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- Invasive species (51)
- Brown treesnake (8)
- Eradication (8)
- Rapid response (5)
- <i>Boiga irregularis</i> (4)
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- Florida (4)
- Guam (4)
- Management (4)
- Rodenticide (4)
- Boiga irregularis (3)
- Hawaii (3)
- House mouse (3)
- Island conservation (3)
- Risk (3)
- Rodent (3)
- Rodents (3)
- Surveillance (3)
- <i>Felis catus</i> (2)
- <i>Mus musculus</i> (2)
- <i>Rattus rattus</i> (2)
- Alien species (2)
- Amphibian (2)
- Amphibians (2)
- Brodifacoum (2)
- Control (2)
- Disease (2)
- Dispersal (2)
- Early detection (2)
- Education (2)
- Feral cat (2)
Articles 31 - 56 of 56
Full-Text Articles in Environmental Indicators and Impact Assessment
An Evaluation Of Passive Thermal Fumigation For Brown Treesnake Control In Surface Transportation From Guam, Gad Perry, Daniel S. Vice
An Evaluation Of Passive Thermal Fumigation For Brown Treesnake Control In Surface Transportation From Guam, Gad Perry, Daniel S. Vice
Managing Vertebrate Invasive Species
The brown treesnake (BTS) has been on Guam for about 50 years and in this period has caused extensive ecological, economic, and social damage. It has also repeatedly dispersed from Guam via the transportation network, arriving at numerous locations. However, the conditions snakes face in surface shipping are unknown, making assessment of the risk of snake survival impossible. To address this, we recorded thermal conditions in surface shipments leaving Guam and identified factors that determine these conditions. We monitored 16 shipments to locations in Micronesia and the United States mainland and conducted a series of intensive studies at the Naval …
Environmental And Economic Costs Of Vertebrate Species Invasions Into The United States, David Pimental
Environmental And Economic Costs Of Vertebrate Species Invasions Into The United States, David Pimental
Managing Vertebrate Invasive Species
The more than 50,000 species of plants, animals, and microbes introduced into the United States (US) cause more extinction of native species than most any other threat and cause more than $120 billion in damages and control costs each year. In particular, invasive mammals and birds cause major environmental and economic losses totaling about $46 billion per year in damage and control costs per year. Feral cats, rats, and hogs are especially serious pests. Pigeons and starlings are a major concern in cities and US agriculture. Prevention and management strategies will be discussed.
Impacts Of Introduced Species On An Island Ecosystem: Non-Native Reptiles And Amphibians In The Us Virgin Islands, Renata J. Platenberg
Impacts Of Introduced Species On An Island Ecosystem: Non-Native Reptiles And Amphibians In The Us Virgin Islands, Renata J. Platenberg
Managing Vertebrate Invasive Species
Island ecosystems are highly sensitive to the impacts of introduced species. Non-native invasive snakes, lizards, and amphibians can introduce diseases into native populations and have other deleterious effects through predation, competition, and habitat manipulation. The United States (US) Virgin Islands are situated on the Puerto Rican Shelf in the Caribbean Sea and have a long history of human impacts and species introductions. Two species, the green iguana (Iguana iguana) and the red-legged tortoise (Geochelone carbonaria) were historically introduced and have become naturalized with little apparent impact to the local ecosystem. Recent years, however, have seen the …
Habitattitude™: Getting A Backbone About The Pet Release Pathway, Jamie K. Reaser, N. Marshall Meyers
Habitattitude™: Getting A Backbone About The Pet Release Pathway, Jamie K. Reaser, N. Marshall Meyers
Managing Vertebrate Invasive Species
Many people would not consider their family complete without a pet. Unfortunately, for some pet owners, circumstances arise that prevent them from being able to properly care for their companions and pet abandonment has become one of the most common pathways of vertebrate species introduction. It is also one of the most challenging pathways to address once the animals become established, eradication and control programs face significant public scrutiny and are often challenged by “animal rights” groups. Prevention measures are thus the key to minimizing the size and impacts of the “pet release pathway.” Habitattitude™ is a proactive campaign designed …
Population Ecology And Some Potential Impacts Of Emerging Populations Of Exotic Parrots, Douglas E. Runde, Will C. Pitt, J. T. Foster
Population Ecology And Some Potential Impacts Of Emerging Populations Of Exotic Parrots, Douglas E. Runde, Will C. Pitt, J. T. Foster
Managing Vertebrate Invasive Species
