in order to excite a certain mode or a group of modes with unique optical properties. Diffractive and micro optics are highly effective for selectively coupling light to specific modes. Using micro optics, mode selective coupling can be achieved through several matching …

Discrete Nonlinear Wave Propagation In Kerr Nonlinear Media, Joachim Meier

Electronic Theses and Dissertations

Discrete optical systems are a subgroup of periodic structures in which the evolution of a continuous electromagnetic field can be described by a discrete model. In this model, the total field is the sum of localized, discrete modes. Weakly coupled arrays of single mode channel waveguides have been known to fall into this class of systems since the late 1960's. Nonlinear discrete optics has received a considerable amount of interest in the last few years, triggered by the experimental realization of discrete solitons in a Kerr nonlinear AlGaAs waveguide array by H. Eisenberg and coworkers in 1998. In this work …

Table Of Contents

Journal of the South Carolina Academy of Science

No abstract provided.

President's Message, David J. Stroup

Journal of the South Carolina Academy of Science

No abstract provided.

Scas Officers And Council Members 2004 - 2005

Journal of the South Carolina Academy of Science

No abstract provided.

Bioinformatics: An Undergraduate Research/Teaching Tool., Abhishek Agrawal, Valgene L. Dunham

Journal of the South Carolina Academy of Science

No abstract provided.

Logical Pre- And Post-Selection Paradoxes, Measurement-Disturbance And Contextuality, Matthew S. Leifer, R. W. Spekkens

Mathematics, Physics, and Computer Science Faculty Articles and Research

Many seemingly paradoxical effects are known in the predictions for outcomes of measurements made on pre- and post-selected quantum systems. A class of such effects, which we call “logical pre- and post-selection paradoxes”, bear a striking resemblance to proofs of the Bell-Kochen-Specker theorem, which suggests that they demonstrate the contextuality of quantum mechanics. Despite the apparent similarity, we show that such effects can occur in noncontextual hidden variable theories, provided measurements are allowed to disturb the values of the hidden variables.

Superionicity In Na3Po4: A Molecular Dynamics Simulation, Wei-Guo Yin, Jianjun Liu, Chun-Gang Duan, Wai-Ning Mei, Robert W. Smith, John R. Hardy

Physics Faculty Publications

Fast ionic conduction in solid Na₃PO₄ is studied by use of molecular dynamics simulation based on the modified Lu-Hardy approach. We obtain reasonable agreement with experiment for the structural transition and diffusion of the sodium ions. All the sodium ions are found to contribute comparably to the high ionic conductivity. The results of the simulation are discussed in terms of the relative magnitude of the two proposed transport mechanisms: percolation and paddle-wheel. It appears to us that the percolation mechanism dominates the sodium diffusion.

Large Dielectric Constant And Maxwell-Wagner Relaxation In Bi2/3cu3ti4o12, Jianjun Liu, Chun-Gang Duan, Wei-Guo Yin, Wai-Ning Mei, Robert W. Smith, John R. Hardy

Physics Faculty Publications

We studied frequency and temperature dependences of impedance, electric modulus, and dielectric permittivity of Bi2/3Cu3Ti4O12 in the ranges of 10−1–106 Hz and −150–200 °C, respectively. We first observed two electrical responses in the impedance and modulus formalisms. Then we detected a Debye-like relaxation in the permittivity formalism. Most interestingly, we found that the large dielectric constant of Bi2/3Cu3Ti4O12 is independent of the temperature and frequency below 150°C. The results are interpreted in terms of a two-layer model with conducting grains partitioned from each other by poorly conducting grain boundaries. Using this model, we attributed the two electrical responses in impedance …

Electronic Properties Of Nacdf3: A First-Principles Prediction, Chun-Gang Duan, Wai-Ning Mei, Jianjun Liu, Wei-Guo Yin, John R. Hardy, Robert W. Smith, M. J. Mehl, L. L. Boyer

Physics Faculty Publications

Based on first-principles total energy calculations, we predict that NaCdF3 could be formed in a ferroelectric crystal structure. Using a symmetry guided search with structure optimization, we found two ferroelectric structures, nearly degenerate in energy, competing for the ground state: a rhombohedral structure with space group R3c and an orthorhombic structure with space group Pna21. The energies of both structures are '60 meV lower than the sum of those of the constituents, NaF and CdF2, implying chemical stability.

