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Articles 1 - 30 of 276
Full-Text Articles in Artificial Intelligence and Robotics
Ai, The Liberal Arts, And Indigenous Languages: Forming Code Into Language, Christina Graebner
Ai, The Liberal Arts, And Indigenous Languages: Forming Code Into Language, Christina Graebner
Summer Research Showcase
During the Summer, Spanish Professor Adam Coon and I worked on creating an annotated biography on AI and Indigenous languages for the Digital Well at the UMN Morris Library. Through this project, we have dived into conversations and research focusing on using AI as a translator. In recent years, the conversation around AI has created a surge of studies and research around the relationship between Indigenous languages and artificial intelligence. AI will only continue to expand, and it creates new ways to open communication but creates new ethical guidelines needed to be followed. Our project gathers research articles, podcasts, and …
Ai And The Environment: Solutions For Advancing Technology Safely, Kaitlynn Baker
Ai And The Environment: Solutions For Advancing Technology Safely, Kaitlynn Baker
Discovery Day - Daytona Beach
Since 2022, the world of Artificial Intelligence (AI) has boomed. AI went from a special and rare entity to a commonly used resource available to all through web sites, and phone apps. AI has benefitted everyday activities by making office, class, and personal tasks easier through grammar help, informational citations, and as someone to bounce ideas off of. Additionally, many companies have begun utilizing AI to improve customer service and experience, and train workers more efficiently, therefore, saving thousands of dollars. Despite the benefits humans reap from its use, AI has been harming our environment at growing rates. Data centers …
Assessing Attachment To Ai: Understanding The Theoretical Correlations And Consequences, Brianna Broderick
Assessing Attachment To Ai: Understanding The Theoretical Correlations And Consequences, Brianna Broderick
Discovery Day - Daytona Beach
Current research on Artificial Intelligence (AI) focuses on its capabilities and our understanding of it as an instrumental tool (i.e., utility completing tasks). However, as its ability to replicate natural language improves through both text and voice, an ever-growing number of users have turned to AI for emotional companionship. Concern grows as prior research on technology dependency suggests AI bonding may lead to less interaction with others and, in extreme circumstances, has already led to cases of suicide and divorce. Kasturiaratna & Hartanto (2025) developed the AI Attachment (AIA) scale, consisting of three factors, which include: emotional closeness (i.e., personal …
High-Level Trajectory Learning For Non-Prehensile Object Manipulation With Hierarchical Reinforcement Learning, Gulsum Tuba Cibuk Girgin
High-Level Trajectory Learning For Non-Prehensile Object Manipulation With Hierarchical Reinforcement Learning, Gulsum Tuba Cibuk Girgin
Discovery Day - Daytona Beach
Site exploration requires in-situ resource utilization when the physical properties of resources are unknown. Therefore, a generalizable object manipulation method is crucial for extraterrestrial environments. Existing studies develop reinforcement learning policies that enable interaction with objects, in which quadruped robots learn to reach commanded goals with one foot while balancing with the remaining legs. However, in these studies, goal-oriented task execution relies on high-level trajectories provided by human experts, which limits autonomous robotic operations. In this study, we propose a hierarchical DRL in which a high-level pedipulation policy outputs commands for a low-level reach policy, enabling autonomous, smooth and affordable …
Ai Race Between The Us And China, Kennedy Lyon-Lindersmith
Ai Race Between The Us And China, Kennedy Lyon-Lindersmith
Discovery Day - Daytona Beach
Technological leadership in AI and semiconductor manufacturing are both directly linked with military power and geopolitical influence. At the same time, the U.S. and China are currently defining the future of conflict in the cyber domain and are in strategic competition as China attempts to displace the U.S. as a global leader in AI. These factors contribute to an important national security threat that the U.S. is facing right now: An AI race between the U.S. and China, specifically regarding military cyber operations. This paper discusses some of the implications of a digital battlefield and analyzes international laws, international institutions, …
Energy-Aware Bimodal Contact Detection For Leg Odometry, Emre Girgin
Energy-Aware Bimodal Contact Detection For Leg Odometry, Emre Girgin
Discovery Day - Daytona Beach
