Computer Sciences Commons^™

Why Linear Interpolation?, Andrzej Pownuk, Vladik Kreinovich

Departmental Technical Reports (CS)

Linear interpolation is the computationally simplest of all possible interpolation techniques. Interestingly, it works reasonably well in many practical situations, even in situations when the corresponding computational models are rather complex. In this paper, we explain this empirical fact by showing that linear interpolation is the only interpolation procedure that satisfies several reasonable properties such as consistency and scale-invariance.

Derivation Of Gross-Pitaevskii Version Of Nonlinear Schroedinger Equation From Scale Invariance, Olga Kosheleva, Vladik Kreinovich

Departmental Technical Reports (CS)

It is known that in the usual 3-D space, the Schroedinger equation can be derived from scale-invariance. In view of the fact that, according to modern physics, the actual dimension of proper space may be different from 3, it is desirable to analyze what happens in other spatial dimensions D. It turns out that while for D ≥ 3 we still get only the Schroedinger's equation, for D = 2, we also get the Gross-Pitaevskii version of a nonlinear Schroedinger equation that describes a quantum system of identical bosons, and for D = 1, we also get a new nonlinear …

Towards Decision Making Under General Uncertainty, Andrzej Pownuk, Olga Kosheleva, Vladik Kreinovich

Departmental Technical Reports (CS)

There exist techniques for decision making under specific types of uncertainty, such as probabilistic, fuzzy, etc. Each of the corresponding ways of describing uncertainty has its advantages and limitations. As a result, new techniques for describing uncertainty appear all the time. Instead of trying to extend the existing decision making idea to each of these new techniques one by one, we attempt to develop a general approach that would cover all possible uncertainty techniques.

Physical Induction Explains Why Over-Realistic Animation Sometimes Feels Creepy, Olga Kosheleva, Vladik Kreinovich

Departmental Technical Reports (CS)

In the past, every progress of movie animation towards realism was viewed positively. However, recently, as computer animation is becoming more and more realistic, some people perceive the resulting realism negatively, as creepy. Similarly, everyone used to welcome robots that looked and behaved somewhat like humans; however, lately, too-human-like robots have started causing a similar negative feeling of creepiness. There exist complex psychology-based explanations for this phenomenon. In this paper, we show that this empirical phenomenon can be naturally explained simply by physical induction -- the main way we cognize the world.

Contradictions Do Not Necessarily Make A Theory Inconsistent, Olga Kosheleva, Vladik Kreinovich

Departmental Technical Reports (CS)

Some religious scholars claim that while the corresponding holy texts may be contradictory, they lead to a consistent set of ethical and behavioral recommendations. Is this logically possible? In this paper, somewhat surprisingly, we kind of show that this is indeed possible: namely, we show that if we add, to statements about objects from a certain class, consequences of both contradictory abstract statements, we still retain a consistent theory. A more mundane example of the same phenomenon comes from mathematics: if we have a set-theoretical statement S which is independent from ZF and which is not equivalent to any arithmetic …

Why Stable Teams Are More Efficient In Education, Francisco Zapata, Olga Kosheleva, Vladik Kreinovich

Departmental Technical Reports (CS)

It is known that study groups speed up learning. Recent studies have shown that stable study groups are more efficient than shifting-membership groups. In this paper, we provide a theoretical explanation for this empirical observation.

Why Are Fgm Copulas Successful: A Simple Explanation, Songsak Sriboonchitta, Vladik Kreinovich

Departmental Technical Reports (CS)

One of the most computationally convenient non-redundant ways to describe the dependence between two variables is by describing the corresponding copula. In many application, a special class of copulas -- known as FGM copulas -- turned out to be most successful in describing the dependence between quantities. The main result of this paper is that these copulas are the fastest-to-compute, and this explains their empirical success.

As an auxiliary result, we also show that a similar explanation can be given in terms of fuzzy logic.

