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2012

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Articles 61 - 87 of 87

Full-Text Articles in Atmospheric Sciences

Greenhouse Gas Measurements Over A 144 Km Open Path In The Canary Islands, J.S. A. Brooke, P. F. Bernath, G. Kirchengast, C. B. Thomas, J. G. Wang, K. A. Tereszchuk, G. González Abad, R. J. Hargreaves, C. A. Beale, J. J. Harrison Jan 2012

Greenhouse Gas Measurements Over A 144 Km Open Path In The Canary Islands, J.S. A. Brooke, P. F. Bernath, G. Kirchengast, C. B. Thomas, J. G. Wang, K. A. Tereszchuk, G. González Abad, R. J. Hargreaves, C. A. Beale, J. J. Harrison

Chemistry & Biochemistry Faculty Publications

A new technique for the satellite remote sensing of greenhouse gases in the atmosphere via the absorption of short-wave infrared laser signals transmitted between counter-rotating satellites in low Earth orbit has recently been proposed; this would enable the acquisition of a long-term, stable, global set of altitude-resolved concentration measurements. We present the first ground-based experimental demonstration of this new infrared-laser occultation method, in which the atmospheric absorption of CO2 near 2.1µm was measured over a ∼144km path length between two peaks in the Canary Islands (at an altitude of ∼2.4 km), using relatively low power diode lasers (∼4 to …

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Using A Low-Cost Spectrometer To Analyze The Optical Depth Of Atmospheric Aerosols, Michael Yurovchak Jan 2012

Using A Low-Cost Spectrometer To Analyze The Optical Depth Of Atmospheric Aerosols, Michael Yurovchak

Summer Community of Scholars Posters (RCEU and HCR Combined Programs)

No abstract provided.

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Assessing Delta Oxygen-18 In The Coral Genus Isopora For Reconstructing Indo-Pacific Regional And Seasonal Climate, Gavin Lemley Jan 2012

Assessing Delta Oxygen-18 In The Coral Genus Isopora For Reconstructing Indo-Pacific Regional And Seasonal Climate, Gavin Lemley

Legacy Theses & Dissertations (2009 - 2024)

Paleoclimate reconstructions often utilize coral reefs with very long time spans such as the genus Porites and Diploastrea, because of their potential to provide centuries of continuous climate records via geochemical signatures. Smaller corals, such as the genus Isopora, have been essentially unexplored as climate archives because their small skeletons (<1 m) and short lifespans (years to decades) do not provide such continuous geochemical records. There has not been a practical application for such corals until recently. In early 2010, the Integrated Ocean Drilling Program Leg 325 (IODP-325) cored drowned fossil reefs off the Great Barrier Reef (GBR) with the objectives of reconstructing sea level and surface ocean conditions since the Last Glacial Maximum. Out of 213 massive fossil corals that were recovered, most were massive Isoporan colonies. A 30-specimen subset of these fossils range in age from ~32,000 to ~11,500 years before present with even temporal spacing, based on preliminary U/Th dating of core catcher samples. This age distribution is excellent for meeting IODP-325 objectives, but the suitability of Isopora for paleoclimate analyses remains unknown.

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An Analysis Of The Formation And Evolution Of The 1989 Western North Pacific Subtropical Gyre, Brian Andrew Crandall Jan 2012

An Analysis Of The Formation And Evolution Of The 1989 Western North Pacific Subtropical Gyre, Brian Andrew Crandall

Legacy Theses & Dissertations (2009 - 2024)

This thesis conducts an observational study of a large cyclonic gyre that developed in the Western North Pacific (WNP) in late July 1989. For a period of six days, azimuthally-averaged winds at 850 hPa remained cyclonic out from the center of circulation to the 2000 km radius, with azimuthally-averaged tangential wind speeds at or greater than 10 m s-1. The gyre exhibited an asymmetric convection pattern, with the center, north and west flanks devoid of large convective areas, but the southern and eastern flanks maintained large-scale convective regions, extending as much as 4000 km in longitude.