Autonomous exploration of extraterrestrial environments using legged robots requires robust GNSS-free 3D state estimation. Standard leg odometry relies on Zero-Velocity Updates (ZUPT), which assume a grounded foot remains completely stationary. This assumption consistently fails on deformable granular terrain due to unobservable slippage, rapidly degrading state estimation. To mitigate this critical failure mode, we propose a dual contact-detection framework designed to robustly gate an Error-State Extended Kalman Filter (ESEKF) tracking pose, velocity, and IMU biases. The architecture isolates physical load and kinematics by modeling contact detection as two independent parallel Hidden Markov Models (HMMs). The Load HMM processes Ground Reaction Forces, …
Motivational Outsourcing: Ai, Self-Determination, And The Changing Nature Of Adult Learning, Zoe Spanos
Motivational Outsourcing: Ai, Self-Determination, And The Changing Nature Of Adult Learning, Zoe Spanos
Discovery Day - Daytona Beach
Artificial intelligence (AI) is increasingly embedded into adult learning and higher education, serving not only as a support tool for cognitive aid but also as a system that can shape how learners regulate their motivation and engagement. This presentation examines how the use of AI in adult learning contexts may support or undermine self-determined motivation, drawing from Self-Determination Theory (SDT). It is a conceptual paper that draws on existing literature and theoretical analysis, examining AI reliance from minimal use to full automation across SDT's three basic psychological needs: autonomy, competence, and relatedness. Motivation is essential for learning, but the quality …
Lightweight Uav-To-Uav Detection And Tracking For Advanced Air Mobility Applications, Taylor Hostetter
Lightweight Uav-To-Uav Detection And Tracking For Advanced Air Mobility Applications, Taylor Hostetter
Discovery Day - Daytona Beach
Lightweight UAV-to-UAV Detection and Tracking for Advanced Air Mobility Applications addresses the significant challenge of reliable UAV-to-UAV detection on resource-constrained platforms, particularly within Advanced Air Mobility (AAM) environments where dense, low-altitude airspace requires robust detect-and-avoid capabilities. This work presents the development and experimental evaluation of a lightweight detection and tracking framework for autonomous detect-and-avoid applications. The approach is designed to support real-time onboard operation in multi-vehicle environments characteristic of emerging AAM systems. The proposed framework integrates optical and LiDAR sensing with a low-complexity machine learning decision-support layer that reduces false detections without replacing the underlying control-oriented detection pipeline. This design …
Ai-Driven Predictive Analysis Of Airline Profitability Under Macroeconomic And Sustainable Aviation Fuels, Shivika Singh
Ai-Driven Predictive Analysis Of Airline Profitability Under Macroeconomic And Sustainable Aviation Fuels, Shivika Singh
Discovery Day - Daytona Beach
This study presents an AI-enhanced predictive model to assess airline profitability under the combined influence of macroeconomic trends and the adoption of sustainable aviation fuel (SAF). By including economic indicators such as GDP growth, inflation rates, and fuel price volatility with airline operational data, including ticket prices and fuel costs, the model simulates profitability across multiple carriers. Scenario-based analyses, encompassing optimistic, moderate, and pessimistic projections, illustrate different financial sensitivities between low-cost and legacy airlines.
Designing Process-Focused Feedback For College Writers Using Genai, Beata Blood, Maissane Aik, Zoey Zaldivar
Designing Process-Focused Feedback For College Writers Using Genai, Beata Blood, Maissane Aik, Zoey Zaldivar
Discovery Day - Daytona Beach
As generative AI tools like ChatGPT become more common in higher education, writing instructors face the challenge of guiding students toward effective and ethical use, particularly in asynchronous environments where immediate feedback is limited. This presentation reports on an exploratory study that addresses this challenge by shifting attention from AI’s outputs to students’ moment-by-moment writing processes. Grounded in applied linguistics approaches to writing research and process-tracing methods, the project employed case studies with both expert and novice users of GenAI. Expert participants, including academics and industry professionals, completed writing tasks while integrating AI into their workflows. Their sessions were recorded …
How Ai Influences The Design Process Of Unmanned Underwater Vehicles’ (Uuvs) 3d Sonar System, Eden Tsouklaris, Abriella Smith, Brianna Broderick, Carissa Aumack, Victoria Cornaro
How Ai Influences The Design Process Of Unmanned Underwater Vehicles’ (Uuvs) 3d Sonar System, Eden Tsouklaris, Abriella Smith, Brianna Broderick, Carissa Aumack, Victoria Cornaro
