Artificial Intelligence and Robotics Commons^™

Copyright And Artificial Intelligence, Part 2: Copyrightability

Copyright, Fair Use, Scholarly Communication, etc.

This report by the United States Copyright Office addresses the legal and policy issues related to artificial intelligence (AI) and copyright as outlined in the Office’s August 2023 Notice of Inquiry (NOI).

The report will be published in several parts each one addressing a different topic. This part addresses the copyrightability of works created using generative AI. The first part, published in 2024, addresses the topic of digital replicas—the use of digital technology to realistically replicate an individual’s voice or appearance. A subsequent part will turn to the training of AI models on copyrighted works, licensing considerations, and allocation of …

From Philosophy To Nlu: Evolving Definitions With Research Hypotheses, Jian Wu, Sarah Rajtmajer

Computer Science Faculty Publications

Over the past decades, alongside advancements in natural language processing, significant attention has been paid to training models to automatically extract, understand, test, and generate hypotheses in open and scientific domains. However, interpretations of the term hypothesis for various natural language understanding (NLU) tasks have migrated from traditional definitions in the natural, social, and formal sciences. Even within NLU, we observe differences defining hypotheses across literature. In this paper, we overview and delineate various definitions of hypothesis. Especially, we discern the nuances of definitions across recently published NLU tasks. We highlight the importance of well-structured and well-defined hypotheses, particularly as …

From Philosophy To Nlu: Evolving Definitions Of Research Hypotheses, Jian Wu, Sarah Rajtmajer

Computer Science Faculty Publications

Over the past decades, alongside advancements in natural language processing, significant attention has been paid to training models to automatically extract, understand, test, and generate hypotheses in open and scientific domains. However, interpretations of the term hypothesis for various natural language understanding (NLU) tasks have migrated from traditional definitions in the natural, social, and formal sciences. Even within NLU, we observe differences defining hypotheses across literature. In this paper, we overview and delineate various definitions of hypothesis. Especially, we discern the nuances of definitions across recently published NLU tasks. We highlight the importance of well-structured and well-defined hypotheses, particularly as …

Uso De Herramientas De Inteligencia Artificial Generativa Por Parte De Docentes En Una Escuela Del Suroeste De Puerto Rico, Glorimar N. Rodríguez Guiliani

Theses and Dissertations

Esta disertación aplicada fue diseñada para investigar el nivel de conocimiento, uso y dificultades que enfrentan los docentes de quinto a duodécimo grado en una escuela privada del suroeste de Puerto Rico respecto a tecnologías emergentes las cuales presentan desafíos significativos para los docentes y los estudiantes. Se exploró la utilización de herramientas de inteligencia artificial generativa (GenAI) como ChatGPT dentro y fuera del aula para actividades pedagógicas y administrativas.

Los hallazgos revelaron una notable carencia en el conocimiento docente sobre el uso y habilidades de la inteligencia artificial. Se identificó, también, una deficiencia en la capacidad de los docentes …

An Analytical Review Of Preprocessing Techniques In Bengali Natural Language Processing, Sovon Chakraborty, Protiva Das, Shakib Mahmud Dipto, Md Aktaruzzaman Pramanik, Jannatun Noor

Computer Science Faculty Publications

Research in Bengali Natural Language Processing (BNLP) is rapidly expanding. Despite being one of the most widely spoken languages in the world, BNLP research remains insufficient, particularly in Bengali speech recognition. The languages rich morphology, agglutinative structure, and diverse dialects make text and speech processing especially challenging. However, these challenges can be addressed with effective preprocessing techniques. Various organizations in Bangladesh and West Bengal are integrating Natural Language Processing (NLP) into their services, but without a thorough understanding of preprocessing, these implementations remain incomplete. Applying proper preprocessing techniques to the Bengali language will serve as a foundation for developing robust …

Can Llms Beat Humans On Discerning Human-Written And Llm-Generated Science News, Dominik Soós, Meng Jiang, Jian Wu

Computer Science Faculty Publications

Science news is increasingly important in connecting scientists and the public by sharing discoveries and innovations. With the rise of large language models (LLMs), there is potential to automate science news creation, but concerns exist about the quality of LLM-generated news versus human-written news. This paper explores whether LLMs can outperform humans in distinguishing between human-written and LLM-generated news. Inspired by the Chain-of-Thought prompting method, we designed a simple yet effective variant called Guided Few-shot (GFS), which encodes the characteristics of news of two types with examples. Our experiments indicated that GFS with just a single example effectively boosted the …

