Open Access. Powered by Scholars. Published by Universities.®
- Discipline
-
- Geophysics and Seismology (346)
- Geology (36)
- Hydrology (12)
- Volcanology (9)
- Environmental Sciences (8)
-
- Glaciology (7)
- Social and Behavioral Sciences (5)
- Life Sciences (3)
- Oceanography and Atmospheric Sciences and Meteorology (3)
- Atmospheric Sciences (2)
- Environmental Studies (2)
- Geochemistry (2)
- Geomorphology (2)
- Plant Sciences (2)
- Water Resource Management (2)
- Data Science (1)
- Desert Ecology (1)
- Ecology and Evolutionary Biology (1)
- Environmental Education (1)
- Environmental Health and Protection (1)
- Environmental Monitoring (1)
- Geography (1)
- Mathematics (1)
- Medicine and Health Sciences (1)
- Meteorology (1)
- Other Earth Sciences (1)
- Paleontology (1)
- Physical and Environmental Geography (1)
- Keyword
-
- CGISS (121)
- Infrasound (12)
- Remote sensing (10)
- Ground-penetrating radar (9)
- Geochronology (8)
-
- Hydrology (8)
- Absolute age (7)
- Biostratigraphy (7)
- Snow (7)
- Thailand (7)
- Zircon (7)
- Carboniferous (6)
- Climate change (6)
- Data assimilation (6)
- Earthquakes (6)
- Machine learning (6)
- Climate (5)
- Critical zone (5)
- Lidar (5)
- Soil moisture (5)
- Vegetation (5)
- Volcano infrasound (5)
- Volcano monitoring (5)
- Basalts (4)
- Correlation (4)
- East Pacific Rise (4)
- Geomorphology (4)
- Intermittent (4)
- Non-perennial (4)
- Precipitation (4)
Articles 1 - 30 of 393
Full-Text Articles in Earth Sciences
Machine Learning And Multisensor Data Fusion For Forest Above Ground Biomass Estimation In Arkansas, Abdullah Al Saim, Mohamed Aly
Machine Learning And Multisensor Data Fusion For Forest Above Ground Biomass Estimation In Arkansas, Abdullah Al Saim, Mohamed Aly
Geosciences Faculty Publications and Presentations
Forests are essential for biodiversity conservation, climate change, natural education, scientific research, and carbon sequestration. This study uses machine learning-based Random Forest (RF) regression to estimate the Above Ground Biomass (AGB) of the Ozark and Ouachita forests at a 10-meter resolution by combining data from Sentinel-2, Sentinel-1, and GEDI (Global Ecosystem Dynamics Investigation) on Google Earth Engine. The RF model included 34 out of 154 variables representing topographical, spectral, and textural factors demonstrating strong correlations with measured biomass. The RF model showed strong performance with R-squared and RMSE values of 0.95 and 18.46 for the training dataset and 0.75 and …
Evaluating Groundwater-Surface Water Interactions At Selected Streams In The Mississippi River Valley Alluvial Aquifer, Usa, And Comparison To Regional Potentiometric Surfaces, Joshua Michael Blackstock, Oladipo S. Obembe, Aaron Shew, Phillip Hays, Phillip R. Owens, Christopher D. Delhom
Evaluating Groundwater-Surface Water Interactions At Selected Streams In The Mississippi River Valley Alluvial Aquifer, Usa, And Comparison To Regional Potentiometric Surfaces, Joshua Michael Blackstock, Oladipo S. Obembe, Aaron Shew, Phillip Hays, Phillip R. Owens, Christopher D. Delhom
Geosciences Faculty Publications and Presentations
Field measurements of groundwater-surface water interactions (GWSW) are critical for quantifying stream leakage, but are often limited in availability. In the Mississippi River Valley alluvial aquifer (MRVAA), USA, GWSW interactions are often inferred through interpolated potentiometric surfaces, which can provide information on GWSW changes through time, but are often limited in spatial resolution. Field measurements of GWSW interactions were conducted at several locations and compared with potentiometric surfaces using objectively calculated cell sizes. The potentiometric surfaces showed similar regional-scale groundwater-flow patterns irrespective of grid cell size. Field measurements of GWSW interactions exhibited a broader range of gaining and losing conditions …
Phase Equilibria Modeling Constraints On Channel Flow Of Metasedimentary Crust Beneath The Southeastern Tibetan Plateau, Govind Joshi, Gregory Dumond
Phase Equilibria Modeling Constraints On Channel Flow Of Metasedimentary Crust Beneath The Southeastern Tibetan Plateau, Govind Joshi, Gregory Dumond
Geosciences Faculty Publications and Presentations