Dense Gray Codes In Mixed Radices, Jessica C. Fan

Dartmouth College Undergraduate Theses

The standard binary reflected Gray code describes a sequence of integers 0 to n-1, where n is a power of 2, such that the binary representation of each integer in the sequence differs from the binary representation of the preceding integer in exactly one bit. In September 2016, we presented two methods to compute binary dense Gray codes, which extend the possible values of n to the set of all positive integers while preserving both the Gray-code property such that only one bit changes between each pair of consecutive binary numbers, and the density property such that the sequence contains …

Why Convex Optimization Is Ubiquitous And Why Pessimism Is Widely Spread, Angel F. Garcia Contreras, Martine Ceberio, Vladik Kreinovich

Departmental Technical Reports (CS)

In many practical applications, the objective function is convex. The use of convex objective functions makes optimization easier, but ubiquity of such objective function is a mystery: many practical optimization problems are not easy to solve, so it is not clear why the objective function -- whose main goal is to describe our needs -- would always describe easier-to-achieve goals. In this paper, we explain this ubiquity based on the fundamental ideas about human decision making. This explanation also helps us explain why in decision making under uncertainty, people often make pessimistic decisions, i.e.., decisions based on the worst-case scenarios.

In Fuzzy Decision Making, General Fuzzy Sets Can Be Replaced By Fuzzy Numbers, Christian Servin, Olga Kosheleva, Vladik Kreinovich

Departmental Technical Reports (CS)

In many real decision situations, for each of the alternatives, we only have fuzzy information about the consequences of each action. This fuzzy information can be described by a fuzzy number, i.e., by a membership function with a single local maximum, or it can be described by a more complex fuzzy set, with several local maxima. We show that, from the viewpoint of decision making, it is sufficient to consider only fuzzy numbers. To be more precise, the decisions will be the same if we replace each original fuzzy set with the smallest fuzzy number of all fuzzy numbers of …

Can We Detect Crisp Sets Based Only On The Subsethood Ordering Of Fuzzy Sets? Fuzzy Sets And/Or Crisp Sets Based On Subsethood Of Interval-Valued Fuzzy Sets?, Christian Servin, Gerardo Muela, Vladik Kreinovich

Departmental Technical Reports (CS)

Fuzzy sets are naturally ordered by the subsethood relation. If we only know which set which fuzzy set is a subset of which -- and have no access to the actual values of the corresponding membership functions -- can we detect which fuzzy sets are crisp? In this paper, we show that this is indeed possible. We also show that if we start with interval-valued fuzzy sets, then we can similarly detect type-1 fuzzy sets and crisp sets.

How To Deal With Uncertainties In Computing: From Probabilistic And Interval Uncertainty To Combination Of Different Approaches, With Applications To Engineering And Bioinformatics, Vladik Kreinovich

Departmental Technical Reports (CS)

Most data processing techniques traditionally used in scientific and engineering practice are statistical. These techniques are based on the assumption that we know the probability distributions of measurement errors etc.

In practice, often, we do not know the distributions, we only know the bound D on the measurement accuracy -- hence, after the get the measurement result X, the only information that we have about the actual (unknown) value x of the measured quantity is that $x$ belongs to the interval [X − D, X + D]. Techniques for data processing under such interval uncertainty are called interval computations; these …

Towards Predictive Statistics: A Pedagogical Explanation, Vladik Kreinovich

Departmental Technical Reports (CS)

In statistics application area, lately, several publications appeared that warn about the dangers of the inappropriate application of statistics and remind the users of the recall that prediction is the ultimate objective of the statistical analysis. This trend is known as predictive statistics. However, while the intended message is aimed at the very general audience of practitioners and researchers who apply statistics, many of these papers are not easy to read since they are either too technical and/or too philosophical for the general reader. In this short paper, we describe the main ideas and recommendation of predictive statistics in …

Iota Pi Application For Ios, Deborah Newberry

Computer Science and Software Engineering

Kappa Kappa Psi is a national honorary fraternity for college band members. They meet every Sunday night, and during these meetings they plan events (both internal and external) that aim to meet our goal of making sure that the Cal Poly band programs have their social, financial, material, and educational needs satisfied. This paper details the steps I took to create an application for them to use internally to help ease organizational processes.

