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Articles 181 - 210 of 586

Full-Text Articles in Oceanography and Atmospheric Sciences and Meteorology

Seamless Online Distribution Of Amundsen Multibeam Data, James Muggah, Ian Church, Jonathan Beaudoin, John E. Hughes Clarke Jun 2010

Seamless Online Distribution Of Amundsen Multibeam Data, James Muggah, Ian Church, Jonathan Beaudoin, John E. Hughes Clarke

Center for Coastal and Ocean Mapping

Since 2003, all underway multibeam and sub-bottom data from the Canadian Coast Guard Ship Amundsen has been posted online within approximately six months of the end of each cruise. A custom interface allowing the user to access 15' latitude by 30' longitude mapsheets was implemented in 2006, allowing the user to download the bathymetric and backscatter data at 10 metre resolution. While this interface matched the underlying data management scheme implemented at the University of New Brunswick, the zoom and pan capability was at a fixed scale with limited contextual data. In the past few years, with the introduction of …

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Application Of Jpeg 2000 Wavelet Compression To Multibeam Echosounder Mid-Water Acoustic Refectivity Measurements, Jonathan Beaudoin Jun 2010

Application Of Jpeg 2000 Wavelet Compression To Multibeam Echosounder Mid-Water Acoustic Refectivity Measurements, Jonathan Beaudoin

Center for Coastal and Ocean Mapping

No abstract provided.

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Hydrographic Products/Services As A Fundamental Component Of The E-Navigation Concept Of Operation, Lee Alexander, Robert Ward Jun 2010

Hydrographic Products/Services As A Fundamental Component Of The E-Navigation Concept Of Operation, Lee Alexander, Robert Ward

Center for Coastal and Ocean Mapping

e-Navigation is a recent initiative aimed at moving traditional maritime navigation towards a connected digital environment. Defined by the International Maritime Organization (IMO) as “the harmonized collection, integration, exchange, presentation and analysis of maritime information onboard and ashore by electronic means to enhance birth-to-birth navigation and related services, for safety and security at sea and protection of the marine environment”, e-Navigation is not a new system of equipment but more an operational concept. Three significant outcomes are envisioned: 1) Shipboard navigation systems will benefit from the integration of own ship sensors, supporting information, standard user interface, and a comprehensive system …

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New Approaches For Evaluating Lidar-Derived Shoreline, Christopher Parrish, Stephen A. White, Brian R. Calder, Shachak Pe'eri, Yuri Rzhanov Jun 2010

New Approaches For Evaluating Lidar-Derived Shoreline, Christopher Parrish, Stephen A. White, Brian R. Calder, Shachak Pe'eri, Yuri Rzhanov

Center for Coastal and Ocean Mapping

This study presents and compares two new methods of assessing the uncertainty of lidar-derived National Shoreline mapped by NOAA’s National Geodetic Survey: an empirical (ground-based) approach and a stochastic (Monte Carlo) approach. OCIS codes: (280.3640) Lidar; (120.2830) Height measurements; (000.4430) Numerical approximation and analysis

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Modeling The Effect Of Oceanic Internal Waves On The Accuracy Of Multibeam Echosounders, Travis Hamilton, Jonathan Beaudoin Jun 2010

Modeling The Effect Of Oceanic Internal Waves On The Accuracy Of Multibeam Echosounders, Travis Hamilton, Jonathan Beaudoin

Center for Coastal and Ocean Mapping

When ray bending corrections are applied to multibeam echosounder (MBES) data, it is assumed that the varying layers of sound speed lie along horizontally stratified planes. In many areas internal waves occur at the interface where the water’s density changes abruptly (a pycnocline), this density gradient is often associated with a strong gradient in sound speed (a velocline). The internal wave introduces uncertainty into the echo soundings through two mechanisms: (1) tilting of the velocline, and (2) vertical oscillation of the velocline’s depth. A model has been constructed in order to examine how these effects degrade the accuracy of MBES …

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4d Multimodal Visualization And Analysis Of Seafloor Vents And Plumes, Maurice Doucet, Mark Paton, James V. Gardner, Jens Greinert Jun 2010

4d Multimodal Visualization And Analysis Of Seafloor Vents And Plumes, Maurice Doucet, Mark Paton, James V. Gardner, Jens Greinert

Center for Coastal and Ocean Mapping

No abstract provided.

