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Graphics and Human Computer Interfaces

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Articles 91 - 120 of 133

Full-Text Articles in Theory and Algorithms

Colormoo: An Algorithmic Approach To Generating Color Palettes, Joshua Rael Jan 2014

Colormoo: An Algorithmic Approach To Generating Color Palettes, Joshua Rael

CMC Senior Theses

Selecting one color can be done with relative ease, but this task becomes more difficult with each subsequent color. Colormoo is an online tool aimed at solving this problem. We implement three algorithms for generating color palettes based off of a starting color. Data is collected for each palette that is generated. Our analysis reveals two of the algorithms are preferred, but under different circumstances. Furthermore, we find that users prefer palettes containing colors that are compatible, but not too similar. With refined heuristics, we believe these techniques can be extended and applied beyond the field of graphic design alone.

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A Robust Rgbd Slam System For 3d Environment With Planar Surfaces, Po-Chang Su, Ju Shen, Sen-Ching S. Cheung Sep 2013

A Robust Rgbd Slam System For 3d Environment With Planar Surfaces, Po-Chang Su, Ju Shen, Sen-Ching S. Cheung

Computer Science Faculty Publications

With the increasing popularity of RGB-depth (RGB-D) sensors such as the Microsoft Kinect, there have been much research on capturing and reconstructing 3D environments using a movable RGB-D sensor. The key process behind these kinds of simultaneous location and mapping (SLAM) systems is the iterative closest point or ICP algorithm, which is an iterative algorithm that can estimate the rigid movement of the camera based on the captured 3D point clouds. While ICP is a well-studied algorithm, it is problematic when it is used in scanning large planar regions such as wall surfaces in a room. The lack of depth …

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Snap-And-Ask: Answering Multimodal Question By Naming Visual Instance, Wei Zhang, Lei Pang, Chong-Wah Ngo Nov 2012

Snap-And-Ask: Answering Multimodal Question By Naming Visual Instance, Wei Zhang, Lei Pang, Chong-Wah Ngo

Research Collection School Of Computing and Information Systems

In real-life, it is easier to provide a visual cue when asking a question about a possibly unfamiliar topic, for example, asking the question, “Where was this crop circle found?”. Providing an image of the instance is far more convenient than texting a verbose description of the visual properties, especially when the name of the query instance is not known. Nevertheless, having to identify the visual instance before processing the question and eventually returning the answer makes multimodal question-answering technically challenging. This paper addresses the problem of visual-totext naming through the paradigm of answering-by-search in a two-stage computational framework, which …

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Beyond Search: Event-Driven Summarization For Web Videos, Richard Hong, Jinhui Tang, Hung-Khoon Tan, Chong-Wah Ngo, Shuicheng Yan, Tat-Seng Chua Nov 2011

Beyond Search: Event-Driven Summarization For Web Videos, Richard Hong, Jinhui Tang, Hung-Khoon Tan, Chong-Wah Ngo, Shuicheng Yan, Tat-Seng Chua

Research Collection School Of Computing and Information Systems

The explosive growth of Web videos brings out the challenge of how to efficiently browse hundreds or even thousands of videos at a glance. Given an event-driven query, social media Web sites usually return a large number of videos that are diverse and noisy in a ranking list. Exploring such results will be time-consuming and thus degrades user experience. This article presents a novel scheme that is able to summarize the content of video search results by mining and threading "key" shots, such that users can get an overview of main content of these videos at a glance. The proposed …

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Automatic Content Generation For Video Self Modeling, Ju Shen, Anusha Raghunathan, Sen-Ching S. Cheung, Ravi R. Patel Jul 2011

Automatic Content Generation For Video Self Modeling, Ju Shen, Anusha Raghunathan, Sen-Ching S. Cheung, Ravi R. Patel

