Earth Sciences Commons^™

Geology Of The Clairmont Springs 7.5-Minute Quadrangle And Geochronology Of The Alabama Blue Ridge, Adelie Ionescu

Graduate Theses/Dissertations

The Alabama Blue Ridge (USA) of the southern Appalachians contains metamorphic rocks and structures associated with island arc accretion and continent-continent collision that record the Acadian and Alleghenian orogenies. The western Blue Ridge is underlain by Cambrian to Mississippian, clastic and carbonate, low-grade, greenschist facies metamorphic Talladega belt that formed outboard from the Alabama promontory or along the Laurentian margin. The eastern Blue Ridge contains the Neoproterozoic to Paleozoic, lithologically diverse, high grade, middle to upper amphibolite facies Ashland Supergroup. Geologic mapping of the Clairmont Springs 7.5- minute quadrangle unveils tectonic relationships between the eastern and western Blue Ridge and …

Ground Control Point Assessment For Suas-Based Sfm Photogrammetry, Bailey Dianne Wolf

Graduate Theses/Dissertations

The use of small Unmanned Aerial Systems (sUAS) in combination with Structure from Motion (SfM) photogrammetry is an evolving tool for geoscientists. SfM photogrammetry allows for rapid acquisition of the data that is required to create orthophotos and Digital Surface Models (DSMs) for a variety of field applications. Ground Control Points (GCPs) are used to reconstruct the DSM and evaluate the accuracy of aerial imagery collected from sUAS. When acquiring data for SfM photogrammetry, GCPs are required for spatial referencing. However, questions remain open regarding the effect of methodological techniques on the precision and accuracy of the resulting DSMs. This …

Long-Term Hydrological Impacts Of Historical Logging On Recent Hydro-Geomorphic Conditions, Big Barren Creek Watershed, Mark Twain National Forest, Shoukat Ahmed

Graduate Theses/Dissertations

Despite their important role of headwater watersheds as a buffer for upland soil and vegetation disturbances, there has been little research about the effects of historical logging practices on present-day watershed hydrology and channel form. Middle Big Barren Creek (MBBC) watershed (48 km2 ) drains Mark Twain National Forest in the Ozark Highlands and was heavily logged from 1880 to 1920, reducing native shortleaf pine forest by 90%. Additionally, the frequency of intense rainfall events has increased in the region over the past 30 years. In this study, field surveys and hydrologic/hydraulic modeling were used to evaluate the historical timber …

Historical Changes Of Channel Width In A Headwater Stream System, Mark Twain National Forest, Missouri, Sierra N. Casagrand

Graduate Theses/Dissertations

It is well known that watershed disturbances due to land clearing and agricultural settlement during the early 1800s changed the hydrology and geomorphology of stream systems in the Midwestern USA. However, little is known about the impacts of historical logging on stream systems in forested watersheds. This study evaluates channel width measurements from 38 General Land Office (GLO) surveys completed in 1821, aerial photographs from the 1930’s to present, and LiDAR imagery from 2016/17 to evaluate changes in channel morphology in Big Barren Creek in Mark Twain National Forest in the Ozarks Highlands of southeast Missouri. The area was heavily …

Assessing The Prevalance Of Joint-Controlled Mass Wasting In The Southern Appalachian Mountains, U.S.A., Madeline Konopinski

Graduate Theses/Dissertations

Landslides are common hazards that produce devastating effects worldwide. Within the United States, the Appalachian Mountains are identified as an area of moderate to high susceptibility and incidence for landslides (Mirus et al., 2020; Wieczorek and Morgan, 2008). Given the presence of active seismic zones (eastern Tennessee and Giles County seismic zones) and variable rainfall due to seasonal storms (hurricanes) throughout the Appalachians, ancient earthquake activity or intense rainfall may trigger mass wasting events. Regional bedrock joints may further control the susceptibility of landslides to develop in specific locations during trigger events by providing a pre-existing weakness in the substrate. …

Analysis Of Gravity For The Crustal Structure Of Nepal Himalaya, Kapil Prasad Phuyal