Lower crust of the southeastern Tibetan Plateau includes 100 s of km2-scale zones of low resistivity at 20-40 km-depths indicating the presence of melt +/- fluid +/- graphite. These zones coincide with interconnected zones of low shear wave velocity. Data from central and southeastern Tibet support the occurrence of meta-sedimentary felsic granulites in the lower crust along a backarc-like geothermal gradient. Phase equilibria modeling of average metasedimentary pelite and greywacke bulk compositions constrained by these geophysical data explored the impact of partial melting on shear wave velocity for a range of fluid content. Low shear wave velocities beneath southeastern Tibet …
Explainable Machine Learning Surrogate Modeling For Exit Gradient Prediction In Hydraulic Structures Using Numerical Simulations, Prayas Rath, Jianting Zhu, Kevin M. Befus
Explainable Machine Learning Surrogate Modeling For Exit Gradient Prediction In Hydraulic Structures Using Numerical Simulations, Prayas Rath, Jianting Zhu, Kevin M. Befus
Geosciences Faculty Publications and Presentations
Accurate prediction of exit gradients is essential for designing impounding hydraulic structures, such as dams and levees, to mitigate seepage-induced piping failures. Conventional analytical methods often neglect boundary effects and anisotropy, limiting their applicability in complex geological settings. This study develops an XGBoost-based machine learning surrogate model trained and tested on 8,000 MODFLOW numerical simulations to predict exit gradients under varying hydraulic and geological conditions. The data set covers numerous parameters, including anisotropy, head differences, structure width, cut-off wall depth, aquifer thickness, and uninterrupted riverbed length. The coefficient of determination for test data is 0.88, demonstrating reliable exit gradient prediction …
A Multi-Source Remote Sensing-Based Geocommunication Tool For Global Flood Monitoring And Management, Ebrahim Hamidi, Brad Peter, Hamed Moftakhari, Hamid Moradkhani
A Multi-Source Remote Sensing-Based Geocommunication Tool For Global Flood Monitoring And Management, Ebrahim Hamidi, Brad Peter, Hamed Moftakhari, Hamid Moradkhani
Geosciences Faculty Publications and Presentations
Global warming is expected to increase the frequency of extreme flooding, making rapid and accurate flood mapping crucial for effective risk assessment. Many governmental agencies and organizations are developing flood risk assessment tools; however, due to the lack of observational records, some rely on probabilistic generated data, uncalibrated simulations, or terrain-based methods, all of which are subject to various types of uncertainty. Although remote sensing provides valuable flood data with global coverage, single-source reliance is constrained by satellite revisit rates, resolution, weather conditions, and sensor limitations. To address these challenges, this study introduces a user-friendly application on the Google Earth …
Framework For Mapping Sublimation Features On Mars’ South Polar Cap Using Object-Based Image Analysis, Racine D. Cleveland, Vincent F. Chevrier, Jason A. Tullis
Framework For Mapping Sublimation Features On Mars’ South Polar Cap Using Object-Based Image Analysis, Racine D. Cleveland, Vincent F. Chevrier, Jason A. Tullis
Geosciences Faculty Publications and Presentations
Mars’ south polar cap hosts dynamic landforms known as Swiss cheese features (SCFs), which form through the sublimation of carbon dioxide (CO2) ice driven by the planet’s extreme seasonal and diurnal solar insolation cycles. These shallow, rounded depressions—first identified by Mars Global Surveyor in 1999 and later monitored by the Mars Reconnaissance Orbiter (MRO)—have been observed to increase in size over time. However, large-scale analysis of SCF formation and growth has been limited by the slow and labor-intensive nature of manual mapping techniques. This study applies object-based image analysis (OBIA) to automate the detection and measurement of SCFs using High-Resolution …
Stratigraphic Evidence Of Backwater Morphodynamics And Lowland River Deltas In The Northern Hemisphere Of Mars, C.M. Hughes, J.B. Shaw, A.M. Fernandes, T.E. Swanson
Stratigraphic Evidence Of Backwater Morphodynamics And Lowland River Deltas In The Northern Hemisphere Of Mars, C.M. Hughes, J.B. Shaw, A.M. Fernandes, T.E. Swanson
Geosciences Faculty Publications and Presentations