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Simulating An Airborne Lidar Bathymetry (Alb) System, Shachak Pe'eri, Amaresh M. Kumar, Brian R. Calder Jun 2010

Simulating An Airborne Lidar Bathymetry (Alb) System, Shachak Pe'eri, Amaresh M. Kumar, Brian R. Calder

Center for Coastal and Ocean Mapping

This study’s focus is on the horizontal and vertical uncertainties associated with ALB measurements due to scattering through the water column. A lidar simulator was constructed and we present its design and preliminary results.

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Convective Distribution Of Tropospheric Ozone And Tracers In The Central American Itcz Region: Evidence From Observations During Tc4, M A. Avery, Cynthia Twohy, David Mccabe, J Joiner, Kurt Severance, E L. Atlas, D R. Blake, T P. Bui, John D. Crounse, Jack E. Dibb, Glenn Diskin, Paul Lawson, Matthew Mcgill, David Rogers, G W. Sachse, Eric Scheuer, A M. Thompson, Charles Trepte, Paul Wennberg, Jerald Ziemke May 2010

Convective Distribution Of Tropospheric Ozone And Tracers In The Central American Itcz Region: Evidence From Observations During Tc4, M A. Avery, Cynthia Twohy, David Mccabe, J Joiner, Kurt Severance, E L. Atlas, D R. Blake, T P. Bui, John D. Crounse, Jack E. Dibb, Glenn Diskin, Paul Lawson, Matthew Mcgill, David Rogers, G W. Sachse, Eric Scheuer, A M. Thompson, Charles Trepte, Paul Wennberg, Jerald Ziemke

Earth Sciences

During the Tropical Composition, Clouds and Climate Coupling (TC4) experiment that occurred in July and August of 2007, extensive sampling of active convection in the ITCZ region near Central America was performed from multiple aircraft and satellite sensors. As part of a sampling strategy designed to study cloud processes, the NASA ER‐2, WB‐57 and DC‐8 flew in stacked “racetrack patterns” in convective cells. On July 24, 2007, the ER‐2 and DC‐8 probed an actively developing storm and the DC‐8 was hit by lightning. Case studies of this flight, and of convective outflow on August 5, 2007 reveal a significant anti‐correlation …

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Evidence Of Nitric Acid Uptake In Warm Cirrus Anvil Clouds During The Nasa Tc4 Campaign, Eric Scheuer, Jack E. Dibb, Cynthia Twohy, David Rogers, Andrew J. Heymsfield, Aaron Bansemer May 2010

Evidence Of Nitric Acid Uptake In Warm Cirrus Anvil Clouds During The Nasa Tc4 Campaign, Eric Scheuer, Jack E. Dibb, Cynthia Twohy, David Rogers, Andrew J. Heymsfield, Aaron Bansemer

Earth Sciences

Uptake of HNO3 onto cirrus ice may play an important role in tropospheric NOx cycling. Discrepancies between modeled and in situ measurements of gas-phase HNO3 in the troposphere suggest that redistribution and removal mechanisms by cirrus ice have been poorly constrained. Limited in situ measurements have provided somewhat differing results and are not fully compatible with theory developed from laboratory studies. We present new airborne measurements of HNO3 in cirrus clouds from anvil outflow made during the Tropical Composition, Cloud, and Climate Coupling Experiment (TC4). Upper tropospheric (>9 km) measurements made during three flights while repeatedly traversing the same …

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New Standards For Providing Meteorological And Hydrographic Information Via Ais Application-Specific Messages, Lee Alexander, Schwehr Kurt May 2010

New Standards For Providing Meteorological And Hydrographic Information Via Ais Application-Specific Messages, Lee Alexander, Schwehr Kurt