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An Application Of Camx Process Analysis Tools : Exploring Process Contributions To Extreme Ozone, Nitrogen Oxides And Sulfur Dioxide, David-Anthony Murray Jan 2012

An Application Of Camx Process Analysis Tools : Exploring Process Contributions To Extreme Ozone, Nitrogen Oxides And Sulfur Dioxide, David-Anthony Murray

Legacy Theses & Dissertations (2009 - 2024)

The University at Albany Air Quality Forecasting Modeling System (AQFMS) is a state-of-the-art model that generates reliable daily and "day-ahead" air quality forecasts for the Northeastern United States. The three major categories of processes which dictate regional air quality are production from emission sources, horizontal and vertical transport driven by the prevailing meteorology, and chemical transformations. The Advanced Research WRF (ARW) produces meteorological fields. The Sparse Matrix Operator for Kernel Emissions (SMOKE) processes available emission inventories for air quality modeling. The Comprehensive Air Quality Model with extension (CAMx) handles both chemical processes and the integration of ARW-WRF and SMOKE in …

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Analysis Of Intraseasonal Convective Variability Modes Over West Africa During The Monsoon Season, Jeffrey Ceratto Jan 2012

Analysis Of Intraseasonal Convective Variability Modes Over West Africa During The Monsoon Season, Jeffrey Ceratto

Legacy Theses & Dissertations (2009 - 2024)

Intraseasonal variability of rainfall within the West African Monsoon has been shown to be an important factor in the weather of this region. Multiple factors have been found to contribute to variability at this timescale. Mounier, et al (2008) use EOF analysis to uncover and describe a quasi-stationary dipole of precipitation between the West African Monsoon system and the West Atlantic/Caribbean Sea. This mode, termed the Quasi Biweekly Zonal Dipole mode, operates on timescales of roughly 13 days. The stationary nature of this dipole is focused upon in their work, while the role of Kelvin waves in the mode are …

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Remote Sensing Of Cloud Properties Using Oxygen A-Band Spectral Measurements, Siwei Li Jan 2012

Remote Sensing Of Cloud Properties Using Oxygen A-Band Spectral Measurements, Siwei Li

Legacy Theses & Dissertations (2009 - 2024)

Clouds play an important role in the climate system through their radiative effects and their vital link in the hydrological cycle. Detailed knowledge of the three dimensional (3-D) distribution of cloud macrophysical and microphysical properties is crucial to properly characterize radiative forcing by clouds and to quantify the response of the climate. In this study, a multi-layer cloud detection algorithm is developed by utilizing photon path length distributions retrieved from oxygen A-band spectral measurements. Case studies from measurements at the Atmospheric Radiation Measurement (ARM) Southern Great Plains (SGP) site demonstrate that this photon path length method can detect multi-layer clouds …

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Convectively-Coupled Kelvin Waves Over The Tropical Atlantic And African Regions And Their Influence On Atlantic Tropical Cyclogenesis, Michael John Ventrice Jan 2012

Convectively-Coupled Kelvin Waves Over The Tropical Atlantic And African Regions And Their Influence On Atlantic Tropical Cyclogenesis, Michael John Ventrice

Legacy Theses & Dissertations (2009 - 2024)

High-amplitude convectively coupled atmospheric Kelvin waves (CCKWs) are explored over the tropical Atlantic during the boreal summer. Atlantic tropical cyclogenesis is found to be more frequent during the passage of the convectively active phase of the CCKW, and most frequent two days after its passage. CCKWs impact convection within the mean latitude of the inter-tropical convergence zone over the northern tropical Atlantic. In addition to convection, CCKWs also impact the large scale environment that favors Atlantic tropical cyclogenesis (i.e., deep vertical wind shear, moisture, and low-level relative vorticity).

