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2018

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Articles 751 - 780 of 2925

Full-Text Articles in Computer Sciences

Algorithms Cs2500, Simone Silvestri, Ken Goss, Zhishan Guo, Ashikahmed Bhuiyan Aug 2018

Algorithms Cs2500, Simone Silvestri, Ken Goss, Zhishan Guo, Ashikahmed Bhuiyan

AOER Course Materials

No abstract provided.

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Visualization Of Geospatial Data As An Analytical And Educational Tool, Richard A. Vu Aug 2018

Visualization Of Geospatial Data As An Analytical And Educational Tool, Richard A. Vu

STAR Program Research Presentations

World Wind is an open-source API developed for Java, Android, and browsers that is designed to visualize and interact with geospatial data. The Web World Wind client is composed of four major components: the HTML template, the globe, geospatial features, and application features. The template was implemented using Bootstrap and hosts the globe provided by World Wind. This globe draws its data from multiple imagery sources, including the Open Geospatial Consortium (OGC) Web Map Service and Web Map Tile Service. This enables the application to perform and visualize complex calculations with multiple types of data such as weather and terrain. …

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Which Fuzzy Logic Operations Are Most Appropriate For Ontological Semantics: Theoretical Explanation Of Empirical Observations, Vladik Kreinovich, Olga Kosheleva Aug 2018

Which Fuzzy Logic Operations Are Most Appropriate For Ontological Semantics: Theoretical Explanation Of Empirical Observations, Vladik Kreinovich, Olga Kosheleva

Departmental Technical Reports (CS)

In several of their papers, Victor Raskin and coauthors proposed to use fuzzy techniques to make ontological semantics techniques more adequate in dealing with natural language. Specifically, they showed that the most adequate results appear when we use min as an "and"-operation and max as an "or"-operation. It is interesting that in other applications of fuzzy techniques, such as intelligent control, other versions of fuzzy techniques are the most adequate. In this chapter, we explain why the above techniques are empirically the best in the semantics case.

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Why Bohmian Approach To Quantum Econometrics: An Algebraic Explanation, Vladik Kreinovich, Olga Kosheleva, Songsak Sriboonchitta Aug 2018

Why Bohmian Approach To Quantum Econometrics: An Algebraic Explanation, Vladik Kreinovich, Olga Kosheleva, Songsak Sriboonchitta

Departmental Technical Reports (CS)

Many equations in economics and finance are very complex. As a result, existing methods of solving these equations are very complicated and time-consuming. In many practical situations, more efficient algorithms for solving new complex equations appear when it turns out that these equations can be reduced to equations from other application areas -- equations for which more efficient algorithms are already known. It turns out that some equations in economics and finance can be reduced to equations from physics -- namely, from quantum physics. The resulting approach for solving economic equations is known as quantum econometrics. In quantum physics, …

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How To Select The Best Paper: Towards Justification (And Possible Enhancement) Of Current Semi-Heuristic Procedures, Francisco Zapata, Olga Kosheleva, Vladik Kreinovich Aug 2018

How To Select The Best Paper: Towards Justification (And Possible Enhancement) Of Current Semi-Heuristic Procedures, Francisco Zapata, Olga Kosheleva, Vladik Kreinovich

Departmental Technical Reports (CS)

To select the best paper at a conference or in a journal, people use reasonably standard semi-heuristic procedures like averaging scores. These procedures usually work well, but sometimes, new situations appear for which the existing procedures are not automatically applicable. Since the existing procedures are heuristic, it is often not clear how to extend them to new situations. In this paper, we provide a possible explanation for the existing procedures. This explanations enables us to naturally generalize these procedures to possible new situations.

