Computer Sciences Commons^™

Increasing Effectiveness Of The Zachman Framework Using The Balanced Scorecard, Anagha Gokhale

Purdue Polytechnic Masters Theses

The purpose of this study is to explore the impact of integrating the use of Zachman Framework of Enterprise Architecture and the Balanced Scorecard (BSC) Framework for an effective business-IT alignment. The study tries to identify certain gaps in the Zachman Framework focusing on the motivational aspects of the framework, which have been discussed in the literature review. The aim is to achieve the integration by mitigating these motivational aspect’s weaknesses in the Zachman Framework using the deliverables obtained from the BSC. Thus the author proposes to achieve business-IT alignment through this integration. No research studies in the past have …

Computation And Data Management In Distributed System, Chonglei Mei

Student Theses and Dissertations

Distributed systems are widely used in people's daily life. There are different resources in the distributed systems, including computing processors, memories, bandwidth, storages, etc. When tasks are processed in distributed systems, workload should be well scheduled among computing resources. Dynamic load balancing is the main goal of many runtime schedulers to adjust workloads on the fly. This thesis proposes different resource management mechanisms for different distributed systems. First, a new scheme of workload classification is introduced. Then, the virtual memory management in clusters is discussed. A static computation assignment tool, Pitcher, is developed later. After that, a novel algorithm for …

How To Implement A Content Management System, Jonathan M. Smith

Library Faculty Publications & Presentations

Web content management systems (CMS) are increasingly becoming the preferred solution for library websites and intranets. This session will describe the entire process of implementing CMS; from requirements gathering to post-launch evaluation. We will take a look at several popular open source CMS, and discuss the technical requirements for hosting these systems. Project management principles will be applied to the process, and usability testing methods will be discussed as part of the design and evaluation phases.

Is Competition Making A Comeback? Discovering Methods To Keep Female Adolescents Engaged In Stem: A Phenomenological Approach, Kathryn B. Notter

College of Education and Human Sciences: Dissertations, Theses, and Student Research

The decreasing number of women who are graduating in the Science, Technology, Engineering and Mathematics (STEM) fields continues to be a major concern. Despite national support in the form of grants provided by National Science Foundation, National Center for Information and Technology and legislation passed such as the Deficit Reduction Act of 2005 that encourages women to enter the STEM fields, the number of women actually graduating in these fields is surprisingly low. This research study focuses on a robotics competition and its ability to engage female adolescents in STEM curricula. Data have been collected to help explain why young …

A Study Of Improving The Parallel Performance Of Vasp., Matthew Brandon Baker

Electronic Theses and Dissertations

This thesis involves a case study in the use of parallelism to improve the performance of an application for computational research on molecules. The application, VASP, was migrated from a machine with 4 nodes and 16 single-threaded processors to a machine with 60 nodes and 120 dual-threaded processors. When initially migrated, VASP's performance deteriorated after about 17 processing elements (PEs), due to network contention. Subsequent modifications that restrict communication amongst VASP processes, together with additional support for threading, allowed VASP to scale up to 112 PEs, the maximum number that was tested. Other performance-enhancing optimizations that were attempted included replacing …

Early Stopping Of A Neural Network Via The Receiver Operating Curve., Daoping Yu

Electronic Theses and Dissertations

This thesis presents the area under the ROC (Receiver Operating Characteristics) curve, or abbreviated AUC, as an alternate measure for evaluating the predictive performance of ANNs (Artificial Neural Networks) classifiers. Conventionally, neural networks are trained to have total error converge to zero which may give rise to over-fitting problems. To ensure that they do not over fit the training data and then fail to generalize well in new data, it appears effective to stop training as early as possible once getting AUC sufficiently large via integrating ROC/AUC analysis into the training process. In order to reduce learning costs involving the …

Backflip: A Principled Approach To Online Attribute Verification, Devlin R. Daley

Theses and Dissertations

As traditional interactions in the real-word move online, services that require verified personal information from web users will increase. We propose an architecture for the verification of web user attributes without the use of cryptographic-based credentials. In this architecture, service providers are delegated a user's ability to directly contact a certifying party and retrieve attribute data. We demonstrate that this approach is simple for both developers and users, can be applied to existing Internet facilities and sufficiently secure for typical web use cases.

