Open Access. Powered by Scholars. Published by Universities.®

Articles 31 - 52 of 52

Full-Text Articles in Environmental Indicators and Impact Assessment

Palaeomagnetism Of The And-1b Core, Andrill Mcmurdo Ice Shelf Project, Antarctica, G. S. Wilson, F. Florindo, L. Sagnotti, C. Ohneiser, Andrill-Mis Sceince Team Jan 2007

Palaeomagnetism Of The And-1b Core, Andrill Mcmurdo Ice Shelf Project, Antarctica, G. S. Wilson, F. Florindo, L. Sagnotti, C. Ohneiser, Andrill-Mis Sceince Team

ANDRILL Research and Publications

Preliminary palaeomagnetic data are presented for the AND-1B drill core. A total of 1309 samples were collected from the drill core immediately following recovery and splitting. Natural remanent magnetisation (NRM) and bulk magnetic susceptibility data were determined for all samples using a Molspin spinner magnetometer and Bartington Instruments susceptibility bridge, respectively, immediately after collection. Polarity was determined for the upper 700 m of the drill core from 615 stepwise alternating field (AF) and thermally demagnetized samples with an average sample spacing of ~80 cm between 32 and 240 mbsf and ~2 m between 240 and 700 mbsf. Stepwise demagnetised samples …


Clast Provenance And Variability In Mis (And-1b) Core And Their Implications For The Paleoclimatic Evolution Recorded In The Windless Bight - Southern Mcmurdo Sound Area (Antarctica), F. Talarico, Andrill-Mis Science Team Jan 2007

Clast Provenance And Variability In Mis (And-1b) Core And Their Implications For The Paleoclimatic Evolution Recorded In The Windless Bight - Southern Mcmurdo Sound Area (Antarctica), F. Talarico, Andrill-Mis Science Team

ANDRILL Research and Publications

Granule- to cobble-grade clasts in the uppermost 575 m of the MIS drill-core (AND-1B) highlight significant downcore modal and compositional variations, which provide direct information about the potential source regions and evidence of an evolving provenance, most likely as results of variable ice conditions and ice-flow directions during the deposition of recovered diamictites. In addition to a significant contribution from the McMurdo Volcanic Group, the dataset indicates a compositionally varied clast assemblage including several basement rock types which are comparable to the main geological units exposed in the area SW of the drillsite, between the Skelton and Byrd Glaciers. Based …


The Volcanic Record In The Andrill Mcmurdo Ice Shelf And-1b Drill Core, M. Pompilio, P. Kyle, T. Wilch, N. Dunbar, Andrill-Mis Project Science Team Jan 2007

The Volcanic Record In The Andrill Mcmurdo Ice Shelf And-1b Drill Core, M. Pompilio, P. Kyle, T. Wilch, N. Dunbar, Andrill-Mis Project Science Team

ANDRILL Research and Publications

The 1285 m thick MIS core offers an invaluable opportunity to obtain a detailed record of volcanism in McMurdo Sound. Volcanic stratigraphy and preliminary petrologic data on volcanic rocks in the AND-1B core are reported here. Remarkable volcanic deposits include: a) a phonolitic pumice layer found at ≈85 mbsf which is not correlated to any known vent onshore; b) a black well sorted volcanic sands succession (132.83 to 146.79 mbsf) interpreted as being derived mainly from subaerial Hawaiian/Strombolian eruptions; c) a thick volcanic succession in the middle part of the core with an interbedded submarine lava flow. The flow may …


Future Antarctic Geological Drilling: Discussion Paper On Andrill And Beyond, P. J. Barrett, P.-N. Webb, D. Futterer, C. Ghezzo, M. R. A. Thomson, A. R. Pyne, F. R. Rack Jan 2007

Future Antarctic Geological Drilling: Discussion Paper On Andrill And Beyond, P. J. Barrett, P.-N. Webb, D. Futterer, C. Ghezzo, M. R. A. Thomson, A. R. Pyne, F. R. Rack

ANDRILL Research and Publications

Geological drilling technology developed over the last quarter century has provided access to critical knowledge on the climatic and tectonic history of the Victoria Land margin of Antarctica, giving us a new understanding of the history and behaviour of the Antarctic ice sheet in this region over the last 34 million years. The challenge now is to develop a framework within the Antarctic science and logistics communities and other relevant groups for further projects to extend this technology to other areas both around the Antarctic margin and into the interior. This paper reviews some of the issues and offers a …