Simulation Of Millimeter-Wave Gunn Oscillations In Gallium Nitride, Cem Sevi̇k, Ceyhun Bulutay

Turkish Journal of Physics

High field transport in wide bandgap semiconductors like GaN is of great technological importance. The negative differential mobility regime at high fields, under suitable conditions, can lead to millimeter-wave Gunn oscillations. Using extensive simulation based an ensemble Monte Carlo technique, the prospects of GaN Gunn diodes are theoretically investigated. The possibility of operating these Gunn diodes at their higher harmonic modes are explored. The main finding of this research is that the carrier dynamics in GaN can be tailored by an optimum choice of doping profile, temperature and bias conditions so that the efficiency of higher harmonic Gunn oscillations can …

University Of Nevada, Las Vegas Transmutation Research Program Annual Report Academic Year 2003-2004, Anthony Hechanova, Elizabeth Johnson, Gary Cerefice

Transmutation Research Program Reports (TRP)

It is my pleasure to present the UNLV Transmutation Research Program’s third annual report that highlights the academic year 2003 – 2004. Supporting this document are the many technical reports and scientific papers that have been generated over the past three years.

In the third year of our program, we experienced infrastructure growth despite a decreasing budget. This past year we continued into the final phases of the initial 16 independent student research tasks started in 2001 and 2002, supporting 45 graduate students and 11 undergraduates in 6 academic departments across the UNLV scientific and engineering communities during the academic …

A High Precision Radial Velocity Survey Of K Giants, David S. Mitchell

Physics

Precise radial velocity measurements of stars can provide a powerful tool for both examining the intrinsic atmospheric activity of the star, and testing for the existence of substellar orbital companions. This method has been used to detect the vast majority of known extrasolar planets, as well as probing the asteroseismological characteristics of active stars. This dissertation presents the results of a precise radial velocity survey of 177 bright K giant stars. Six of the stars have data that indicate the presence of planetary or brown dwarf orbital companions. Many others have evidence of nonradial pulsations, and twenty binary stars are …

High-Q2 Neutral Current Cross Sections In E+ P Deep Inelastic Scattering At √S = 318 Gev, S. Chekanov, M. Derrick, D. Krakauer, J. H. Loizides, S. Magill, S. Miglioranzi, B. Musgrave, J. Repond, R. Yoshida, Margarita C. K. Mattingly, P. Antonioli, G. Bari, M. Basile, L. Bellagamba, D. Boscherini, A. Bruni, G. Bruni, G. Cara Romeo, L. Cifarelli, F. Cindolo, A. Contin, M. Corradi, S. De Pasquale, P. Giusti, G. Iacobucci, A. Margotti, A. Montanari, R. Nania, F. Palmonari, A. Pesci, G. Sartorelli

Faculty Publications

Cross sections for e+ p neutral current deep inelastic scattering have been measured at a center-of-mass energy of √s = 318 GeV with the ZEUS detector at HERA using an integrated luminosity of 63.2 pb -1. The double-differential cross section, d2σ/ dxdQ2, is presented for 200 GeV2 < Q2 < 30 000 GeV2 and for 0.005 < x < 0.65. The single-differential cross sections dσ/dQ2, dσ/dx and dσ/dy are presented for Q2 > 200 GeV2. The effect of Z-boson-exchange is seen in dσ/dx measured for Q2 > 10 000 GeV2. The data presented here were combined with ZEUS e+ p neutral current data taken at √s = 300 GeV and the structure function F2em was extracted. All results agree well with the predictions of the Standard Model.

Observation Of KS0KS0 Resonances In Deep Inelastic Scattering At Hera, S. Chekanov, M. Derrick, D. Krakauer, J. H. Loizides, S. Magill, B. Musgrave, J. Repond, R. Yoshida, Margarita C. K. Mattingly, P. Antonioli, G. Bari, M. Basile, L. Bellagamba, D. Boscherini, A. Bruni, G. Bruni, G. Cara Romeo, L. Cifarelli, F. Cindolo, A. Contin, M. Corradi, S. De Pasquale, P. Giusti, G. Iacobucci, A. Margotti, A. Montanari, R. Nania, F. Palmonari, A. Pesci, G. Sartorelli, A. Zichichi

Faculty Publications

Inclusive Ks0Ks0 production in deep inelastic ep scattering at HERA has been studied with the ZEUS detector using an integrated luminosity of 120 pb-1. Two states are observed at masses of 1537-8-9 MeV and 1726 ± 7 MeV, as well as an enhancement around 1300 MeV. The state at 1537 MeV is consistent with the well established f′2(1525). The state at 1726 MeV may be the glueball candidate f0(1710). However, it's width of 38 -14-20 MeV is narrower than 125 ± 10 MeV observed by previous experiments for the f0(1710). © 2003 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.