Computer Science Faculty Publications

Video self modeling (VSM) is a behavioral intervention technique in which a learner models a target behavior by watching a video of him or herself. Its effectiveness in rehabilitation and education has been repeatedly demonstrated but technical challenges remain in creating video contents that depict previously unseen behaviors. In this paper, we propose a novel system that re-renders new talking-head sequences suitable to be used for VSM treatment of patients with voice disorder. After the raw footage is captured, a new speech track is either synthesized using text-to-speech or selected based on voice similarity from a database of clean speeches. …

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In-Degree Dynamics Of Large-Scale P2p Systems, Zhongmei Yao, Daren B. H. Cline, Dmitri Loguinov Jan 2011

In-Degree Dynamics Of Large-Scale P2p Systems, Zhongmei Yao, Daren B. H. Cline, Dmitri Loguinov

Computer Science Faculty Publications

This paper builds a complete modeling framework for understanding user churn and in-degree dynamics in unstructured P2P systems in which each user can be viewed as a stationary alternating renewal process. While the classical Poisson result on the superposition of n stationary renewal processes for n→∞ requires that each point process become sparser as n increases, it is often difficult to rigorously show this condition in practice. In this paper, we first prove that despite user heterogeneity and non-Poisson arrival dynamics, a superposition of edge-arrival processes to a live user under uniform selection converges to a Poisson process when …

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3d Face Reconstruction From Limited Images Based On Differential Evolution, Qun Wang, Jiang Li, Vijayan K. Asari, Mohammad A. Karim, Andrew G. Tescher (Ed.) Jan 2011

3d Face Reconstruction From Limited Images Based On Differential Evolution, Qun Wang, Jiang Li, Vijayan K. Asari, Mohammad A. Karim, Andrew G. Tescher (Ed.)

Electrical & Computer Engineering Faculty Publications

3D face modeling has been one of the greatest challenges for researchers in computer graphics for many years. Various methods have been used to model the shape and texture of faces under varying illumination and pose conditions from a single given image. In this paper, we propose a novel method for the 3D face synthesis and reconstruction by using a simple and efficient global optimizer. A 3D-2D matching algorithm which employs the integration of the 3D morphable model (3DMM) and the differential evolution (DE) algorithm is addressed. In 3DMM, the estimation process of fitting shape and texture information into 2D …

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Enhancement Technique For Aerial Images, Sertan Erkanli, Ahmet Gungor Pakfiliz, Jiang Li Jan 2011

Enhancement Technique For Aerial Images, Sertan Erkanli, Ahmet Gungor Pakfiliz, Jiang Li

Electrical & Computer Engineering Faculty Publications

Recently, we proposed an enhancement technique for uniformly and non-uniformly illuminated dark images that provides high color accuracy and better balance between the luminance and the contrast in images to improve the visual representations of digital images. In this paper we define an improved version of the proposed algorithm to enhance aerial images in order to reduce the gap between direct observation of a scene and its recorded image.

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Program Transformations For Information Personalization, Saverio Perugini, Naren Ramakrishnan Oct 2010

Program Transformations For Information Personalization, Saverio Perugini, Naren Ramakrishnan

Computer Science Faculty Publications

Personalization constitutes the mechanisms necessary to automatically customize information content, structure, and presentation to the end user to reduce information overload. Unlike traditional approaches to personalization, the central theme of our approach is to model a website as a program and conduct website transformation for personalization by program transformation (e.g., partial evaluation, program slicing). The goal of this paper is study personalization through a program transformation lens and develop a formal model, based on program transformations, for personalized interaction with hierarchical hypermedia. The specific research issues addressed involve identifying and developing program representations and transformations suitable for classes of hierarchical …

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Personalization By Website Transformation: Theory And Practice, Saverio Perugini May 2010

Personalization By Website Transformation: Theory And Practice, Saverio Perugini

Computer Science Faculty Publications

We present an analysis of a progressive series of out-of-turn transformations on a hierarchical website to personalize a user’s interaction with the site. We formalize the transformation in graph-theoretic terms and describe a toolkit we built that enumerates all of the traversals enabled by every possible complete series of these transformations in any site and computes a variety of metrics while simulating each traversal therein to qualify the relationship between a site’s structure and the cumulative effect of support for the transformation in a site. We employed this toolkit in two websites. The results indicate that the transformation enables users …