Operations Overview For The Andrill Mcmurdo Ice Shelf Project, Antarctica, T. Falconer, A. Pyne, M. Olney, M. Curren, Andrill-Mis Science Team Jan 2007

Operations Overview For The Andrill Mcmurdo Ice Shelf Project, Antarctica, T. Falconer, A. Pyne, M. Olney, M. Curren, Andrill-Mis Science Team

ANDRILL Research and Publications

During the austral summer of 2006, a record-setting 1 284.87 metre (m)-long rock and sediment core (ANDRILL [AND]-1B) was recovered from beneath the McMurdo Ice Shelf (MIS) in 917m of water. A custom built drilling system comprising a UDR-1200 rig, jack-up platform, hot water drill, sea riser, and diamond-bit wireline coring string was set up on the McMurdo Ice Shelf approximately 9 kilometres (km) from Scott Base (NZ). The drilling sytem employed technology developed to handle challenging environmental conditions including an 85 m-thick ice shelf ‘platform’ that moved both laterally and vertically, strong tidal currents, and high winds. Drill site …


Geochemical Variations Detected With Continuous Xrf Measurements On Andrill And-1b Core - Preliminary Results, D. Helling, G. Kuhn, Andrill-Mis Science Team Jan 2007

Geochemical Variations Detected With Continuous Xrf Measurements On Andrill And-1b Core - Preliminary Results, D. Helling, G. Kuhn, Andrill-Mis Science Team

ANDRILL Research and Publications

Antarctica and especially its ice sheets play a major role in both the global ocean current system and climate. The ANDRILL (Antarctic Geological Drilling) MIS deep drilling project (McMurdo Sound, NE Ross Ice Shelf, drilled core AND-1B during austral summer 2006/2007) is located in a flexural moat basin filled with glaciomarine, terrigenous, volcanic, and biogenic sediments (Horgan et al., 2005). This basin contains a well-preserved outstanding record of paleoclimate history. During the drilling phase, some major and minor chemical elements were measured directly using a non-destructive X-Ray Fluorescence Core Scanner (XRF-CS) method. For the first time, sediments beneath an ice …


Sedimentology And Stratigraphy Of The Andrill Mcmurdo Ice Shelf (And-1b) Core, L. A. Krissek, G. Browne, L. Carter, E. A. Cowan, G. Dunbar, R. Mckay, T. Naish, R. D. Powell, J. Reed, T. Wilch, Andrill-Mis Science Team Jan 2007

Sedimentology And Stratigraphy Of The Andrill Mcmurdo Ice Shelf (And-1b) Core, L. A. Krissek, G. Browne, L. Carter, E. A. Cowan, G. Dunbar, R. Mckay, T. Naish, R. D. Powell, J. Reed, T. Wilch, Andrill-Mis Science Team

ANDRILL Research and Publications

During the 2006-2007 austral summer, the ANDRILL McMurdo Ice Shelf Project recovered a core 1285 m long (AND-1B) from Windless Bight in McMurdo Sound. This core contains a range of lithologies, including both siliciclastic and volcanic diamictites, sandstones and mudstones; diatomites; and volcanic ash/tuff and one phonolitic lava flow. This sequence has been subdivided into eight lithostratigraphic units and 25 subunits, based on lithological abundances. Eleven lithofacies have been identified, ranging from open marine diatomites and mudstones to turbidites to ice-proximal massive and stratified diamictites. More than 50 glacimarine sequences have been recognized, bounded by glacial surfaces of erosion. Three …


Determination Of And Preliminary Results From The High-Resolution Physical Properties Record Of The And-1b Sediment Core From Beneath Ross Ice Shelf, Antarctica, D. Magens, F. Niessen Jan 2007

Determination Of And Preliminary Results From The High-Resolution Physical Properties Record Of The And-1b Sediment Core From Beneath Ross Ice Shelf, Antarctica, D. Magens, F. Niessen

ANDRILL Research and Publications

A more than 1200 m long sediment core was drilled beneath McMurdo Ice Shelf near Ross Island (Antarctica) in austral summer 2006/07 (ANDRILL-MIS Project). High-resolution whole-core physical properties were determined as one set of parameters to describe changes in the depositional system over the sedimentation period of about 12 myrs incorporated in the core. Four parameters were measured using a multi-sensor core logger: acoustic velocity, wet-bulk density, non-contact electrical resistivity and magnetic susceptibility. Data quality was routinely controlled by measurement of standards. Deviations from the reference values are minimal with regard to the whole spectrum of sediment data points and …