Graduate Theses/Dissertations

Nepal Himalaya is situated in the central portion of the seismically active Himalayan Orogenic Belt, which is geologically segmented by four major mega fault structures: Main Frontal Thrust (MFT), Main Boundary Thrust (MBT), Main Central Thrust (MCT), and the South Tibetan Detachment System (STDS). The MFT, MBT, and MCT are part of the basal decollement Main Himalayan Thrust (MHT) which accommodates the convergence between the Indian and Eurasian Plate. The 2015 Gorkha Earthquake occurred within the MHT system, MHT system itself had been seismically locked since the 1934 Nepal-Bihar Earthquake, complicating the geometry depth of MHT. Available land and airborne …

An Exploration Of Passive Seismology: Applying Seismic Methods For Traditional And Exotic Source Characterization, David Lewis Guenaga

Open Access Theses & Dissertations

As seismology continues to develop both theoretical and observational, so does its ability to be used in various applications. In this Dissertation, I develop and apply new approaches to five distinct projects (chapters 2-6), leveraging large and small high-quality targeted datasets to decipher fundamental and applied processes utilizing the full seismic wavefield. The first chapter introduces this Dissertation by providing broad context, continuity, and technical information about each of the five projects. Specifically, chapter 2 explores a seismic sensorâ??s ability to detect opera in Oak Ridge National Laboratory, TN, using a misfit power spectral density detector. Chapter 3 outlines work …

Understanding The Chemical Weathering Rate And Element Mobility Of Soils: Using U-Series, Nd-Sr Isotopes Ree And Quantum Chemistry Computational Simulation, Jiye Guo

Open Access Theses & Dissertations

Soil played as the central role in the interaction of biosphere, hydrosphere, lithosphere and atmosphere and is the heart of earth's critical zone study. The weathering and element mobility of soils have drawn considerable attention in soil studies since the complexity of these processes and the critical influence towards the earth and humanity, e.g., the global carbon cycles and fertilization. However, the interaction between soils and various factors including precipitation, bedrock ages, altitude is not well understood. Basse-Terre Island at French Guadeloupe, a small volcanic tropical island that has steep environmental gradients of bedrock ages, topography and precipitation, can be …

The Battle Over Cattle: Livestock Management In A Changing Rural Landscape, Monique Salomon, Robert Fincham, Terry Everson

IGC Proceedings (1977-2023)

No abstract provided.

Recent Innovations In Education‐Extension‐Research Networks Of Industrialised Agricultures, Mark Paine, Marianne Cerf

IGC Proceedings (1977-2023)

No abstract provided.

A Typology Of Drought Decision Making: Synthesizing Across Cases To Understand Drought Preparedness And Response Actions, Amanda E. Cravens, Jen Henderson, Jack Friedman, Nina Burkardt, Ashley E. Cooper, Tonya Haigh, Michael Hayes, Jamie Mcenvoy, Stephanie Paladino, Adam K. Wilke, Hailey Wilmer

National Drought Mitigation Center: Faculty Publications

Drought is an inescapable reality in many regions, including much of the western United States. With climate change, droughts are predicted to intensify and occur more frequently, making the imperative for drought management even greater. Many diverse actors – including private landowners, business owners, scientists, non-governmental organizations (NGOs), and managers and policymakers within tribal, local, state, and federal government agencies – play multiple, often overlapping roles in preparing for and responding to drought. Managing water is, of course, one of the most important roles that humans play in both mitigating and responding to droughts; but, focusing only on “water managers” …

Llama De Ayopaya: Towards Marketing Of High Quality Fine Fibre In The Bolivian Andes, M. Siegmund‐Schultze, J. Delgado, A. Stemmer, A. Markemann, A. Valle Zárate

IGC Proceedings (1977-2023)

No abstract provided.

Tropical Forages For Monogastric Animals: Enhancing Smallholders Competitiveness In Local And Emerging Markets, Michael Peters, D. White, L. S. Muñoz, P. Sarria, N. Vivas, F. Holmann, M. Lundy, T. Oberthur, P. Lentes, A. Schmidt, Martin Mena, S. Fujisaka

IGC Proceedings (1977-2023)

No abstract provided.

Emerging Market Trends Of Organic Food In Australia, C. Faiello, Andrea Pardini, L. Litjens

IGC Proceedings (1977-2023)

No abstract provided.

Sustaining Pastoral Linkages To High‐Value Livestock Markets Through Collective Action And Public‐Private Partnerships: A Case Study From Southern Ethiopia, S. Desta, D. Layne Coppock, G. Gebru, S. Tezera, L. Gizachew

IGC Proceedings (1977-2023)

No abstract provided.