Scattering Of Shock Waves In Qcd, Ian Balitsky

Physics Faculty Publications

The cross section of heavy-ion collisions is represented as a double functional integral with the saddle point being the classical solution of the Yang-Mills equations with boundary conditions/sources in the form of two shock waves corresponding to the two colliding ions. I develop the expansion of this classical solution in powers of the commutator of the Wilson lines describing the colliding particles and calculate the first two terms of the expansion.

Hyperon Photoproduction In The Nucleon Resonance Region, K. V. Dharmawardane, G. E. Dodge, C. E. Hyde-Wright, S. E. Kuhn, L. M. Qin, L. B. Weinstein, J. Yun, Et Al., Clas Collaboration

Physics Faculty Publications

High-statistics cross sections and recoil polarizations for the reactions γ+p → K⁺+ Λ and γ+p→K⁺+ Σ⁰ have been measured at CLAS for center-of-mass energies between 1.6 and 2.3 GeV. In the K+Λ channel we confirm a resonance-like structure near W = 1.9 GeV at backward kaon angles. Our data show more complex s- and u- channel behavior than previously seen, since structure is also present at forward angles, but not at central angles. The position and width change with angle, indicating that more than one resonance is playing a role. Large positive Λ polarization at …

Inclusive Photoproduction Of Lepton Pairs In The Parton Model, A. Psaker

Physics Faculty Publications

In the framework of the QCD parton model, we study unpolarized scattering of high energy real photons from a proton target into lepton pairs and a system of hadrons. For a given parametrization of parton distributions in the proton, we calculate the cross section of this process and show the cancellation of the interference terms.

On Electron Mobility In A Rectangular Quantum Wire Due To Alloy Disorder, Guseyn Behbudoglu Ibragimov

Turkish Journal of Physics

Analytic expressions are derived to describe the electron mobility and relaxation rate in the rectangular quantum wire experiencing scattering due to alloy disorder. The dependence of electron mobility on the temperature and transverse dimension is numerically evaluated and it is found that the mobility increases continuously with temperature, because there is no new intersubband scattering with increase in temperature. It is shown that the alternating increase/decrease in the mobility---depending on the transverse dimension of the quantum wire---occurs due to intersubband scattering. It is found that the mobility in a quantum wire is significantly greater than mobility in a quantum well.

The Nonlinear Coupling Of Electromagnetic Ion Cyclotron And Lower Hybrid Waves In The Ring Current Region: The Magnetic Storm 1–7 May 1998, G. V. Khazanov, E. N. Krivorutsky, K. V. Gamayunov, L. A. Avanov

Aerospace, Physics, and Space Science Faculty Publications

The excitation of lower hybrid waves (LHWs) is a widely discussed mechanism of interaction between plasma species in space, and is one of the unresolved questions of magnetospheric multi-ion plasmas. In this paper we present the morphology, dynamics, and level of LHWactivity generated by electromagnetic ion cyclotron (EMIC) waves during the 2–7 May 1998 storm period on the global scale. The LHWs were calculated based on a newly developed selfconsistent model (Khazanov et. al., 2002) that couples the system of two kinetic equations: one equation describes the ring current (RC) ion dynamic, and another equation describes the evolution of EMIC …

A Test Of Bell’S Inequality For The Undergraduate Laboratory, Burton A. Betchart

Honors Papers

The thesis documents the work done over the year to initiate an undergraduate Advanced Laboratory experiment which tests Bell’s inequality. It provides reference theory for the experiment, including explanations of Bell inequalities, basics of nonlinear optics, type-I downconversion and entanglement, and polarization states of the entangled photons. A main result is the equipment and design proposal for the experiment, which will cost a total $19600, led in price by the $9000 of a four photodetector array and followed by the $5000 of a 405nm pump laser. Entangled photons are produced by pumping BBO in a two-crystal geometry. Although most of …

Probing The Interstellar Medium On Au Size Scales Using Pulsar Scintillation, Alexander S. Hill

Honors Papers

We have used pulsar scintillation observations to probe the ionized component of the interstellar medium on AU size scales. Previous work had shown that the presence of scintillation arcs in pulsar secondary spectra requires that the scattering along the line of sight to the pulsar is dominated by a thin screen of scattering material. An isotropic image gives rise to a sharply delineated arc, while an anisotropic image with refractive "hot spots" elongated along the pulsar velocity vector gives rise to detailed substructure and arclets in the secondary spectrum. Twenty-five years of archival scintillation data from the Arecibo Observatory show …