Sedimentology And Stratigraphy Of The And-1b Core, Andrill Mcmurdo Ice Shelf Project, Antarctica, L. Krissek, G. Browne, L. Carter, E. A. Cowan, G. Dunbar, R. Mckay, T. Naish, R. D. Powell, J. Reed, T. Wilch, Andrill-Mis Science Team Jan 2007

Sedimentology And Stratigraphy Of The And-1b Core, Andrill Mcmurdo Ice Shelf Project, Antarctica, L. Krissek, G. Browne, L. Carter, E. A. Cowan, G. Dunbar, R. Mckay, T. Naish, R. D. Powell, J. Reed, T. Wilch, Andrill-Mis Science Team

ANDRILL Research and Publications

During the 2006–2007 austral season, the ANDRILL McMurdo Ice Shelf Project recovered a core 1285 m-long (AND-1B) from Windless Bight in the McMurdo Sound region. This core contains a range of lithologies, including both siliciclastic and volcanic diamictites, sandstones and mudstones; diatomites; and volcanic ash/tuff and one phonolitic lava flow. The succession has been subdivided into eight lithostratigraphic units and 25 subunits, based on lithological abundances. Eleven lithofacies have been recognized, ranging from open marine diatomites and mudstones to turbidites to ice-proximal massive and stratified diamictites. More than 60 glacimarine sequences have been recognised, bounded by glacial surfaces of erosion. …


Downhole Measurements In The And-1b Borehole, Andrill Mcmurdo Ice Shelf Project, Antarctica, Roger H. Morin, T. Williams, S. Henrys, T. Crosby, D. Hansaraj, Andrill- Mis Science Team Jan 2007

Downhole Measurements In The And-1b Borehole, Andrill Mcmurdo Ice Shelf Project, Antarctica, Roger H. Morin, T. Williams, S. Henrys, T. Crosby, D. Hansaraj, Andrill- Mis Science Team

ANDRILL Research and Publications

A comprehensive set of downhole measurements was collected in the AND-1B drillhole as part of the on-ice scientific programme defined for the McMurdo Ice Shelf (MIS) Project. Geophysical logs were recorded over two operation phases and consisted of calliper, temperature, fluid conductivity, induction resistivity, magnetic susceptibility, natural gamma activity, acoustic televiewer, borehole deviation, and dipmeter. In addition, two standard vertical seismic profiles (VSP) and one walk-away VSP were obtained. Radioactive logs (porosity and density) were not run because of unstable borehole conditions. Although the total depth of the hole is 1285 metres below seafloor (mbsf), the depth range for in …


A Record Of Antarctic Climate And Ice Sheet History Recovered, T. R. Naish, R. D. Powell, R. H. Levy, F. Florindo, D. M. Harwood, G. Kuhn, F. Niessen, F. Talarico, G. S. Wilson Jan 2007

A Record Of Antarctic Climate And Ice Sheet History Recovered, T. R. Naish, R. D. Powell, R. H. Levy, F. Florindo, D. M. Harwood, G. Kuhn, F. Niessen, F. Talarico, G. S. Wilson

ANDRILL Research and Publications

Antarctica’s late Cenozoic (the past ~15 million years) climate history is poorly known from direct evidence, owing to its remoteness, an extensive sea ice apron, and an ice sheet cover over the region for the past 34 million years. Consequently, knowledge about the role of Antarctica’s ice sheets in global sea level and climate has relied heavily upon interpretations of oxygen isotope records from deep-sea cores. Whereas these isotopic records have revolutionized our understanding of climate-ice-ocean interactions, questions still remain about the specific role of Antarctic ice sheets in global climate. Such questions can be addressed from geological records at …


Examining Antarctica: A Geological Record Of The Last 14 Million Years Of Antarctic Climate And Tectonic History From Andrill Mcmurdo Ice Shelf Project, T. R. Naish, R. D. Powell, R. H. Levy, Andrill-Mis Science Team Jan 2007

Examining Antarctica: A Geological Record Of The Last 14 Million Years Of Antarctic Climate And Tectonic History From Andrill Mcmurdo Ice Shelf Project, T. R. Naish, R. D. Powell, R. H. Levy, Andrill-Mis Science Team

ANDRILL Research and Publications

During the Southern Hemisphere's last summer, between October 29 and December 26, about 80 researchers, drillers, educators and support staff from four nations met in Antarctica to drill deeper than ever before into the Antarctic continental margin. With a recovery of 98 percent, the new core represents the longest and most complete geological record from the seafloor just off Antarctica. Researchers working on the project hope the core will help them understand Antarctica's storied past.