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Why Triangular And Trapezoid Membership Functions: A Simple Explanation, Vladik Kreinovich, Olga Kosheleva, Shahnaz Shahbazova Aug 2018

Why Triangular And Trapezoid Membership Functions: A Simple Explanation, Vladik Kreinovich, Olga Kosheleva, Shahnaz Shahbazova

Departmental Technical Reports (CS)

In principle, in applications of fuzzy techniques, we can have different complex membership functions. In many practical applications, however, it turns out that to get a good quality result -- e.g., a good quality control -- it is sufficient to consider simple triangular and trapezoid membership functions. There exist explanations for this empirical phenomenon, but the existing explanations are rather mathematically sophisticated and are, thus, not very intuitively clear. In this paper, we provide a simple -- and thus, more intuitive -- explanation for the ubiquity of triangular and trapezoid membership functions.

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Improving The Accuracy Of Mobile Touchscreen Qwerty Keyboards, Amanda Kirk Aug 2018

Improving The Accuracy Of Mobile Touchscreen Qwerty Keyboards, Amanda Kirk

Electronic Theses and Dissertations

In this thesis we explore alternative keyboard layouts in hopes of finding one that increases the accuracy of text input on mobile touchscreen devices. In particular, we investigate if a single swap of 2 keys can significantly improve accuracy on mobile touchscreen QWERTY keyboards. We do so by carefully considering the placement of keys, exploiting a specific vulnerability that occurs within a keyboard layout, namely, that the placement of particular keys next to others may be increasing errors when typing. We simulate the act of typing on a mobile touchscreen QWERTY keyboard, beginning with modeling the typographical errors that can …

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A Bi-Encoder Lstm Model For Learning Unstructured Dialogs, Diwanshu Shekhar Aug 2018

A Bi-Encoder Lstm Model For Learning Unstructured Dialogs, Diwanshu Shekhar

Electronic Theses and Dissertations

Creating a data-driven model that is trained on a large dataset of unstructured dialogs is a crucial step in developing a Retrieval-based Chatbot systems. This thesis presents a Long Short Term Memory (LSTM) based Recurrent Neural Network architecture that learns unstructured multi-turn dialogs and provides implementation results on the task of selecting the best response from a collection of given responses. Ubuntu Dialog Corpus Version 2 (UDCv2) was used as the corpus for training. Ryan et al. (2015) explored learning models such as TF-IDF (Term Frequency-Inverse Document Frequency), Recurrent Neural Network (RNN) and a Dual Encoder (DE) based on Long …

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Optical Lens Attack On Monocular Depth Estimation For Autonomous Driving, Ce Zhou, Qiben Yan, Daniel Kent, Guangjing Wang, Weikang Ding, Ziqi Zhang, Hayder Radha Aug 2018

Optical Lens Attack On Monocular Depth Estimation For Autonomous Driving, Ce Zhou, Qiben Yan, Daniel Kent, Guangjing Wang, Weikang Ding, Ziqi Zhang, Hayder Radha

Computer Science Faculty Research & Creative Works

Monocular Depth Estimation (MDE) is a pivotal component of vision-based Autonomous Driving (AD) systems, enabling vehicles to estimate the depth of surrounding objects using a single camera image. This estimation guides essential driving decisions, such as braking before an obstacle or changing lanes to avoid collisions. In this paper, we explore vulnerabilities of MDE algorithms in AD systems, presenting 𝐿𝑒𝑛𝑠𝐴𝑡𝑡𝑎𝑐𝑘, a novel physical attack that strategically places optical lenses on the camera of an autonomous vehicle to manipulate the perceived object depths. 𝐿𝑒𝑛𝑠𝐴𝑡𝑡𝑎𝑐𝑘 encompasses two attack formats: concave lens attack and convex lens attack, each utilizing different optical lenses to …

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Decision Making Under Interval Uncertainty: Beyond Hurwicz Pessimism-Optimism Criterion, Tran Anh Tuan, Vladik Kreinovich, Thach N. Nguyen Aug 2018

Decision Making Under Interval Uncertainty: Beyond Hurwicz Pessimism-Optimism Criterion, Tran Anh Tuan, Vladik Kreinovich, Thach N. Nguyen