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Multiscale Analyses Of Inland Tropical Cylcone--Midlatitude Jet Interactions : Camille (1969) And Danny (1997), Matthew S. Potter Jan 2012

Multiscale Analyses Of Inland Tropical Cylcone--Midlatitude Jet Interactions : Camille (1969) And Danny (1997), Matthew S. Potter

Legacy Theses & Dissertations (2009 - 2024)

TC Camille (1969) and TC Danny (1997) both interacted with the equatorward entrance region of an upper-tropospheric jet as they traversed the Appalachian Mountains; however, their societal impacts differed. During the 12-h period starting 0000 UTC 20 August 1969, 690 mm of rain fell over Massies Mill, Virginia, as TC Camille traversed the central Appalachian Mountains. On 24 July 1997, TC Danny underwent inland reintensification while moving across the Carolinas. TC Danny's minimum central mean sea level pressure decreased from 1012 hPa to 1000 hPa and its maximum sustained wind speed increased from 20 kt to 40 kt during the …

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Large-Scale Influences On The Pre-Genesis Of Tropical Cyclone Karl (2010), Kyle S. Griffin Jan 2012

Large-Scale Influences On The Pre-Genesis Of Tropical Cyclone Karl (2010), Kyle S. Griffin

Legacy Theses & Dissertations (2009 - 2024)

The genesis of Tropical Cyclone (TC) Karl (2010) in September 2010 provided a unique opportunity to examine the continuing problem of understanding tropical cyclogenesis. The precursor disturbance to Karl originated from a cluster of showers east of the Windward Islands and was well sampled by ongoing field campaigns, particularly the PRE-Depression Investigation of Cloud-systems in the Tropics (PREDICT), as the targeted disturbance progressed westward. While traditional genesis theories focusing on moisture and mass fields (e.g. top-down showerhead method) can explain the initial spin-up of the disturbance several days prior to its official genesis, additional perspectives are examined in concert with …

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Rainfall And Streamflow Variability In Ghana, Michael Mawutor Tanu Jan 2012

Rainfall And Streamflow Variability In Ghana, Michael Mawutor Tanu

Legacy Theses & Dissertations (2009 - 2024)

The objective of this research is to investigate the variability of rainfall and streamflow over Ghana. Analyses of rainfall shows larger daily variability and maxima amounts in the southern coastal belt than in either the middle or northern parts of the country. The high variability in rainfall at the coast is associated with sea surface temperatures (SSTs) changes over the Guinea coast. This is related to the evolution of the cold tongue over the Atlantic during the rainfall season. The results indicate that the extreme rainfall events occur as single events, but there are occasions when they occur sequentially, and …

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Detailed Modeling Of Soot Size Distribution Evolution And Pollutant Formation Inside Aircraft And Diesel Engines, Chowdhury Golam Moniruzzaman Jan 2012

Detailed Modeling Of Soot Size Distribution Evolution And Pollutant Formation Inside Aircraft And Diesel Engines, Chowdhury Golam Moniruzzaman

Legacy Theses & Dissertations (2009 - 2024)

Combustion emission of soot and pollutant gas species contributes to poor regional air quality near emission sources and to climate change. It is important to understand the formation mechanism and time evolution of these pollutants inside the combustion engine, through detailed modeling of combustion chemistry and microphysics as well as comparison with observation. In this thesis, two multi-zone gas parcel combustion engine models, one for aircraft engines and another for diesel engines, have been developed to study soot size distribution evolution and pollutant formation inside the engines as well as emissions. The models take into account size-resolved (sectional) soot aerosol …

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Synoptic And Mesoscale Aspects Of Ice Storms In The Northeastern U.S, Christopher Castellano Jan 2012

Synoptic And Mesoscale Aspects Of Ice Storms In The Northeastern U.S, Christopher Castellano

Legacy Theses & Dissertations (2009 - 2024)

Ice storms are among the most hazardous, disruptive, and costly meteorological phenomena in the northeastern United States. The accretion of freezing rain during ice storms endangers human safety, compromises public infrastructure, and causes economic losses on local and regional scales. Furthermore, ice storms present a major operational forecast challenge due to the combined influence of synoptic, mesoscale, and microphysical processes on precipitation type. In consideration of these socioeconomic impacts and forecast issues, we have identified three primary objectives for this thesis: 1) create long-term climatologies of freezing rain and ice storms in the northeastern U.S., 2) identify antecedent environments conducive …