Humans Vs. Llms On Open Domain Scientific Claim Verification: A Baseline Study, Benjamin Curtis, Stefania Dzhaman, Matthew Maisonave, Jian Wu

Computer Science Faculty Publications

Verifying scientific claims is challenging for the general public because most people lack domain knowledge. Manual verification by subject domain experts is accurate, but it is obviously not scalable to meet the rising number of scientific claims on the Web. Whether the emerging large language models and large reasoning models can be used for scientific claim verification, and how their performances compare to humans, are still research questions. To this end, we developed a new benchmark MSVEC2 that consists of 138 claims from credible fact verification websites and science news outlets. Two tasks were given to both human and LLM …

An Overview Of Generative Ai Initiatives At Minnesota State University, Mankato (So Far), Evan Rusch, Nat Gustafson-Sundell

Library Services Publications

At Minnesota State University, Mankato, we’ve undertaken several experiments and initiatives focused on Generative Artificial Intelligence. We provided several examples at the Generative AI in Libraries (GAIL) conference. For this presentation, we provided a revised and expanded overview of our initiatives for the Northern Ohio Technical Services Librarians (NOTSL) Fall General Meeting. We explained license-related restrictions on uses of AI. We discussed the limitations of the retrieval-augmented generation tools currently available in the library. We summarized how we’ve tested ChatBots to support licensing and we showed how we’ve tried to use AI to improve data visualization for collections outreach. We …

Simplify Workflows: Ai As A Coding Companion, Tiffany Garrett

Library Scholarship

Artificial Intelligence is on everyone’s minds and has been the topic of the past two Matheson Lectures. But, what is the role of academic health sciences libraries? Moving the theoretical into practical, seven of our colleagues will present real-life case studies. What worked - what didn’t - what would they do differently?

This entry is from one of those case presentations on how a librarian at Roseman University of Health Sciences used AI to complete simple computer programming projects that optimized a few library workflows.

Incorporating Ai Literacy Into Music Library Instruction: An Interactive Discussion, Taylor J. Greene

Library Presentations, Posters, and Audiovisual Materials

Taylor Greene gave a presentation connecting AI Literacy to his work not only as the liaison to the Hall-Musco Conservatory of Music but also more broadly in his role as Chair of Research and Instructional Services. He began by providing an overview of Chapman University’s cautious approach to embracing generative AI and highlighted the library’s role in supporting faculty, staff, librarians, and students in better understanding these technologies and their potential impact on higher education. He summarized the work of the AI Task Force and offered a general overview of the AI Literacy lectures that he and Dr. Doug Dechow …

Tradeoffs Of Generalization, Kyra M. Abrams, Peter T. Darch

I-GUIDE Forum

Models used in geospatial data science are often built and optimized for a specific local context, such as a particular location at a point in time. However, upon publication, these models may be generalized beyond this context, reused in research simulating or predicting other times and places. Without sufficient information or documentation, bias embedded in these models can in turn result in bias in the reuser’s research outputs. Drawing on a long-term qualitative case study of aging dams researchers and developers of models used by these researchers, we find significant documentation gaps. We combine a literature-based genealogy with interviews with …

Bibliography For "Ai: The Next Chapter Display", Arianna Tillman, Isabella Piechota

Library Displays and Bibliographies

A bibliography created to support a display about artificial intelligence at the Leatherby Libraries during Fall 2024 at the Leatherby Libraries at Chapman University.

Recasting The Mould – Librarianship Of The Future: Leveraging Automation, Apis, And Ai, Samantha Seah

Research Collection Library

With leaps in artificial intelligence made in recent years redefining the information landscape and introducing new means of information production, librarianship also must evolve to include new literacies. One way librarians can equip and empower ourselves is by understanding the building blocks of how machines and automation work. Perhaps more important than learning specific programming languages, learning computational thinking provides us with more ways to spot and evaluate problems and devise solutions without extensive coding knowledge. My presentation will take the improvement of membership processing as an example using Power Automate, a low-code Microsoft tool mimicking block programming. The tool …

Ai And Academic Integrity, Max Sparkman Research Instruction Librarian, Milne Library, Brandon West Head Of Research & Instruction, Milne Library

Artificial Intelligence, 2024-25

This short module introduces students to important concepts regarding the use of AI and academic integrity. Concepts covered include a brief overview of generative AI, whether or not their use is considered plagiarism, how to use generative AI tools responsibly, and potential use cases. The module ends with a quiz where students can apply concepts from the module to three scenarios.

Artificial Intelligence, Work, And The Future Of Education, Daniel Brown

Library Presentations

No abstract provided.