Backwater morphodynamics describe feedbacks between hydraulics and sedimentation in fluvio-deltaic systems in the coastal backwater zone. On Earth, normalized channel belt width decreases approaching the coastline and drops sharply at the start of the backwater zone. This systematic decrease allows a backwater/belt-width window to be defined, one backwater length upstream from the coast with normalized widths from 2 to 6. We use the backwater/belt-width window to interpret backwater morphodynamics and estimate backwater length on Mars using narrowing channel belts at Aeolis Dorsa. We measure nine belts from martian delta deposits and compare normalized width to distance upstream from an ancient …
Perchlorate Brine Formation From Frost At The Viking 2 Landing Site, Vincent F. Chevrier
Perchlorate Brine Formation From Frost At The Viking 2 Landing Site, Vincent F. Chevrier
Geosciences Faculty Publications and Presentations
The presence and stability of brines on Mars’s surface remain a significant mystery in planetary exploration. Previous mechanisms proposed for brine formation include melting of ice-salt mixtures and salt deliquescence. However, melting lacks a recharge mechanism, and deliquescence is impeded by Mars’s extreme surface aridity. This study explores an underexplored process: the role of seasonal frost in brine formation. Utilizing meteorological data from the Viking 2 lander—the only mission, with Phoenix, to observe in situ water frost formation—I demonstrate that brines can form over approximately 30 sols at the end of winter as frost sublimates. The stable brines exhibit a …
Classifying Detrital Zircon U-Pb Age Distributions Using Automated Machine Learning, Jack W. Fekete, Glenn R. Sharman, Xiao Huang
Classifying Detrital Zircon U-Pb Age Distributions Using Automated Machine Learning, Jack W. Fekete, Glenn R. Sharman, Xiao Huang
Geosciences Faculty Publications and Presentations
The prodigious use of detrital zircon U-Pb geochronology for provenance studies in recent decades has led many researchers to amass extensive datasets (>100,000 dates). When displayed as age distributions, individual samples are traditionally compared using visual inspection and statistical methods, which can become timeconsuming and challenging when using large datasets. We propose that machine learning (ML) can more efficiently classify a sample by its source using detrital zircon U-Pb age distributions. Specifically, we hypothesize that automated machine learning (AutoML), which optimizes algorithm selection and hyperparameters, will outperform an unoptimized Random Forest (RF) classifier and the cross-correlation coefficient (R-2), a …
The 1991 California 'Miracle March': Precipitation Myth Or Miracle?, Cody D. Poulsen, Rachel E.S. Clemesha, Ian M. Howard, Alexander Gershunov, Michael D. Dettinger, Zhenhai Zhang, Rosa Luna-Nino, David W. Stahle, Ralph F. Martin
The 1991 California 'Miracle March': Precipitation Myth Or Miracle?, Cody D. Poulsen, Rachel E.S. Clemesha, Ian M. Howard, Alexander Gershunov, Michael D. Dettinger, Zhenhai Zhang, Rosa Luna-Nino, David W. Stahle, Ralph F. Martin
Geosciences Faculty Publications and Presentations
The term 'Miracle March' is colloquially used in California to describe an anomalously wet spring that alleviates drought conditions caused by a winter precipitation deficit. This study centers on the influential water year 1991, which is the standard reference point for this phenomenon. The spring precipitation impact on water year totals and the geographic extent of the spring precipitation anomaly during the 1991 'Miracle March' (MM91) is without equal in the observational record. This exceptional precipitation episode was initiated by a week-long sequence of extreme atmospheric rivers that started landfalling on February 27th. To this day, MM91 is routinely referenced …
The Formation Of Glacier Dirt Cones, Ryan M. Strickland, Matthew D. Covington
The Formation Of Glacier Dirt Cones, Ryan M. Strickland, Matthew D. Covington
Geosciences Faculty Publications and Presentations
Glacier dirt cones are meter-scale cones of ice covered with sediment and rock. The cones develop through a process known as differential melt, whereby ice underlying thick debris melts more slowly than bare ice. We report observations of dirt cones on the Kuskulana Glacier, Alaska and develop a model that simulates the growth of dirt cones from debris-filled pits in the ice. With this model, we vary ice melt rates, hillslope debris diffusion rates and pit geometry. Cone heights scale with the square root of debris volume and growth occurs in three distinct stages: emergence, flux-controlled growth and melt-controlled growth. …
Enhancing Tree Species Mapping In Arkansas’ Forests Through Machine Learning And Satellite Data Fusion: A Google Earth Engine–Based Approach, Abdullah Al Saim, Mohamed Aly