Background To The Andrill Mcmurdo Ice Shelf Project (Antarctica) And Initial Science Volume, T. R. Naish, R. D. Powell, R. H. Levy, Andrill-Mis Science Team Jan 2007

Background To The Andrill Mcmurdo Ice Shelf Project (Antarctica) And Initial Science Volume, T. R. Naish, R. D. Powell, R. H. Levy, Andrill-Mis Science Team

ANDRILL Research and Publications

The aim of the McMurdo Ice Shelf (MIS) Project was to obtain a continuous sediment core through approximately ~1 200 metres (m) of Neogene (~0-10 Ma) glacimarine, terrigenous, volcanic, and biogenic sediment that has accumulated in the Windless Bight region of the McMurdo Ice Shelf (Fig. 1). The present-day MIS forms the northwest part of Ross Ice Shelf where it has been pinned by Ross Island for the last ~10 k.y., and is nourished by ice sourced from East Antarctic Ice Sheet (EAIS) outlet glaciers in the southern Transantarctic Mountains (TAM). The drill site was situated above a flexural moat …


Synthesis Of The Initial Scientifi C Results Of The Mis Project (And-1b Core), Victoria Land Basin, Antarctica, T. R. Naish, R. D. Powell, R. H. Levy, S. Henrys, L. Krissek, F. Niessen, M. Pompilio, R. Scherer, G. S. Wilson Jan 2007

Synthesis Of The Initial Scientifi C Results Of The Mis Project (And-1b Core), Victoria Land Basin, Antarctica, T. R. Naish, R. D. Powell, R. H. Levy, S. Henrys, L. Krissek, F. Niessen, M. Pompilio, R. Scherer, G. S. Wilson

ANDRILL Research and Publications

The ANDRILL Program successfully recovered a 1285 m-long succession of cyclic glacimarine sediment with interbedded volcanic deposits in its first season of drilling from the McMurdo Ice Shelf (MIS). The MIS AND-1B drill core represents the longest and most complete (98% recovery) geological record from the Antarctic continental margin to date, and will provide a key reference record of climate and ice-sheet variability through the Late Cenozoic. Here we present a synopsis of this Initial Science Report with emphasis on the potential of the record for improving our knowledge of Antarctica’s influence on global climate.


Physical Properties Of The And-1b Core, Andrill Mcmurdo Ice Shelf Project, Antarctica, F. Niessen, D. Magens, A. C. Gebhardt Jan 2007

Physical Properties Of The And-1b Core, Andrill Mcmurdo Ice Shelf Project, Antarctica, F. Niessen, D. Magens, A. C. Gebhardt

ANDRILL Research and Publications

Whole-core physical properties of the AND-1B sediment core were determined on site for initial core characterisation and correlation with seismic modelling to predict target-reflector depth. This was accomplished by the application of a GEOTEK MSCL (multisensor core logger) from which detected parameters were converted to wet bulk density (WBD), P-wave velocity (Vp), and magnetic susceptibility (MS). Due to difficulties in terms of sensor drift, non-contact resistivity (NCR) data were not processed on site. Standards were logged together with the cores throughout the entire depth range to monitor data quality and demonstrate that no systematic offsets occurred between different core diameters …


Petrology And Geochemistry Of The And-1b Core, Andrill Mcmurdo Ice Shelf Project, Antarctica, M. Pompilio, N. Dunbar, A. C. Gebhardt, D. Helling, G. Kuhn, P. Kyle, R. Mckay, F. Talarico, S. Tulaczyk, S. Vogel, T. Wilch, Andrill-Mis Science Team Jan 2007

Petrology And Geochemistry Of The And-1b Core, Andrill Mcmurdo Ice Shelf Project, Antarctica, M. Pompilio, N. Dunbar, A. C. Gebhardt, D. Helling, G. Kuhn, P. Kyle, R. Mckay, F. Talarico, S. Tulaczyk, S. Vogel, T. Wilch, Andrill-Mis Science Team

ANDRILL Research and Publications

This section reports preliminary data and results on petrology and geochemistry of AND-1B core.