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Supporting Multiple Paths To Objects In Information Hierarchies: Faceted Classification, Faceted Search, And Symbolic Links, Saverio Perugini Jan 2010

Supporting Multiple Paths To Objects In Information Hierarchies: Faceted Classification, Faceted Search, And Symbolic Links, Saverio Perugini

Computer Science Faculty Publications

We present three fundamental, interrelated approaches to support multiple access paths to each terminal object in information hierarchies: faceted classification, faceted search, and web directories with embedded symbolic links. This survey aims to demonstrate how each approach supports users who seek information from multiple perspectives. We achieve this by exploring each approach, the relationships between these approaches, including tradeoffs, and how they can be used in concert, while focusing on a core set of hypermedia elements common to all. This approach provides a foundation from which to study, understand, and synthesize applications which employ these techniques. This survey does not …

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Cbtv: Visualising Case Bases For Similarity Measure Design And Selection, Brian Mac Namee, Sarah Jane Delany Jan 2010

Cbtv: Visualising Case Bases For Similarity Measure Design And Selection, Brian Mac Namee, Sarah Jane Delany

Conference papers

In CBR the design and selection of similarity measures is paramount. Selection can benefit from the use of exploratory visualisation- based techniques in parallel with techniques such as cross-validation ac- curacy comparison. In this paper we present the Case Base Topology Viewer (CBTV) which allows the application of different similarity mea- sures to a case base to be visualised so that system designers can explore the case base and the associated decision boundary space. We show, using a range of datasets and similarity measure types, how the idiosyncrasies of particular similarity measures can be illustrated and compared in CBTV allowing …

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User Interface Design, Moritz Stefaner, Sebastien Ferre, Saverio Perugini, Jonathan Koren, Yi Zhang Jan 2009

User Interface Design, Moritz Stefaner, Sebastien Ferre, Saverio Perugini, Jonathan Koren, Yi Zhang

Computer Science Faculty Publications

As detailed in Chap. 1, system implementations for dynamic taxonomies and faceted search allow a wide range of query possibilities on the data. Only when these are made accessible by appropriate user interfaces, the resulting applications can support a variety of search, browsing and analysis tasks. User interface design in this area is confronted with specific challenges. This chapter presents an overview of both established and novel principles and solutions.

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Exploring Out-Of-Turn Interactions With Websites, Saverio Perugini, Naren Ramakrishnan, Manuel A. Pérez-Quiñones, Mary E. Pinney, Mary Beth Rosson Jan 2009

Exploring Out-Of-Turn Interactions With Websites, Saverio Perugini, Naren Ramakrishnan, Manuel A. Pérez-Quiñones, Mary E. Pinney, Mary Beth Rosson

Computer Science Faculty Publications

Hierarchies are ubiquitous on the web for structuring online catalogs and indexing multidimensional attributed data sets. They are a natural metaphor for information seeking if their levelwise structure mirrors the user's conception of the underlying domain. In other cases, they can be frustrating, especially if multiple drill‐downs are necessary to arrive at information of interest. To support a broad range of users, site designers often expose multiple faceted classifications or provide within‐page pruning mechanisms. We present a new technique, called out-of-turn interaction, that increases the richness of user interaction at hierarchical sites, without enumerating all possible completion paths in the …

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Accelerating Near-Duplicate Video Matching By Combining Visual Similarity And Alignment Distortion, Hung-Khoon Tan, Xiao Wu, Chong-Wah Ngo, Wan-Lei Zhao Oct 2008

Accelerating Near-Duplicate Video Matching By Combining Visual Similarity And Alignment Distortion, Hung-Khoon Tan, Xiao Wu, Chong-Wah Ngo, Wan-Lei Zhao