Discovery Day - Daytona Beach
With the exponential growth of Artificial Intelligence (AI), user interface (UI) designers have explored using AI to shorten design time. This study assessed the effectiveness of UIs designed with AI programs versus manual methods for an Unmanned Underwater Vehicle (UUV) control system. Participants were tasked with designing an interface that would allow submarine operators to monitor and coordinate three UUVs repairing a severed underwater communication cable at a depth of 2,000 meters. The scenario presented several operational challenges (zero visibility, sonar-only perception, data latency, and potential system degradation), requiring participants' designs to maintain spatial awareness and support remote repair tasks. …
High Tempo Air Operations, Joseph Lipson, Brennan Flanagan, Trevor Sterbens, Brandon Godfrey, Jeremiah Sepich
High Tempo Air Operations, Joseph Lipson, Brennan Flanagan, Trevor Sterbens, Brandon Godfrey, Jeremiah Sepich
Discovery Day - Daytona Beach
Aircraft carrier flight decks are one of the most dangerous work environments in the world, where dozens of aircraft must be moved, fueled, and armed within strict time limits. Currently, Flight Deck Handling Officers track aircraft positions using a physical board with wooden pucks that can be knocked out of place or become outdated during fast-moving operations. This study looks at whether using AI tools helps people design a better digital version of this tracking system. Participants with little design experience were randomly selected and then randomly assigned to one of two groups — one that could use AI tools …
Humans Vs. Ai: Comparing Approaches To Disaster Response Interface Design, Kelly Nguyen, Olivia Hartmann, Kailey Hrbek, Madeline Nees, Gabrielle Roth, Emily Silliman
Humans Vs. Ai: Comparing Approaches To Disaster Response Interface Design, Kelly Nguyen, Olivia Hartmann, Kailey Hrbek, Madeline Nees, Gabrielle Roth, Emily Silliman
Discovery Day - Daytona Beach
Amphibious emergency support operations involve rapidly changing information, high stress, and significant cognitive demands, which can make decision-making and situation awareness more difficult for operators. When interfaces are poorly designed, they can contribute to issues such as alarm flooding, confusion from incomplete information, and delayed responses, all of which increase operational risk during time-critical disaster situations. This study explores whether using generative AI to assist with interface design will improve performance (output quality and effort) and usability compared to a manual sketch mock-up. Participants were asked to design a dashboard interface to support disaster relief operations following a Category 5 …
Evaluating The Impact Of Ai-Assisted Tools On Novice Interface Design For Combat Search And Rescue Operations, Louis Pandolfo, Kaylee H. Akerlund, Cassidi Ellison, Sierra Martinez
Evaluating The Impact Of Ai-Assisted Tools On Novice Interface Design For Combat Search And Rescue Operations, Louis Pandolfo, Kaylee H. Akerlund, Cassidi Ellison, Sierra Martinez
Discovery Day - Daytona Beach
Combat Search and Rescue (CSAR) operations are specialized military missions with the goal of rescuing personnel from hostile territory, often involving helicopters and elite teams tasked with locating and stabilizing survivors. It is imperative to a mission's success that any interface used by rescuers is efficient and usable, as they work under high risk, high stress, and time limited conditions. This study examined how access to artificial intelligence (AI) design tools influence novice interface design under a time constraint. Participants completed an interface design exercise based on a simulated U.S. Navy maritime disaster and CSAR mission. The overall aim of …
Navigating Enhanced Exploration Assistance (Nexa), Azhari Abbas, Caleb Fakunle, Ryan Powell, Donovan Livingston
Navigating Enhanced Exploration Assistance (Nexa), Azhari Abbas, Caleb Fakunle, Ryan Powell, Donovan Livingston
Discovery Day - Daytona Beach
NEXA is an artificial intelligence software platform developed to enhance residential security and property monitoring through seamless integration with autonomous drone systems. This research application of advanced AI in surveillance aims to create a standalone solution capable of real-time threat detection and intelligent alert management. By processing visual and sensory data, NEXA facilitates autonomous drone operation with minimal human intervention. Secure communication channels ensure that instant alerts are delivered to property owners and, potentially, law enforcement, improving response times in security incidents, search-and-rescue operations, and perimeter surveillance. Additionally, NEXA is capable of interfacing with commercially available drone platforms and presents …