Parrots have been transported around the world since the 1400s and about 44 species have established populations outside of their native ranges. At least 70% of these introduced species were identified as potential agricultural pests, compared to only 15% of all parrot species. At least 74 exotic psittacines have been reported in the wild in the United States, but only nine species were considered established. Since 1990, 24 psittacine species have been sighted in the wild in Hawai`i, about 21 species regularly occur on the main islands and at least five appear established. Past history of successful introduction, recent status …
Early Detection And Eradication Of Invading Rats, James C. Russell, Mick N. Clout, David R. Towns
Early Detection And Eradication Of Invading Rats, James C. Russell, Mick N. Clout, David R. Towns
Managing Vertebrate Invasive Species
Invasive rats continue to colonize rat-free islands around the world. To prevent rats from establishing on rat-free islands, especially following their eradication, biosecurity actions are required to enable early detection and elimination. Rats arrive at islands by both human transportation and by swimming. There are very little data on the rates of rat transportation by humans, although it is known that they are not negligible. There are better data on the distances rats can swim, allowing estimates to be made of the risk of reinvasion of islands close to source populations. Biosecurity prioritization must take place across all rat-free islands, …
Dna Detection Of Foxes To Prevent Establishment In Tasmania, Stephen D. Sarre, Rachel Walsch, Niccy Aitken, Alison Foster, Nick Mooney
Dna Detection Of Foxes To Prevent Establishment In Tasmania, Stephen D. Sarre, Rachel Walsch, Niccy Aitken, Alison Foster, Nick Mooney
Managing Vertebrate Invasive Species
The red fox (Vulpes vulpes) has wreaked havoc on mainland Australia’s environment and agricultural production since its introduction in the 1870s. Over the same period, the southern Australian island State of Tasmania has remained virtually fox-free, allowing its unique biodiversity to remain relatively pristine. Recently, an unknown number of foxes were deliberately or accidentally introduced to Tasmania. Some of those animals and possibly their progeny now live in the wild in Tasmania. Finding foxes in a state the size of Tasmania presents special problems for wildlife managers, but is essential to prevent their establishment in this stronghold for …
Flotation Materials For Aerial Delivery Of Acetaminophen Toxic Baits To Brown Treesnakes, Peter J. Savarie, Tom C. Mathies, Kathleen A. Fagerstone
Flotation Materials For Aerial Delivery Of Acetaminophen Toxic Baits To Brown Treesnakes, Peter J. Savarie, Tom C. Mathies, Kathleen A. Fagerstone
Managing Vertebrate Invasive Species
Polyvinyl chloride (PVC) tubes are effective bait stations for delivering dead neonatal mice (DNM) treated with the oral toxicant, 80 mg acetaminophen, to brown treesnakes (Boiga irregularis) in accessible jungle forest on Guam. However, PVC tubes are not practical for delivery of baits to remote areas of jungle or the forest canopy. Further, it is important that baits entangle in the canopy and not fall to the ground where they can be scavenged by non-target animals such as crabs. Data from helicopter aerial deployment of untreated DNM with radio transmitters that landed on the ground in areas of …
International Perspective On Programs Of Invasive Vertebrate Species, Greg Sherley
International Perspective On Programs Of Invasive Vertebrate Species, Greg Sherley
Managing Vertebrate Invasive Species
An account of global initiatives in invasive alien species, including vertebrates, was presented based on the author’s experience and that of colleagues, mainly in the developing world. The account focused on those programs which highlight typical problems or best practice for design and which promised improvements in the future. Some of the characteristics of these programs were described and discussed. Techniques used in vertebrate control programs, especially in developing island states, were also described with a commentary on their efficacy and suitability for use. Finally, some future directions were recommended in terms of the design of in-country and regional programs …
Coqui Frog Research And Management Efforts In Hawaii, Hans Sin, Adam Radford
Coqui Frog Research And Management Efforts In Hawaii, Hans Sin, Adam Radford
Managing Vertebrate Invasive Species
ī The coqui frog (Eleutherodactylus coqui) is native to Puerto Rico and was accidentally introduced to the State of Hawai‘i through contaminated nursery products from the Caribbean. Since its introduction in the late 1980s, coqui have become widely dispersed and in some areas population densities have reached 55,000 frogs/ha. The coqui frog is a species of concern because individual frogs can produce sound levels of 80 decibels (at 0.5 m), which has caused sleep loss to residents and affected the quality of life in Hawai‘i. Economic concerns in infested areas include diminished property values and sales, impacts on …