Enhancing Tree Species Mapping In Arkansas’ Forests Through Machine Learning And Satellite Data Fusion: A Google Earth Engine–Based Approach, Abdullah Al Saim, Mohamed Aly
Geosciences Faculty Publications and Presentations
Arkansas' subtropical climate nurtures extensive forested regions, particularly within the Ozark-St. Francis and Ouachita National Forests. Despite this, the state lacks an up-to-date high-resolution map detailing the distribution of tree species within its forests. This study harnesses the power of machine learning, specifically the Random Forest (RF), Gradient Tree Boosting (GTB), Support Vector Machine (SVM), and K-Nearest Neighbors (K-NN) classifiers, within the Google Earth Engine (GEE) framework. These classifiers are applied to classify tree species distribution in Arkansas' forests by integrating data from various sources, including Sentinel-1/-2, Landsat-8, and the National Agriculture Imagery Program (NAIP). The study evaluates the classification …
Peri-Gondwanan Sediment In The Arkoma Basin Derived From The North: The Detrital Zircon Record Of A Uniquely Concentrated Non-Laurentian Source Signal In The Late Paleozoic, Tyson M. Smith, Marieke Deshesne, Jaime A.M. Hirtz, Glenn R. Sharman, Mark R. Hudson, Brandon M. Lutz, Neil Griffis
Peri-Gondwanan Sediment In The Arkoma Basin Derived From The North: The Detrital Zircon Record Of A Uniquely Concentrated Non-Laurentian Source Signal In The Late Paleozoic, Tyson M. Smith, Marieke Deshesne, Jaime A.M. Hirtz, Glenn R. Sharman, Mark R. Hudson, Brandon M. Lutz, Neil Griffis
Geosciences Faculty Publications and Presentations
During the assembly of Pangea, peri-Gondwanan terranes collided with the eastern and southern margins of Laurentia and brought with them unique detrital zircon U-Pb signatures. Discriminating between individual peri-Gondwanan terranes in the detrital record is difficult due to their similar geologic histories. However, characterization of this provenance is critical for understanding late Paleozoic sediment routing during development of Pangea. Along southeastern Laurentia, in the Arkoma Basin (present-day Arkansas and eastern Oklahoma, southeastern United States), we identified Middle Pennsylvanian (Desmoinesian) strata that exhibit a concentrated peri-Gondwanan detrital zircon signature (e.g., ca. 800–550 Ma). Although several southern peri-Gondwanan terranes (e.g., Maya, Suwannee) …
Palynostratigraphy And Bayesian Age Stratigraphic Model Of New Ca-Id-Tims Zircon Ages From The Walloon Coal Measures, Surat Basin, Australia, K. Sobczak, J. Cooling, T. Crossingham, H. G. Holl, M. Reilly, J. Esterle, J. L. Crowley, C. Hannaford, M. T. Mohr, Z. Hamerli, S. Hurter
Palynostratigraphy And Bayesian Age Stratigraphic Model Of New Ca-Id-Tims Zircon Ages From The Walloon Coal Measures, Surat Basin, Australia, K. Sobczak, J. Cooling, T. Crossingham, H. G. Holl, M. Reilly, J. Esterle, J. L. Crowley, C. Hannaford, M. T. Mohr, Z. Hamerli, S. Hurter
Geosciences Faculty Publications and Presentations
The Surat Basin hosts significant coal and coal seam gas resources. New high-precision CA-TIMS U/Pb zircon ages from tuffs and Bayesian age stratigraphic models are combined with palynology from fine-grained sedimentary rocks and zircon trace elements to provide further chronostratigraphic and biostratigraphic constrains on the Walloon Coal Measures in the eastern margin of the Surat Basin and infer the palaeoenvironment and tectonic setting. The tuff ages range from 165.88 ± 0.11 Ma to 158.84 ± 0.05 Ma, with those from the stratigraphically lower Taroom Coal Measures ranging from 165.88 ± 0.11 to 163.05 ± 0.08 Ma and Juandah Coal Measures …
Perspectives On Modifiable Spatiotemporal Unit Problems In Remote Sensing Of Agriculture: Evaluating Rice Production In Vietnam And Tools For Analysis, Brad G. Peter, Joseph P. Messina, Victoria Breeze, Cadi Y. Fung, Abhinav Kapoor, Peilei Fan
Perspectives On Modifiable Spatiotemporal Unit Problems In Remote Sensing Of Agriculture: Evaluating Rice Production In Vietnam And Tools For Analysis, Brad G. Peter, Joseph P. Messina, Victoria Breeze, Cadi Y. Fung, Abhinav Kapoor, Peilei Fan
Geosciences Faculty Publications and Presentations