Music Times: A Music Learning Game, Emily Woo

Computer Science and Software Engineering

Music Times is a two dimensional educational video game with the purpose of gamifying learning of musical concepts. It has elements of adventure and visual novel games, and incentivizes the player to learn music to explore new levels. It is developed in the Unity game engine, scripted in C#, and targeted for mobile devices. It has six working levels: three lesson levels and three corresponding challenge levels. Each level contains slight differences in visual and aural feel.

Shtresa Fizike Dhe Shtresa E Linkut Në Teknologjitë Aktuale Të Qasjeve Pa Tela, Labinot Haliti

Theses and Dissertations

Teknologjia informatike dita ditës po zhvillohet në mënyrë rapide.

Në vitet e 1990-ta rrjetet telekomunikuese në botë filluan digjitalizimin e plotë masovik. Ditëve të sotme inovacionet në domenin e komunikimeve satelitore, në telefoni pa tela dhe në komunikimin wireless me komutim paketi, kanë zvogëluar në masë të madhe koston e komunikimeve.

Në fillim rrjetat pa tela ishin privilegj për personat të cilët qëndronin mirë ekonomikisht, kurse sot ato janë nevojë e përditshme i të gjithë personave që posedojnë pajisje mobile qoftë atyre të prehrit, xhepit apo dorës. Pra, nevoja e informimit kudo dhe në çdo kohë ka bërë që njerëzit …

Space Shooter, Leunat Sherifi

Theses and Dissertations

Në ditët e sotme, telefonët e mençur janë bërë pjesë e jetës për secilin prej nesh. Koha të cilën e kalon një njeri në telefon është rritur thuajse proporcionalisht me zvogëlimin e kohës të cilën njeriu e kalon në kompjuter, që do të thotë se telefonët e mençur me te vertete kane pushtuar dhe po vazhdojne ta pushtojne tregun e teknologjise.

Telefonet e menqur perdoren si punekryes te shum operacioneve qe na nevoiten siq jane telefonatat e ndryshme, mesazhet, komunikimi ne rrjetet sociale, por gjithashtu duke mos anashkaluar edhe luajtjen e lojrave.

Në këtë temë diplome do të trajtohet krijimi …

Bootstrap, Foundation Dhe Krahasimi Në Mes Tyre, Jeton Dobruna

Theses and Dissertations

Zhvillimi i shpejtë i internetit dhe ndikimi që ai ka në jetën tonë, ka ndikuar në zhvillimin gjithmonë e më të shtuar të web faqeve.

Web faqet janë bërë pjesë e ҫdo biznesi, institucioni etj. Ҫdo biznes gjithmonë e më shumë po e sheh se të nevojshme web faqen e tyre. Kjo qon në kërkesen e zhvilluesve për krijimin e web faqeve.

Në mënyrë që web faqet të krijohen më shpejtë dhe më lehtë qoi deri te zhvillimi i frameworkëve. Frameworkët janë kode të shkruara që na ndihmojmë ti krijojmë web faqet duke ia përshtatur kërkesave tona.

Janë zhvilluar disa …

Pharmacy Sys, Menderim Zairi

Theses and Dissertations

Në këtë temë diplome do të trajtohet krijimi i web faqës në gjuhët programuese HTML CSS,Boostrap, PHP dhe MySQL. Webi sot luan një rol të rëndësishëm për klientin për të informuar rreth asaj që aj kërkon si dhe një rol të rëndësishëm për biznësët, kompanitë e ndryshme ku përmes web faqëve përsonale mund të promovojnë punët e tyre.

Webi është një paraqitje e integruar e Internet-it që përdorin klientët dhe serverat.