An Evaluation Of Machine Learning Models' Efficacy In Determining Uav Spoofing Attacks, Nicolas Machado, Jaxon Selzer
An Evaluation Of Machine Learning Models' Efficacy In Determining Uav Spoofing Attacks, Nicolas Machado, Jaxon Selzer
Discovery Day - Daytona Beach
An Evaluation of Machine Learning Models' Efficacy in Determining UAV Spoofing Attacks - The rapid integration of Unmanned Aerial Vehicles (UAVs) into urban airspace has introduced significant cybersecurity concerns, particularly due to vulnerabilities in Automatic Dependent Surveillance–Broadcast (ADS-B), which lacks authentication and encryption. This project addresses the problem of detecting spoofing and data manipulation attacks that can compromise UAV safety and mission reliability. The objective of this work is to evaluate the effectiveness of machine learning–based anomaly detection, specifically Long Short-Term Memory (LSTM) and Gated Recurrent Unit (GRU) networks, as protocol-agnostic solutions for identifying anomalous UAV behavior. To achieve this, …
Helio: Heliophysics Enhanced Learning For Intelligent Orbits, Kylie Nager, James Kirk
Helio: Heliophysics Enhanced Learning For Intelligent Orbits, Kylie Nager, James Kirk
Discovery Day - Daytona Beach
HELIO: Heliophysics Enhanced Learning for Intelligent Orbits Satellite constellations operating in near-Earth space are increasingly vulnerable to space weather disturbances, such as solar flares, coronal mass ejections (CMEs), and high-speed solar wind streams, which degrade communications, destabilize attitude control, and accelerate orbital decay. These disturbances directly threaten mission continuity, constellation availability, and space asset survivability. Current protective approaches rely primarily on ground-based alerts and lack integration with broader space domain awareness, which results in programmed reactive protocols that are often initiated too late to prevent performance degradation and asset loss. The HELIO project addresses this gap by turning space-weather forecasts …
Interplanetary Trajectory Optimization With Reinforcement Learning, Shiloh Cuffe
Interplanetary Trajectory Optimization With Reinforcement Learning, Shiloh Cuffe
Discovery Day - Daytona Beach
This project investigates the application of reinforcement learning (RL) to optimize low-thrust interplanetary trajectory design, focusing on the Earth-Venus transfer leg of the BepiColombo mission. Traditional trajectory optimization methods, such as patched conics and genetic algorithms, often require simplifying assumptions or complex optimization schemes. This work formulates the trajectory design problem as an optimal control problem (OCP) within a Markov Decision Process (MDP) framework, enabling an RL agent to learn efficient transfer strategies under realistic spacecraft constraints. The objective is to develop an autonomous guidance approach capable of replicating or improving upon established mission designs. The spacecraft is modeled as …
Feasibility Of High-Throughput Onboard Ai For Mars Rovers Under Solar Constraints, Aashman Gupta
Feasibility Of High-Throughput Onboard Ai For Mars Rovers Under Solar Constraints, Aashman Gupta
Discovery Day - Daytona Beach
This project evaluates the feasibility of sustained onboard AI autonomy for a solar-powered Mars rover by directly linking solar energy availability to achievable compute performance. While Mars solar irradiance and edge computing performance have been studied independently, no unified framework currently couples surface power generation to autonomy throughput in an experimentally validated manner. The project will begin with a simulation of solar power generation for a 1 m² rover-mounted array across a Martian sol, accounting for seasonal variation, dust opacity, and array configuration (fixed versus sun-tracking). The resulting power profile will then be coupled to representative compute platforms running autonomy …
An Energy-Aware Meta-Learning Framework For Real-Time Lunar Rover Localization Via Adaptive Algorithm Selection, Jose Demedeiros, Garrett Seyler
An Energy-Aware Meta-Learning Framework For Real-Time Lunar Rover Localization Via Adaptive Algorithm Selection, Jose Demedeiros, Garrett Seyler
Discovery Day - Daytona Beach
This work proposes an energy-aware meta-learning framework that selects the single most suitable localization algorithm for a lunar rover, per scene, using only monocular imagery and orbital maps. The goal is to achieve sub-meter accuracy while minimizing onboard compute and energy consumption. We assemble a suite of seven lunar-relevant algorithms spanning relative and absolute localization, including monocular ORB-SLAM3, LuVo homography-based visual odometry, Censible cross-view matching with orbital imagery, crater-based methods (LunarNav and ShadowNav), monocular horizon navigation with a DEM, and DROID-SLAM. Relative methods provide incremental motion updates, while absolute methods deliver global pose fixes; an Extended Kalman Filter fuses these …