Measuring agricultural productivity is a multiscale spatiotemporal problem that requires multiscale solutions. In Vietnam, rice comprises a substantial portion of the cultivated area and is a major export crop that supplies much of the global food system. Understanding the when and where of rice productivity is vital to addressing changes to yields and food security, yet descriptive summarizations will vary depending on the spatial or temporal scale of analysis. This paper explores rice trends across Vietnam over a 19-year period, giving specific attention to modifiable spatiotemporal unit problems by evaluating productivity across multiple time periods and administrative levels. A generalizable …
Diet Specialization Mediates Drivers Of Cucurbita Herbivory In A Semi-Arid Agroecosystem, Hannah L. Gray, Nicholas A. Ivers, Elizabeth Lopez, Brad G. Peter, Scott D. Longing, Magarita M. Lopez-Uribe, Shalene Jha
Diet Specialization Mediates Drivers Of Cucurbita Herbivory In A Semi-Arid Agroecosystem, Hannah L. Gray, Nicholas A. Ivers, Elizabeth Lopez, Brad G. Peter, Scott D. Longing, Magarita M. Lopez-Uribe, Shalene Jha
Geosciences Faculty Publications and Presentations
Herbivory is a major fitness pressure for plants and a key driver of crop losses in agroecosystems. Dense monocultures are expected to favor specialist herbivorous insects, particularly those who primarily consume crop species; yet, levels and types of herbivory are not uniform within regional cropping systems. It is essential to determine which local and regional ecological factors drive variation in herbivory in order to support functional agroecosystems that rely less on chemical inputs. Crops in the genus Cucurbita host a suite of both generalist and specialist herbivores that inflict significant damage, yet little is known about the relative contribution of …
A Laser Ultrasound System To Non-Invasively Measure Compression Waves In Granular Ice Mixes, J. Chris Mccaslin, T. Dylan Mikesell, Hans-Peter Marshall
A Laser Ultrasound System To Non-Invasively Measure Compression Waves In Granular Ice Mixes, J. Chris Mccaslin, T. Dylan Mikesell, Hans-Peter Marshall
Geosciences Faculty Publications and Presentations
Accurate knowledge of snow mechanical properties, including Young's modulus, shear modulus, Poisson's ratio, and density, is critical to many areas of snow science and to snow-related engineering problems. To facilitate the assessment of these properties, an innovative non-contacting laser ultrasound system (LUS) has been developed. This system acquires ultrasound waveform data at frequencies ranging from tens to hundreds of kHz in a controlled cold-lab environment. Two different LUS devices were compared in this study to determine which recorded more robust ultrasound in granular ice mix samples. We validated the ultrasound observations with poro-elastic traveltime modeling based on physical and empirical …
A Cold Laboratory Hyperspectral Imaging System To Map Grain Size And Ice Layer Distributions In Firn Cores, Ian E. Mcdowell, Kaitlin M. Keegan, S. Mckenzie Skiles, Christopher P. Donahue, Erich C. Osterberg, Robert L. Hawley, Hans-Peter Marshall
A Cold Laboratory Hyperspectral Imaging System To Map Grain Size And Ice Layer Distributions In Firn Cores, Ian E. Mcdowell, Kaitlin M. Keegan, S. Mckenzie Skiles, Christopher P. Donahue, Erich C. Osterberg, Robert L. Hawley, Hans-Peter Marshall
Geosciences Faculty Publications and Presentations
The Greenland and Antarctic ice sheets are covered in a layer of porous firn. Knowledge of firn structure improves our understanding of ice sheet mass balance, supra- and englacial hydrology, and ice core paleoclimate records. While macroscale firn properties, such as firn density, are relatively easy to measure in the field or lab, more intensive measurements of microstructural properties are necessary to reduce uncertainty in remote sensing observations of mass balance, model meltwater infiltration, and constrain ice age – gas age differences in ice cores. Additionally, as the duration and extent of surface melting increases, refreezing meltwater will greatly alter …
Paleozoic Evolution Of The Yukon-Tanana Terrane Of The North American Cordillera, Nw British Columbia, R. Soucy La Roche, A. Zagorevski, N. L. Joyce, J. L. Crowley
Paleozoic Evolution Of The Yukon-Tanana Terrane Of The North American Cordillera, Nw British Columbia, R. Soucy La Roche, A. Zagorevski, N. L. Joyce, J. L. Crowley
Geosciences Faculty Publications and Presentations