Interactive Object Selection And Matting For Video And Images, Brian L. Price

Theses and Dissertations

Video segmentation, the process of selecting an object out of a video sequence, is a fundamentally important process for video editing and special effects. However, it remains an unsolved problem due to many difficulties such as large or rapid motions, motion blur, lighting and shadow changes, complex textures, similar colors in the foreground and background, and many others. While the human vision system relies on multiple visual cues and higher-order understanding of the objects involved in order to perceive the segmentation, current algorithms usually depend on a small amount of information to assist a user in selecting a desired object. …

Performance Analysis Of Secure Hierarchical Data Aggregation In Wireless Sensor Networks, Vimal Kumar, Sanjay Madria

Computer Science Faculty Research & Creative Works

Data aggregation is a technique used to conserve battery power in wireless sensor networks (WSN). While providing security in such a scenario it is also important that we minimize the number of security operations as they are computationally expensive, without compromising on the security. in this paper we evaluate the performance of such an end-to-end security algorithm. We provide our results from the implementation of the algorithm on mica2 motes and conclude how it is better than traditional hop by hop security. © 2010 IEEE.

Defending Wireless Sensor Networks Against Adversarial Localization, Neelanjana Dutta, Abhinav Saxena, Sriram Chellappan

Computer Science Faculty Research & Creative Works

In this paper, we study the issue of defending against adversarial localization in wireless sensor networks. Adversarial localization refers to attacks where an adversary attempts to disclose physical locations of sensors in the network. the adversary accomplishes this by physically moving in the network while eavesdropping on communication messages exchanged by sensors and measuring raw physical properties of messages like Angle of Arrival, Signal Strength of the detected signal. in this paper, we aim to defend sensor networks against such kinds of adversarial localization. the core challenge comes from the sensors performing two conflicting objectives simultaneously: localize the adversary and …

Real-Time Data Compression In Wireless Sensor Networks, Tommy Szalapski, Sanjay Madria

Computer Science Faculty Research & Creative Works

Wireless sensor networks possess significant limitations in storage, bandwidth, and power. Additionally, real-time sensor networks cannot tolerate high latency. While some good compression algorithms exist specific to sensor networks, there remains a need for methods that do not introduce additional latency. This paper introduces a compression scheme which reduces storage, bandwidth, and power while also minimizing latency. Our Huffman style compression scheme exploits temporal locality and delta compression to provide better bandwidth utilization, thus reducing latency for real time applications. © 2010 IEEE.

Dynamic Social Grouping Based Routing In A Mobile Ad-Hoc Network, Roy Cabaniss, Sanjay Madria, George Rush, Abbey Trottay, Srinivasa S. Vulli

Computer Science Faculty Research & Creative Works

The patterns of movement used by Mobile Ad-Hoc networks are application specific, in the sense that networks use nodes which travel in different paths. When these nodes are used in experiments involving social patterns, such as wildlife tracking, algorithms which detect and use these patterns can be used to improve routing efficiency. the intent of this paper is to introduce a routing algorithm which forms a series of social groups which accurately indicate a node's regular contact patterns while dynamically shifting to represent changes to the social environment. With the social groups formed, a probabilistic routing schema is used to …

A Communication Efficient Framework For Finding Outliers In Wireless Sensor Networks, Dylan Mcdonald, Stewart Sanchez, Sanjay Kumar Madria, Fikret Ercal

Computer Science Faculty Research & Creative Works

Outlier detection is a well-studied problem in various fields. the unique challenges of wireless sensor networks make this problem especially challenging. Sensors can detect outliers for a plethora of reasons and these reasons need to be inferred in real time. Here, we present a new communication technique to find outliers in a wireless sensor network. Communication is minimized through controlling sensor when sensors are allowed to communicate. at the same time, minimal assumptions are made about the nature of the data set as to minimize the loss of generality in the architecture. © 2010 IEEE.

Efficient Simulation Architecture For Routing And Replication In Mobile Peer To Peer Network Of Uavs, Hemanth Meka, Sanjay Kumar Madria, Mohan Kumar, Mark Linderman, Sharma Chakravarthy

Computer Science Faculty Research & Creative Works

Most of the routing and replication algorithms assume the network to be large and therefore, the architecture and algorithms are designed to be scalable. These algorithms however may not perform well with limited number of nodes in a network of UAVs. It is better to design and simulate such algorithms to increase the efficiency in a small network as scalability is no longer an issue. for such networks, we present design and simulation of some effective routing and replication algorithms to route packets, disseminate information, and replicate data among nodes. © 2010 IEEE.

Web 2.0 Technologies Within A Higher Education Online Database Practicum Supporting A New Collaborated Methodology, Sandra Blackman

Regis University Student Publications (comprehensive collection)

Since the introduction of Web 2.0 technologies in 2004, computer based communication has evolved adding a new dimension to formal and informal knowledge sharing. Focusing on Web 2.0 technologies Facebook and Twitter, this case study researches the use of these tools to enhance a higher education online database practicum environment. This paper presents practical methodologies that can be used to incorporate Web 2.0 technologies to support knowledge sharing in a distance learning database practicum.