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Evaluation Of Suny Satellite-To-Irradiance Model Performance Using Ecmwf Gems Daily Aerosol Optical Depth Reanalysis Data, Kyle Frederick Itterly Jan 2012

Evaluation Of Suny Satellite-To-Irradiance Model Performance Using Ecmwf Gems Daily Aerosol Optical Depth Reanalysis Data, Kyle Frederick Itterly

Legacy Theses & Dissertations (2009 - 2024)

The current version of the State University of New York (SUNY) radiative transfer model (RTM) uses climatological monthly averages derived from a National Renewable Energy Labs (NREL) gridded dataset to parameterize aerosol optical depth (AOD), water vapor and ozone. This is mostly due to the limited availability of high spatially and temporally resolved observations. Several global chemical transport models are analyzed and compared in depth to determine which daily AOD dataset should be implemented into the SUNY Model. After thorough comparison, the chemical transport model chosen was the Global and regional Earth-system Monitoring using satellite and in-situ data (GEMS) model …

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Description Of Coherent Structures In The Atmospheric Boundary Layer By Model Reduction Of The Surface Pressure, Gregory William Lyons Jan 2012

Description Of Coherent Structures In The Atmospheric Boundary Layer By Model Reduction Of The Surface Pressure, Gregory William Lyons

Electronic Theses and Dissertations

The flow of coherent turbulent structures into a wind turbine is associated with vibrational blade excitation. Successful forecasting of such turbulent events for control system input would increase the lifetime of turbine components. The coherence of these features suggests description by model reduction. To this end, an array of pressure transducers was deployed on the ground at Reese Technology Center in Lubbock, Texas, and the pressure fluctuations were recorded over nearly two diurnal cycles. A program for computation of the dynamic mode decomposition was developed with special consideration for the case of a non-stationary, nonlinear system. A simulated surface-pressure perturbation …

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First Remote Sensing Observations Of Trifluoromethane (Hfc-23) In The Upper Troposphere And Lower Stratosphere, Jeremy J. Harrison, Christopher D. Boone, Alexander T. Brown, Nicholas D. C. Allen, Geoffrey C. Toon, Peter F. Bernath Jan 2012

First Remote Sensing Observations Of Trifluoromethane (Hfc-23) In The Upper Troposphere And Lower Stratosphere, Jeremy J. Harrison, Christopher D. Boone, Alexander T. Brown, Nicholas D. C. Allen, Geoffrey C. Toon, Peter F. Bernath

Chemistry & Biochemistry Faculty Publications

This work reports the first remote sensing measurements of atmospheric HFC-23 (CHF3) using solar occultation measurements made by the Atmospheric Chemistry Experiment Fourier transform spectrometer (ACE-FTS) and the Jet Propulsion Laboratory Mark IV (MkIV) balloon interferometer. A total of 8809 ACE occultations measured between 2004 and 2010 have been processed, along with 24 MkIV occultations measured between 1989 and 2007. ACE data (yearly averages over the 10-25 km altitude range) in the tropics/subtropics (40°S-40°N) reveal a trend of 4.0 ± 1.6% per year in the growth of HFC-23 for 2004-2009 (or 3.9 ± 1.2% per year for 2004-2010), …

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Analysis Of Iasi Tropospheric O₃ Data Over The Arctic During Polarcat Campaigns In 2008, M. Pommier, C. Clerbaux, K. S. Law, G. Ancellet, P. Bernath, P.-F. Coheur, J. Hadji-Lazaro, D. Hurtmans, P. Nédélec, J.-D. Paris, F. Ravetta, T. B. Ryerson, H. Schlager, A. J. Weinheimer Jan 2012