Departmental Technical Reports (CS)

In many practical situations, we do not know the exact value of the quantities characterizing the consequences of different possible actions. Instead, we often only known lower and upper bounds on these values, i.e., we only know intervals containing these values. To make decisions under such interval uncertainty, the Nobelist Leo Hurwicz proposed his optimism-pessimism criterion. It is known, however, that this criterion is not perfect: there are examples of actions which this criterion considers to be equivalent but which for which common sense indicates that one of them is preferable. These examples mean that Hurwicz criterion must be extended, …

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Malware Early-Stage Detection Using Machine Learning On Hardware Performance Counters, Anchal Raheja Aug 2018

Malware Early-Stage Detection Using Machine Learning On Hardware Performance Counters, Anchal Raheja

Computer Science and Engineering Theses - Archive

Systems affected by Malware in the past 10 years has risen from 29 million to 780 million, which tells us it’s a rapidly growing threat. Viruses, ransomware, worms, backdoors, botnets etc. all come under malware. Ransomware alone is predicted to cost $11.5 billion in 2019. As the downtime and financial damages are rising the researchers are finding new ways to tackle this threat. However, the usual approach is prone to high false positive rate or delayed detection rate. This research explores a dynamic approach for early-stage malware detection by modeling it’s behavior using hardware performance counters with low overhead. The …

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Finding Representative Entities From Entity Graph By Using Neighborhood Based Entity Similarity, Ankit Anil Shingavi Aug 2018

Finding Representative Entities From Entity Graph By Using Neighborhood Based Entity Similarity, Ankit Anil Shingavi

Computer Science and Engineering Theses - Archive

Several applications deploy the use of large entity graphs. Given the entirety of its application scope, it is challenging to select a single entity graph for a particular need from numerous data sources. For a comprehensible overview of the entity graph, we may project a preview table for compact representation of an entity graph. Each preview table represents a single entity type in the dataset. We need to find the representative entities for a given entity type from the entity graph to show the coverage of a dataset. In this paper, we propose a method to find representative entities for …

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Improving Time And Space Efficiency Of Trie Data Structure, Nirmik Milind Kale Aug 2018

Improving Time And Space Efficiency Of Trie Data Structure, Nirmik Milind Kale

Computer Science and Engineering Theses - Archive

Trie or prefix tree is a data structure that has been used widely in some applications such as prefix-matching, auto-complete suggestions, and IP routing tables for a long time. What makes tries even more interesting is that its time complexity is dependent on the length of the keys inserted or searched in the trie, instead of on the total number of keys in the data structure. Tries are also strong contenders to consider against hash tables in various applications due to two reasons - their almost deterministic time complexity based on average key length, especially when using large number of …

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Hyper-Optimized Machine Learning And Deep Learning Methods For Geo-Spatial And Temporal Function Estimation, Neelabh Pant Aug 2018

Hyper-Optimized Machine Learning And Deep Learning Methods For Geo-Spatial And Temporal Function Estimation, Neelabh Pant

Computer Science and Engineering Dissertations - Archive

Owing to a high degree of freedom in human mobility, accurate modelling/estimation of human mobility function remains a challenge. Numerous work in the literature have tried to address the challenge using various traditional machine learning methods on spatio-temporal attributes of data. We compare the use of Varied-K Means clustering, Hidden Markov Model techniques, feed forward neural networks, recurrent neural networks (RNN) and Long Short Term Recurrent Neural Networks (LSTM) to predict a user's future movement based on the user's past historical data. Although several techniques were proposed to predict a user's movement, not many have concentrated on a user's location …

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Supporting Efficient Large-Scale Key-Value Systems With An Optimized Storage Hierarchy, Xingbo Wu Aug 2018

Supporting Efficient Large-Scale Key-Value Systems With An Optimized Storage Hierarchy, Xingbo Wu

