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Articles 1471 - 1500 of 1897

Full-Text Articles in Artificial Intelligence and Robotics

Word Co-Occurrence Regularized Non-Negative Matrix Tri-Factorization For Text Data Co-Clustering, Aghiles Salah, Melissa Ailem, Mohamed Nadif Feb 2018

Word Co-Occurrence Regularized Non-Negative Matrix Tri-Factorization For Text Data Co-Clustering, Aghiles Salah, Melissa Ailem, Mohamed Nadif

Research Collection School Of Computing and Information Systems

Text data co-clustering is the process of partitioning the documents and words simultaneously. This approach has proven to be more useful than traditional one-sided clustering when dealing with sparsity. Among the wide range of co-clustering approaches, Non-Negative Matrix Tri-Factorization (NMTF) is recognized for its high performance, flexibility and theoretical foundations. One important aspect when dealing with text data, is to capture the semantic relationships between words since documents that are about the same topic may not necessarily use exactly the same vocabulary. However, this aspect has been overlooked by previous co-clustering models, including NMTF. To address this issue, we rely …


Smu Master Of It In Business Launches New Artificial Intelligence Track, Singapore Management University Jan 2018

Smu Master Of It In Business Launches New Artificial Intelligence Track, Singapore Management University

SMU Press Releases and News

The Singapore Management University’s School of Information Systems (SIS) has launched a new Artificial Intelligence (AI) track under its Master of IT in Business (MITB) programme. Geared towards nurturing graduates who are ready for the revolutionary change from AI in data science, the AI track equips a new generation of IT business leaders in careers that bridge AI with business.


Discriminant Analysis On Riemannian Manifold Of Gaussian Distributions For Face Recognition With Image Sets, W. Wang, R. Wang, Zhiwu Huang, S. Shan, X. Chen Jan 2018

Discriminant Analysis On Riemannian Manifold Of Gaussian Distributions For Face Recognition With Image Sets, W. Wang, R. Wang, Zhiwu Huang, S. Shan, X. Chen

Research Collection School Of Computing and Information Systems

To address the problem of face recognition with image sets, we aim to capture the underlying data distribution in each set and thus facilitate more robust classification. To this end, we represent image set as the Gaussian mixture model (GMM) comprising a number of Gaussian components with prior probabilities and seek to discriminate Gaussian components from different classes. Since in the light of information geometry, the Gaussians lie on a specific Riemannian manifold, this paper presents a method named discriminant analysis on Riemannian manifold of Gaussian distributions (DARG). We investigate several distance metrics between Gaussians and accordingly two discriminative learning …


Dictionary Learning With Structured Noise, Pan Zhou, Cong Fang, Zhouchen Lin, Chao Zhang, Y. Edward Chang Jan 2018

Dictionary Learning With Structured Noise, Pan Zhou, Cong Fang, Zhouchen Lin, Chao Zhang, Y. Edward Chang

Research Collection School Of Computing and Information Systems

Recently, lots of dictionary learning methods have been proposed and successfully applied. However, many of them assume that the noise in data is drawn from Gaussian or Laplacian distribution and therefore they typically adopt the 2 or 1 norm to characterize these two kinds of noise, respectively. Since this assumption is inconsistent with the real cases, the performance of these methods is limited. In this paper, we propose a novel dictionary learning with structured noise (DLSN) method for handling noisy data. We decompose the original data into three parts: clean data, structured noise, and Gaussian noise, and then characterize them …


Pricing For A Last-Mile Transportation System, Yiwei Chen, Hai Wang Jan 2018

Pricing For A Last-Mile Transportation System, Yiwei Chen, Hai Wang

Research Collection School Of Computing and Information Systems

The Last-Mile Problem refers to the provision of travel service from the nearest public transportation node to a home or other destination. Last-Mile Transportation System (LMTS), which has recently emerged, provide on-demand shared transportation. We consider an LMTS with multiple passenger types—adults, senior citizens, children, and students. The LMTS designer determines the price for the passengers, last-mile service vehicle capacity, and service fleet size (number of vehicles) for each last-mile region to maximize the social welfare generated by the LMTS. The level of last-mile service (in terms of passenger waiting time) is approximated by using a batch arrival, batch service, …