Psr J1829+2456: A Relativistic Binary Pulsar, D. J. Champion, D. R. Lorimer, M. A. Mclaughlin, James M. Cordes, Zaven Arzoumanian, Joel M. Weisberg, Joseph H. Taylor

Physics and Astronomy Faculty Work

We report the discovery of a new binary pulsar, PSR J1829+2456, found during a mid-latitude drift-scan survey with the Arecibo telescope. Our initial timing observations show the 41-ms pulsar to be in a 28-hr, slightly eccentric, binary orbit. The advance of periastron ˙ω = 0 .28 ± 0 .01 deg yr − 1 is derived from our timing observations spanning 200 days. Assuming that the advance of periastron is purely relativistic and a reasonable range of neutron star masses for PSR J1829+2456 we constrain the companion mass to be between 1.22 M ⊙ and 1.38 M ⊙, making it likely …

First Upper Limits From Ligo On Gravitational Wave Bursts, Ligo Scientific Collaboration, Nelson Christensen

Physics and Astronomy Faculty Work

We report on a search for gravitational wave bursts using data from the first science run of the Laser Interferometer Gravitational Wave Observatory ~LIGO! detectors. Our search focuses on bursts with durations ranging from 4 to 100 ms, and with significant power in the LIGO sensitivity band of 150 to 3000 Hz. We bound the rate for such detected bursts at less than 1.6 events per day at a 90% confidence level. This result is interpreted in terms of the detection efficiency for ad hoc waveforms ~Gaussians and sine Gaussians! as a function of their root-sum-square strain hrss ; typical …

Exceptionaly Low Amplitude Anisotropic Wave Train Events In Cosmic Ray Intensity, Rajesh K. Mishra, Rekha Agarwal Mishra

Turkish Journal of Physics

The unusually low amplitude anisotropic wave train events (LAEs) in cosmic ray intensity using the ground-based Deep River neutron monitor data has been studied during the period 1991--94. It has been observed that the phase of the diurnal anisotropy for majority of the LAE events remains in the corotational direction. However, for some of the LAE events the phase of the diurnal anisotropy shifts towards earlier hours. On the other hand, the amplitude of the semi-diurnal anisotropy remains statistically the same whereas, phase shift towards later hours; similar trend has also been found in case of tri-diurnal anisotropy. The interplanetary …

Raman Scattering In Layered Cdingas_4, Aydin Kulibekov

Turkish Journal of Physics

Raman scattering spectra of CdInGaS_4 crystals grown by the chemical transport method were measured at room and liquid-nitrogen temperatures. Band pairs at 29-38, 43-48 and 60-65 cm^{-1} are reported for the first time. The origin of these bands is attributed to the Davydov doublets, arising due to a small interlayer interaction. Seventeen bands observed in the Raman spectra are assigned to normal modes on the basis of the C_{3v}^1 space group. This modification contains two layers per unit cell and do not have inversion symmetry. It is shown that the crystals grown from the vapor phase and by the Bridgman …

Electrical Properties Of Hydrogen Transport Vpe Grown N-Cdte Epilayers On Znte/Gaas, Murat Bayhan

Turkish Journal of Physics

Electrical characterisation of n-CdTe epilayers grown by hydrogen transport vapour phase epitaxy (H_2T-VPE) on insulating ZnTe/(100)GaAs substrates through the temperature dependent Hall measurements is reported. Double-crystal X-ray diffraction assessments indicate the material high crystalline quality. Samples grown at temperatures, T_G < 650 °C were p-type, but appeared to be n-type for the temperatures above T_G > 650 °C. Hall measurements performed on n-type samples of different thicknesses grown at T_G = 764 °C showed room temperature carrier densities in the range of 10^{11}-10^{14} cm^{-3}. The electron density and Hall mobility characteristics may be in principle well explained with a two-level affective model. The model of scattering by lattice and ionised impurity were found to be limiting …

Structural Characterization And Magnetization Of Mg_{0.5}Cu_{0.5}Y_{X}Fe_{2-X}O_4 Ferrites, Mansour Al-Haj

Turkish Journal of Physics

Mg_{0.5}Cu_{0.5}Y_xFe_{2-x}O_4 ferrites were prepared by the solid state reaction method and were characterized by X-ray diffraction and magnetization measurements. A single spinel phase was obtained in the range 0 \le x \le 0.08. The lattice parameter was found to increase with the increase of x except at x = 0.08, which may indicate a distortion in the spinel lattice. The saturation magnetization was found to decrease with increasing x due to replacement of the magnetic Fe^{3+} ions by the nonmagnetic Y^{3+} ions.