Computer Science and Engineering Dissertations - Archive

Driven by the growing demands from big-data applications, the focus of their data management has been largely shifted from traditional SQL databases to NoSQL (Not-only- SQL) databases, such as key-value (KV) stores, which provides essential functionalities and much higher performance for storing and retrieving data. Correspondingly new hardware technologies have been developed to support the fast data accesses, such as NVMe SSDs and Infiniband network. However, existing designs of NoSQL databases usually see sub- optimal performance on fast hardware. Traditionally the computing overhead of a database system is overshadowed by the slow storage and network. With the adoption of the …

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D-Fens: Dns Filtering & Extraction Network System For Malicious Domain Names, Jeffrey Spaulding Aug 2018

D-Fens: Dns Filtering & Extraction Network System For Malicious Domain Names, Jeffrey Spaulding

Electronic Theses and Dissertations

While the DNS (Domain Name System) has become a cornerstone for the operation of the Internet, it has also fostered creative cases of maliciousness, including phishing, typosquatting, and botnet communication among others. To address this problem, this dissertation focuses on identifying and mitigating such malicious domain names through prior knowledge and machine learning. In the first part of this dissertation, we explore a method of registering domain names with deliberate typographical mistakes (i.e., typosquatting) to masquerade as popular and well-established domain names. To understand the effectiveness of typosquatting, we conducted a user study which helped shed light on which techniques …

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Artificial Intelligence For Cognitive Behavior Assessment In Children, Srujana Gattupalli Aug 2018

Artificial Intelligence For Cognitive Behavior Assessment In Children, Srujana Gattupalli

Computer Science and Engineering Dissertations - Archive

Cognitive impairments in early childhood can lead to poor academic performance and require proper remedial intervention at the appropriate time. ADHD a?ects about 6-7% of children and is a psychiatric neurodevelopmental disorder that is very hard to diagnose or tell apart from other disorders. Cognitive insu?ciencies hinder the development of working memory and can a?ect school success and even have long term e?ects that can result in low self-esteem and self-acceptance. The main aim of this research is to investigate development of an automated and non-intrusive system for assessing physical exercises related to the treatment and diagnosis of Attention De?cit …

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Algorithms For Exploratory Queries Over Web Database, Md Farhadur Rahman Aug 2018

Algorithms For Exploratory Queries Over Web Database, Md Farhadur Rahman

Computer Science and Engineering Dissertations - Archive

In recent years we have seen an increase in the popularity of many web applications. The functionality of these applications range from allowing users to interact using online social network, to assist users in their everyday activity such as selecting a hotel in an area, locating a nearby restaurant etc. Google Maps, WeChat, FourSquare, AirBnB, TripAdvisor, and Hotels.com are a few such examples. The backed database of these applications can be a rich source of information for the corresponding application domain. For example, using Google Maps a user can find the ratings, reviews, and price of a restaurant, using Zillow …

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Improving Performance And Security In Anonymity Systems, Mohsen Imani Aug 2018

Improving Performance And Security In Anonymity Systems, Mohsen Imani

Computer Science and Engineering Dissertations - Archive

Tor is an anonymity network that provides online privacy for the Internet users. Tor hides the user's traffic among the others' traffic. The more users Tor attracts, the stronger anonymity it provides. Unfortunately, users of the Tor anonymity system suffer from less-than-ideal performance, in part because circuit building and selection processes are not tuned for speed. Moreover, there are some attacks like guard fingerprinting and website fingerprinting attacks that try to profile or de-anonymize the Tor users. In this dissertation, we propose methods to address both security and performance issues in Tor. We first examine the process of selecting among …

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Open Problems From Cccg 2017, Joseph O'Rourke Aug 2018

Open Problems From Cccg 2017, Joseph O'Rourke

Computer Science: Faculty Publications

The following is a description of the problems presented on July 26th, 2017 at the open-problem session of the 29th Canad. Conf. Computational Geometry held at Carleton University, in Ottawa.