Leveraging The Trade-Off Between Accuracy And Interpretability In A Hybrid Intelligent System, Di Wang, Chai Quek, Ah-Hwee Tan, Chunyan Miao, Geok See Ng, You Zhou Dec 2017

Leveraging The Trade-Off Between Accuracy And Interpretability In A Hybrid Intelligent System, Di Wang, Chai Quek, Ah-Hwee Tan, Chunyan Miao, Geok See Ng, You Zhou

Research Collection School Of Computing and Information Systems

Neural Fuzzy Inference System (NFIS) is a widely adopted paradigm to develop a data-driven learning system. This hybrid system has been widely adopted due to its accurate reasoning procedure and comprehensible inference rules. Although most NFISs primarily focus on accuracy, we have observed an ever increasing demand on improving the interpretability of NFISs and other types of machine learning systems. In this paper, we illustrate how we leverage the trade-off between accuracy and interpretability in an NFIS called Genetic Algorithm and Rough Set Incorporated Neural Fuzzy Inference System (GARSINFIS). In a nutshell, GARSINFIS self-organizes its network structure with a small …


A Compact Representation Of Human Actions By Sliding Coordinate Coding, Runwei Ding, Qianru Sun, Mengyuan Liu, Hong Liu Dec 2017

A Compact Representation Of Human Actions By Sliding Coordinate Coding, Runwei Ding, Qianru Sun, Mengyuan Liu, Hong Liu

Research Collection School Of Computing and Information Systems

Human action recognition remains challenging in realistic videos, where scale and viewpoint changes make the problem complicated. Many complex models have been developed to overcome these difficulties, while we explore using low-level features and typical classifiers to achieve the state-of-the-art performance. The baseline model of feature encoding for action recognition is bag-of-words model, which has shown high efficiency but ignores the arrangement of local features. Refined methods compensate for this problem by using a large number of co-occurrence descriptors or a concatenation of the local distributions in designed segments. In contrast, this article proposes to encode the relative position of …


Pose Guided Person Image Generation, Liqian Ma, Xu Jia, Qianru Sun, Bernt Schiele, Tinne Tuytelaars, Luc Van Gool Dec 2017

Pose Guided Person Image Generation, Liqian Ma, Xu Jia, Qianru Sun, Bernt Schiele, Tinne Tuytelaars, Luc Van Gool

Research Collection School Of Computing and Information Systems

This paper proposes the novel Pose Guided Person Generation Network (PG$^2$) that allows to synthesize person images in arbitrary poses, based on an image of that person and a novel pose. Our generation framework PG^2 utilizes the pose information explicitly and consists of two key stages: pose integration and image refinement. In the first stage the condition image and the target pose are fed into a U-Net-like network to generate an initial but coarse image of the person with the target pose. The second stage then refines the initial and blurry result by training a U-Net-like generator in an adversarial …


Multilingual Sentiment Analysis : From Formal To Informal And Scarce Resource Languages, Siaw Ling Lo, Erik Cambria, Raymond Chiong, David Cornforth Dec 2017

Multilingual Sentiment Analysis : From Formal To Informal And Scarce Resource Languages, Siaw Ling Lo, Erik Cambria, Raymond Chiong, David Cornforth

Research Collection School Of Computing and Information Systems

The ability to analyse online user-generated content related to sentiments (e.g., thoughts and opinions) on products or policies has become a de-facto skillset for many companies and organisations. Besides the challenge of understanding formal textual content, it is also necessary to take into consideration the informal and mixed linguistic nature of online social media languages, which are often coupled with localised slang as a way to express ‘true’ feelings. Due to the multilingual nature of social media data, analysis based on a single official language may carry the risk of not capturing the overall sentiment of online content. While efforts …


Policy Gradient With Value Function Approximation For Collective Multiagent Planning, Duc Thien Nguyen, Akshat Kumar, Hoong Chuin Lau Dec 2017

Policy Gradient With Value Function Approximation For Collective Multiagent Planning, Duc Thien Nguyen, Akshat Kumar, Hoong Chuin Lau

Research Collection School Of Computing and Information Systems

Decentralized (PO)MDPs provide an expressive framework for sequential decision making in a multiagent system. Given their computational complexity, recent research has focused on tractable yet practical subclasses of Dec-POMDPs. We address such a subclass called CDec-POMDP where the collective behavior of a population of agents affects the joint-reward and environment dynamics. Our main contribution is an actor-critic (AC) reinforcement learning method for optimizing CDec-POMDP policies. Vanilla AC has slow convergence for larger problems. To address this, we show how a particular decomposition of the approximate action-value function over agents leads to effective updates, and also derive a new way to …


