Computer Sciences Commons^™

Communication With Aboveground Devices In Wireless Underground Sensor Networks: An Empirical Study, Agnelo R. Silva, Mehmet C. Vuran

School of Computing: Conference and Workshop Papers

Wireless Underground Sensor Networks (WUSNs) consist of wirelessly connected underground sensor nodes that communicate untethered through soil. WUSNs have the potential to impact a wide variety of novel applications including intelligent irrigation, environment monitoring, border patrol, and assisted navigation. Although its deployment is mainly based on underground sensor nodes, a WUSN still requires aboveground devices for data retrieval, management, and relay functionalities. Therefore, the characterization of the bi-directional communication between a buried node and an aboveground device is essential for the realization of WUSNs. In this work, empirical evaluations of underground-to-aboveground (UG2AG) and aboveground-to-underground (AG2UG) communication are presented. More specifically, …

A Partial Taxonomy Of Substitutability & Interchangeability, Shant Karakashian, Robert J. Woodward, Berthe Y. Choueiry, Steven D. Prestwich, Eugene C. Freuder

School of Computing: Conference and Workshop Papers

•Introduction

–Basic form & extensions

–Features & use

–Further developments

•Taxonomy using a partial order

–One example

•Relation to

–General forms of symmetry

–Symmetry breaking during search

•Future research & conclusions

Recommender Systems: An Algorithm To Predict "Who Rate What", Rahul Singhal

Computer Science and Engineering Theses - Archive

Recommender systems are systems that recommend content for us by looking at certain factors including what other people are doing as well as what we are doing. Examples of such systems present today are Amazon.com recommending books, CDs, and other products; Netflix recommending movies etc. These systems basically recommend items or movies to customers based on the interests of the present customer and other similar customers who purchased or liked the same item or movie. Our paper goes beyond the concept of overall generic ranking and provides personalized recommendation to users. Despite all the advancements, recommender systems still face problems …

Typifying Wikipedia Articles, Quazi Mainul Hasan

Computer Science and Engineering Theses - Archive

In Wikipedia, each article represents an entity. Entity can have different types like person, country, school, science etc. Although Wikipedia encapsulates category information for each page, sometimes it is not sufficient to deduce the type of a page just from its categories. But, incorporating the clear type information in a Wikipedia page is very important for the users, as it will help them to explore the pages in more organized way. Hence, in my thesis, we explore different standard classification techniques, mainly Naïve Bayes and Support Vector Machines and experiment how these techniques can be made more effective for typifying …

A Comparison And Evaluation Of Motion Indexing Techniques, Harnish Bhatia

Computer Science and Engineering Theses - Archive

Motion capture (mocap) is a way to digitally represent the spatio-temporalstructure of human movement. Human motion is generally captured in long sequences to record the natural and complex aspects of human actions, its sequential transitions, and simultaneous combination. As the amount of mocap data increases, it becomes important to index the data in order to improve the performance of information access. The motion indexing problem involves several challenging issues due to the data being high dimensional, continuous, and time-variant. Indexing provides the means to search for similar motion in a mocap database, to recognize a query action as one among …

Smart Objects In A Virtual World, Akihiro Eguchi

Inquiry: The University of Arkansas Undergraduate Research Journal

The coming Internet of Things will usher in a smart semantic world where many more physical objects will be networked so that they can communicate with each other and with humans. This paper identifies protocols that smart objects will need to follow and the ways in which today’s virtual worlds can be used to better design and understand these protocols for tomorrow’s smart world.

Intelligent Computational Argumentation For Evaluating Performance Scores In Multi-Criteria Decision Making, Rubal Wanchoo

Masters Theses

"Multi Criteria Decision Making (MCDM) is a discipline aimed at assisting multiple stakeholders in contemplating a decision paradigm in an uncertain environment. The decision analysis to be performed involves numerous alternative positions assessed under varied criterion. A performance score is assigned for each alternative in terms of every criterion and it represents satisfaction of the criteria by that alternative. In a collaborative decision making environment, performance scores are either obtained when a consensus can be reached among stakeholders on a particular score or in some cases or controversial when stakeholders do not agree with each other about them. In the …

On The Applications Of Deterministic Chaos For Encrypting Data On The Cloud, Jonathan Blackledge, Nikolai Ptitsyn