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Densely Connected Bidirectional Lstm With Applications To Sentence Classification, Zixiang Ding, Rui Xia, Jianfei Yu, Xiang Li, Jian Yang Aug 2018

Densely Connected Bidirectional Lstm With Applications To Sentence Classification, Zixiang Ding, Rui Xia, Jianfei Yu, Xiang Li, Jian Yang

Student Publications

Deep neural networks have recently been shown to achieve highly competitive performance in many computer vision tasks due to their abilities of exploring in a much larger hypothesis space. However, since most deep architectures like stacked RNNs tend to suffer from the vanishing-gradient and overfitting problems, their effects are still understudied in many NLP tasks. Inspired by this, we propose a novel multi-layer RNN model called densely connected bidirectional long short-term memory (DCBi-LSTM) in this paper, which essentially represents each layer by the concatenation of its hidden state and all preceding layers’ hidden states, followed by recursively passing each layer’s …

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Demand-Aware Charger Planning For Electric Vehicle Sharing, Bowen Du, Yongxin Tong, Zimu Zhou, Qian Tao, Wenjun Zhou Aug 2018

Demand-Aware Charger Planning For Electric Vehicle Sharing, Bowen Du, Yongxin Tong, Zimu Zhou, Qian Tao, Wenjun Zhou

Research Collection School Of Computing and Information Systems

Cars of the future have been predicted as shared and electric. There has been a rapid growth in electric vehicle (EV) sharing services worldwide in recent years. For EV-sharing platforms to excel, it is essential for them to offer private charging infrastructure for exclusive use that meets the charging demand of their clients. Particularly, they need to plan not only the places to build charging stations, but also the amounts of chargers per station, to maximally satisfy the requirements on global charging coverage and local charging demand. Existing research efforts are either inapplicable for their different problem formulations or are …

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Use Of Verified Twitter Accounts During Crisis Events, Kai Anderson Aug 2018

Use Of Verified Twitter Accounts During Crisis Events, Kai Anderson

All Graduate Theses and Dissertations, Spring 1920 to Summer 2023

This thesis reports on the use of verified Twitter accounts during crisis events. Twitter is a social media platform that allows users to broadcast and exchange public text messages and it can be used as a communication tool during crisis events. Verified Twitter accounts are those accounts that Twitter has investigated and found to be genuinely maintained by the claimed owner. Celebrities, public officials, and other well-known persons or companies often seek this account status. The owners of these accounts are likely to provide more accurate or relevant information during a crisis event because they represent a brand, whether themselves …

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Battery-Free Eye Tracker On Glasses, Tianxing Li, Xia Zhou Aug 2018

Battery-Free Eye Tracker On Glasses, Tianxing Li, Xia Zhou

Computer Science Technical Reports

This paper presents a battery-free wearable eye tracker that achieves sub-millimeter tracking accuracy at high tracking rates. It tracks both the 2D position and diameter of pupil based on pupil's light absorption property. With a few near-infrared (NIR) lights and photodiodes around the eye, NIR lights sequentially illuminate the eye from various directions while photodiodes sense spatial patterns of reflected light, which are used to infer pupil's position and diameter on the fly via a lightweight inference algorithm. The system also exploits characteristics of different eye movement stages and adjusts its sensing and computation accordingly for further energy savings. A …

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Security Services Using Blockchains: A State Of The Art Survey, Maeda Zolanvari, Aiman Erbad, Raj Jain, Mohammed Samaka Aug 2018

Security Services Using Blockchains: A State Of The Art Survey, Maeda Zolanvari, Aiman Erbad, Raj Jain, Mohammed Samaka