Home Health Care Delivery Problem, Aldy Gunawan, Hoong Chuin Lau, Kun Lu Dec 2017

Home Health Care Delivery Problem, Aldy Gunawan, Hoong Chuin Lau, Kun Lu

Research Collection School Of Computing and Information Systems

We address the Home Health Care Delivery Problem (HHCDP), which is concerned with staff scheduling in the home health care industry. The goal is to schedule health care providers to serve patients at their homes that maximizes the total collected preference scores from visited patients subject to several constraints, such as workload of the health care providers, time budget for each provider and so on. The complexity lies in the possibility of cancellation of patient bookings dynamically, and the generated schedule should attempt to patients’ preferred time windows. To cater to these requirements, we model the preference score as a …


A Selective-Discrete Particle Swarm Optimization Algorithm For Solving A Class Of Orienteering Problems, Aldy Gunawan, Vincent F. Yu, Perwira Redi, Parida Jewpanya, Hoong Chuin Lau Dec 2017

A Selective-Discrete Particle Swarm Optimization Algorithm For Solving A Class Of Orienteering Problems, Aldy Gunawan, Vincent F. Yu, Perwira Redi, Parida Jewpanya, Hoong Chuin Lau

Research Collection School Of Computing and Information Systems

This study addresses a class of NP-hard problem called the Orienteering Problem (OP), which belongs to a well-known class of vehicle routing problems. In the OP, a set of nodes that associated with a location and a score is given. The time required to travel between each pair of nodes is known in advance. The total travel time is limited by a predetermined time budget. The objective is to select a subset of nodes to be visited that maximizes the total collected score within a path. The Team OP (TOP) is an extension of OP that incorporates multiple paths. Another …


Efficient Gate System Operations For A Multipurpose Port Using Simulation Optimization, Ketki Kulkarni, Trong Khiem Tran, Hai Wang, Hoong Chuin Lau Dec 2017

Efficient Gate System Operations For A Multipurpose Port Using Simulation Optimization, Ketki Kulkarni, Trong Khiem Tran, Hai Wang, Hoong Chuin Lau

Research Collection School Of Computing and Information Systems

Port capacity is determined by three major infrastructural resources namely, berths, yards and gates. Theadvertised capacity is constrained by the least of the capacities of the three resources. While a lot ofattention has been paid to optimizing berth and yard capacities, not much attention has been given toanalyzing the gate capacity. The gates are a key node between the land-side and sea-side operations in anocean-to-cities value chain. The gate system under consideration, located at an important port in an Asiancity, is a multi-class parallel queuing system with non-homogeneous Poisson arrivals. It is hard to obtaina closed form analytic approach for …


Leveraging Social Analytics Data For Identifying Customer Segments For Online News Media, Jansen, Bernard J, Soon-Gyo Jung, Jisun An, Haewoon Kwak, Haewoon Kwak Nov 2017

Leveraging Social Analytics Data For Identifying Customer Segments For Online News Media, Jansen, Bernard J, Soon-Gyo Jung, Jisun An, Haewoon Kwak, Haewoon Kwak

Research Collection School Of Computing and Information Systems

In this work, we describe a methodology for leveraging large amounts of customer interaction data with online content from major social media platforms in order to isolate meaningful customer segments. The methodology is robust in that it can rapidly identify diverse customer segments using solely online behaviors and then associate these behavioral customer segments with the related distinct demographic segments, presenting a holistic picture of the customer base of an organization. We validate our methodology via the implementation of a working system that rapidly and in near real-time processes tens of millions of online customer interactions with content posted on …


Capsense: Capacitor-Based Activity Sensing For Kinetic Energy Harvesting Powered Wearable Devices, Guohao Lan, Dong Ma, Weitao Xu, Mahbub Hassan, Wen Hu Nov 2017

Capsense: Capacitor-Based Activity Sensing For Kinetic Energy Harvesting Powered Wearable Devices, Guohao Lan, Dong Ma, Weitao Xu, Mahbub Hassan, Wen Hu