Antarctic Ice Sheet Dynamics Through The Neogene From Evidence In The Andrill–Mcmurdo Ice Shelf Project Drillcore (And-1b), R. D. Powell, T. R. Naish, L. A. Krissek, G. H. Browne, L. Carter, E. A. Cowan, Gavin B. Dunbar, R. M. Mckay, T. Wilch, Andrill-Mis Science Team Jan 2007

Antarctic Ice Sheet Dynamics Through The Neogene From Evidence In The Andrill–Mcmurdo Ice Shelf Project Drillcore (And-1b), R. D. Powell, T. R. Naish, L. A. Krissek, G. H. Browne, L. Carter, E. A. Cowan, Gavin B. Dunbar, R. M. Mckay, T. Wilch, Andrill-Mis Science Team

ANDRILL Research and Publications

ANDRILL completed its first season in 2006-07 drilling AND-1B through the McMurdo Ice Shelf (MIS) to a depth of 1,285m below the sea floor, a record for Antarctic margin drilling, with 99% recovery. The alternating glacial-interglacial sediment packages interbedded with volcanics provide a uniquely detailed record of Antarctic glacial and climatic change through the Neogene. This paper summarizes the initial characterization of lithofacies and syndepositional structures relevant to understanding the regime and dynamics of past Antarctic ice sheets based on the ANDRILL-MIS Initial Report. Results suggest that the Antarctic Ice Sheet was relatively cold with little basal melting in the …


Palaeontologic Characterisation And Analysis Of The And-1b Core, Andrill Mcmurdo Ice Shelf Project, Antarctica, R. Scherer, M. Hannah, P. Maffioli, D. Persico, C. Sjunneskog, C. P. Strong, M. Taviani, D. Winter, Andrill-Mis Science Team Jan 2007

Palaeontologic Characterisation And Analysis Of The And-1b Core, Andrill Mcmurdo Ice Shelf Project, Antarctica, R. Scherer, M. Hannah, P. Maffioli, D. Persico, C. Sjunneskog, C. P. Strong, M. Taviani, D. Winter, Andrill-Mis Science Team

ANDRILL Research and Publications

Fossils provide key data sets for the interpretation of the AND-1B core. Calcareous plankton and benthos provide the basis for palaeoenvironmental interpretations of both surface and bottom waters. Calcareous fossils are rare throughout, but occurrences noted are significant. Some calcareous fossils provide potential for age control via 86Sr/87Sr, and palaeoenvironmental information may come from Mg/Ca ratios as well as oxygen and carbon isotopes. Organic-walled microfossils provide an index of reworking and transport, as well as the identifi cation of a possible in situ Pliocene assemblage of previously unknown marine palynomorphs. Diatoms are abundant in the core, with …


Preliminary Chronostratigraphy For The Upper 700 M (Upper Miocene – Pleistocene) Of The And-1b Drillcore Recovered From Beneath The Mcmurdo Ice Shelf, Antarctica, G. S. Wilson, R. H. Levy, G. Browne, N. Dunbar, F. Florindo, S. A. Henrys, I. Graham, W. C. Mcintosh, R. M. Mckay, T. R. Naish, C. Ohneiser, R. D. Powell, J. I. Ross, L. Sagnotti, R. P. Scherer, C. Sjunneskog, C. P. Strong, M. Taviani, D. M. Winter, Andrill-Mis Science Team Jan 2007

Preliminary Chronostratigraphy For The Upper 700 M (Upper Miocene – Pleistocene) Of The And-1b Drillcore Recovered From Beneath The Mcmurdo Ice Shelf, Antarctica, G. S. Wilson, R. H. Levy, G. Browne, N. Dunbar, F. Florindo, S. A. Henrys, I. Graham, W. C. Mcintosh, R. M. Mckay, T. R. Naish, C. Ohneiser, R. D. Powell, J. I. Ross, L. Sagnotti, R. P. Scherer, C. Sjunneskog, C. P. Strong, M. Taviani, D. M. Winter, Andrill-Mis Science Team