Text Segmentation Of Historical Degraded Handwritten Documents, Oliver Nina

Theses and Dissertations

The use of digital images of handwritten historical documents has increased in recent years. This has been possible through the Internet, which allows users to access a vast collection of historical documents and makes historical and data research more attainable. However, the insurmountable number of images available in these digital libraries is cumbersome for a single user to read and process. Computers could help read these images through methods known as Optical Character Recognition (OCR), which have had significant success for printed materials but only limited success for handwritten ones. Most of these OCR methods work well only when the …

Partition Based Phylogenetic Search, Kenneth A. Sundberg

Theses and Dissertations

Evolutionary relationships are key to modern understanding of biological systems. Phylogenetic search is the means by which these relationships are inferred. Phylogenetic search is NP-Hard. As such it is necessary to employ heuristic methods. This work proposes new methods based on viewing the relationships between species as sets of partitions. These methods produce more parsimonious phylogenies than current methods.

Intelligent Software For Ecological Building Design, Jens G. Pohl, Hisham Assal, Kym J. Pohl

Collaborative Agent Design (CAD) Research Center

Building design is a complex process because of the number of elements and issues involved and the number of relationships that exist among them. Adding sustainability issues to the list increases the complexity of design by an order of magnitude. There is a need for computer assistance to manage the increased complexity of design and to provide intelligent collaboration in formulating acceptable design solutions. Software development technology today offers opportunities to design and build an intelligent software system environment that can serve as a reliable intelligent partner to the human designer.

In this paper the authors discuss the requirements for …

Preconference Proceedings On Advances In Adaptive Planning Capabilities, Jens G. Pohl

Collaborative Agent Design (CAD) Research Center

No abstract provided.

A New Receiver Placement Scheme Using Delaunay Refinement-Based Triangulation, Mohammed Rana Basheer, Sarangapani Jagannathan

Electrical and Computer Engineering Faculty Research & Creative Works

In this paper, a sub-optimal solution to the receiver placement and number of receiver determination problem is introduced. to achieve this overall goal, first, localization error for a received signal strength indicator (RSSI)-Based N-receiver system localizing a transmitter is estimated. Subsequently, this estimator error along with the 2D-tessellation techniques such as Delaunay refinement are used to position candidate receivers not only to minimize their number needed to meet the location error threshold but also to reduce the dilution of localization accuracy due to the layout of receivers. Rigorous mathematical analysis indicates that the receiver count generated by our Delaunay Refinement-Based …

A New Adaptive Compression Scheme For Data Aggregation In Wireless Sensor Networks, Priya Kasirajan, Carl Larsen, S. Jagannathan

Electrical and Computer Engineering Faculty Research & Creative Works

Wireless sensor nodes typically have limited processing capabilities and are powered by batteries. the amount of energy expended in transmitting a single data bit would be several orders of magnitude higher when compared to the energy needed for a 32-bit computation. Thus, to maximize network lifetime, data transmissions should be minimized without losing vital information. in this paper, a novel adaptive compression scheme using nonlinear estimation theory is proposed for data aggregation. Satisfactory performance of the proposed compression scheme in the presence of noise, distortion, and quantization errors is demonstrated using Lyapunov approach. the proposed scheme is contrasted with existing …

A Method To Implement Location Transparency In A Web Service Environment, Xiaoshan Pan, Jens G. Pohl

Collaborative Agent Design (CAD) Research Center

Location transparency offers some significant benefits in the areas of middleware, Service-Oriented Architecture (SOA) and Cloud Computing. However, methods for achieving location transparency in a Web service environment are scarcely presented in the literature. This paper introduces such a method by describing a design and HTTP protocol-based implementation of location transparency. A number of benefits, including support for the creation of a virtual platform and increased mobility, availability and scalability of services, are elaborated. Two significant capabilities -performance-based load balancing and failover -are demonstrated as part of the experimental results.