Research Collection School Of Computing and Information Systems

We propose a new activity sensing method, CapSense, which detects activities of daily living (ADL) by sampling the voltage of the kinetic energy harvesting (KEH) capacitor at an ultra low sampling rate. Unlike conventional sensors that generate only instantaneous motion information of the subject, KEH capacitors accumulate and store human generated energy over time. Given that humans produce kinetic energy at distinct rates for different ADL, the KEH capacitor can be sampled only once in a while to observe the energy generation rate and identify the current activity. Thus, with CapSense, it is possible to avoid collecting time series motion …


Interactive Social Recommendation, Xin Wang, Steven C. H. Hoi, Chenghao Liu, Martin Ester Nov 2017

Interactive Social Recommendation, Xin Wang, Steven C. H. Hoi, Chenghao Liu, Martin Ester

Research Collection School Of Computing and Information Systems

Social recommendation has been an active research topic over the last decade, based on the assumption that social information from friendship networks is beneficial for improving recommendation accuracy, especially when dealing with cold-start users who lack sufficient past behavior information for accurate recommendation. However, it is nontrivial to use such information, since some of a person's friends may share similar preferences in certain aspects, but others may be totally irrelevant for recommendations. Thus one challenge is to explore and exploit the extend to which a user trusts his/her friends when utilizing social information to improve recommendations. On the other hand, …


An Integrated Framework For Modeling And Predicting Spatiotemporal Phenomena In Urban Environments, Tuc Viet Le Nov 2017

An Integrated Framework For Modeling And Predicting Spatiotemporal Phenomena In Urban Environments, Tuc Viet Le

Dissertations and Theses Collection (Open Access)

This thesis proposes a general solution framework that integrates methods in machine learning in creative ways to solve a diverse set of problems arising in urban environments. It particularly focuses on modeling spatiotemporal data for the purpose of predicting urban phenomena. Concretely, the framework is applied to solve three specific real-world problems: human mobility prediction, trac speed prediction and incident prediction. For human mobility prediction, I use visitor trajectories collected a large theme park in Singapore as a simplified microcosm of an urban area. A trajectory is an ordered sequence of attraction visits and corresponding timestamps produced by a visitor. …


Artificial Intelligence Research In Singapore: Assisting The Development Of A Smart Nation, Pradeep Varakantham, Bo An, Bryan Low, Jie Zhang Oct 2017

Artificial Intelligence Research In Singapore: Assisting The Development Of A Smart Nation, Pradeep Varakantham, Bo An, Bryan Low, Jie Zhang

Research Collection School Of Computing and Information Systems

Artificial Intelligence (AI) research in Singapore is focused on accelerating the country’s development into a Smart Nation. Specifically, AI has been employed extensively in either augmenting the intelligence of humans or in developing automated methods and systems to improve quality of life in Singapore.


Personas For Content Creators Via Decomposed Aggregate Audience Statistics, Jisun An, Haewoon Kwak, Bernard J. Jansen Aug 2017

Personas For Content Creators Via Decomposed Aggregate Audience Statistics, Jisun An, Haewoon Kwak, Bernard J. Jansen

Research Collection School Of Computing and Information Systems

We propose a novel method for generating personas based on online user data for the increasingly common situation of content creators distributing products via online platforms. We use non-negative matrix factorization to identify user segments and develop personas by adding personality such as names and photos. Our approach can develop accurate personas representing real groups of people using online user data, versus relying on manually gathered data.


Formresnet: Formatted Residual Learning For Image Restoration, Jianbo Jiao, Wei-Chih Tu, Shengfeng He Aug 2017

Formresnet: Formatted Residual Learning For Image Restoration, Jianbo Jiao, Wei-Chih Tu, Shengfeng He

Research Collection School Of Computing and Information Systems

In this paper, we propose a deep CNN to tackle the image restoration problem by learning the structured residual. Previous deep learning based methods directly learn the mapping from corrupted images to clean images, and may suffer from the gradient exploding/vanishing problems of deep neural networks. We propose to address the image restoration problem by learning the structured details and recovering the latent clean image together, from the shared information between the corrupted image and the latent image. In addition, instead of learning the pure difference (corruption), we propose to add a 'residual formatting layer' to format the residual to …