Research Collection School Of Computing and Information Systems

In this paper, we investigate a novel approach to accelerate the matching of two video clips by exploiting the temporal coherence property inherent in the keyframe sequence of a video. Motivated by the fact that keyframe correspondences between near-duplicate videos typically follow certain spatial arrangements, such property could be employed to guide the alignment of two keyframe sequences. We set the alignment problem as an integer quadratic programming problem, where the cost function takes into account both the visual similarity of the corresponding keyframes as well as the alignment distortion among the set of correspondences. The set of keyframe-pairs found …

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Mining Web-Functional Dependencies For Flexible Information Access, Saverio Perugini, Naren Ramakrishnan Oct 2007

Mining Web-Functional Dependencies For Flexible Information Access, Saverio Perugini, Naren Ramakrishnan

Computer Science Faculty Publications

We present an approach to enhancing information access through Web structure mining in contrast to traditional approaches involving usage mining. Specifically, we mine the hardwired hierarchical hyperlink structure of Web sites to identify patterns of term-term co-occurrences we call Web functional dependencies (FDs). Intuitively, a Web FD ‘x y’ declares that all paths through a site involving a hyperlink labeled x also contain a hyperlink labeled y. The complete set of FDs satisfied by a site help characterize (flexible and expressive) interaction paradigms supported by a site, where a paradigm is the set of explorable sequences therein. …

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Neighborhood Defined Adaboost Based Mixture Of Color Components For Efficient Skin Segmentation, Ramya Reddy Maaram Oct 2007

Neighborhood Defined Adaboost Based Mixture Of Color Components For Efficient Skin Segmentation, Ramya Reddy Maaram

Electrical & Computer Engineering Theses & Dissertations

A skin segmentation algorithm robust to illumination changes and skin-like backgrounds is developed in this thesis. So far skin pixel classification has been limited to only individual color spaces and there has not been a comprehensive evaluation of which color components or combination of color components would provide the best classification accuracy, Color components in a given color space form the feature set for the classification of skin pixels. The combination of the color components or the features present within a single color space may not be the best when it comes to skin pixel classification as the discriminatory power …

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A Wavelet Based Complementary Approach For Image Enhancement, Ismail Kosum Apr 2007

A Wavelet Based Complementary Approach For Image Enhancement, Ismail Kosum

Electrical & Computer Engineering Theses & Dissertations

Detail in an image means more meaningful information that is very important in many computer vision and pattern recognition applications. The object region visibility in an image plays an important role in obtaining accurate and desired information from the original image. In particular, image processing techniques developed for region segmentation and object classification have better results depending on the visibility in images. There are several enhancement techniques available which are capable of obtaining clear images with balanced lighting and contrast. In this thesis, a completely image dependent approach to enhance the luminance of images under extreme lighting conditions and a …

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Modeling Heterogeneous User Churn And Local Resilience Of Unstructured P2p Networks, Zhongmei Yao, Derek Leonard, Dmitri Loguinov, Xiaoming Wang Nov 2006

Modeling Heterogeneous User Churn And Local Resilience Of Unstructured P2p Networks, Zhongmei Yao, Derek Leonard, Dmitri Loguinov, Xiaoming Wang

Computer Science Faculty Publications

Previous analytical results on the resilience of unstructured P2P systems have not explicitly modeled heterogeneity of user churn (i.e., difference in online behavior) or the impact of in-degree on system resilience. To overcome these limitations, we introduce a generic model of heterogeneous user churn, derive the distribution of the various metrics observed in prior experimental studies (e.g., lifetime distribution of joining users, joint distribution of session time of alive peers, and residual lifetime of a randomly selected user), derive several closed-form results on the transient behavior of in-degree, and eventually obtain the joint in/out degree isolation probability as a simple …

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Fast Tracking Of Near-Duplicate Keyframes In Broadcast Domain With Transitivity Propagation, Chong-Wah Ngo, Wan-Lei Zhao, Yu-Gang Jiang Oct 2006

Fast Tracking Of Near-Duplicate Keyframes In Broadcast Domain With Transitivity Propagation, Chong-Wah Ngo, Wan-Lei Zhao, Yu-Gang Jiang