Klientët janë programet të cilat ju ndihmojnë të kërkoni informacion, ndërsa serverat janë programe që shpërndajnë informacionin tek klientët.HTML është një gjuhë që shërbën për krijimin dhe dizajnimin e …

Pencil Puzzles For Introductory Computer Science: An Experience- And Gender-Neutral Context, Zachary Butler, Ivona Bezáková, Kimberly Fluet

Presentations and other scholarship

The teaching of introductory computer science can benefit from the use of real-world context to ground the abstract programming concepts. We present the domain of pencil puzzles as a context for a variety of introductory CS topics. Pencil puzzles are puzzles typically found in newspapers and magazines, intended to be solved by the reader through the means of deduction, using only a pencil. A well-known ex- ample of a pencil puzzle is Sudoku, which has been widely used as a typical backtracking assignment. However, there are dozens of other well-tried and liked pencil puzzles avail- able that naturally induce computational …

Using Mobile Sensing To Test Clinical Models Of Depression, Social Anxiety, State Affect, And Social Isolation Among College Students, Philip I. Chow, Karl Fua, Yu Huang, Wesley Bonelli, Haoyi Xiong, Laura E. Barnes, Bethany A. Teachman

Computer Science Faculty Research & Creative Works

Background: Research in psychology demonstrates a strong link between state affect (moment-to-moment experiences of positive or negative emotionality) and trait affect (e.g., relatively enduring depression and social anxiety symptoms), and a tendency to withdraw (e.g., spending time at home). However, existing work is based almost exclusively on static, self-reported descriptions of emotions and behavior that limit generalizability. Despite adoption of increasingly sophisticated research designs and technology (e.g., mobile sensing using a global positioning system [GPS]), little research has integrated these seemingly disparate forms of data to improve understanding of how emotional experiences in everyday life are associated with time spent …

A Conceptual Framework For A Software Development Process Based On Computational Thinking, Catherine Higgins, Fredrick Mtenzi, Ciaran O'Leary, Orla Hanratty, Claire Mcavinia

Book Chapters / Conference Papers

A software development process is a mechanism to help software developers plan, design and structure the development of software to solve a problem. Without a process to guide the structured evolution of a solution, it is extremely likely that at least some aspect of the resulting software will be omitted or incorrectly implemented. Even though the importance of utilising a software process for solving problems is accepted, it is a topic that is addressed very lightly (if at all) in most freshman undergraduate computing courses with most courses focusing on programming procedures rather than the process of how to develop …

Gpumap: A Transparently Gpu-Accelerated Map Function, Ivan Pachev

Master's Theses

As GPGPU computing becomes more popular, it will be used to tackle a wider range of problems. However, due to the current state of GPGPU programming, programmers are typically required to be familiar with the architecture of the GPU in order to effectively program it. Fortunately, there are software packages that attempt to simplify GPGPU programming in higher-level languages such as Java and Python. However, these software packages do not attempt to abstract the GPU-acceleration process completely. Instead, they require programmers to be somewhat familiar with the traditional GPGPU programming model which involves some understanding of GPU threads and kernels. …

Mixed-Initiative Personal Assistants, Joshua W. Buck, Saverio Perugini

Computer Science Faculty Publications

Specification and implementation of flexible human-computer dialogs is challenging because of the complexity involved in rendering the dialog responsive to a vast number of varied paths through which users might desire to complete the dialog. To address this problem, we developed a toolkit for modeling and implementing task-based, mixed-initiative dialogs based on metaphors from lambda calculus. Our toolkit can automatically operationalize a dialog that involves multiple prompts and/or sub-dialogs, given a high-level dialog specification of it. Our current research entails incorporating the use of natural language to make the flexibility in communicating user utterances commensurate with that in dialog completion …

Efficient Revocable Id-Based Signature With Cloud Revocation Server, Xiaoying Jia, Debiao He, Sherali Zeadally, Li Li