Center for Coastal and Ocean Mapping

AIS Application-specific messages transmitted in binary format will be increasingly used to digitally communicate maritime safety/security information between participating vessels and shore stations. This includes time-sensitive meteorological and hydrographic information that is critical for safe vessel transits and efficient ports/waterways management. IMO recently completed a new Safety-of-Navigation Circular (SN/Circ.) that includes a number of meteorologi-cal and hydrographic message applications and data parameters. In conjunction with the development of a new SN/Circ., IMO will establish an International Application (IA) Register for AIS Application-Specific Messages. IALA plans to establish a similar register for regional appli-cations. While there are no specific standards for …

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Impact Of Mineral Dust On Nitrate, Sulfate, And Ozone In Transpacific Asian Pollution Plumes, T D. Fairlie, D J. Jacob, Jack E. Dibb, B Alexander, M A. Avery, Aaron Van Donkelaar, L Zhang Apr 2010

Impact Of Mineral Dust On Nitrate, Sulfate, And Ozone In Transpacific Asian Pollution Plumes, T D. Fairlie, D J. Jacob, Jack E. Dibb, B Alexander, M A. Avery, Aaron Van Donkelaar, L Zhang

Earth Sciences

We use a 3-D global chemical transport model (GEOS-Chem) to interpret aircraft observations of nitrate and sulfate partitioning in transpacific dust plumes during the INTEX-B campaign of April–May 2006. The model includes explicit transport of size-resolved mineral dust and its alkalinity, nitrate, and sulfate content. The observations show that particulate nitrate is primarily associated with dust, sulfate is primarily associated with ammonium, and Asian dust remains alkaline across the Pacific. This can be reproduced in the model by using a reactive uptake coefficient for HNO3 on dust (γ(HNO3) ~10−3) much lower than commonly assumed in …

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Sea State Bias In Altimeter Sea Level Estimates Determined By Combining Wave Model And Satellite Data, N. Tran, Douglas C. Vandemark, S. Labroue, Hui Feng, Bertrand Chapron, H. L. Tolman, J. Lambin, N. Picot Mar 2010

Sea State Bias In Altimeter Sea Level Estimates Determined By Combining Wave Model And Satellite Data, N. Tran, Douglas C. Vandemark, S. Labroue, Hui Feng, Bertrand Chapron, H. L. Tolman, J. Lambin, N. Picot

Ocean Process Analysis Laboratory

This study documents a method for increasing the precision of satellite-derived sea level measurements. Results are achieved using an enhanced three-dimensional (3-D) sea state bias (SSB) correction model derived from both Jason-1 altimeter ocean observations (i.e., sea state and wind) and estimates of mean wave period from a numerical ocean wave model, NOAA’s WAVEWATCH III. A multiyear evaluation of Jason-1 data indicates sea surface height variance reduction of 1.26 (±0.2) cm2 in comparison to the commonly applied two-parameter SSB model. The improvement is similar for two separate variance reduction metrics and for separate annual data sets spanning 2002–2004. Spatial evaluation …

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A Regional Scale Modeling Analysis Of Aerosol And Trace Gas Distributions Over The Eastern Pacific During The Intex-B Field Campaign, B Adhikary, Gregory R. Carmichael, S Kulkarni, C Wei, Y Tang, A D'Allura, M Mena-Carrasco, David G. Streets, Q Zhang, R B. Pierce, J Al-Saadi, L K. Emmons, G G. Pfister, M A. Avery, J D. Barrick, D R. Blake, William H. Brune, Robert C. Cohen, Jack E. Dibb, A Fried, B J. Heikes, L Gregory Huey, D W. O'Sullivan, G W. Sachse, R E. Shetter, H B. Singh, T L. Campos, C A. Cantrell, F Flocke, E J. Dunlea, Jose L. Jimenez, Andrew Weinheimer, John D. Crounse, Paul Wennberg, James J. Schauer, E A. Stone, D A. Jaffe, D R. Reidmiller Mar 2010