Research Collection School Of Computing and Information Systems

The identification of near-duplicate keyframe (NDK) pairs is a useful task for a variety of applications such as news story threading and content-based video search. In this paper, we propose a novel approach for the discovery and tracking of NDK pairs and threads in the broadcast domain. The detection of NDKs in a large data set is a challenging task due to the fact that when the data set increases linearly, the computational cost increases in a quadratic speed, and so does the number of false alarms. This paper explores the symmetric and transitive nature of near-duplicate for the effective …

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Interacting With Web Hierarchies, Saverio Perugini, Naren Ramakrishnan Jun 2006

Interacting With Web Hierarchies, Saverio Perugini, Naren Ramakrishnan

Computer Science Faculty Publications

Web site interfaces are a particularly good fit for hierarchies in the broadest sense of that idea, i.e. a classification with multiple attributes, not necessarily a tree structure. Several adaptive interface designs are emerging that support flexible navigation orders, exposing and exploring dependencies, and procedural information-seeking tasks. This paper provides a context and vocabulary for thinking about hierarchical Web sites and their design. The paper identifies three features that interface to information hierarchies. These are flexible navigation orders, the ability to expose and explore dependencies, and support for procedural tasks. A few examples of these features are also provided

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Gestalt-Based Feature Similarity Measure In Trademark Database, Hui Jiang, Chong-Wah Ngo, Hung-Khoon Tan May 2006

Gestalt-Based Feature Similarity Measure In Trademark Database, Hui Jiang, Chong-Wah Ngo, Hung-Khoon Tan

Research Collection School Of Computing and Information Systems

Motivated by the studies in Gestalt principle, this paper describes a novel approach on the adaptive selection of visual features for trademark retrieval. We consider five kinds of visual saliencies: symmetry, continuity, proximity, parallelism and closure property. The first saliency is based on Zernike moments, while the others are modeled by geometric elements extracted illusively as a whole from a trademark. Given a query trademark, we adaptively determine the features appropriate for retrieval by investigating its visual saliencies. We show that in most cases, either geometric or symmetric features can give us good enough accuracy. To measure the similarity of …

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Realtime Query Expansion And Procedural Interfaces For Information Hierarchies, Saverio Perugini Jan 2006

Realtime Query Expansion And Procedural Interfaces For Information Hierarchies, Saverio Perugini

Computer Science Faculty Publications

We demonstrate the use of two user interfaces for interacting with web hierarchies. One uses the dependencies underlying a hierarchy to perform real-time query expansion and, in this way, acts as an in situ feedback mechanism. The other enables the user to cascade the output from one interaction to the input of another, and so on, and, in this way, supports procedural information-seeking tasks without disrupting the flow of interaction.

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Information Assurance Through Binary Vulnerability Auditing, William B. Kimball, Saverio Perugini Jan 2006

Information Assurance Through Binary Vulnerability Auditing, William B. Kimball, Saverio Perugini

Computer Science Faculty Publications

The goal of this research is to develop improved methods of discovering vulnerabilities in software. A large volume of software, from the most frequently used programs on a desktop computer, such as web browsers, e-mail programs, and word processing applications, to mission-critical services for the space shuttle, is unintentionally vulnerable to attacks and thus insecure. By seeking to improve the identification of vulnerabilities in software, the security community can save the time and money necessary to restore compromised computer systems. In addition, this research is imperative to activities of national security such as counterterrorism. The current approach involves a systematic …

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Using Agents For Unification Of Information Extraction And Data Mining, Sharjeel Imtiaz, Azmat Hussain, Dr. Sikandar Hiyat Aug 2005

Using Agents For Unification Of Information Extraction And Data Mining, Sharjeel Imtiaz, Azmat Hussain, Dr. Sikandar Hiyat

International Conference on Information and Communication Technologies

Early work for unification of information extraction and data mining is motivational and problem stated work. This paper proposes a solution framework for unification using intelligent agents. A Relation manager agent extracted feature with cross feedback approach and also provide a Unified Undirected graphical handle. An RPM agent an approach to minimize loop back proposes pooling and model utilization with common parameter for both text and entity level abstractions.