On The Road To Intelligent Web Applications, Hisham Assal, Kym J. Pohl, Jens G. Pohl

Collaborative Agent Design (CAD) Research Center

Increasing access to data sources on the Internet offers expanding opportunities for equipping intelligent applications with the content they require whether broad in scope or rich in detail. Although typically originating within the web in a semi-structured form, with the use of inference-based translation and analysis mechanisms such content can be transformed into useful information and ultimately into actionable knowledge. Service-Oriented Architecture (SOA) offers a platform for accessing the web as invocable resources and effectively incorporating multiple sources of data and capabilities on the Internet into enterprise applications. Adding inference capabilities to SOA-based applications not only aids in the translation …

Solving The Data Deluge Problem, Jens G. Pohl

Collaborative Agent Design (CAD) Research Center

The paper postulates that the information technology revolution that is commonly referred to as the Information Age is currently in a transition stage between data-processing and knowledge management that should be more aptly referred to as the Data Age. Symptoms of this transition stage are a data deluge problem that is evidenced by the inability of human computer-users to effectively analyze and draw useful conclusions from the overwhelming volume of data that is being collected, the increasing complexity of networked systems, and the acknowledged vulnerability of virtually all existing digital systems to cyber security threats.

The author suggests that the …

Choosing Management Information Systems As A Major: Understanding The Smifactors For Mis, Thomas W. Ferratt, Stephen R. Hall, Jayesh Prasad, Donald E. Wynn

MIS/OM/DS Faculty Publications

Given declining management information systems (MIS) enrollments at our university, we seek to understand our students‘ selection of a major. Prior studies have found that students choose a major based on a number of factors, with subject matter interest consistently being most important. We contribute to the literature by developing a deeper understanding of what is meant by subject matter interest, which we refer to as smiFactors, for MIS as a major and career. Based on a qualitative analysis of open-ended survey questions completed by undergraduate business students, we confirm a number of smiFactors for MIS gleaned from recent studies …

Automated Theorem Prover Axiom Management, Ashley T. Holeman, Ewen Denney

STAR Program Research Presentations

Automated Theorem Provers (ATPs), are computer programs that use collections of axioms,which are logical statements assumed to be true, in order to prove conjectures. NASA uses these programs to verify safety and functional requirements in domains like Guidance, Navigation, and Control. There are about 30 axioms on each major topic including the theory of coordinate systems, elementary arithmetic and linear algebra. These axioms have been created over the duration of many projects and combined into a single file. One task is to manage the axioms by arranging them into logical sections, deleting unnecessary ones and rewriting some into a more …

Composing Music In Constrained Search Environments, Jeffrey Keene

Electronic Theses and Dissertations

Composing music with computers in constrained search environments adds complexities and problems not present in the traditional problem domain of generative music. The traditional and well researched mechanisms of Markov chains, genetic algorithms and data driven rule based systems do not directly map to a problem domain in which pitch choice and rhythm choice are likely to be highly limited.

We therefore explore several possible solutions to generating rhythms in extremely constrained environments with the goal of generating music that adheres to user specified constraints and is aesthetically pleasing.

A Comparative Study Of Filter-Based Feature Ranking Techniques, Huanjing Wang, Taghi M. Khoshgoftaar, Kehan Gao

Computer Science Faculty Publications

One factor that affects the success of machine learning is the presence of irrelevant or redundant information in the training data set. Filter-based feature ranking techniques (rankers) rank the features according to their relevance to the target attribute and we choose the most relevant features to build classification models subsequently. In order to evaluate the effectiveness of different feature ranking techniques, a commonly used method is to assess the classification performance of models built with the respective selected feature subsets in terms of a given performance metric (e.g., classification accuracy or misclassification rate). Since a given performance metric usually can …

A Comparative Study Of Threshold-Based Feature Selection Techniques, Huanjing Wang, Taghi M. Khoshgoftaar, Jason Van Hulse

Computer Science Faculty Publications

Abstract Given high-dimensional software measurement data, researchers and practitioners often use feature (metric) selection techniques to improve the performance of software quality classification models. This paper presents our newly proposed threshold-based feature selection techniques, comparing the performance of these techniques by building classification models using five commonly used classifiers. In order to evaluate the effectiveness of different feature selection techniques, the models are evaluated using eight different performance metrics separately since a given performance metric usually captures only one aspect of the classification performance. All experiments are conducted on three Eclipse data sets with different levels of class imbalance. The …

Investigating Capabilities Associated With Ict Access And Use In Latino Micro-Enterprises, Travis Good, Luis Flores Morales, Sajda Qureshi

Information Systems and Quantitative Analysis Faculty Proceedings & Presentations

While the process by which Information Technology enables growth in medium and large enterprises has been wellresearched, the corresponding processes in micro-enterprises are poorly understood. In fact, such micro-enterprises lie at the heart of many economies. This insight is important as information technology enables businesses to connect with each other through knowledge networking to carry out their basic business operations. There is thus a need to build our understanding of how micro-enterprises access and use technology in order to be able to assess the benefits they derive from ICT adoption. Following an analysis of two case studies of Latino micro-enterprises …