Analysis Of Iasi Tropospheric O₃ Data Over The Arctic During Polarcat Campaigns In 2008, M. Pommier, C. Clerbaux, K. S. Law, G. Ancellet, P. Bernath, P.-F. Coheur, J. Hadji-Lazaro, D. Hurtmans, P. Nédélec, J.-D. Paris, F. Ravetta, T. B. Ryerson, H. Schlager, A. J. Weinheimer

Chemistry & Biochemistry Faculty Publications

Ozone data retrieved in the Arctic region from infrared radiance spectra recorded by the Infrared Atmospheric Sounding Interferometer (IASI) on board the MetOp-A European satellite are presented. They are compared with in situ and lidar observations obtained during a series of aircraft measurement campaigns as part of the International Polar Year POLARCAT activities in spring and summer 2008. Different air masses were sampled during the campaigns including clean air, polluted plumes originating from anthropogenic sources, forest fire plumes from the three northern continents, and stratospheric-influenced air masses. The comparison between IASI O3 [0–8 km], [0–12 km] partial columns and …

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Analysis Of Aerosol Particle Size Distributions Observed During Aerose V Campaign, Mariana Guereque Jan 2012

Analysis Of Aerosol Particle Size Distributions Observed During Aerose V Campaign, Mariana Guereque

Open Access Theses & Dissertations

The African continent is the principal contributor of mineral aerosols into the atmosphere. It is also a significant source of carbonaceous aerosols resulting from rampant biomass burning activities. Both aerosol types have a profound impact on climate change and are an important factor in climate modeling, regional weather forecasting, as well as health-impact studies. Due to their importance, it is beneficial to characterize the transport and evolution of these aerosols from their origins in Africa, across the Atlantic Ocean and into the Americas. In-situ aerosol number distributions were collected during the 2009 Aerosols and Ocean Science Expeditions (AEROSE) V campaign, …

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High-Order Central Finite-Volume Schemes For Atmospheric Modeling, Kiran Kumar Katta Jan 2012

High-Order Central Finite-Volume Schemes For Atmospheric Modeling, Kiran Kumar Katta

Open Access Theses & Dissertations

Atmospheric numerical modeling has been going through drastic changes over the past decade, mainly to utilize the massive computing capability of the petascale systems. This obliges the modelers to develop grid systems and numerical algorithms that facilitate exceptional level of scalability on these systems. The numerical algorithms that can address these challenges should have the local properties such as the high on-processor operation count and minimum parallel communication i.e., high parallel efficiency. They should also satisfy the following properties such as inherent local and global conservation, high-order accuracy, geometric flexibility, non-oscillatory advection and positivity preservation properties. The goal of this …

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Net Ecosystem Production (Nep) Of The Great Plains, United States, Daniel Howard, Tagir Gilmanov, Yingxin Gu, Bruce Wylie, Li Zhang Jan 2012

Net Ecosystem Production (Nep) Of The Great Plains, United States, Daniel Howard, Tagir Gilmanov, Yingxin Gu, Bruce Wylie, Li Zhang

Natural Resource Management Faculty Publications

Gross primary production (GPP) and ecosystem respiration (Re) are the fundamental environmental characteristics that promote carbon exchanges with the atmosphere (Chapin and others, 2009), although other exchanges of carbon, such as direct oxidation (Lovett and others, 2006), can modify net ecosystem production (NEP). The accumulation of carbon in terrestrial ecosystems results in systems in which soil organic matter (SOM) carbon often exceeds biomass carbon (Post and Kwon, 2000). This SOM pool exists at a steady state between GPP and Re in ecosystems unless drivers change or the ecosystem endures environmental perturbations (for example, climatic). As indicated by Wilhelm and others …

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Synergistic Use Of Remote Sensing And Modeling For Tracing Dust Storms In The Mediterranean, D. G. Kaskaoutis, Anup K. Prasad, P. G. Kosmopoulos, P. R. Sinha, S. K. Kharol, P. Gupta, Hesham El-Askary, Menas Kafatos Jan 2012

