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Artificial Intelligence and Robotics Commons™
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Articles 1651 - 1664 of 1664
Full-Text Articles in Artificial Intelligence and Robotics
A New Approach For Weighted Constraint Satisfaction, Hoong Chuin Lau
A New Approach For Weighted Constraint Satisfaction, Hoong Chuin Lau
Research Collection School Of Computing and Information Systems
We consider the Weighted Constraint Satisfaction Problem which is an important problem in Artificial Intelligence. Given a set of variables, their domains and a set of constraints between variables, our goal is to obtain an assignment of the variables to domain values such that the weighted sum of satisfied constraints is maximized. In this paper, we present a new approach based on randomized rounding of semidefinite programming relaxation. Besides having provable worst-case bounds for domain sizes 2 and 3, our algorithm is simple and efficient in practice, and produces better solutions than some other polynomial-time algorithms such as greedy and …
Pickup And Delivery Problem With Time Windows: Algorithms And Test Case Generation, Hoong Chuin Lau, Zhe Liang
Pickup And Delivery Problem With Time Windows: Algorithms And Test Case Generation, Hoong Chuin Lau, Zhe Liang
Research Collection School Of Computing and Information Systems
In the pickup and delivery problem with time windows (PDPTW), vehicles have to transport loads from origins to destinations respecting capacity and time constraints. In this paper, we present a two-phase method to solve the PDPTW. In the first phase, we apply a novel construction heuristics to generate an initial solution. In the second phase, a tabu search method is proposed to improve the solution. Another contribution of this paper is a strategy to generate good problem instances and benchmarking solutions for PDPTW, based on Solomon's benchmark test cases for VRPTW. Experimental results show that our approach yields very good …
A Multi-Agent Framework For Supporting Intelligent Fourth-Party Logistics, Hoong Chuin Lau, G. Lo
A Multi-Agent Framework For Supporting Intelligent Fourth-Party Logistics, Hoong Chuin Lau, G. Lo
Research Collection School Of Computing and Information Systems
A distributed intelligent agent-based framework that supports fourth-party logistics optimization under a web-based e-Commerce environment has been proposed in this paper. In the framework, customer job requests come through an e-Procurement service. These requests are consolidated and pushed to the e-Market Place service periodically. The e-Market Place then serves as a broker that allows intelligent agents to bid to serve these requests optimally in real-time by solving multiple instances of underlying logistics optimization problem. The resulting system was implemented based on the Java 2 Enterprise Edition (J2EE) platform using distributed system technology for communication between objects.
Topic Detection, Tracking, And Trend Analysis Using Self-Organizing Neural Networks, Kanagasabai Rajaraman, Ah-Hwee Tan
Topic Detection, Tracking, And Trend Analysis Using Self-Organizing Neural Networks, Kanagasabai Rajaraman, Ah-Hwee Tan
Research Collection School Of Computing and Information Systems
We address the problem of Topic Detection and Tracking (TDT) and subsequently detecting trends from a stream of text documents. Formulating TDT as a clustering problem in a class of self-organizing neural networks, we propose an incremental clustering algorithm. On this setup we show how trends can be identified. Through experimental studies, we observe that our method enables discovering interesting trends that are deducible only from reading all relevant documents.
Collaborative Model And Algorithms For Supporting Real-Time Distribution Logistics Systems, Hoong Chuin Lau, Qi Zhang Liu
Collaborative Model And Algorithms For Supporting Real-Time Distribution Logistics Systems, Hoong Chuin Lau, Qi Zhang Liu
Research Collection School Of Computing and Information Systems
We study a complex optimization problem that arises due to an emerging trend in distribution logistics. The problem involves the integration of an inventory management problem and the vehicle routing problem with time windows, both of which are known to be NP-hard. We describe a collaborative approach to solve this problem in real-time. The novelty of our approach lies in the tight algorithmic integration between two sub-problems, and suggests an elegant scheme to deal with other integrated optimization problems of the same nature. For first sub-problem, we will present two algorithms: a complete mathematical model integrating integer programming with constraint …
Side Collision Warning System For Transit Buses, Sue Mcneil, David Duggins, Christoph Mertz, Arne Suppe, Chuck Thorpe
Side Collision Warning System For Transit Buses, Sue Mcneil, David Duggins, Christoph Mertz, Arne Suppe, Chuck Thorpe
Research Collection School Of Computing and Information Systems
Transit buses are involved in many more accidents than other vehicles. Collision warning systems (CWS) are therefore placed most efficiently on these buses. In our project, we investigate their operating environment and available technologies to develop performance specifications for such CWS. The paper discusses our findings of transit buses driving through very cluttered surroundings and being involved in many different types of accidents where currently available CWS no not work effectively. One of the focuses of our work is pedestrians around the bus and their detection.