Pest Eradication Technology – The Critical Partner To Pest Exclusion Technology: The Maungatautari Experience, Cam Speedy, Tim Day, John Innes
Pest Eradication Technology – The Critical Partner To Pest Exclusion Technology: The Maungatautari Experience, Cam Speedy, Tim Day, John Innes
Managing Vertebrate Invasive Species
Invasive pest eradication is an increasingly viable management option for conservation and wildlife managers all over the world. The list of successful rodent eradications from isolated islands continues to grow globally. Now, with the development of effective pest exclusion technologies, the opportunities for eradicating multiple species of vertebrate pests from progressively larger fragments of habitat in mainland situations are also increasing. Attempts at eradicating up to fifteen separate species of pest mammal from indigenous forest fragments protected by Xcluder™ pest proof fencing have been made on the main islands of New Zealand. These include various assemblages of multiple species of …
The Brown Treesnake Rapid Response Team, James W. Stanford, Gordon H. Rodda
The Brown Treesnake Rapid Response Team, James W. Stanford, Gordon H. Rodda
Managing Vertebrate Invasive Species
In the 1940s the brown treesnake (Boiga irregularis) was accidentally transported to Guam and became established. Brown treesnakes have caused and continue to cause major problems for the ecology, economy, and quality of life on Guam. As Guam’s snake densities increased in the late 1970s, extralimital encounters began to be reported on islands with transportation links to Guam. In 1993, a major effort was initiated to reduce the potential for brown treesnakes to accidentally enter Guam’s transportation system. In 2002, a multi-agency Rapid Response Team (RRT) was established to assist in detection and capture of brown treesnakes on …
Monitoring The Sale And Trafficking Of Invasive Vertebrate Species Using Automated Internet Search And Surveillance Tools, Karl Suiter, Sanda Sferrazza
Monitoring The Sale And Trafficking Of Invasive Vertebrate Species Using Automated Internet Search And Surveillance Tools, Karl Suiter, Sanda Sferrazza
Managing Vertebrate Invasive Species
The internet is often an unregulated pathway that can lead to the introduction of invasive species. Surveillance of internet-related sale or trade activities can reduce the movement of potentially invasive species and serve to lessen the risk of an introduction. The Invasive Species Internet Monitoring System automates the process of searching the internet for suspect sites (e.g., internet storefronts, chat rooms, etc.) involved in the sale or trade of targeted species. Additionally, this software system incorporates data management features that permit the archiving of suspect website content, assists subject matter experts in evaluating sites for risk, send informational emails to …
Genetic Options For The Control Of Invasive Vertebrate Pests: Prospects And Constraints, Ronald E. Thresher
Genetic Options For The Control Of Invasive Vertebrate Pests: Prospects And Constraints, Ronald E. Thresher
Managing Vertebrate Invasive Species
Conventional methods for the control of invasive pests are generally effective only on small-space scales or short-time frames. For most well established pest populations, longer-term efforts to manage the problem have been largely abandoned. I examine the potential of using “autocidal” genetic techniques to control terrestrial vertebrate pests, based on the inheritance through males of transgenes that either sterilize females or convert them into functional males (“daughterless”). Simulation analysis of two high profile pest species, the cane toad (Bufo marinus) in Australia and brown rats (Rattus norvegicus) in an urban environment, using realistic parameters, suggests that …
Developing A Decision Support System For Improving Possum Control Planning, Bruce Warburton, Jim Coleman, Mark Fuglestad, James Dietrich
Developing A Decision Support System For Improving Possum Control Planning, Bruce Warburton, Jim Coleman, Mark Fuglestad, James Dietrich
Managing Vertebrate Invasive Species
Brushtail possums are a major invasive pest in New Zealand. A decision support system (DSS) has been developed to enable those involved in operational planning or delivery of possum control to access available relevant knowledge when making operational decisions. The DSS comprises checklists that ensure users consider relevant constraints and issues, a database of best-practice information on possum control, and an “expert” system that recommends actions based on information provided by the user.