Transforming Libraries Through Engagement: Lessons From A Library Ai Interest Group, Lily Dubach, Rachel Vacek

Faculty Scholarship and Creative Works

Learn how one academic library is engaging with its employees to explore the latest trends, tools, and topics in AI through an interest group (IG). Through stimulating discussions, webinars, guest speakers, demos, and sharing of experiences with AI, the IG empowers its library community to explore and become more comfortable with AI. This session caters to varying levels of AI expertise. Challenges, successes, and valuable insights for deeper engagement will be shared so you can learn how to establish a similar initiative in your library.

Analysis Of American Think Tanks' Views On China-Us Chip Competition And Its Enlightenment, Bingcheng He, Guoli Yang

Journal of Scientific Information Research

[Purpose/significance]This paper focuses on the viewpoints of leading American think tanks on chip competition with China, aiming to unravel the logic behind the formulation of U.S. chip policies towards China. It also seeks to explore innovative pathways for the development of China's chip industry and provide strategic recommendations beneficial to Sino-American chip competition. [Method/process]The study selects 20 representative research reports from 9 prominent think tanks and employs a literature analysis approach to dissect the viewpoints, motives, and potential influences found in these reports. [Result/conclusion]The results reveal that most American think tanks adopt a firm stance, perceiving the rise of China's …

Student Partners In Ai Literacy: A Library And Writing Center Collaboration, A. P. Anderson

Velma K. Waters Library Faculty Publications

Student voices are valuable but often overlooked in discussions surrounding the role of AI in higher education. AI Literacy education efforts that treat students only as a potential audience for instruction rather than as potential instructors themselves miss out on the passion, curiosity, and complex questions that students can bring to these conversations. If we center student voices in AI Literacy education discussions, and encourage both their enthusiasm and skepticism, students can become comfortable and confident in leading discussions about AI in the classroom and in their lives. In my proposed poster presentation, I will share insights from an AI …

Ai Literacy Innovations: Chatgpt's Integration Into A First-Year Information Literacy Program, Taylor J. Greene, Douglas R. Dechow

Library Presentations, Posters, and Audiovisual Materials

In the dynamic field of information technology, integration of Artificial Intelligence (AI) literacy into information literacy instruction is now essential to ensure the ethical and productive use of generative AI by our students. This poster demonstrates our innovative approach to embedding AI literacy within the first-year information literacy program at an R2 research university. We used a two-pronged strategy: an “AI Literacy” section in Canvas and practical demonstrations of applying ChatGPT in live library sessions. The Canvas module section equips students with foundational knowledge and critical thinking about using generative AI for research and learning activities. It covers AI fundamentals, …

Data Visualization, Licensing, And Other Generative Ai Initiatives At Minnesota State University Mankato, Evan Rusch, Nat Gustafson-Sundell

Library Services Publications

At Minnesota State University Mankato (MNSU), we’ve undertaken several experiments and initiatives focused on Generative Artificial Intelligence. At the start of the fall semester, we collaborated with university Information Technology Services to present a professional development session for returning faculty through the MNSU Center for Excellence in Teaching & Learning on “5 Tips for Teaching with AI.” We also presented to librarians across the regional consortium, Minitex, on “The Library & Generative AI.” This presentation included several demonstrations. It was offered as an introduction to Generative AI focused on topics most relevant to librarians, including information literacy, as well as …

Try It Together: Transcribing Your Audio With Whisper Api, Bella Ratmelia

2024 AI for Research Week

In this hands-on session, we will explore using the Whisper API to transcribe audio recordings from interviews, focus groups, and speeches. The session will delve into best practices and address common issues that may arise during the transcription process.

Academic Search And Discovery Tools In The Age Of Ai And Large Language Models: An Overview Of The Space, Aaron Tay

2024 AI for Research Week

In the ever-evolving landscape of academic research, “AI tools” for literature search and synthesis are currently getting a lot of attention. These tools promise to ramp up productivity, enabling us to accomplish more in less time or absorb more knowledge without drowning in endless reading. With the sheer number of these systems increasing daily, it's natural to wonder: are they really worth our time and money? And if they are, how should we go about picking the right one from the multitude of options?

In this talk, I will share my views on how the space has developed over two …

Making The Most Of Artificial Intelligence And Large Language Models: A Novel Approach For Book Recommendation And Discovery In Medical Libraries, Ivan Portillo, David Carson

Library Presentations, Posters, and Audiovisual Materials

This poster presentation evaluates the use of Artificial Intelligence and large language models (LLMs) to assist health science libraries in recommending and discovering book titles as part of their collection development. Using pre-determined prompts, the researchers evaluated ChatGPT 4.0, Bing Chat, and Google Bard as recommender systems for book discovery and ranking existing titles.