Conference papers

Cloud computing is expected to grow considerably in the future because it has so many advantages with regard to sale and cost, change management, next generation architectures, choice and agility. However, one of the principal concerns for users of the Cloud is lack of control and above all, data security. This paper considers an approach to encrypting information before it is ‘place’ on the Cloud where each user has access to their own encryption algorithm, an algorithm that is based on a set of Iterative Function Systems that outputs a chaotic number stream, designed to produce a cryptographically secure cipher. …

Generating System Requirements For A Mobile Digital Evidence Collection System: A Preliminary Step Towards Enhancing The Forensic Collection Of Digital Devices, Ibrahim Baggili

Electrical & Computer Engineering and Computer Science Faculty Publications

Collecting digital devices in a forensically sound manner is becoming more critical since 80% of all cases have some sort of digital evidence involved in them (Rogers, 2006, p. 1) .The process of documenting and tagging digital devices is cumbersome and involves details that might not apply to other types of evidence, since each evidence item has unique physical characteristics (Hesitis & Wilbon, 2005, p. 17). The process becomes less manageable when a large number of digital devices are seized. This paper examines the information and issues investigators should be aware of when collecting digital devices at crime scenes. Furthermore, …

Solving Continuous Linear Least-Squares Problems By Iterated Projection, Ralf Juengling

Computer Science Faculty Publications and Presentations

I present a new divide-and-conquer algorithm for solving continuous linear least-squares problems. The method is applicable when the column space of the linear system relating data to model parameters is “translation invariant”. The central operation is a matrix- vector product, which makes the method very easy to implement. Secondly, the structure of the computation suggests a straightforward parallel implementation.

A complexity analysis for sequential implementation shows that the method has the same asymptotic complexity as well-known algorithms for discrete linear least-squares. For illustration we work out the details for the problem of fitting quadratic bivariate polyno- mials to a piecewise …

Pvw: Designing Virtual World Server Infrastructure, Francis Chang, C. Mic Bowman, Wu-Chi Feng

Computer Science Faculty Publications and Presentations

This paper presents a high level overview of PVW (Partitioned Virtual Worlds), a distributed system architecture for the management of virtual worlds. PVW is designed to support arbitrarily large and complex virtual worlds while accommodating dynamic and highly variable user population and content distribution density. The PVW approach enables the task of simulating and managing the virtual world to be distributed over many servers by spatially partitioning the environment into a hierarchical structure. This structure is useful both for balancing the simulation load across many nodes, as well as features such as geometric simplification and distribution of dynamic content.

Xpu: A Distributed Architecture For Metaverses, Francis Chang, C. Mic Bowman, Wu-Chi Feng

Computer Science Faculty Publications and Presentations

A significant problem of designing 3D virtual worlds (such as metaverses) is developing a scalable architecture that can manage millions of simultaneous users in an interactive 3D environment. This paper presents XPU (Extremely Partitioned Universe), a hierarchical client-server architecture for developing highly scalable metaverses. This design addresses the problem of dynamically partitioning the world to manage network and computing resources.

A Randomized Sublinear Time Parallel Gcd Algorithm For The Erew Pram, Jonathan P. Sorenson

Scholarship and Professional Work - LAS

We present a randomized parallel algorithm that computes the greatest common divisor of two integers of n bits in length with probability 1−o(1) that takes O(n log logn/ logn) time using O(n6 + ) processors for any > 0 on the EREW PRAM parallel model of computation. The algorithm either gives a correct answer or reports failure. We believe this to be the first randomized sublinear time algorithm on the EREW PRAM for this problem.

Data Analytics Over Hidden Databases, Arjun Dasgupta

Computer Science and Engineering Dissertations - Archive

Web based access to databases have become a popular method of datadelivery. A multitude of websites provides access to their proprietary datathrough web forms. In order to view this data, customers use the web forminterface and pose queries on the underlying database. These queries areexecuted and a resulting set of tuples (usually the top-k ones) is served to thecustomer. Top-k along with strict limits on querying are constraints used by thedatabase providers to conserve the power of the underlying data distribution.Delivering limited access only to tuples that satisfy a query enables providers toexpose only a small snippet of the entire …

Distributed Reasoning With El++ Using Mapreduce, Frederick Maier, Raghava Mutharaju, Pascal Hitzler