Synergistic Use Of Remote Sensing And Modeling For Tracing Dust Storms In The Mediterranean, D. G. Kaskaoutis, Anup K. Prasad, P. G. Kosmopoulos, P. R. Sinha, S. K. Kharol, P. Gupta, Hesham El-Askary, Menas Kafatos

Mathematics, Physics, and Computer Science Faculty Articles and Research

This study focuses on the detection of the dust source region and monitoring of the transport of the dust plume from its primary outflow to final deposition. The application area is the Sahara desert and the eastern Mediterranean, where two dust events occurred during the period 4–6 February 2009, an unusual event for a winter period. The Aqua-MODIS and OMI observations clearly define the spatial distribution of the dust plumes, while the CALIPSO observations of total attenuated backscatter (TAB) at 532 nm, depolarization ratio (DR), and attenuated color ratio (1064/532 nm) on 5 February 2009 provide a clear view and …

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Fog- And Cloud-Induced Aerosol Modification Observed By The Aerosol Robotic Network (Aeronet), T. F. Eck, B. N. Holben, J. S. Reid, D. M. Giles, M. A. Rivas, Ramesh P. Singh, S. N. Tripathi, C. J. Bruegge, S. Platnick, G. T. Arnold, N. A. Krotkov, S. A. Carn, A. Sinyuk, O. Dubovik, A. Arola, J. S. Schafer, P. Artaxo, A. Smirnov, H. Chen, P. Goloub Jan 2012

Fog- And Cloud-Induced Aerosol Modification Observed By The Aerosol Robotic Network (Aeronet), T. F. Eck, B. N. Holben, J. S. Reid, D. M. Giles, M. A. Rivas, Ramesh P. Singh, S. N. Tripathi, C. J. Bruegge, S. Platnick, G. T. Arnold, N. A. Krotkov, S. A. Carn, A. Sinyuk, O. Dubovik, A. Arola, J. S. Schafer, P. Artaxo, A. Smirnov, H. Chen, P. Goloub

Mathematics, Physics, and Computer Science Faculty Articles and Research

Large fine mode-dominated aerosols (submicron radius) in size distributions retrieved from the Aerosol Robotic Network (AERONET) have been observed after fog or low-altitude cloud dissipation events. These column-integrated size distributions have been obtained at several sites in many regions of the world, typically after evaporation of low-altitude cloud such as stratocumulus or fog. Retrievals with cloud-processed aerosol are sometimes bimodal in the accumulation mode with the larger-size mode often similar to 0.4-0.5 mu m radius (volume distribution); the smaller mode, typically similar to 0.12 to similar to 0.20 mu m, may be interstitial aerosol that were not modified by incorporation …

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Impact Of Vegetation On Land-Atmosphere Coupling Strength And Its Implication For Desertification Mitigation Over East Asia, Boksoon Myoung, Yong-Sang Choi, Suk-Jin Choi, Seon Ki Park Jan 2012

Impact Of Vegetation On Land-Atmosphere Coupling Strength And Its Implication For Desertification Mitigation Over East Asia, Boksoon Myoung, Yong-Sang Choi, Suk-Jin Choi, Seon Ki Park

Mathematics, Physics, and Computer Science Faculty Articles and Research

Desertification of the East Asian drylands and the consequent dust transport have been serious concerns for adjacent Asian countries as well as the western United States. Tree planting has been considered one applicable strategy to mitigate the desertification. However, the desired effect of the tree planting would not be brought to fruition unless the newly planted trees change the coupling characteristics between the land and the atmosphere. Based on this perception, we attempt to clarify the effects of vegetation on the coupling strength between the atmosphere and land surface, and we suggest the most efficient areas of tree planting for …

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Variability And Trends Of Aerosol Properties Over Kanpur, Northern India Using Aeronet Data (2001–10), Dimitris G. Kaskaoutis, Ramesh P. Singh, Ritesh Gautam, Manish Sharma, P. G. Kosmopoulos, S. N. Tripathi Jan 2012

