Artificial Intelligence and Robotics Commons^™

Ai In The Judiciary: The Singapore Case, Nydia Remolina Leon

Research Collection Yong Pung How School Of Law

This paper examines the integration of Artificial Intelligence (AI) within the judicial system of Singapore. Singapore's judiciary has embraced AI not as a tool for adjudication, but as an augmentative instrument for legal research, procedural efficiency, and access to justice. It provides a detailed account of AI use cases in the courts, including case summarization, evidence review, assistance for selfrepresented litigants, and tools like the Divorce Assets Informative Division Estimator. The discussion then turns to the legal profession, exploring how law firms in Singapore are adopting AI technologies. The paper also addresses how AI implementation in the judicial system is …

Teaching Ai Ethics And Skepticism: The Impact Of Instruction On Ethical Usage On Students’ Perceptions, Jenna D. Justin

Journal of Practitioner Research

This study investigates the ethical implications of artificial intelligence (AI) in K-12 education, focusing on how explicit instruction influences students' perceptions of AI tools like ChatGPT. Conducted with 80 sixth-grade students at A.D. Henderson University School and FAU High School, the research tracks changes in student understanding and skepticism of AI following a World History unit. Pre- and post-instruction surveys revealed a decline in comfort with AI as students became more aware of its ethical concerns, including plagiarism, bias, and misinformation. The findings suggest integrating AI ethics into the middle school curriculum to foster responsible AI usage among students.

Stranger Disputes: When Artificial Intelligence Turns Arbitration Upside Down, Imre Stephen Szalai

Pepperdine Dispute Resolution Law Journal

Arbitration agreements are everywhere in the United States. These agreements already block access to courts in a troubling manner, and pursuant to these agreements, parties must resolve their disputes before a private, human arbitrator with broad, virtually unreviewable powers. However, with the growth of AI, companies could easily redraft their contracts to require arbitration before non-human bots or AI arbitrators instead of a human arbitrator. Based on the history, values, policy, and text of the Federal Arbitration Act (FAA), this Article concludes that the FAA would govern and support the use of an AI arbitrator. As a result, a pre-dispute …

Limitations Of Using Large Language Models For Automated Essay Scoring, Thomas A. Fink

Theses

Background: Automated essay scoring (AES) is a challenging deep learning problem. The two most widely used methods for predicting essay quality scores, supervised learning-based and LLM-based, have their own limitations. Although supervised learning-based methods are more accurate, they only predict a score and do not offer descriptive feedback to students. On the other hand, LLM-based methods can offer rubric-guided feedback but are known to be less accurate.

Methods: This work focuses on improving the accuracy of state-of-the-art LLM-based AES methods. We began by thoroughly investigating why these methods were performing poorly for certain datasets and certain examples. This led us …

"Chatgpt Told Me To Say It": Ai Chatbots And Class Participation Apprehension In University Students, Daisuke Akiba

Publications and Research

The growing prevalence of AI chatbots in everyday life has prompted educators to explore their potential applications in promoting student success, including support for classroom engagement and communication. This exploratory study emerged from semester-long observations of class participation apprehensions in an introductory educational psychology course, examining how chatbots might scaffold students toward active and independent classroom contribution. Four students experiencing situational participation anxiety voluntarily participated in a pilot intervention using AI chatbots as virtual peer partners. Following comprehensive training in AI use and prompt design given to the entire class, participants employed systematic consultation frameworks for managing classroom discourse trepidations. …

Serving Others Using Generative Ai, Kenneth C. Arnold

University Faculty Publications and Creative Works

Ken Arnold, computer science professor at Calvin University, explores the idea of use Generative AI as a tool to help us serve others.

Revitalization Of Endangered Languages With Ai, Ivory Yang

Dartmouth College Master’s Theses

The preservation and revitalization of endangered languages, particularly those with minimal digital presence, presents significant challenges for computational linguistics. This thesis addresses these challenges by proposing novel methods for language identification and data generation, focusing on underrepresented Indigenous languages, specifically Nüshu, Native American and Native Alaskan languages.