The origins and primary relationships between tectono-stratigraphic units are fundamental to the terrane concept in accretionary orogens, but they are challenging to assess in metamorphic terranes. In NW British Columbia, three tectonically bounded metamorphic suites of the Yukon-Tanana terrane formed in distinct tectonic settings, based on high-spatial-resolution geochronology and immobile trace-element geochemistry. The Florence Range suite comprises late Neoproterozoic or younger to pre–latest Devonian metasedimentary rocks derived from continental crust, 360 ± 4 Ma calc-alkaline intermediate orthogneiss, and 357 ± 4 Ma amphibolite with oceanic-island basalt composition, consistent with rifting of a continental margin. The detrital signature is dominated by …
Influence Of Subsurface Critical Zone Structure On Hydrological Partitioning In Mountainous Headwater Catchments, Hang Chen, Qifei Niu, James P. Mcnamara, Alejandro N. Flores
Influence Of Subsurface Critical Zone Structure On Hydrological Partitioning In Mountainous Headwater Catchments, Hang Chen, Qifei Niu, James P. Mcnamara, Alejandro N. Flores
Geosciences Faculty Publications and Presentations
Headwater catchments play a vital role in regional water supply and ecohydrology, and a quantitative understanding of the hydrological partitioning in these catchments is critically needed, particularly under a changing climate. Recent studies have highlighted the importance of subsurface critical zone (CZ) structure in modulating the partitioning of precipitation in mountainous catchments; however, few existing studies have explicitly taken into account the 3D subsurface CZ structure. In this study, we designed realistic synthetic catchment models based on seismic velocity-estimated 3D subsurface CZ structures. Integrated hydrologic modeling is then used to study the effects of the shape of the weathered bedrock …
High-Precision U-Pb Geochronology Links Magmatism In The Southwestern Laurentia Large Igneous Province And Midcontinent Rift, M. T. Mohr, M. D. Schmitz, N. L. Swanson-Hysell, K. E. Karlstrom, F. A. Macdonald, M. E. Holland, Y. Zhang, N. S. Anderson
High-Precision U-Pb Geochronology Links Magmatism In The Southwestern Laurentia Large Igneous Province And Midcontinent Rift, M. T. Mohr, M. D. Schmitz, N. L. Swanson-Hysell, K. E. Karlstrom, F. A. Macdonald, M. E. Holland, Y. Zhang, N. S. Anderson
Geosciences Faculty Publications and Presentations
The Southwestern Laurentia large igneous province (SWLLIP) comprises voluminous, widespread ca 1.1 Ga magmatism in the southwestern United States and northern Mexico. The timing and tempo of SWLLIP magmatism and its relationship to other late Mesoproterozoic igneous provinces have been unclear due to difficulties in dating mafic rocks at high precision. New precise U-Pb zircon dates for comagmatic felsic segregations within mafic rocks reveal distinct magmatic episodes at ca. 1098 Ma (represented by massive sills in Death Valley, California, the Grand Canyon, and central Arizona) and ca. 1083 Ma (represented by the Cardenas Basalts in the Grand Canyon and a …
Snow Water Equivalent Retrieval Over Idaho – Part 2: Using L-Band Uavsar Repeat-Pass Interferometry, Zachary Hoppinen, Shadi Oveisgharan, Hans-Peter Marshall, Ross Mower, Kelly Elder, Carrie Vuyovich
Snow Water Equivalent Retrieval Over Idaho – Part 2: Using L-Band Uavsar Repeat-Pass Interferometry, Zachary Hoppinen, Shadi Oveisgharan, Hans-Peter Marshall, Ross Mower, Kelly Elder, Carrie Vuyovich
Geosciences Faculty Publications and Presentations
This study evaluates using interferometry on low-frequency synthetic aperture radar (SAR) images to monitor snow water equivalent (SWE) over seasonal and synoptic scales. We retrieved SWE changes from nine pairs of SAR images, mean 8 d temporal baseline, captured by an L-band aerial platform, NASA's Uninhabited Aerial Vehicle Synthetic Aperture Radar (UAVSAR), over central Idaho as part of the NASA SnowEx 2020 and 2021 campaigns. The retrieved SWE changes were compared against coincident in situ measurements (SNOTEL and snow pits from the SnowEx field campaign) and to 100 m gridded SnowModel modeled SWE changes. The comparison of in situ to …
Snow Water Equivalent Retrieval Over Idaho – Part 1: Using Sentinel-1 Repeat-Pass Interferometry, Shadi Oveisgharan, Robert Zinke, Zachary Hoppinen, Hans Peter Marshall
Snow Water Equivalent Retrieval Over Idaho – Part 1: Using Sentinel-1 Repeat-Pass Interferometry, Shadi Oveisgharan, Robert Zinke, Zachary Hoppinen, Hans Peter Marshall
Geosciences Faculty Publications and Presentations