Variability And Trends Of Aerosol Properties Over Kanpur, Northern India Using Aeronet Data (2001–10), Dimitris G. Kaskaoutis, Ramesh P. Singh, Ritesh Gautam, Manish Sharma, P. G. Kosmopoulos, S. N. Tripathi

Mathematics, Physics, and Computer Science Faculty Articles and Research

Natural and anthropogenic aerosols over northern India play an important role in influencing the regional radiation budget, causing climate implications to the overall hydrological cycle of South Asia. In the context of regional climate change and air quality, we discuss aerosol loading variability and trends at Kanpur AERONET station located in the central part of the Indo-Gangetic plains (IGP), during the last decade (2001-10). Ground-based radiometric measurements show an overall increase in column-integrated aerosol optical depth (AOD) on a yearly basis. This upward trend is mainly due to a sustained increase in the seasonal/monthly averaged AOD during the winter (Dec-Feb) …

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Influence Of Anomalous Dry Conditions On Aerosols Over India: Transport, Distribution And Properties, Dimitris G. Kaskaoutis, Ritesh Gautam, Ramesh P. Singh, E. E. Housos, D. Goto, S. Singh, A. Bartzokas, P. G. Kosmopoulos, Manish Sharma, N. C. Hsu, B. N. Holben, T. Takemura Jan 2012

Influence Of Anomalous Dry Conditions On Aerosols Over India: Transport, Distribution And Properties, Dimitris G. Kaskaoutis, Ritesh Gautam, Ramesh P. Singh, E. E. Housos, D. Goto, S. Singh, A. Bartzokas, P. G. Kosmopoulos, Manish Sharma, N. C. Hsu, B. N. Holben, T. Takemura

Mathematics, Physics, and Computer Science Faculty Articles and Research

A synergy of satellite and ground-based radiometric observations, along with chemical transport modeling, was used for the assessment of the influence of drought monsoon conditions of 2002 and prolonged dry pre-monsoon period of 2003 on aerosol properties over south Asia, with emphasis over northern India. Reanalysis data are also examined for studying the dry anomalous period from the climatological mean, that show prevalence of westerlies under anticyclonic circulation and subsidence favoring the accumulation of aerosols. TRMM observations over south Asia indicate significant rainfall deficit over northwestern India in July 2002 and May-June 2003. Subsequently, the anomalous and prolonged dry conditions …

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Community Earth System Model: Implementation, Validation, And Applications, William Christian Porter Jan 2012

Community Earth System Model: Implementation, Validation, And Applications, William Christian Porter

Dissertations and Theses

The Community Earth System Model (CESM) is a coupling of five different models which are combined to simulate the dynamic interactions between and within the Earth's atmosphere, ocean, land, land-ice, and sea-ice. In this work, the installation and testing of CESM on Portland State University's Cluster for Climate Change and Aerosol Research (CsAR) is described and documented, and two research applications of the model are performed. First, the improved treatment of cloud microphysics within recent versions of CESM's atmospheric module is applied to an examination of changes in shortwave cloud forcing (SWCF) and results are compared to output from older …

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Rapid And Noncontaminating Sampling System For Trace Elements In Global Ocean Surveys, Gregory A. Cutter, Kenneth W. Bruland Jan 2012

Rapid And Noncontaminating Sampling System For Trace Elements In Global Ocean Surveys, Gregory A. Cutter, Kenneth W. Bruland

OES Faculty Publications

A system for the rapid and noncontaminating sampling of trace elements with volumes of up to 36 L per depth and including the dissolved and particulate phases has been developed for ocean sections that are a crucial part of programs such as International GEOTRACES. The system uses commercially available components, including an aluminum Seabird Carousel with all titanium pressure housings for electronics and sensors to eliminate zinc sacrificial anodes and holding twenty-four 12 L GO-FLO bottles, and a 7500 m, 14 mm Vectran conducting cable (passing over an A-frame with nonmetallic sheave) spooled onto a traction winch. The GO-FLO bottles …

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