Design Approaches To Model-Based Simulation In Intelligent Computer Assisted Instruction, Bjoern Helfesrieder, Venky Shankararaman
Design Approaches To Model-Based Simulation In Intelligent Computer Assisted Instruction, Bjoern Helfesrieder, Venky Shankararaman
Research Collection School Of Computing and Information Systems
Model-based simulation systems have been created in various fields of engineering to train personnel or students in operation, maintenance and troubleshooting of complex devices and systems. A review of literature indicates a lack of good overviews of the approaches to system design of model-based training simulations in Intelligent Computer Assisted Instruction (ICAI). Though single systems have to some extent been evaluated with regard to their performance, an organised evaluation, especially a comparative evaluation of the systems that have been created within the field is lacking. To be able to successfully conduct an in-depth review under these conditions, we concentrate and …
The Effectiveness Of Expert Support Technology For Decision Making: Individuals Versus Small Groups, Fiona Fui-Hoon Nah, Jiye Mao, Izak Benbasat
The Effectiveness Of Expert Support Technology For Decision Making: Individuals Versus Small Groups, Fiona Fui-Hoon Nah, Jiye Mao, Izak Benbasat
Research Collection School Of Computing and Information Systems
Expert support systems (ESSs) are increasingly used in organizations to support individuals and groups in decision making. Although ESSs have been shown to enhance the decision-making capabilities of individuals, their benefits in supporting group decision making are less clear. To the best of our knowledge, no empirical research has evaluated the effectiveness of the technology in the group setting or compared its usefulness for supporting individual versus group decision making. The results of this research show that ESSs benefit decision making of both individuals and groups and novices are able to gain more from ESSs than experts. The findings also …
Randomized Approximation Of The Constraint Satisfaction Problem, Hoong Chuin Lau, Osamu Watanabe
Randomized Approximation Of The Constraint Satisfaction Problem, Hoong Chuin Lau, Osamu Watanabe
Research Collection School Of Computing and Information Systems
We consider the Weighted Constraint Satisfaction Problem (W-CSP) which is a fundamental problem in Artificial Intelligence and a generalization of important combinatorial problems such as MAX CUT and MAX SAT. In this paper, we prove non-approximability properties of W-CSP and give improved approximations of W-CSP via randomized rounding of linear programming and semidefinite programming relaxations. Our algorithms are simple to implement and experiments show that they are run-time efficient.
Combinatorial Approaches For Hard Problems In Manpower Scheduling, Hoong Chuin Lau
Combinatorial Approaches For Hard Problems In Manpower Scheduling, Hoong Chuin Lau
Research Collection School Of Computing and Information Systems
Manpower scheduling is concerned with the construction of a workers' schedule which meets demands while satisfying given constraints. We consider a manpower scheduling Problem, called the Change Shift Assignment Problem(CSAP). In previous work, we proved that CSAP is NP-hard and presented greedy methods to solve some restricted versions. In this paper, we present combinatorial algorithms to solve more general and realistic versions of CSAP which are unlikely solvable by greedy methods. First, we model CSAP as a fixed-charge network and show that a feasible schedule can be obtained by finding disjoint paths in the network, which can be derived from …
Representation Requirements For Supporting Decision-Model Formulation, Tze-Yun Leong
Representation Requirements For Supporting Decision-Model Formulation, Tze-Yun Leong
Research Collection School Of Computing and Information Systems
This paper outlines a methodology for analyzing the representational support for knowledge-based decision-modeling in a broad domain. A relevant set of inference patterns and knowledge types are identified. By comparing the analysis results to existing representations, some insights are gained into a design approach for integrating categorical and uncertain knowledge in a context sensitive manner.
Impacts Of Industrial Robotics: Potential Effects On Labor And Costs Within The Metalworking Industries, Steven M. Miller
Impacts Of Industrial Robotics: Potential Effects On Labor And Costs Within The Metalworking Industries, Steven M. Miller
Research Collection School Of Computing and Information Systems
According to leading expert opinion, industrial robots are among the most important innovations of recent decades. Yet there is very considerable uncertainty (and disagreement) as to the rate at which the use of robots will spread and what their effects on employment, costs, and market structure will be. As stressed in 1983 by Congress’s Office of Technology Assessment: “A central question for an analysis of the social and economic impacts of programmable automation is whether programmable automation is likely to spread especially rapidly among firms and industries, and why.” The author analyzes the job displacement effects of industrial robots, as …
Impact Of Automation On Process Control Decision-Making, Steven M. Miller, Susan R. Bereiter
Impact Of Automation On Process Control Decision-Making, Steven M. Miller, Susan R. Bereiter
Research Collection School Of Computing and Information Systems
This paper investigates changes in the process control of a vehicle assembly plant which had been modernized from a principally manual procedure to one that uses programmable automation extensively. Process control is defined as the information flow and decision-making required to perform basic process operations. We investigate the effects of implementing a computer-integrated production system on the amount and types of process control decision-making and on the distribution of process control decision-making between humans and machines. After automation, the emphasis on decisions regarding product quality specifications increased and the emphasis on decisions related to flexibility in handling a variety of …
Robotics And The Conservation Of Human Resources, Robert U. Ayres, Steven M. Miller
Robotics And The Conservation Of Human Resources, Robert U. Ayres, Steven M. Miller
Research Collection School Of Computing and Information Systems
Due to rapid expansion in the field of robotics, policy issues have arisen in regard to developing human skills to deal with the new technology and to deal with the obsolescent human skills which are the inevitable result of this growth pattern. Industrialists, educators, union leaders, and government officials must work cooperatively to insure that the coming changes are made with minimum disruption. Improved training methods and courses have to be developed for the skills needed to control, manage and supervise the new machines. Some of the ways in which this can be accomplished are through offering financial incentives for …