Snow water equivalent (SWE) is identified as the key element of the snowpack that impacts rivers' streamflow and water cycle. Both active and passive microwave remote sensing methods have been used to retrieve SWE, but there does not currently exist a SWE product that provides useful estimates in mountainous terrain. Active sensors provide higher-resolution observations, but the suitable radar frequencies and temporal repeat intervals have not been available until recently. Interferometric synthetic aperture radar (InSAR) has been shown to have the potential to estimate SWE change. In this study, we apply this technique to a long time series of 6 …
Geotechnical Characterisation Of Coal Spoil Piles Using High-Resolution Optical And Multispectral Data: A Machine Learning Approach, Sureka Thiruchittampalam, Bikram Pratap Banerjee, Nancy F. Glenn, Simit Raval
Geotechnical Characterisation Of Coal Spoil Piles Using High-Resolution Optical And Multispectral Data: A Machine Learning Approach, Sureka Thiruchittampalam, Bikram Pratap Banerjee, Nancy F. Glenn, Simit Raval
Geosciences Faculty Publications and Presentations
Geotechnical characterisation of spoil piles has traditionally relied on the expertise of field specialists, which can be both hazardous and time-consuming. Although unmanned aerial vehicles (UAV) show promise as a remote sensing tool in various applications; accurately segmenting and classifying very high-resolution remote sensing images of heterogeneous terrains, such as mining spoil piles with irregular morphologies, presents significant challenges. The proposed method adopts a robust approach that combines morphology-based segmentation, as well as spectral, textural, structural, and statistical feature extraction techniques to overcome the difficulties associated with spoil pile characterisation. Additionally, it incorporates minimum redundancy maximum relevance (mRMR) based feature …
Geothermal Play Fairway Analysis, Part 2: Gis Methodology, Jacob Deangelo, John W. Shervais, Jonathan M. Glen, Dennis Nielson, Sabodh Garg, Patrick F. Dobson, Erika Gasperikova, Eric Sonnenthal, Lee M. Liberty, Drew L. Siler, James P. Evans
Geothermal Play Fairway Analysis, Part 2: Gis Methodology, Jacob Deangelo, John W. Shervais, Jonathan M. Glen, Dennis Nielson, Sabodh Garg, Patrick F. Dobson, Erika Gasperikova, Eric Sonnenthal, Lee M. Liberty, Drew L. Siler, James P. Evans
Geosciences Faculty Publications and Presentations
Play Fairway Analysis (PFA) in geothermal exploration originates from a systematic methodology developed within the petroleum industry and is based on a geologic, geophysical, and hydrologic framework of identified geothermal systems. We tailored this methodology to study the geothermal resource potential of the Snake River Plain and surrounding region, but it can be adapted to other geothermal resource settings. We adapted the PFA approach to geothermal resource exploration by cataloging the critical elements controlling exploitable hydrothermal systems, establishing risk matrices that evaluate these elements in terms of both probability of success and level of knowledge, and building a code-based ‘processing …
The Portable Hand Streamer: Rapid Seismic Imaging For Shallow Targets, Lee M. Liberty, L. Thomas Otheim
The Portable Hand Streamer: Rapid Seismic Imaging For Shallow Targets, Lee M. Liberty, L. Thomas Otheim
Geosciences Faculty Publications and Presentations
In this paper, we introduce a portable hand streamer seismic system. The system is appropriate for characterizing the mechanical properties of geologic and engineered materials in the upper 5 to 10 m depth and for reflection imaging from tens to hundreds of meters depth. Unlike other seismic land streamer systems that are typically pulled behind a vehicle with a long string of geophones, our recording system and electric seismic source are contained within an electric utility cart to allow ease of mobility for a single operator. Our 48-channel contact-coupled streamer is tethered to the cart to enable low-effort data collection. …
Zircon And The Role Of Magmatic Petrogenesis In The Formation Of Felsic-Hosted Volcanogenic Massive Sulfide (Vms) Deposits: A Case Study From The Mid-Paleozoic Yukon-Tanana Terrane, Northern Canadian Cordillera, Matthew J. Manor, Stephen J. Piercey, Corey J. Wall
Zircon And The Role Of Magmatic Petrogenesis In The Formation Of Felsic-Hosted Volcanogenic Massive Sulfide (Vms) Deposits: A Case Study From The Mid-Paleozoic Yukon-Tanana Terrane, Northern Canadian Cordillera, Matthew J. Manor, Stephen J. Piercey, Corey J. Wall
Geosciences Faculty Publications and Presentations