A Regional Scale Modeling Analysis Of Aerosol And Trace Gas Distributions Over The Eastern Pacific During The Intex-B Field Campaign, B Adhikary, Gregory R. Carmichael, S Kulkarni, C Wei, Y Tang, A D'Allura, M Mena-Carrasco, David G. Streets, Q Zhang, R B. Pierce, J Al-Saadi, L K. Emmons, G G. Pfister, M A. Avery, J D. Barrick, D R. Blake, William H. Brune, Robert C. Cohen, Jack E. Dibb, A Fried, B J. Heikes, L Gregory Huey, D W. O'Sullivan, G W. Sachse, R E. Shetter, H B. Singh, T L. Campos, C A. Cantrell, F Flocke, E J. Dunlea, Jose L. Jimenez, Andrew Weinheimer, John D. Crounse, Paul Wennberg, James J. Schauer, E A. Stone, D A. Jaffe, D R. Reidmiller

Earth Sciences

The Sulfur Transport and dEposition Model (STEM) is applied to the analysis of observations obtained during the Intercontinental Chemical Transport Experiment-Phase B (INTEX-B), conducted over the eastern Pacific Ocean during spring 2006. Predicted trace gas and aerosol distributions over the Pacific are presented and discussed in terms of transport and source region contributions. Trace species distributions show a strong west (high) to east (low) gradient, with the bulk of the pollutant transport over the central Pacific occurring between ∼20° N and 50° N in the 2-6 km altitude range. These distributions are evaluated in the eastern Pacific by comparison with …

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Establishing A Regional Ais Application Specific Message Register, Lee Alexander, Kurt Schwehr, R Zetterberg Mar 2010

Establishing A Regional Ais Application Specific Message Register, Lee Alexander, Kurt Schwehr, R Zetterberg

Center for Coastal and Ocean Mapping

The goal of the Regional AIS Application Specific Message Register is to provide awareness of what applications exist, facilitate harmonization, and promote proper binary messaging for regional applications. To be hosted on the IALA website, establishing the Register will be a 3-step process: 1) Compile all existing AIS binaries into a Jcollection.K 2) Convert the JcollectionK into a Register. 3) Develop IALA guidance on best practices for creating and using AIS Binary Messages. Recommendations are provided in regard to: - Benefit of a web-based HTML user interface for input/output. - Use of XML to organize/format register applications in a consistent …

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Bathymetric Attributed Grids (Bags): Discovery Of Marine Datasets And Geospatial Metadata Visualization, Kurt Schwehr, Andy Armstrong, Rick T. Brennan, David Fischman, Jon Sellars, Shep M. Smith Lt Jan 2010

Bathymetric Attributed Grids (Bags): Discovery Of Marine Datasets And Geospatial Metadata Visualization, Kurt Schwehr, Andy Armstrong, Rick T. Brennan, David Fischman, Jon Sellars, Shep M. Smith Lt

Center for Coastal and Ocean Mapping

No abstract provided.

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Blue Carbon: The Role Of Healthy Oceans In Binding Carbon, Christian Nellemann, Emily Corcoran, Carlos M. Duarte, Cassandra De Young, Luciano E. Fonseca, Gabriel Grimsdith Jan 2010

Blue Carbon: The Role Of Healthy Oceans In Binding Carbon, Christian Nellemann, Emily Corcoran, Carlos M. Duarte, Cassandra De Young, Luciano E. Fonseca, Gabriel Grimsdith

Center for Coastal and Ocean Mapping

No abstract provided.

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Marine Benthic Habitat Mapping Of Muir Inlet, Glacier Bay National Park And Preserve, Alaska With An Evaluation Of The Coastal And Marine Ecological Classification Standard Iii, Luke D. Mitchell, Guy R. Cochrane, Lisa Etherington, Ross D. Powell, Larry A. Mayer Jan 2010

Marine Benthic Habitat Mapping Of Muir Inlet, Glacier Bay National Park And Preserve, Alaska With An Evaluation Of The Coastal And Marine Ecological Classification Standard Iii, Luke D. Mitchell, Guy R. Cochrane, Lisa Etherington, Ross D. Powell, Larry A. Mayer