Academic Literature Review In Age Of Ai And Large Language Models​, Aaron Tay

Research Collection Library

Explore the evolving landscape of academic research with a focus on open data and AI advancements, particularly in natural language processing. Join us for a practical presentation on leveraging emerging tools for literature review. Discover platforms like Connected Papers, ResearchRabbit, and Litmaps, offering paper exploration and recommendations based on initial 'seed papers.' Dive into AI-enhanced search engines like Elicit, Scispace, Semantic Scholar, and Scite.ai, powered by Large Language Models such as BERT and GPT. Learn about the latest developments, strengths, and weaknesses of these tools, and how they reshape literature review methods, from tool selection to query input techniques.

Code For Care: Hypertension Prediction In Women Aged 18-39 Years, Kruti Sheth

Electronic Theses, Projects, and Dissertations

The longstanding prevalence of hypertension, often undiagnosed, poses significant risks of severe chronic and cardiovascular complications if left untreated. This study investigated the causes and underlying risks of hypertension in females aged between 18-39 years. The research questions were: (Q1.) What factors affect the occurrence of hypertension in females aged 18-39 years? (Q2.) What machine learning algorithms are suited for effectively predicting hypertension? (Q3.) How can SHAP values be leveraged to analyze the factors from model outputs? The findings are: (Q1.) Performing Feature selection using binary classification Logistic regression algorithm reveals an array of 30 most influential factors at an …

Ai-Powered Learning: Blending Ai With Active Learning In The Information Literacy Classroom, Kevin J. Reagan, Wilhelmina Randtke

Georgia International Conference on Information Literacy

In 2016, the ACRL Framework for Information Literacy in Higher Education launched in response to more voluminous, less-vetted online information, including misinformation and content farms. Subsequently, the ACRL Framework has been widely adopted, and numerous high-quality lesson plans and resources for teaching the frames already exist, including published lesson plans and textbooks. Now, generative AI tools, such as ChatGPT and other chat bots present new challenges for information literacy educators. For instance, in addition to teaching students how to identify issues such as fake news, the information literacy professional has to address topics such as ethical AI use, AI hallucination …

Subject Analysis Ex Machina: Developing A Subject Heading Recommendation Service For Jmu Libraries, Steven W. Holloway

Libraries

Results of a 2022 evaluation of ANNIF, open-source software designed to generate controlled vocabulary subject headings, using James Madison University Libraries resources.

Smu Libraries – An Enabling Partner In Ai Information Literacy, Samantha Seah, Zhe Benedict Yeo, Lukas Tschopp

Research Collection Library

SMU Libraries plays a pivotal role in advancing AI information literacy within the larger need for digital literacy skills in the SMU community. In this presentation, participants will get an overview of SMU Libraries' engagement and partnerships with the academic community and will showcase initiatives and resources supporting AI literacy. This includes a discussion of insights from the scholarly literature, research findings and critical perspectives to inform teaching and learning practices related to AI. Speakers will share SMU Libraries’ contributions towards awareness and adoption of AI through a portfolio of successful collaborations and initiatives with partners and stakeholders within and …

Research On Word Segmentation Of Ancient Books Based On Domain Large Language Model, Danhao Zhu, Zhao Zhixiao, Na Wu, Xiyu Wang

Journal of Scientific Information Research

[Purpose/significance]In this paper, we take the automatic text segmentation of ancient books as an entry point, introduce the "Xunzi" series of large language models, and explore the performance of large language models on the task of word division of ancient texts. [Method/process]This paper constructs an instruction dataset based on the Zuozhuan, with data cleaning and organisation.on this basis, 1 000 pieces were extracted from it as test data, then 500, 1 000, 2 000, and 5 000 pieces of data were used as training data to fine-tune the instructions and test their performance, respectively. [Result/conclusion]The experimental results show that only …

Sentiment Analysis Of Online Healthy Community Based On Semantic Enhancement, Pu Han, Ye Dongyu

Journal of Scientific Information Research

[Purpose/significance]In order to make full use of the value of text dependent syntactic information and prior emotion knowledge in emotion analysis， a semantic enhanced online healthy community emotion analysis model was proposed. [Method/process]Firstly， feature vectors for pre-processed online health community data are generated by Word2Vec and BERT; then local and global information of online review text are extracted using TextCNN and BiLSTM respectively based on dual-channel idea; then sentiment knowledge and dependency grammar information are merged in graph attention networks for semantic enhancement; finally， dual-channel features are fused and perform online health community sentiment classification in fully connected layer. [Result/conclusion]The …