Computer Science and Engineering Faculty Publications

It has recently been shown that the MapReduce framework for distributed computation can be used effectively for large-scale RDF Schema reasoning, computing the deductive closure of over a billion RDF triples within a reasonable time. Later work has carried this approach over to OWL Horst. In this paper, we provide a MapReduce algorithm for classifying knowledge bases in the description logic EL⁺⁺, which is essentially the OWL 2 profile OWL 2 EL. The traditional EL⁺⁺ classification algorithm is recast into a form compatible with MapReduce, and it is shown how the revised algorithm can be realized within …

Bathymetric Attributed Grids (Bags): Discovery Of Marine Datasets And Geospatial Metadata Visualization, Kurt Schwehr, Andy Armstrong, Rick T. Brennan, David Fischman, Jon Sellars, Shep M. Smith Lt

Center for Coastal and Ocean Mapping

No abstract provided.

A Correlational Study Of Telework Frequency, Information Communication Technology, And Job Satisfaction Of Home-Based Teleworkers, Shana P. Webster-Trotman

Walden Dissertations and Doctoral Studies

In 2008, 33.7 million Americans teleworked from home. The Telework Enhancement Act (S. 707) and the Telework Improvements Act (H.R. 1722) of 2009 were designed to increase the number of teleworkers. The research problem addressed was the lack of understanding of factors that influence home-based teleworkers' job satisfaction. Job dissatisfaction has been found to have a significant impact on voluntary turnover. The purpose of the study was to assess the relationship among telework frequency, information communication technology (ICT), and job satisfaction. The research questions were designed to answer whether correlational relationships exist among telework frequency, ICT, and job satisfaction and …

A Structural Equation Model Of The Factors Associated With Influence And Power Of It Departments And Their Relationship To Firm's It Orientation And Business Performance, Raghu V. Kowshik

Walden Dissertations and Doctoral Studies

Although few firms can function without an information technology (IT) department, senior executives often consider IT as secondary. Historically, studies have found IT departments to have low influence and power status compared to other departments. Few, if any, studies have investigated what factors contribute to this subservient position. Three research questions that inspired this study regarding the IT department's influence and power included factors that shape the IT influence and power, the consequences for the firm's IT orientation and business performance, and how firm's IT orientation affects business performance. This quantitative study explored the notion that accountability, innovativeness, customer connectedness …

Comparing The Effects Of Two Asynchronous Teaching Methods, Wikis And Eboards, On Spanish Students' Cultural Proficiency, Kristopher D. Muir

Walden Dissertations and Doctoral Studies

Culture tends to be misplaced as a secondary instructional goal in most foreign language classrooms. Although research has suggested that a strong link exists between language and culture, the problem resides in how best to teach culture in the classroom. While this problem impacts all learners, it may affect high school students more because they are entering a multilingual and multicultural world through higher education, study abroad, and employment. Based on Moran's conceptual framework of culture, this study addressed a gap in the literature by examining the effects of 2 innovative technologies, wikis and eBoards, and their potential to improve …

Enhancing Personalized Search And Improving Accuracy And Performance For Keyword-Based Xml Queries, Kamal Taha

Computer Science and Engineering Dissertations - Archive

This dissertation research focuses on three aspects related to querying of XML data. The three focus areas are: (1) Improving accuracy of XML keyword queries by modeling the contexts of XML elements; (2) Enhancing XML-based personalized search by using group profiling to determine individual preferences; and (3) Improving performance of distributed XML querying by caching of frequently-used query results. For each of these three focus areas, we developed formal concepts and algorithms that lead to the improved accuracy and performance. Our contributions are as follows:1. Improving the accuracy of XML keyword queries:We improve search accuracy by utilizing nodes' contexts in …

A Framework For Robust Detection And Prevention Of Wide-Spread Node Compromise In Wireless Sensor Networks, Jun-Won Ho

Computer Science and Engineering Dissertations - Archive

Wireless sensor networks are known to be vulnerable to a variety ofattacks that could undermine normal sensor network operations. Manyschemes have been developed to defend the wireless sensor networksagainst various attacks. Most of them focus on making the networkand service protocols be attack-resilient rather than rooting outthe source of attacks. Although the attack-resiliency approachmitigates the threats on sensor network protocols, it requiressubstantial time and effort for continuously enhancing therobustness of the protocols in line with the emergence of newtypes of attacks. Accordingly, if we are able to detect and removethe sources of attacks as soon as possible, we could save …