Center for Coastal and Ocean Mapping

Seafloor geology and potential benthic habitats were mapped in Muir Inlet, Glacier Bay National Park and Preserve, Alaska, using multibeam sonar, ground-truth information, and geological interpretations. Muir Inlet is a recently deglaciated fjord that is under the influence of glacial and paraglacial marine processes. High glacially derived sediment and meltwater fluxes, slope instabilities, and variable bathymetry result in a highly dynamic estuarine environment and benthic ecosystem. We characterize the fjord seafloor and potential benthic habitats using the Coastal and Marine Ecological Classification Standard (CMECS) recently developed by the National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration (NOAA) and NatureServe. Substrates within Muir Inlet …

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Impact Of High Frequency Waves On The Ocean Altimeter Range Bias, Douglas C. Vandemark, Bertrand Chapron, T. Elfouhaily, J. W. Campbell Nov 2009

Impact Of High Frequency Waves On The Ocean Altimeter Range Bias, Douglas C. Vandemark, Bertrand Chapron, T. Elfouhaily, J. W. Campbell

Ocean Process Analysis Laboratory

New aircraft observations are presented on the range determination error in satellite altimetry associated with ocean waves. Laser-based measurements of the cross correlation between the gravity wave slope and elevation are reported for the first time. These observations provide direct access to a long, O(10 m), gravity wave statistic central to nonlinear wave theory prediction of the altimeter sea state bias. Coincident Ka-band radar scattering data are used to estimate an electromagnetic (EM) range bias analogous to that in satellite altimetry. These data, along with ancillary wind and wave slope variance estimates, are used alongside existing theory to evaluate …

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Observations Of Heterogeneous Reactions Between Asian Pollution And Mineral Dust Over The Eastern North Pacific During Intex-B, Cameron Mcnaughton, A D. Clarke, V Kapustin, Yohei Shinozuka, S G. Howell, B E. Anderson, E L. Winstead, Jack E. Dibb, Eric Scheuer, Ronald C. Cohen, Paul J. Wooldridge, A E. Perring, L Gregory Huey, S Kim, Jose L. Jimenez, E J. Dunlea, P F. Decarlo, Paul Wennberg, John D. Crounse, Andrew Weinheimer, F Flocke Nov 2009

Observations Of Heterogeneous Reactions Between Asian Pollution And Mineral Dust Over The Eastern North Pacific During Intex-B, Cameron Mcnaughton, A D. Clarke, V Kapustin, Yohei Shinozuka, S G. Howell, B E. Anderson, E L. Winstead, Jack E. Dibb, Eric Scheuer, Ronald C. Cohen, Paul J. Wooldridge, A E. Perring, L Gregory Huey, S Kim, Jose L. Jimenez, E J. Dunlea, P F. Decarlo, Paul Wennberg, John D. Crounse, Andrew Weinheimer, F Flocke

Earth Sciences

In-situ airborne measurements of trace gases, aerosol size distributions, chemistry and optical properties were conducted over Mexico and the Eastern North Pacific during MILAGRO and INTEX-B. Heterogeneous reactions between secondary aerosol precursor gases and mineral dust lead to sequestration of sulfur, nitrogen and chlorine in the supermicrometer particulate size range.

Simultaneous measurements of aerosol size distributions and weak-acid soluble calcium result in an estimate of 11 wt% of CaCO3 for Asian dust. During transport across the North Pacific, ∼5ĝ€ "30% of the CaCO3 is converted to CaSO4 or Ca(NO 3)2 with an additional ∼4% consumed through reactions with HCl. The …

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Estimation Of Sounding Uncertainty From Measurements Of Water Mass Variability, Jonathan Beaudoin, Brian R. Calder, J Hiebert, Gretchen Imahori Nov 2009

Estimation Of Sounding Uncertainty From Measurements Of Water Mass Variability, Jonathan Beaudoin, Brian R. Calder, J Hiebert, Gretchen Imahori

Center for Coastal and Ocean Mapping

Analysis techniques are introduced that allow for estimation of potential sounding uncertainty due to water mass variability from reconnaissance campaigns in which oceanographic parameters are measured at a high temporal and spatial resolution. The analysis techniques do not require sounding data, thus analyses can be tailored to match any survey system; this allows for pre-analysis campaigns to optimize survey instrumentation and sound speed profiling rates such that a desired survey specification can be maintained. Additionally, the output of the analysis methods can potentially provide a higher fidelity estimation of sounding uncertainty due to water mass variability than uncertainty models in …