In the first study, a COLING 2025 paper, we present NüshuRescue, an AI-driven framework designed to facilitate the preservation of Nüshu, an endangered script used exclusively by Yao women in China. Using minimal seed data, we demonstrate how GPT-4-Turbo can generate new translations, expanding a publicly available Nüshu-Chinese corpus, achieving 48.69% accuracy in …

Object-Based Image Analysis And Artificial Intelligence Identification Of Anthropogenic Disturbance On Lesser Prairie Chicken Habitat In Cheyenne County, Colorado, Tara Hoelzer

Geography and the Environment: Graduate Student Capstones

Renewable energy projects often require extensive landcover for their operations. When one of these projects encroaches into territory of threatened species, such as Lesser Prairie Chickens, an analysis of habitat suitability and human disturbance is required to proceed. Traditionally, this involved manually reviewing aerial imagery within a 6-mile radius, digitizing features, and interpreting them using a human technician—an approach that was time-consuming and prone to human error. By using pretrained AI models within Model Builder™, the identification of roads and structures was automated, making the process faster and more consistent than manual visual analysis. As AI and technology continue to …

"Opting Out Of Ai”: Exploring Perceptions, Reasons, And Concerns Behind Faculty Resistance To Generative Ai, Aya Shata

Hank Greenspun School of Journalism and Media Studies Faculty Research

Research on Generative Artificial Intelligence (GAI) in higher education primarily focuses on faculty use and experiences, with limited attention given to why some abstain from using it. Drawing from Innovation Resistance Theory, this study aims to address this gap by exploring the perceptions of both faculty users and non-users of GAI, identifying the reasons and concerns why they avoid GAI. A survey of 294 full-time higher education faculty from two mid-size U.S. public universities was conducted. Using qualitative and quantitative analysis, results show that over one-third of the faculty members opted out of using GAI for five primary reasons: not …

Ecological Footprint Analysis Of Chatgpt (Gpt-3), Isabella Boulais

Computer Science and Software Engineering

Climate change is an escalating crisis that demands immediate action from all sectors, including the rapidly advancing field of artificial intelligence (AI). While AI offers climate solutions, its own environmental impact raises concerns. Unfortunately limited research due to rapid development, system complexity, and lack of standardized methodologies hinders our understanding of AI’s environmental consequences. This project aims to conduct a comprehensive ecological footprint analysis of OpenAI’s GPT-3 model that is used to power ChatGPT, establishing guidelines for assessing AI systems’ environmental impact and proposing a framework for improvement. Going beyond tracking carbon emissions, this project will outline the broader lifecycle …

Strategy And Stewardship In An Uncertain World, Havovi Joshi

Asian Management Insights

This issue, as we continue to celebrate Singapore Management University’s (SMU) 25th anniversary, we explore leadership in higher education, the rise of artificial intelligence (AI), ethical stewardship, and other challenges, highlighting how they intersect in our increasingly complex, fast-changing world.

Adversarial Robustness In Advanced Machine Learning Models Integrating Graph Neural Networks And Large Language Models, Mahmoud Nazzal

Dissertations

Artificial intelligence (AI) has achieved remarkable performances across various domains. In most real-world applications, data often takes relational forms, such as graphs and networks, or sequential forms, such as text and time series. As AI evolves, specialized models have emerged to handle these structures; Graph Neural Networks (GNNs) for relational mining and Large Language Models (LLMs) for sequential understanding. Despite their success, these models face challenges in security, robustness, and interpretability. GNNs excel in relational reasoning but are vulnerable to adversarial manipulation and lack interpretability, while LLMs are strong in linguistic reasoning and generalization yet struggle with relational data and …

Integrating Artificial Intelligence In Orthopedic Care: Advancements In Bone Care And Future Directions, Rahul Kumar, Kyle Sporn, Joshua Ong, Ethan Waisberg, Phani Paladugu, Swapna Vaja, Tamer Hage, Tejas C. Sekhar, Amar S. Vadhera, Alex Ngo, Nasif Zaman, Alireza Tavakkoli, Mouayad Masalkhi