Novel Application Of 210po-210pb Disequilibria To Date Snow, Melt Pond, Ice Core, And Ice-Rafted Sediments In The Arctic Ocean, Mark Baskaran, Katherine Krupp, Mark Baskaran

Environmental Science and Geology Faculty Research Publications

We collected surface ocean water, snow, grab ice, ice core, melt pond and ice-rafted sediment (IRS) from 5 ice stations during the Western Arctic US GEOTRACES cruise (USGCG Healy; August 10 – October 7, 2015) and analyzed for 210Po (T1/2 = 138.4 days) and 210Pb (T1/2 = 22.3 years) in dissolved and particulate phases (snow, grab ice, ice core, surface seawater) to investigate the 210Po:210Pb disequilibria in these matrices. Thirteen aerosol samples, using a large-volume aerosol sampler (PM10), from Dutch Harbor, AK to North Pole, were also collected and analyzed for 210Po/210Pb to quantify the atmospheric depositional input to the …

Integrated Geophysical Analysis Over Bathymetrists Seamounts And The Sierra Leone Rise, Alexa Fernandez

UCARE: Research Products

The Bathymetrists Seamounts (BSM) are located northeast of the Sierra Leone Rise in the Atlantic Ocean. The northern seamounts have a southwest to northeast trend which is contrary to the current eastward motion of the African tectonic plate where they reside. The geological history and crustal structures of these features are poorly understood. The goal of this study is to integrate multiple geophysical data to better understand the crustal architecture and tectonic history of the BSM.

The seismic refraction study from Jones et al. (2015) was used as the baseline for isostatic modeling. This dataset suggested the presence of magmatic …

Phragmites Australis Dieback In The Mississippi River Delta: Chemical Profiles Of Soil Types And Restoration Potential, Herie Lee

LSU Master's Theses

Since 2016, there has been widespread dieback of P. australis in the Lower Mississippi River Delta (hereafter referred to as Lower MRD, which is defined as the Birds Foot Delta) with relatively little to no signs of recovery. The cause of the current dieback is not fully understood. This thesis explores P. australis with emphasis on chemical profile characterization of different soil types and its effects on plant growth and the potential for restoration in the Lower MRD.

In chapter 2, I characterized the chemical profiles of soils collected from healthy and dieback stands of Phragmites, and from newly …

The Challenges For Alfalfa Hay Marketing In China, Z. M. Yang

IGC Proceedings (1977-2023)

No abstract provided.

Stimulating Market Led Livestock Production Through Information Communication Technologies: Experiences From Pastoral Areas Of Eastern Africa, R. Kaitho, G. Kariuki, E. Kebebe, J. Gutta, J. Ndungu, M. Kingamkono, P. Dyke

IGC Proceedings (1977-2023)

No abstract provided.

Seed Performance Of Three Interespecific Hybrids Of Elephant Grass × Pearl Millet Under Controlled Deterioration, M. Pozitano, R. Usberti

IGC Proceedings (1977-2023)

No abstract provided.

Marketing Of Seeds Of Stylosanthes — A Tropical Legume In India, Nagaratna Biradar, K. Sridhar, C. R. Ramesh

IGC Proceedings (1977-2023)

No abstract provided.

210po And 210pb As Tracers Of Particle Cycling And Export In The Western Arctic Ocean, Wokil Bam, Kanchan Maiti

Environmental Science and Geology Faculty Research Publications

The distribution and vertical fluxes of particulate organic carbon and other key elements in the Arctic Ocean are primarily governed by the spatial and seasonal changes in primary productivity, areal extent of ice cover, and lateral exchange between the shelves and interior basins. The Arctic Ocean has undergone rapid increase in primary productivity and drastic decrease in the areal extent of seasonal sea ice in the last two decades. These changes can greatly influence the biological pump as well as associated carbon export and key element fluxes. Here, we report the export of particulate organic and inorganic carbon, particulate nitrogen …

Final 2021 Residential Metals Abatement Program (Rmap) School Soil Sampling Field Sampling Plan (Fsp) Submittal #5 [Covering Mcglone Heights And Skating Rink], Pioneer Technical Services, Inc.