Invasive Species: A National Perspective And The Need For A Coordinated Response, Lori Williams
Invasive Species: A National Perspective And The Need For A Coordinated Response, Lori Williams
Managing Vertebrate Invasive Species
The multiple economic, environmental, and animal and human health impacts of invasive species pose complex challenges in policy formation and governmental coordination. The National Invasive Species Council (NISC) was established by an Executive Order in 1999 to provide coordination, planning and facilitate cooperation among the diverse federal agencies and to take a more comprehensive approach to invasive species. NISC, assisted by the nonfederal Invasive Species Advisory Committee (ISAC) has developed several tools and enhanced capacities to address invasive species. Additionally, NISC has helped place greater emphasis on essential prevention, early detection and rapid response, research, public outreach, and international cooperation …
Management Of Invasive Vertebrates In The United States: An Overview, Gary W. Witmer, Patrick W. Burke, Will C. Pitt, Michael L. Avery
Management Of Invasive Vertebrates In The United States: An Overview, Gary W. Witmer, Patrick W. Burke, Will C. Pitt, Michael L. Avery
Managing Vertebrate Invasive Species
At least 161 introduced/invasive vertebrates have become established in the United States and its territories, including at least 81 mammalian, 94 avian, and 86 reptilian/amphibian species. Particularly problematic species include feral cats and dogs; feral pigs; commensal rats and mice; starlings, pigeons, and house sparrows; and bullfrogs, brown treesnakes, and coqui frogs. We briefly review these introductions and the types of damage they cause. We review the basic types of methods used for control or eradication of each taxonomic group, including physical, chemical, biological, and cultural methods. We also discuss some of the challenges in managing these species, including issues …
Welcome And Opening Remarks, Richard L. Bruggers
Welcome And Opening Remarks, Richard L. Bruggers
Managing Vertebrate Invasive Species
Greetings and welcome to Fort Collins. We at the National Wildlife Research Center (NWRC) have had the privilege of organizing and hosting four international symposia since 1993. The first three were on the topics of contraception and wildlife, repellents in wildlife management, and the economics of wildlife damage management.
Today, it is my pleasure to welcome you to our fourth symposium: the International Symposium on Managing Vertebrate Invasive Species. I know our Symposium’s organizing committee has strived to bring you a diverse group of international speakers….all of whom are working on the cutting edge of invasive species research, management, and …
Landscape Genetics Of Feral Swine And Implications For Management, Johanna Delgado-Acevedo, Randy W. Deyoung, Tyler A. Campbell
Landscape Genetics Of Feral Swine And Implications For Management, Johanna Delgado-Acevedo, Randy W. Deyoung, Tyler A. Campbell
Managing Vertebrate Invasive Species
The management of the invasive feral pig (Sus scrofa) has been the subject of intense study in recent years. Feral pigs are also susceptible to diseases (e.g., brucellosis, pseudorabies) that can be transmitted to livestock, humans, and wildlife. Feral pigs clearly represent a threat to the sustainability of multiple agriculture products. Population reduction (trapping or shooting) is the best current alternative for controlling pig damage. However, reduction is crude and inefficient in terms of manpower and resources because pigs from neighboring areas quickly recolonize managed areas. We used a panel of 9 microsatellite loci to study broad-scale population …
Wildlife Contraception: Targeting The Oocyte, Richard E. Mauldin, Lowell A. Miller
Wildlife Contraception: Targeting The Oocyte, Richard E. Mauldin, Lowell A. Miller
Managing Vertebrate Invasive Species
The USDA’s National Wildlife Research Center (NWRC) has successfully researched and developed a number of chemical and immunologically-based wildlife contraceptives. Diazacon™ interferes with cholesterol metabolism and disrupts steroidogenesis, while nicarbazin (registered as OvoControl-P® and OvoControl-G®) disrupts the structure of the vitelline membrane of bird eggs. Immunologically-based agents act to stimulate targeted antibody production. GonaCon™ causes the host’s immune system to bind gonadotropin releasing hormone, preventing ovulation, while SpayVac™ prevents fertilization of the postovulatory oocyte. This kind of target specificity can be highly advantageous. A number of oocyte-only control contraceptive strategies are currently being researched at the NWRC. 4-Vinylcyclohexene diepoxide (VCD) …
Reducing Risk And Enhancing Efficiency In Non-Native Vertebrate Removal Efforts On Islands: A 25 Year Multi-Taxa Retrospective From Santa Cruz Island, California, Scott A. Morrison
Reducing Risk And Enhancing Efficiency In Non-Native Vertebrate Removal Efforts On Islands: A 25 Year Multi-Taxa Retrospective From Santa Cruz Island, California, Scott A. Morrison
Managing Vertebrate Invasive Species