SKMC Student Presentations and Publications

Artificial intelligence (AI) is revolutionizing the field of orthopedic bioengineering by increasing diagnostic accuracy and surgical precision and improving patient outcomes. This review highlights using AI for orthopedics in preoperative planning, intraoperative robotics, smart implants, and bone regeneration. AI-powered imaging, automated 3D anatomical modeling, and robotic-assisted surgery have dramatically changed orthopedic practices. AI has improved surgical planning by enhancing complex image interpretation and providing augmented reality guidance to create highly accurate surgical strategies. Intraoperatively, robotic-assisted surgeries enhance accuracy and reduce human error while minimizing invasiveness. AI-powered smart implant sensors allow for in vivo monitoring, early complication detection, and individualized rehabilitation. …

Robotic Rhythm: A Contemporary Look At Ai-Driven Editing Tools’ Efficacy In Understanding And Replicating Creative Rhythm Editing Techniques., Alexander Selby-Lara, Charles Howard

Honors Thesis

It is undeniable that artificial intelligence (AI) has made its way into the film world. From AI-generated imagery and sound design in two 2025 Oscar nominees — The Brutalist and Emilia Pérez (Pulver) — to weekly updates and monthly beta releases of existing and new generative image and video models, AI-driven filmmaking tools are here to stay. But what does this mean for the post-production workflow? Much like camera development, editing technology has come a long way from flatbed film editors to Adobe Premiere Pro v. 25.0. Yet, despite each technological leap from system to system, the delicate task of …

Voice Interaction With Conversational Ai Could Facilitate Thoughtful Reflection And Substantive Revision In Writing, Jiho Kim, Philippe Laban, Xiang 'Anthony' Chen, Kenneth C. Arnold

University Faculty Publications and Creative Works

Writing well requires not only expressing ideas but also refining them through revision, a process facilitated by reflection. Prior research suggests that feedback delivered through dialogues, such as those in writing center tutoring sessions, can help writers reflect more thoughtfully on their work compared to static feedback. Recent advancements in multi-modal large language models (LLMs) now offer new possibilities for supporting interactive and expressive voice-based reflection in writing. In particular, we propose that LLM-generated static feedback can be repurposed as conversation starters, allowing writers to seek clarification, request examples, and ask follow-up questions, thereby fostering deeper reflection on their writing. …

Interaction-Required Suggestions For Control, Ownership, And Awareness In Human-Ai Co-Writing, Kenneth C. Arnold, Jiho Kim, Jason G. Chew, Jooha Yoo, Juyeong Kim, Ray Flanagan, Heonjae Kwon

University Faculty Publications and Creative Works

This paper explores interaction designs for gen-
erative AI interfaces that necessitate human in-
volvement throughout the generation process.
We argue that such interfaces can promote
cognitive engagement, agency, and thoughtful
decision-making. Through a case study in text
revision, we present and analyze two interac-
tion techniques: (1) using a predictive-text in-
teraction to type the assistant’s response to a
revision request, and (2) highlighting potential
edit opportunities in a document. Our imple-
mentations demonstrate how these approaches
reveal the landscape of writing possibilities and
enable fine-grained control. We discuss impli-
cations for human-AI writing partnerships and
future interaction design …

Intuiting Interaction: Meta-Reasoning And Meta-Learning As Foundations For Intelligent User Interfaces, Jeffrey Hsu

Theses and Dissertations

This research presents MARCO—a cognitive framework for Intelligent User Interfaces that uses meta-reasoning for context-aware adaptation across diverse tasks. It integrates multiple reasoning modules coordinated by a Meta-Cognitive Unit that selects strategies based on evolving demands. Evaluations show MARCO outperforms baselines in reasoning accuracy and computational efficiency.

Diversity-Augmented Training For Generalizable Ai Agents, Wenjun Li

Dissertations and Theses Collection (Open Access)

Deep Reinforcement Learning (RL) has achieved remarkable success over the past decade, from superhuman performance in video games to real-world applications like robotics. However, RL models often lack generalization, making them unreliable when deployed in unfamiliar scenarios. For example, robots must adapt to varying terrains with different slopes and obstacles, yet standard RL training does not explicitly promote such adaptability. While various methods have been proposed to enhance RL robustness, achieving reliable generalization remains an open challenge.