A Qualitative Analysis Of Human-Ai Interaction Through Animated Shapes, Kavya Dipen Shah, Angel Hinojosa, Caroline Deck
A Qualitative Analysis Of Human-Ai Interaction Through Animated Shapes, Kavya Dipen Shah, Angel Hinojosa, Caroline Deck
Discovery Day - Daytona Beach
As technology becomes more advanced, it is important to understand how people perceive the intentions and abilities of machines. This project, conducted in the InTeRACT Lab, explores how we attribute humanlike qualities to different types of agents, ranging from animals to robots. The study analyzes data from an experiment where participants watched animations of moving triangles. Although the videos were identical, participants were told the shapes represented either humans, robots, dogs, or inanimate objects. While previous math-based data showed that these labels changed how people felt, those structured scales didn't allow for a natural, unbiased explanation of what people actually …
A System Safety Approach To Assuring Artificial Intelligence Enabled Functions In Civil Aviation, Evan Bear, Quinn Galen
A System Safety Approach To Assuring Artificial Intelligence Enabled Functions In Civil Aviation, Evan Bear, Quinn Galen
Discovery Day - Daytona Beach
Artificial intelligence and machine learning techniques are increasingly proposed for use in safety-critical civil aviation functions including perception decision support and pilot assistance. Existing aviation safety and certification standards such as ARP4754A and DO-178C were developed under assumptions of determinism explicit requirements and complete behavioral specification which do not directly apply to learning-enabled systems. This mismatch has created uncertainty regarding how artificial intelligence enabled avionics can be safely assured and certified. This paper presents a system safety approach for assuring artificial intelligence enabled functions within existing aviation certification frameworks. In this approach safety assurance is based on explicitly identifying the …
A Hybrid Llm-Srgm Framework For Ai-Enabled Reliability Assessment In Safety-Critical Software Systems, Caleb Stone, Shrenik Jadhav
A Hybrid Llm-Srgm Framework For Ai-Enabled Reliability Assessment In Safety-Critical Software Systems, Caleb Stone, Shrenik Jadhav
Discovery Day - Daytona Beach
Ensuring the reliability of software intensive and safety critical systems is a persistent challenge across aerospace, defense, transportation, and other mis- sion focused domains. Traditional software relia- bility growth models (SRGM) provide useful quanti- tative insight into defect discovery trends, but they rely mostly only on numerical failure data and do not use the rich contextual information contained in test logs, anomaly reports, and engineering notes. This paper presents a hybrid framework that com- bines semantic features extracted by a large lan- guage model (LLM) with a non-homogeneous Pois- son process (NHPP) based software reliability growth model. The LLM analyzes …
Cars Imass - Comparing Llm Vs Human Operator Effectiveness In Multi-Agent Swarm Coordination, Gatlin Nelson
Cars Imass - Comparing Llm Vs Human Operator Effectiveness In Multi-Agent Swarm Coordination, Gatlin Nelson
Discovery Day - Daytona Beach
Title: Dual-Perspective Risk Analysis for Human-LLM Decision Comparison in UAV Swarm Navigation Unmanned aerial vehicle (UAV) swarms operating in low-altitude wireless network environments encounter localized disruptions that degrade positioning and navigation metrics. These disruptions are modeled as geographic failure zones with defined boundaries. A UAV discovers a zone by entering it and observing degraded performance on its onboard systems. This work assumes that affected UAVs can autonomously retreat to safety using onboard sensors and focuses on the subsequent rerouting decision. Once recovered, the system generates candidate repositioning points surrounding the vehicle, each scored using Conditional Value-at-Risk (CVaR). A human operator …
Social Attributions Of Moving Shapes: Comparing Qualitative Analyses Of Humans Vs. Ai, Angel Hinojosa
Social Attributions Of Moving Shapes: Comparing Qualitative Analyses Of Humans Vs. Ai, Angel Hinojosa
Discovery Day - Daytona Beach
As technology becomes more intelligent, the relationship between humans and machines is rapidly shifting. Whether a machine is perceived as a capable partner or a source of wariness often depends on the intentions and abilities, we attribute to it. My research in the InTeRACT Lab seeks to empirically assess these perceptions by comparing how we view different nonhuman agents, ranging from animals to robots. This study analyzes qualitative data from a task where participants viewed animations of moving triangles. While the videos remained the same, participants were told the shapes represented either humans, robots, dogs, or inanimate shapes. Previous quantitative …