Silver Bow Creek/Butte Area Superfund Site

No abstract provided.

An Economic Assessment Of Cattle Raising Enterprises In The Red Soils Region Of China, Neil D. Macleod, Shilin Wen

IGC Proceedings (1977-2023)

No abstract provided.

Comparison Of Production And Cost Between Conventional And Organic Forage Crops, Jong-Duk Kim, C. H. Kwon, S. H. Chae, C. H. Kim

IGC Proceedings (1977-2023)

No abstract provided.

Market Trends For Organic Or Low Input Foods From Marginal Pastures, F. Longhi, Andrea Pardini

IGC Proceedings (1977-2023)

No abstract provided.

Assessing The Impact Of Organic Versus Conventional Agricultural Management On Soil Hydraulic Properties In A Long-Term Experiment, Abdelrahman Alfahham, Matthew T. Amato, Emmanuel Omondi, Daniel Giménez, Alain F. Plante

Agricultural and Environmental Sciences Faculty Research

Investigating the effects of various agricultural management systems on soil hydraulic properties in long-term field experiments allows farmers to evaluate their efficacy in mitigating the effects of droughts and floods, which are expected to intensify in the coming decades. This study's main objective was to quantify soil structural and hydraulic properties in plots under organic manure, organic leguminous, and conventional agricultural management and related tillage practices at Rodale Institute's Farming Systems Trial. Soil cores were collected at depths of 0–10, 10–20, and 20–30 cm and analyzed for soil water retention, saturated hydraulic conductivity (Ksat), soil organic C (SOC), bulk density, …

Localization Of Native Mms13 To The Magnetosome Chain Of Magnetospirillum Magneticum Amb-1 Using Immunogold Electron Microscopy, Immunofluorescence Microscopy And Biochemical Analysis, Zachery Oestreicher, Carmen Valverde-Tercedor, Eric Mumper, Lumarie Pérez-Guzmán, Nadia N. Casillas-Ituarte, Concepcion Jimenez-Lopez, Dennis A. Bazylinski, Steven K. Lower, Brian H. Lower

Life Sciences Faculty Research

Magnetotactic bacteria (MTB) biomineralize intracellular magnetite (Fe3O4 ) crystals surrounded by a magnetosome membrane (MM). The MM contains membrane-specific proteins that control Fe3O4 mineralization in MTB. Previous studies have demonstrated that Mms13 is a critical protein within the MM. Mms13 can be isolated from the MM fraction of Magnetospirillum magneticum AMB-1 and a Mms13 homolog, MamC, has been shown to control the size and shape of magnetite nanocrystals synthesized in-vitro. The objective of this study was to use several independent methods to definitively determine the localization of native Mms13 in M. magneticum AMB-1. Using Mms13-immunogold labeling and transmission electron microscopy …

Evidence For A Highly Dynamic West Antarctic Ice Sheet During The Pliocene, Karsten Gohl, Gabriele Uenzelmann-Neben, Johanna Gille-Petzoldt, Claus Dieter Hillenbrand, Johann P. Klages, Steven M. Bohaty, Sandra Passchier, Thomas Frederichs, Julia S. Wellner, Rachel Lamb, German Leitchenkov, A. Klaus, D. Kulhanek, T. Bauersachs, M. Courtillat, E. Cowan, M. De Lira Mota, M. Esteves, J. Fegyveresi, L. Gao, A. Halberstadt, K. Horikawa, M. Iwai, J. Kim, T. King, M. Penkrot, J. Prebble, W. Rahaman, B. Reinardy, J. Renaudie, D. Robinson, R. Scherer, C. Siddoway

Department of Earth and Environmental Studies Faculty Scholarship and Creative Works

Major ice loss in the Amundsen Sea sector of the West Antarctic Ice Sheet (WAIS) is hypothesized to have triggered ice sheet collapses during past warm periods such as those in the Pliocene. International Ocean Discovery Program (IODP) Expedition 379 recovered continuous late Miocene to Holocene sediments from a sediment drift on the continental rise, allowing assessment of sedimentation processes in response to climate cycles and trends since the late Miocene. Via seismic correlation to the shelf, we interpret massive prograding sequences that extended the outer shelf by 80 km during the Pliocene through frequent advances of grounded ice. Buried …