Magmatism is a critical component in sustaining hydrothermal convection and metal transport during the formation of volcanogenic massive sulfide (VMS) deposits. Previous studies of magmatic petrogenesis in VMS systems have demonstrated that ore-related volcanic rocks have distinct whole-rock geochemical and isotopic signatures (i.e., high HFSE, REE, Th, εHf-Nd, zircon saturation T) relative to barren volcanic rocks, which supports models of elevated crustal heat flow during periods of ore deposition; however, the petrologic characteristics and intrinsic parameters (e.g., T, fO2) related to these magmatic events in VMS districts remain poorly understood. Arc–back-arc assemblages from the mid-Paleozoic Yukon-Tanana terrane …
Chronostratigraphy Of Miocene Strata In The Berkeley Hills (California Coast Ranges, Usa) And The Arrival Of The San Andreas Transform Boundary, Stacey H. Gerasimov, Eben B. Hodgin, James L. Crowley, Nicholas L. Swanson-Hysell
Chronostratigraphy Of Miocene Strata In The Berkeley Hills (California Coast Ranges, Usa) And The Arrival Of The San Andreas Transform Boundary, Stacey H. Gerasimov, Eben B. Hodgin, James L. Crowley, Nicholas L. Swanson-Hysell
Geosciences Faculty Publications and Presentations
Miocene strata of the Claremont, Orinda, and Moraga formations of the Berkeley Hills (California Coast Ranges, USA) record sedimentation and volcanism during the passage of the Mendocino triple junction and early evolution of the San Andreas fault system. Detrital zircon laser ablation–inductively coupled plasma–mass spectrometry (LA-ICP-MS) age spectra indicate a change in sedimentary provenance between the marine Claremont formation (Monterey Group) and the terrestrial Orinda and Moraga Formations associated with uplift of Franciscan Complex lithologies. A sandstone from the Claremont formation produced a detrital zircon chemical abrasion–isotope dilution–thermal ionization mass spectrometry (CA-ID-TIMS) maximum depositional age of 13.298 ± 0.046 Ma, …
Geothermal Play Fairway Analysis, Part 1: Example From The Snake River Plain, Idaho, John W. Shervais, Jacob Deangelo, Jonathan M. Glen, Dennis L. Nielson, Sabodh Garg, Patrick Dobson, Erika Gasperikova, Eric Sonnenthal, Lee M. Liberty, Dennis L. Newell, Drew Siler, James P. Evans
Geothermal Play Fairway Analysis, Part 1: Example From The Snake River Plain, Idaho, John W. Shervais, Jacob Deangelo, Jonathan M. Glen, Dennis L. Nielson, Sabodh Garg, Patrick Dobson, Erika Gasperikova, Eric Sonnenthal, Lee M. Liberty, Dennis L. Newell, Drew Siler, James P. Evans
Geosciences Faculty Publications and Presentations
The Snake River Plain (SRP) volcanic province overlies the track of the Yellowstone hotspot, a thermal anomaly that extends deep into the mantle. Most of the area is underlain by a basaltic volcanic province that overlies a mid-crustal intrusive complex, which in turn provides the long-term heat flux needed to sustain geothermal systems. Previous studies have identified several known geothermal resource areas within the SRP. For the geothermal study presented herein, our goals were to: (1) adapt the methodology of Play Fairway Analysis (PFA) for geothermal exploration to create a formal basis for its application to geothermal systems, (2) assemble …
Cold-Season Precipitation Sensitivity To Microphysical Parameterizations: Hydrologic Evaluations Leveraging Snow Lidar Datasets, W. J. Rudisill, A. N. Flores, H. P. Marshall, E. Siirila-Woodburn, D. R. Feldman, A. M. Rhoades, Z. Xu, A. Morales
Cold-Season Precipitation Sensitivity To Microphysical Parameterizations: Hydrologic Evaluations Leveraging Snow Lidar Datasets, W. J. Rudisill, A. N. Flores, H. P. Marshall, E. Siirila-Woodburn, D. R. Feldman, A. M. Rhoades, Z. Xu, A. Morales
Geosciences Faculty Publications and Presentations
Cloud microphysical processes are an important facet of atmospheric modeling, as they can control the initiation and rates of snowfall. Thus, parameterizations of these processes have important implications for modeling seasonal snow accumulation. We conduct experiments with the Weather Research and Forecasting (WRF V4.3.3) Model using three different microphysics parameterizations, including a sophisticated new scheme (ISHMAEL). Simulations are conducted for two cold seasons (2018 and 2019) centered on the Colorado Rockies’ ∼750-km2 East River watershed. Precipitation efficiencies are quantified using a drying-ratio mass budget approach and point evaluations are performed against three NRCS SNOTEL stations. Precipitation and meteorological outputs …