A Survey On Machine Learning Applications For Operating System Fingerprinting, Siri Siqveland
A Survey On Machine Learning Applications For Operating System Fingerprinting, Siri Siqveland
Discovery Day - Daytona Beach
In the modern age of computers and interconnected networks, cybersecurity and cyber-attackers are evolving in tandem to exploit each other’s vulnerabilities. One technique used by both parties is Operating System Fingerprinting (OSF): with the knowledge of what Operating System a target system is running, innate vulnerabilities can be identified and patched or exploited. Historically, OSF utilizes two main methods: passive and active—the former trades accuracy with undetectability while the latter is generally more detectable but more accurate. However, recent work has combined OSF with Machine Learning (ML) to improve accurate identification. The work presented here is a survey for the …
Phaëthon System, Brady Roudabush, Lauren Gallo, Emelia Thompson, Jacob Woods
Phaëthon System, Brady Roudabush, Lauren Gallo, Emelia Thompson, Jacob Woods
Discovery Day - Daytona Beach
Phaëthon System is the project name for the Search and Rescue Drone Initiative. This initiative will improve the current search and rescue drone industry by introducing new techniques to get through dense forest canopies and other places where an overhead view is not useful. The Phaëthon System uses a swarm of drones that can penetrate under the tree canopy to map and search with the utmost efficiency and safety for rescuers. A command drone is launched to survey the overall search area, and set up a communications and data link. The next component is then released, which is a swarm …
Stress-Triggered Automation Reliance, Jazmin Elek
Stress-Triggered Automation Reliance, Jazmin Elek
Discovery Day - Daytona Beach
Automation is widely used in complex systems and includes any process that replaces human motor, sensory, or cognitive functions with machines or computers (Norman, 1996). As automation becomes more common, understanding how humans trust and interact with these systems is critical. Trust can be measured by whether users override automation or blindly follow its prompts (Norman, 1996). Artificial intelligence (AI) introduces additional complexity by enabling systems to learn patterns from data it generates. AI performs tasks with the ability to learn from experience (NASA, 2024). AI builds internal databases that can mimic human-like responses (Norman, 1996). However, AI systems can …
Stormtrack: A Regime-Aware Classifier-Router Architecture For Multi-Horizon Kp Index Forecasting, John Rendleman
Stormtrack: A Regime-Aware Classifier-Router Architecture For Multi-Horizon Kp Index Forecasting, John Rendleman
Discovery Day - Daytona Beach
STORMTRACK: A Regime-Aware Classifier-Router Architecture for Multi-Horizon Kp Index Forecasting Current algorithms in operational space weather face extreme difficultly predicting the Kp geomagnetic index beyond 24 hours, a lead time that is critical for protecting high-frequency communications and infrastructure. Most regression models are optimized for quiet conditions, which dominate the data, leading to systematic underpredictions of storm events that cripple space infrastructure. Probabilistic approaches and physics-based numerical models also falter due to the same class imbalance plaguing standard regressors at multi-day lead times. The ICARUS 6 architecture addresses this by splitting the forecasting component into quiet and storm regimes, which …
Accelerating Search And Rescue Response: A Simulation Study On The Dynamic Efficiency Of Flocking-Enabled Drone Swarms, Sophia Beckwith, Carys Del Prete
Accelerating Search And Rescue Response: A Simulation Study On The Dynamic Efficiency Of Flocking-Enabled Drone Swarms, Sophia Beckwith, Carys Del Prete
Discovery Day - Daytona Beach
This project explores how imitations observed in animal group behavior, specifically flocking in birds, can be applied to the functionality of autonomous drone systems to aid in search and rescue efforts. The goal is to demonstrate how incorporating code based on the Boids, Vicsck and predictive control linear algebraic mathematical models for drone flight controls and the collective behaviors of flocks will increase the efficiency of drone maneuvers, allowing them to reorganize and fill gaps when one is removed. A MATLAB-based simulation was developed to model the behaviors using research conducted on the symmetric and synchronized behaviors observed from flocks …