Information Science Faculty Publications

Over the last few years, identity-based cryptosystem (IBC) has attracted widespread attention because it avoids the high overheads associated with public key certificate management. However, an unsolved but critical issue about IBC is how to revoke a misbehaving user. There are some revocable identity-based encryption schemes that have been proposed recently, but little work on the revocation problem of identity-based signature has been undertaken so far. One approach for revocation in identity-based settings is to update users' private keys periodically, which is usually done by the key generation center (KGC). But with this approach, the load on the KGC will …

Hitchride Ios App, Petar Georgiev

Computer Science and Software Engineering

HitchRide is a ride-sharing marketplace connecting regular people making similar trips so everyone benefits: the driver, the passenger, society and the environment. HitchRide allows participants to reduce their travel costs, meet new friends and conveniently reach their destination, all in a simple, satisfactory, and environmentally friendly way. We believe that we can make traveling truly enjoyable, one shared car ride at a time and help save the planet while we’re at it!

Matching Multiple Rigid Domain Decompositions Of Proteins, Emily Flynn, Ileana Streinu

Computer Science: Faculty Publications

We describe efficient methods for consistently coloring and visualizing collections of rigid cluster decompositions obtained from variations of a protein structure, and lay the foundation for more complex setups, that may involve different computational and experimental methods. The focus here is on three biological applications: the conceptually simpler problems of visualizing results of dilution and mutation analyses, and the more complex task of matching decompositions of multiple Nucleic Magnetic Resonance (NMR) models of the same protein. Implemented into the KINematics And RIgidity (KINARI) web server application, the improved visualization techniques give useful information about protein folding cores, help examining the …

Matching Multiple Rigid Domain Decompositions Of Proteins, Emily Flynn, Ileana Streinu

Computer Science: Faculty Publications

We describe efficient methods for consistently coloring and visualizing collections of rigid cluster decompositions obtained from variations of a protein structure, and lay the foundation for more complex setups, that may involve different computational and experimental methods. The focus here is on three biological applications: the conceptually simpler problems of visualizing results of dilution and mutation analyses, and the more complex task of matching decompositions of multiple Nucleic Magnetic Resonance (NMR) models of the same protein. Implemented into the KINematics And RIgidity (KINARI) web server application, the improved visualization techniques give useful information about protein folding cores, help examining the …

Using The Vehicle Routing Problem To Reduce Field Completion Times With Multiple Machines, Hasan Seyyedhasani, Joseph S. Dvorak

Biosystems and Agricultural Engineering Faculty Publications

The Vehicle Routing Problem (VRP) is a powerful tool used to express many logistics problems, yet unlike other vehicle routing challenges, agricultural field work consists of machine paths that completely cover a field. In this work, the allocation and ordering of field paths among a number of available machines has been transformed into a VRP that enables optimization of completion time for the entire field. A basic heuristic algorithm (a modified form of the common Clarke-Wright algorithm) and a meta-heuristic algorithm, Tabu Search, were employed for optimization. Both techniques were evaluated through computer simulations in two fields: a hypothetical basic …

An Online Educational Program Improves Pediatric Oncology Nurses’ Knowledge, Attitudes, And Spiritual Care Competence, Cheryl L. Petersen, Margaret Callahan, Donna O. Mccarthy, Ronda G. Hughes, Rosemary White-Traut, Naveen K. Bansal

Mathematics, Statistics and Computer Science Faculty Research and Publications

This study evaluated the potential impact of an online spiritual care educational program on pediatric nurses’ attitudes toward and knowledge of spiritual care and their competence to provide spiritual care to children with cancer at the end of life. It was hypothesized that the intervention would increase nurses’ positive attitudes toward and knowledge of spiritual care and increase nurses’ level of perceived spiritual care competence. A positive correlation was expected between change in nurses’ perceived attitudes toward and knowledge of spiritual care and change in nurses’ perceived spiritual care competence. A prospective, longitudinal design was employed, and analyses included one-way …