This dissertation focuses on improving the generalization capability of agents in three major settings: infinite horizon RL agents, finite horizon RL agents, and …

Artificial Intelligence Through Young Eyes: A Study Of Students’ Perspectives And Experiences With Artificial Intelligence In Education, Chad Preston Salyer

Ed.D. Dissertations

Artificial intelligence was an emergent and powerful new force in education. The public release of ChatGPT 3.0 in 2022 transformed learning for many students. This phenomenological qualitative study sought to record and analyze student’s perspectives on the influence of artificial intelligence on their learning routines. This study collected data through surveys and interviews with undergraduate students, analyzing patterns of artificial intelligence usage, perceived benefits, and challenges. The findings revealed that most students used artificial intelligence as a primary learning tool and that those students viewed artificial intelligence as beneficial for personalized learning and skill development. However, concerns about over-reliance on …

Towards Mitigation Of The Light Network Load Performance Penalty Of The Network Link Outlier Factor (Nlof), Jaime Merin Guzman

Open Access Theses & Dissertations

Detecting and localizing faults in communication networks is critical to maintaining reliable and efficient network operations. The Network Link Outlier Factor with Most Likely Link (NLOF: MLL) algorithm has demonstrated its potential to automate this task but suffers from significant performance degradation under low network load conditions, where limited network flow data reduces its ability to localize faults. This thesis proposes and evaluates the performance of a synthetic traffic generation algorithm to be used with NLOF:MLL. This algorithm strategically injects synthetic flows that supplement the insufficient real network flows, thereby improving NLOF:MLL's performance under low-load conditions. Specifically, we select network …

Coding An Assignment Calculator Exclusively With Chatgpt, Andy Tincknell, Heather P. Vandyne, Lisa K. Bell

SACAD: Scholarly Activities

Large Language Models like ChatGPT are influencing higher education and society in broader ways, including the coding and programming of applications and websites (Silva et al., 2024). This poster will profile how Forsyth Library, with no coders on staff, used ChatGPT to program an Assignment Calculator LibGuide without human coding. It details the process, challenges, and outcomes while highlighting AI’s potential to enhance resources for academic success and considers its efficacy and ethical implications.

Ethical Work Cultures & Ai, Andrew Brei

Presentations - 2025

With the help of moral theories, several case studies, and insights from the world of behavioral ethics, my project aims to provide engineering professionals with the means to deal properly with moral issues that commonly arise in their chosen fields.

Ai Models By Boodlebox: Purpose-Built Intelligence, Kyle Horn

SACAD: Scholarly Activities

Generative AI has transformed the way we interact with technology, enabling dynamic and intelligent conversations through AI-driven bots. This project explores my experience with BoodleBox, a platform that hosts AI chatbots, offering users access to leading AI models such as ChatGPT, Gemini, DALL·E, and DeepSeek. Through the FHSU Generative AI Initiative, I was granted access to experiment with these models and create my own custom AI bot tailored to specific needs. This poster highlights the process of developing a custom bot, including defining instructions, enforcing rules, and sharing the bot for others to use. Additionally, it discusses the background of …

The Impact Of Artificial Intelligence On Quality Of Higher Education, Pragati K. Rouniyar

Honors Thesis

Artificial Intelligence (AI) is redefining higher education, captivating scholars with its promise to personalize learning and streamline institutions. However, underneath this assurance exists a network of ethical challenges, disparities in equity, and inquiries regarding academic integrity that require our focus. In pursuit of this goal, this research employs a mixed-methods strategy—through the implementation of surveys and semi-structured interviews—to investigate the transformative effects of AI on higher education, concentrating on its repercussions for teaching techniques, learning results, and institutional processes. This study’s findings indicate that AI can personalize educational experiences to meet individual needs, ease course administrative workload, and assist with …

Examining Intersectional Queer Biases In Large Language Models: A Combined Statistical And Visual-Qualitative Approach For Quantification And Explanation, Huu Duong (Chip) Nguyen