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Automatically Discovering The Number Of Clusters In Web Page Datasets, Zhongmei Yao Jun 2005

Automatically Discovering The Number Of Clusters In Web Page Datasets, Zhongmei Yao

Computer Science Faculty Publications

Clustering is well-suited for Web mining by automatically organizing Web pages into categories, each of which contains Web pages having similar contents. However, one problem in clustering is the lack of general methods to automatically determine the number of categories or clusters. For the Web domain in particular, currently there is no such method suitable for Web page clustering. In an attempt to address this problem, we discover a constant factor that characterizes the Web domain, based on which we propose a new method for automatically determining the number of clusters in Web page data sets. We discover that the …

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Indexing And Matching Of Polyphonic Songs For Query-By-Singing System, Tat-Wan Leung, Chong-Wah Ngo Oct 2004

Indexing And Matching Of Polyphonic Songs For Query-By-Singing System, Tat-Wan Leung, Chong-Wah Ngo

Research Collection School Of Computing and Information Systems

This paper investigates the issues in polyphonic popular song retrieval. The problems that we consider include singing voice extraction, melodic curve representation, and database indexing. Initially, polyphonic songs are decomposed into singing voices and instruments sounds in both time and frequency domains based on SVM and ICA. The extracted singing voices are represented as two melodic curves that model the statistical mean and neighborhood similarity of notes. To speed up the matching between songs and query, we further adopt proportional transportation distance to index the songs as vantage point trees. Encouraging results have been obtained through experiments.

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Structuring Home Video By Snippet Detection And Pattern Parsing, Zailiang Pan, Chong-Wah Ngo Oct 2004

Structuring Home Video By Snippet Detection And Pattern Parsing, Zailiang Pan, Chong-Wah Ngo

Research Collection School Of Computing and Information Systems

Hand-held camcorders have been popularly used in capturing and documenting daily lives. Nonetheless, searching for personal memories in home videos is still a laborious task. This paper describes novel approaches in detecting snippets and patterns in home videos for content indexing. To deal with the fact that most shots are long and with handshake artifacts, a motion analysis algorithm based on Kalman filter and finite state machine is proposed to decompose videos into tables of snippets. Each snippet is represented by a set of moving and static patterns. The moving patterns are automatically detected and tracked, while the static patterns …

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Recommender Systems Research: A Connection-Centric Survey, Saverio Perugini, Marcos André Gonçalves, Edward A. Fox Sep 2004

Recommender Systems Research: A Connection-Centric Survey, Saverio Perugini, Marcos André Gonçalves, Edward A. Fox

Computer Science Faculty Publications

Recommender systems attempt to reduce information overload and retain customers by selecting a subset of items from a universal set based on user preferences. While research in recommender systems grew out of information retrieval and filtering, the topic has steadily advanced into a legitimate and challenging research area of its own. Recommender systems have traditionally been studied from a content-based filtering vs. collaborative design perspective. Recommendations, however, are not delivered within a vacuum, but rather cast within an informal community of users and social context. Therefore, ultimately all recommender systems make connections among people and thus should be surveyed from …

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Staging Transformations For Multimodal Web Interaction Management, Michael Narayan, Christopher Williams, Saverio Perugini, Naren Ramakrishnan Jan 2004

Staging Transformations For Multimodal Web Interaction Management, Michael Narayan, Christopher Williams, Saverio Perugini, Naren Ramakrishnan

Computer Science Faculty Publications

Multimodal interfaces are becoming increasingly ubiquitous with the advent of mobile devices, accessibility considerations, and novel software technologies that combine diverse interaction media. In addition to improving access and delivery capabilities, such interfaces enable flexible and personalized dialogs with websites, much like a conversation between humans. In this paper, we present a software framework for multimodal web interaction management that supports mixed-initiative dialogs between users and websites. A mixed-initiative dialog is one where the user and the website take turns changing the flow of interaction. The framework supports the functional specification and realization of such dialogs using staging transformations – …

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