Learning To Hallucinate Face Images Via Component Generation And Enhancement, Yibing Song, Jiawei Zhang, Shengfeng He, Linchao Bao, Qingxiong Yang Aug 2017

Learning To Hallucinate Face Images Via Component Generation And Enhancement, Yibing Song, Jiawei Zhang, Shengfeng He, Linchao Bao, Qingxiong Yang

Research Collection School Of Computing and Information Systems

We propose a two-stage method for face hallucination. First, we generate facial components of the input image using CNNs. These components represent the basic facial structures. Second, we synthesize fine-grained facial structures from high resolution training images. The details of these structures are transferred into facial components for enhancement. Therefore, we generate facial components to approximate ground truth global appearance in the first stage and enhance them through recovering details in the second stage. The experiments demonstrate that our method performs favorably against state-of-the-art methods.


Online Multitask Relative Similarity Learning, Shuji Hao, Peilin Zhao, Yong Liu, Steven C. H. Hoi, Chunyan Miao Aug 2017

Online Multitask Relative Similarity Learning, Shuji Hao, Peilin Zhao, Yong Liu, Steven C. H. Hoi, Chunyan Miao

Research Collection School Of Computing and Information Systems

Relative similarity learning (RSL) aims to learn similarity functions from data with relative constraints. Most previous algorithms developed for RSL are batch-based learning approaches which suffer from poor scalability when dealing with real world data arriving sequentially. These methods are often designed to learn a single similarity function for a specific task. Therefore, they may be sub-optimal to solve multiple task learning problems. To overcome these limitations, we propose a scalable RSL framework named OMTRSL (Online Multi-Task Relative Similarity Learning). Specifically, we first develop a simple yet effective online learning algorithm for multi-task relative similarity learning. Then, we also propose …


Deepfacade: A Deep Learning Approach To Facade Parsing, Hantang Liu, Jialiang Zhang, Jianke Zhu, Steven C. H. Hoi Aug 2017

Deepfacade: A Deep Learning Approach To Facade Parsing, Hantang Liu, Jialiang Zhang, Jianke Zhu, Steven C. H. Hoi

Research Collection School Of Computing and Information Systems

The parsing of building facades is a key component to the problem of 3D street scenes reconstruction, which is long desired in computer vision. In this paper, we propose a deep learning based method for segmenting a facade into semantic categories. Man-made structures often present the characteristic of symmetry. Based on this observation, we propose a symmetric regularizer for training the neural network. Our proposed method can make use of both the power of deep neural networks and the structure of man-made architectures. We also propose a method to refine the segmentation results using bounding boxes generated by the Region …


Proactive And Reactive Coordination Of Non-Dedicated Agent Teams Operating In Uncertain Environments, Pritee Agrawal, Pradeep Varakantham Aug 2017

Proactive And Reactive Coordination Of Non-Dedicated Agent Teams Operating In Uncertain Environments, Pritee Agrawal, Pradeep Varakantham

Research Collection School Of Computing and Information Systems

Domains such as disaster rescue, security patrolling etc. often feature dynamic environments where allocations of tasks to agents become ineffective due to unforeseen conditions that may require agents to leave the team. Agents leave the team either due to arrival of high priority tasks (e.g., emergency, accident or violation) or due to some damage to the agent. Existing research in task allocation has only considered fixed number of agents and in some instances arrival of new agents on the team. However, there is little or no literature that considers situations where agents leave the team after task allocation. To that …


Mechanism Design For Strategic Project Scheduling, Pradeep Varakantham, Na Fu Aug 2017

Mechanism Design For Strategic Project Scheduling, Pradeep Varakantham, Na Fu

Research Collection School Of Computing and Information Systems

Organizing large scale projects (e.g., Conferences, IT Shows, F1 race) requires precise scheduling of multiple dependent tasks on common resources where multiple selfish entities are competing to execute the individual tasks. In this paper, we consider a well studied and rich scheduling model referred to as RCPSP (Resource Constrained Project Scheduling Problem). The key change to this model that we consider in this paper is the presence of selfish entities competing to perform individual tasks with the aim of maximizing their own utility. Due to the selfish entities in play, the goal of the scheduling problem is no longer only …


Impact Of Artificial Intelligence, Robotics, And Automation On Higher Education, Keng Siau Aug 2017