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Environmental Risks Monitoring Of Shipwrecks In Italian Seas, Giuseppe Masetti, Fulvia Orsini Nov 2009

Environmental Risks Monitoring Of Shipwrecks In Italian Seas, Giuseppe Masetti, Fulvia Orsini

Center for Coastal and Ocean Mapping

After a description of the international regulatory framework, this paper examines the European project DE.E.P.P. and provides an overview of shipwreck databases in Italy. Afterwards, it reconstructs the recent history of the supertanker VLCC Haven which represents one of the largest Mediterranean shipwrecks. The findings of this paper emphasize the need to unify all the various agencies databases into a national Territorial Information System of potentially polluting wrecks. This System would be completed by all the information available in archives and press, to allow an adequate environmental risk monitoring and classification of shipwrecks in the Italian seas.

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Advanced Mid-Water Tools For 4d Marine Data Fusion And Visualization, Maurice Doucet, Colin Ware, Thomas C. Weber, Larry A. Mayer, Roland J. Arsenault, Mashkoor A. Malik, Lindsay Gee Oct 2009

Advanced Mid-Water Tools For 4d Marine Data Fusion And Visualization, Maurice Doucet, Colin Ware, Thomas C. Weber, Larry A. Mayer, Roland J. Arsenault, Mashkoor A. Malik, Lindsay Gee

Center for Coastal and Ocean Mapping

Mapping and charting of the seafloor underwent a revolution approximately 20 years ago with the introduction of multibeam sonars -- sonars that provided complete, high-resolution coverage of the seafloor rather than sparse measurements. The initial focus of these sonar systems was the charting of depths in support of safety of navigation and offshore exploration; more recently innovations in processing software have led to approaches to characterize seafloor type and for mapping seafloor habitat in support of fisheries research. In recent years, a new generation of multibeam sonars has been developed that, for the first time, have the ability to map …

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Enhancing Ais To Improve Whale-Ship Collision Avoidance And Maritime Security, Philip A. Mcgillivary, Kurt Schwehr, Kevin Fall Oct 2009

Enhancing Ais To Improve Whale-Ship Collision Avoidance And Maritime Security, Philip A. Mcgillivary, Kurt Schwehr, Kevin Fall

Center for Coastal and Ocean Mapping

Whale-ship strikes are of growing worldwide concern due to the steady growth of commercial shipping. Improving the current situation involves the creation of a communication capability allowing whale position information to be estimated and exchanged among vessels and other observation assets. An early example of such a system has been implemented for the shipping lane approaches to the harbor of Boston, Massachusetts where ship traffic transits areas of the Stellwagen Bank National Marine Sanctuary frequently used by whales. It uses the Automated Identification Systems (AIS) technology, currently required for larger vessels but becoming more common in all classes of vessels. …

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Broadband Records Of Earthquakes In Deep Gold Mines And A Comparison With Results From Safod, California, Art Mcgarr, Margaret S. Boettcher, Jon Peter B. Fletcher, R Sell, Malcolm J. Johnston, R Durrheim, S Spottiswoode, A Milev Oct 2009

Broadband Records Of Earthquakes In Deep Gold Mines And A Comparison With Results From Safod, California, Art Mcgarr, Margaret S. Boettcher, Jon Peter B. Fletcher, R Sell, Malcolm J. Johnston, R Durrheim, S Spottiswoode, A Milev

Center for Coastal and Ocean Mapping

For one week during September 2007, we deployed a temporary network of field recorders and accelerometers at four sites within two deep, seismically active mines. The ground-motion data, recorded at 200 samples/sec, are well suited to determining source and ground-motion parameters for the mining-induced earthquakes within and adjacent to our network. Four earthquakes with magnitudes close to 2 were recorded with high signal/noise at all four sites. Analysis of seismic moments and peak velocities, in conjunction with the results of laboratory stick-slip friction experiments, were used to estimate source processes that are key to understanding source physics and to assessing …

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U.S. Law Of The Sea Cruise To Map The Eastern Mendocino Ridge, Eastern Pacific Ocean, James V. Gardner, Mashkoor A. Malik Jun 2009

U.S. Law Of The Sea Cruise To Map The Eastern Mendocino Ridge, Eastern Pacific Ocean, James V. Gardner, Mashkoor A. Malik

Center for Coastal and Ocean Mapping

No abstract provided.