Effective conservation of native biodiversity on islands often requires the eradication of destructive non-native vertebrates. There are risks in conducting an eradication project, however, including the risk that the effort will fail to remove all the individuals, and the risk that the removal of the species will trigger ecological cascades with unanticipated and undesired consequences. Managers must plan to reduce such risks, and also maximize the return on investment of the limited conservation resources available for restoration programs. I discuss four vertebrate removal projects implemented on Santa Cruz Island, CA, over the past 25 years: sheep, golden eagles, pigs, and …
A “Community” Approach To Invasive Species Management: Some Pacific Case Studies, Alan Saunders, Henri Blaffart, Craig Morley, Joape Kuruyawa, Vilikesa Masibalavu, Elenoa Seniloli
A “Community” Approach To Invasive Species Management: Some Pacific Case Studies, Alan Saunders, Henri Blaffart, Craig Morley, Joape Kuruyawa, Vilikesa Masibalavu, Elenoa Seniloli
Managing Vertebrate Invasive Species
Conservation is essentially a social activity – it is about, by and for people. Managing invasive species on islands to reduce their “community effects” (that is, effects on communities of people as well as on communities of plants and animals) makes good sense. Consequently, many demonstration projects supported as part of the Pacific Invasives Initiative involve social and economic objectives as well as biological ones. In New Caledonia, for example, dialogue between conservation agencies and local tribes about a proposed pest mammal control project on Mont Panié has been taking place for nearly 10 years. As well as being involved …
Eradicating House Mice From Islands: Successes, Failures And The Way Forward, James W. B. Mackay, James C. Russell, Elaine C. Murphy
Eradicating House Mice From Islands: Successes, Failures And The Way Forward, James W. B. Mackay, James C. Russell, Elaine C. Murphy
Managing Vertebrate Invasive Species
The house mouse (Mus musculus) has been spread throughout the world by the actions of humans. It causes severe impacts to native ecosystems, especially in areas where there are no native mammals. It is possible to eradicate mice from islands but they are harder to eradicate than rats. A review of reported eradication attempts found that 17 attempts on 45 islands worldwide failed; a failure rate of 38%. The effect of operational factors on eradication success was examined, but no significant model was formed. Brodifacoum is the most widely used toxicant and has a 49% success rate. Mouse …
Climate Matching As A Tool For Predicting Potential North American Spread Of Brown Treesnakes, Gordon H. Rodda, Robert N. Reed, Catherine S. Jarnevich
Climate Matching As A Tool For Predicting Potential North American Spread Of Brown Treesnakes, Gordon H. Rodda, Robert N. Reed, Catherine S. Jarnevich
Managing Vertebrate Invasive Species
Climate matching identifies extralimital destinations that could be colonized by a potential invasive species on the basis of similarity to climates found in the species’ native range. Climate is a proxy for the factors that determine whether a population will reproduce enough to offset mortality. Previous climate matching models (e.g., Genetic Algorithm for Rule-set Prediction [GARP]) for brown treesnakes (Boiga irregularis) were unsatisfactory, perhaps because the models failed to allow different combinations of climate attributes to influence a species’ range limits in different parts of the range. Therefore, we explored the climate space described by bivariate parameters of …
Alaska’S Rat Spill Response Program, Steven M. Ebbert, Arthur Sowls, G. Vernon Byrd
Alaska’S Rat Spill Response Program, Steven M. Ebbert, Arthur Sowls, G. Vernon Byrd
Managing Vertebrate Invasive Species
The introduction of rodents on an island as a new predator usually interferes with natural island biodiversity, particularly on islands without any native mammalian predators. Many Alaskan islands, and most islands in the Aleutian Island region of the Alaska Maritime National Wildlife Refuge (AMNWR), are free of mammalian predators and are vulnerable to invasion by rodents. Rat introduction to islands can put ground-nesting birds, such as seabirds and endemic landbirds, at risk of extirpation. The refuge is also concerned about additional introductions of house mice. As far as we know, the introduction, or “spilling,” of rats onto refuge islands from …
Managing Vertebrate Invasive Species: Proceedings Of An International Symposium, Gary W. Witmer, Will C. Pitt, Kathleen A. Fagerstone, Cynthia A. Clark
Managing Vertebrate Invasive Species: Proceedings Of An International Symposium, Gary W. Witmer, Will C. Pitt, Kathleen A. Fagerstone, Cynthia A. Clark
Managing Vertebrate Invasive Species
Acknowledgments:
Many people worked behind the scenes to make the symposium a success. The organizing committee would like especially thank Sue Brungardt, Patrick W. Burke, Marilyn J. Howell, Susan M. Jojola, Nicole N. Lorimer, Michael E. Pierce, John D. Eisemann, Jeanette R. O’Hare, Barbara L. Messineo, and Laurie A. Paulik for their help at the symposium. We also thank Colorado State University’s Conference Services for assisting with registration and other logistics of the symposium. We thank the staff of the Hilton Hotel, Fort Collins, for providing all the on-site needs of the symposium. We also thank Hilda Diaz-Soltero, USDA Liason …