All Computer Science and Engineering Research

This article surveys blockchain-based approaches for several security services. These services include authentication, confidentiality, privacy and access control list (ACL), data and resource provenance, and integrity assurance. All these services are critical for the current distributed applications, especially due to the large amount of data being processed over the networks and the use of cloud computing. Authentication ensures that the user is who he/she claims to be. Confidentiality guarantees that data cannot be read by unauthorized users. Privacy provides the users the ability to control who can access their data. Provenance allows an efficient tracking of the data and resources …

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Zero Textbook Cost Syllabus For Cis 2200h (Introduction To Information Systems And Technologies), Curtis Izen Aug 2018

Zero Textbook Cost Syllabus For Cis 2200h (Introduction To Information Systems And Technologies), Curtis Izen

Open Educational Resources

This course introduces students to information systems in business. Due to the rapid developments in Information Technology (IT) and the dramatic changes brought by these new technologies in the way companies operate, compete and do business, familiarity with information systems has become indispensable for the leaders of today and tomorrow's organizations.

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Quantifying The Effect Of Dietary Restriction On Lifespans In Saccharomyces Cerevisiae, Kathryn Rouse Aug 2018

Quantifying The Effect Of Dietary Restriction On Lifespans In Saccharomyces Cerevisiae, Kathryn Rouse

Honors Theses

Dietary restriction (DR) increases lifespan in many organisms. The effect of DR is best studied in the budding yeast Saccharomyces cerevisiae; however, previous studies of the DR effect on yeast lifespan tend to be qualitative. Here, we quantitatively study the effect of DR on lifespan for a selection of gene deletions in a 168-strain set of Saccharomyces cerevisiae. Lifespans of these yeast mutants were measured in YPD with 2% glucose and 0.05% glucose conditions. To quantify the aging process and its influence by DR, we fit yeast lifespan data with a three-parameter network aging model that is informative of the …

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State Measurement Spoofing Prevention Through Model Predictive Control Design, Helen Durand Aug 2018

State Measurement Spoofing Prevention Through Model Predictive Control Design, Helen Durand

Chemical Engineering and Materials Science Faculty Research Publications

Security of chemical process control systems against cyberattacks is critical due to the potential for injuries and loss of life when chemical process systems fail. A potential means by which process control systems may be attacked is through the manipulation of the measurements received by the controller. One approach for addressing this is to design controllers that make manipulating the measurements received by the controller in any meaningful fashion very difficult, making the controllers a less attractive target for a cyberattack of this type. In this work, we develop a model predictive control (MPC) implementation strategy that incorporates Lyapunov-based stability …

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Formal Verification Of A Modern Boot Loader, Scott D. Constable, Rob Sutton, Arash Sahebolamri, Steve Chapin Aug 2018

Formal Verification Of A Modern Boot Loader, Scott D. Constable, Rob Sutton, Arash Sahebolamri, Steve Chapin

Electrical Engineering and Computer Science - Technical Reports

We introduce the Syracuse Assured Boot Loader Executive (SABLE), a trustworthy secure loader. A trusted boot loader performs a cryptographic measurement (hash) of program code and executes it unconditionally, allowing later-stage software to verify the integrity of the system through local or remote attestation. A secure loader differs from a trusted loader in that it executes subsequent code only if measurements of that code match known-good values. We have applied a rigorous formal verification technique recently demonstrated in practice by NICTA in their verification of the seL4 microkernel. We summarize our design philosophy from a high level and present our …

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Privacy-Preserving Photo Taking And Accessing For Mobile Phones, Ang Li Aug 2018

Privacy-Preserving Photo Taking And Accessing For Mobile Phones, Ang Li

Graduate Theses and Dissertations

Today, we are living in environments that are full of cameras embedded in devices such as smart phones and wearables. These mobile devices and as well as apps installed on them are designed to be extremely convenient for users to take, store and share photos. In spite of the convenience brought by ubiquitous cameras, users' privacy may be breached through photos that are taken and stored with mobile devices. For example, when users take a photo of a scenery, a building or a target person, a stranger may also be unintentionally captured in the photo. Such photos expose the location …

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