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Minimizing Vessel Strikes To Endangered Whales: A Crash Course In Conservation Science And Policy, David N. Wiley, Moira W. Brown May 2009

Minimizing Vessel Strikes To Endangered Whales: A Crash Course In Conservation Science And Policy, David N. Wiley, Moira W. Brown

Center for Coastal and Ocean Mapping

The North Atlantic right whale is one of the most endangered of all large whales: about 350-400 individuals remain. Species recovery is, in part, contingent on reducing vessel-strike mortality. Our science-based conservation program resulted in three efforts specifically designed to minimize the risk of lethal vessel-strikes of endangered baleen whales without compromising vessel navigation and safety. In Atlantic Canada, the Bay of Fundy Traffic Separation Scheme (TSS) was relocated to reduce the risk of lethal vessel strikes by 90% where the original outbound lane of the TSS intersected the Right Whale Conservation Area, and an Area To Be Avoided (ATBA) …

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Observations Of River Topography And Flow Around Bridges, Thomas C. Lippmann May 2009

Observations Of River Topography And Flow Around Bridges, Thomas C. Lippmann

Center for Coastal and Ocean Mapping

This investigation was motivated by the amount of river, estuarine, and coastal infrastructure that is susceptible to extreme wave and flooding events. The high velocities and resulting shear stresses associated with high flow velocities are capable of scouring or depositing large quantities of sediment around hydraulic structures. Preventing the failure of these structures and sedimentation in inlets alone costs federal and state agencies billions of dollars annually. In addition to being costly, the manual monitoring of bridge scour - as mandated by the Federal Highway Administration - can be inefficient in states such as Ohio where the flood events that …

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E-Navigation: Challenges And Opportunities, Lee Alexander May 2009

E-Navigation: Challenges And Opportunities, Lee Alexander

Center for Coastal and Ocean Mapping

e-Navigation is a recent IMO initiative that aims to integrate existing/new shipboard and shore-based navigational tools into an “all embracing” system. Defined as: “... the harmonised collection, integration, exchange, presentation and analysis of maritime information onboard and ashore by electronic means to enhance berth to berth navigation and related services, for safety and security at sea and protection of the marine environment” the goal of e-Navigation is to provide an infrastructure that will enable seamless information transfer onboard ship, between ships, ship-to-shore, and between shore authorities. Core elements include high-integrity electronic positioning, electronic navigational charts (ENCs) and improved system functionality …

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Iho S-100: The New Hydrographic Geospatial Standard For Marine Data And Information, Robert Ward, Lee Alexander, Barrie Greenslade May 2009

Iho S-100: The New Hydrographic Geospatial Standard For Marine Data And Information, Robert Ward, Lee Alexander, Barrie Greenslade

Center for Coastal and Ocean Mapping

No abstract provided.

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Mapping In The Arctic Ocean In Support Of A Potential Extended Continental Shelf, Larry A. Mayer, Andy Armstrong, James V. Gardner May 2009

Mapping In The Arctic Ocean In Support Of A Potential Extended Continental Shelf, Larry A. Mayer, Andy Armstrong, James V. Gardner

Center for Coastal and Ocean Mapping

Under Article 76 of The United Nations Convention on the Law of the Sea (UNCLOS; U.N. 1997), coastal states may, under certain circumstances, gain sovereign rights over the resources of the seafloor and subsurface of “submerged extensions of their continental margin” beyond the recognized 200 nautical mile (nmi) limit of their Exclusive Economic Zone (EEZ). The establishment of an “extended continental shelf” (ECS) under Article 76 involves the demonstration that the area of the ECS is a “natural prolongation” of a coastal state’s territorial landmass and then the application of a series of formulae and limit lines that are based …

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