Impact Of Artificial Intelligence, Robotics, And Automation On Higher Education, Keng Siau

Research Collection School Of Computing and Information Systems

What is the future of higher education in the AI age? Higher education is expected to be challenged by AI, Robotics, and Automation on multiple fronts. First and foremost, AI, robotics, and automation are replacing and will continue to replace jobs and revolutionalize every nation’s economy and disrupt economic development in the world. Millions of job are expected to be replaced by machines (Zhao & Siau, 2017). Many manufacturing jobs have already been replaced by robots and middle class jobs may be taken over by AI in the near future (Siau & Yang, 2017).The short and long term impact on …


Poster: Unobtrusive User Verification Using Piezoelectric Energy Harvesting, Dong Ma, Guohao Lan, Weitao Xu, Mahbub Hassan, Wen Hu Jul 2017

Poster: Unobtrusive User Verification Using Piezoelectric Energy Harvesting, Dong Ma, Guohao Lan, Weitao Xu, Mahbub Hassan, Wen Hu

Research Collection School Of Computing and Information Systems

With the capability to harvest energy from low frequency motions or vibrations, piezoelectric energy harvesting has become a promising solution to achieve self-powered wearable system. Apart from generating energy to power the wearable devices, the output electricity signal of the PEH can also be used as an information source as it reflects the activity or motion patterns of the user. In this paper, we have designed and built an insole-based user authentication system by leveraging the AC voltage generated by the PEH during human walking. Meanwhile, the generated power is also collected and stored, which could be later used as …


How Artificial Intelligence Is Impacting Manufacturing Industry, Deepak Srinivasan, Maitreyi Ramesh Swaroop, Balaji Rajaram, Sri Krishan Iyer Jul 2017

How Artificial Intelligence Is Impacting Manufacturing Industry, Deepak Srinivasan, Maitreyi Ramesh Swaroop, Balaji Rajaram, Sri Krishan Iyer

Research Collection School Of Computing and Information Systems

In this survey, we study the impact of Artificial Intelligence (AI) on manufacturing sector. AI methods can be utilized to make new thoughts several ways: by delivering novel mixes of wellknown thoughts; by investigating the capability of theoretical spaces; and by making changes that empower the era of unexplored thoughts. AI will have less trouble in displaying the era of new thoughts than in automating their assessment. We describe the advances that have been made on AI in manufacturing industry. We close with how to overcome the issues in this area.


A Unified Framework For Vehicle Rerouting And Traffic Light Control To Reduce Traffic Congestion, Zhiguang Cao, Siwei Jiang, Jie Zhang, Hongliang Guo Jul 2017

A Unified Framework For Vehicle Rerouting And Traffic Light Control To Reduce Traffic Congestion, Zhiguang Cao, Siwei Jiang, Jie Zhang, Hongliang Guo

Research Collection School Of Computing and Information Systems

As the number of vehicles grows rapidly each year, more and more traffic congestion occurs, becoming a big issue for civil engineers in almost all metropolitan cities. In this paper, we propose a novel pheromone-based traffic management framework for reducing traffic congestion, which unifies the strategies of both dynamic vehicle rerouting and traffic light control. Specifically, each vehicle, represented as an agent, deposits digital pheromones over its route, while roadside infrastructure agents collect the pheromones and fuse them to evaluate real-time traffic conditions as well as to predict expected road congestion levels in near future. Once road congestion is predicted, …


Deshadownet: A Multi-Context Embedding Deep Network For Shadow Removal, Liangqiong Qu, Jiandong Tian, Shengfeng He, Yandong Tang, Rynson W. H. Lau Jul 2017

Deshadownet: A Multi-Context Embedding Deep Network For Shadow Removal, Liangqiong Qu, Jiandong Tian, Shengfeng He, Yandong Tang, Rynson W. H. Lau

Research Collection School Of Computing and Information Systems

Shadow removal is a challenging task as it requires the detection/annotation of shadows as well as semantic understanding of the scene. In this paper, we propose an automatic and end-to-end deep neural network (DeshadowNet) to tackle these problems in a unified manner. DeshadowNet is designed with a multi-context architecture, where the output shadow matte is predicted by embedding information from three different perspectives. The first global network extracts shadow features from a global view. Two levels of features are derived from the global network and transferred to two parallel networks. While one extracts the appearance of the input image, the …