ANDRILL Research and Publications

Chronostratigraphic data available for the preliminary age model for the upper 700 m for the AND-1B drill core include diatom biostratigraphy, magnetostratigraphy, 40Ar/39Ar ages on volcanic material, 87Sr/86Sr ages on calcareous fossil material, and surfaces of erosion identified from physical appearance and facies relationships recognized in the AND-1B drill core. The available age data allow a relatively well-constrained age model to be constructed for the upper 700 m of the drill core. Available diatom biostratigraphic constraints and 40Ar/39Ar ages allow a unique correlation of ~70% of the AND-1B magnetic polarity stratigraphy …


Preliminary Integrated Chronostratigraphy Of The And-1b Core, Andrill Mcmurdo Ice Shelf Project, Antarctica, G. S. Wilson, R. H. Levy, G. Browne, R. Cody, N. Dunbar, F. Florindo, S. Henrys, I. Graham, W. Mcintosh, R. Mckay, T. R. Naish, C. Ohneiser, R. D. Powell, J. Ross, L. Sagnotti, R. Scherer, C. Sjunneskog, C. P. Strong, M. Taviani, D. Winter, Andrill-Mis Science Team Jan 2007

Preliminary Integrated Chronostratigraphy Of The And-1b Core, Andrill Mcmurdo Ice Shelf Project, Antarctica, G. S. Wilson, R. H. Levy, G. Browne, R. Cody, N. Dunbar, F. Florindo, S. Henrys, I. Graham, W. Mcintosh, R. Mckay, T. R. Naish, C. Ohneiser, R. D. Powell, J. Ross, L. Sagnotti, R. Scherer, C. Sjunneskog, C. P. Strong, M. Taviani, D. Winter, Andrill-Mis Science Team

ANDRILL Research and Publications

Chronostratigraphic data available for the preliminary age model for the upper 700 m for the AND-1B drill core include diatom biostratigraphy, magnetostratigraphy, 40Ar/39Ar ages on volcanic material, 87Sr/86Sr ages on calcareous fossil material, and surfaces of erosion identifi ed from physical appearance and facies relationships recognised in the AND-1B drill core. The available age data allow a relatively well-constrained age model to be constructed for the upper 700 m of the drill core. Available diatom biostratigraphic constraints and 40Ar/39Ar ages allow a unique correlation of ~70% of the AND- 1B magnetic …


Deep Drilling With The Andrill Program In Antarctica, David M. Harwood, Richard Levy, Jim Cowie, Fabio Florindo, Tim Naish, Ross D. Powell, Alex Pyne Jan 2006

Deep Drilling With The Andrill Program In Antarctica, David M. Harwood, Richard Levy, Jim Cowie, Fabio Florindo, Tim Naish, Ross D. Powell, Alex Pyne

ANDRILL Research and Publications

ANDRILL (ANtarctic geological DRILLing) is a new international, multi-disciplinary drilling program that targets geological records that lie hidden beneath the icy blanket of Antarctica. The primary objective is to investigate Antarctica’s role in global environmental change over the past sixty-five million years, at various scales of age resolution, and thereby enhance our understanding of Antarctica’s potential response to future global changes. Efforts to understand the influence of Antarctica on global climate change require a fundamental knowledge of how the Antarctic cryosphere (ice sheets, ice shelves, and sea ice) has evolved, not only in recent times but also during earlier geological …


Future Antarctic Margin Drilling: Developing A Science Program Plan For Mcmurdo Sound -- Report Of A Workshop Oxford, Uk April 5–7, 2001, David M. Harwood, Laura Lacy, Richard Levy Jan 2002

Future Antarctic Margin Drilling: Developing A Science Program Plan For Mcmurdo Sound -- Report Of A Workshop Oxford, Uk April 5–7, 2001, David M. Harwood, Laura Lacy, Richard Levy

ANDRILL Research and Publications

ANDRILL (ANtarctic DRILLing) is a multinational initiative with the objectives to recover stratigraphic core records for use in interpreting Antarctica’s climatic, glacial and tectonic history over the past 50 million years and at varying scales of age resolution (0.1 to 100 thousand years [k.y.]). A key motivation of ANDRILL is that the role of the Antarctic cryosphere (ice sheets, ice shelves and sea-ice) in the global climate system is complex and poorly known. Understanding the past history of ice volume variation in Antarctica and associated physical changes in this region is critical to proper assessment of the global climate system …