Computer Science Senior Theses

Despite significant advancements in research on (intersectional) social biases in Large Language Models (LLMs), intersectional biases affecting subgroups within the LGBTQ+ community remain critically understudied. Existing bias detection methodologies often prioritize quantification but lack depth in explaining the specific stereotypes/biases that shape evaluation metrics. To address these gaps, this study proposes a combined statistical and visual-qualitative approach to quantify and identify persistent intersectional queer biases in five recent, state-of-the-art LLMs through a downstream story generation task. Findings from analysis uncover substantial evidence of stereotypes that perpetuate harmful, reductive narratives against intersectionally marginalized groups within the LGBTQ+ community. To promote public …

Ai In Our Library: Some Serious Reflections And A Few Curiosities, Evan Rusch, Nat Gustafson-Sundell

Library Services Publications

At Minnesota State University, Mankato, we’ve undertaken several experiments and initiatives focused on Generative AI. We provided several examples at the Generative AI in Libraries (GAIL) conference and Northern Ohio Technical Services Librarians (NOTSL) Fall General Meeting. This presentation provided a revised and expanded overview of our initiatives for the Creativity in Technical Services Interest Group (CITSIG). We briefly reviewed how we’ve tested Gen AI to improve data visualization for collections outreach. We provided an overview of limitations on how library-licensed resources can be used with AI, including a foray into retrieval augmented generative AI tools such as the Primo …

Collaborative Ai: Oer Materials For Exploring Ai As A Partner Rather Than A Tool, David Smith

Open Educational Resources

The Collaborative AI Open Educational Resource (OER) explores how artificial intelligence can act as a creative and analytical collaborator rather than a tool. Centered on the Balanced Blended Space (BBS) framework and the philosophy of the Center for Holistic Integration (CHI), the OER includes curriculum materials, theoretical models, and live research environments. It offers an interesting approach to blending physical, virtual, and conceptual spaces through shared human–AI agency and invites ongoing participation in interdisciplinary meta-projects.

Using Ai To Make Accessible Accessible Content, Melinda Turner

Faculty Other Scholarly Works

This professional development session will explore how to leverage AI tools, specifically Google’s NotebookLM, to create accessible learning materials for college students. Participants will learn how to use NotebookLM to transform existing content into more accessible formats. The session will cover practical strategies for implementing AI to improve readability and comprehension for all learners including students with disabilities, non-native English speakers, and students with varying learning preferences. We will discuss how to create transcripts for audio/video files and ensure content is well-organized and easy to navigate. This session will also highlight the importance of evidence-based practices in content creation and …

Artificial Intelligence (Ai) In Pharmacy, Giang Nguyen, Elizabeth Sartschev, John Reyes, Allie Honigford, Marisa Petrunich, Kiley Devoll, Brianna Lu, Joshua Honaker, T'Bony M. Jewell

Pharmacy and Wellness Review

Artificial Intelligence (AI) has transformed the pharmaceutical field by enabling computer software systems to learn and perform human behavior. Specifically, AI has revolutionized chronic diabetes management through continuous glucose monitoring, showcasing its immense potential in healthcare. However, alongside its transformative impact, AI’s increasing role in healthcare has prompted concerns over privacy and its premature integration. Despite these challenges, AI offers limitless opportunities to improve medication management and treatment regimens, driving advancements across various domains. From improving CT imaging to enhancing adenoma detection in colonoscopies and facilitating medication adherence, AI’s impact on healthcare is profound. Furthermore, AI plays a pivotal role …

Artificial Intelligence In Health Care: Business Opportunities And Ethical Challenges, Ankita Srivastava,, Marco Marabelli, Jeffrey Moriarty

Ethics Publication

Artificial intelligence (AI), and in particular generative AI (GAI), are making incredible progress toward automation. The pervasive and invasive nature of these technologies are affecting every industry, and health care is no exception. This paper summarizes insights derived from a panel that the Hoffman Center for Business Ethics and the Center for Health and Business at Bentley University hosted in March 2024. The panel invited three qualified health care professionals: Evan Carey, Susan Persky and John Torous. The panelists are all active in multiple aspects of AI in health care but represent a focus on the key areas of policy …