Distributed Services In Pervasive Systems, Sagar A. Tamhane

Computer Science and Engineering Dissertations - Archive

Devices in pervasive systems are generally resource constrained, heterogeneous, personal, and mobile. These constraints limit the services and quality of service offered by the devices. For example, execution of such tasks as video and audio processing might not be possible or successful on cell phones, PDAs and sensors. Hence interactions between devices are exploited to perform collaborative task execution. Devices with better resource levels perform tasks on behalf of other devices. This dissertation provides algorithms for cooperative service executions in pervasive environments. The major contributions of this dissertation are: (1) Cluster Based Scheduling (CBS) algorithm that performs service scheduling in …

Context Reasoning Under Uncertainty Based On Evidential Fusion Networks In Home-Based Care, Hyun Lee

Computer Science and Engineering Dissertations - Archive

Pervasive computing technologies use embedded intelligent systems to enable various real-time applications. Some of these applications are: continuous healthcare monitoring, autonomous diagnosis and treatment, and remote disease management without spatial-temporal limitations. Additional healthcare applications include home-based care, disaster relief management, medical facility management, and sports health management. Issues related to the pervasive healthcare are generally classified into five categories: Hardware, Software, Regulations, Standardization and Organization. Our focus in this dissertation is on software issues. We propose new methods to generate a reliable context in a pervasive information system that has high rates of new measurements over time using data aggregation …

Revelations Of Adaptive Technology Hiding In Your Operating System, Kathleen P. King

Department of Leadership, Policy, and Lifelong Learning

Pre-publication version of a chapter about the assistive technology tools and resources available for free in Windows OS and Mac OS. Introducing higher education faculty to free resources, features and programs which they can recommend to their students or perhaps use for themselves (for instance for fading eyesight or hearing). In addition, the chapter briefly shares strategies and examples of how they might be used.

The book will have an entire chapter dedicated to assistive technology as well. This is a popularized assistive technology chapter for generalist, NON special education, faculty to become acquainted with readily available and free resources. …

Analyzing The Adoption Of Computer Security Utilizing The Health Belief Model, Chet L. Claar, Jeffrey Johnson

All Faculty Scholarship for the College of the Sciences

The home Internet user faces a hostile environment abundant in potential attacks on their computers. These attacks have been increasing at an alarming rate and cause damage to individuals and organizations regularly, and have the potential to cripple the critical infrastructures of entire countries. Recent research has determined that some individuals are not utilizing additional software protections available to mitigate these potential security risks. This paper seeks to further examine the reasons by proposing a conceptual framework that utilizes the Health Belief Model as a possible way to explain why some people do not perceive a threat sufficient to prompt …

A Robust Wireless Mesh Access Environment For Mobile Video Users, Fei Xie

Electronic Theses and Dissertations

The rapid advances in networking technology have enabled large-scale deployments of online video streaming services in today's Internet. In particular, wireless Internet access technology has been one of the most transforming and empowering technologies in recent years. We have witnessed a dramatic increase in the number of mobile users who access online video services through wireless access networks, such as wireless mesh networks and 3G cellular networks. Unlike in wired environment, using a dedicated stream for each video service request is very expensive for wireless networks. This simple strategy also has limited scalability when popular content is demanded by a …

Computer Science And The Liberal Arts: A Philosophical Examination, H. M. Walker, Charles F. Kelemen

Computer Science Faculty Works

This article explores the philosophy and position of the discipline of computer science within the liberal arts, based upon a discussion of the nature of computer science and a review of the characteristics of the liberal arts. A liberal arts environment provides important opportunities for undergraduate programs, but also presents important constraints. A well designed program can flourish in this environment, and evidence indicates that a liberal arts program in computer science can indeed succeed well.

A Visual Analytics Approach To Understanding Spatiotemporal Hotspots, Ross Maciejewski, Stephen Rudolph, Ryan Hafen, Ahmad Abusalah, Mohamed Yakout, Mourad Ouzzani, William S. Cleveland, Shaun Grannis, David S. Ebert

Cyber Center Publications

As data sources become larger and more complex, the ability to effectively explore and analyze patterns amongst varying sources becomes a critical bottleneck in analytic reasoning. Incoming data contains multiple variables, high signal to noise ratio, and a degree of uncertainty, all of which hinder exploration, hypothesis eneration/exploration, and decision making. To facilitate the exploration of such data, advanced tool sets are needed that allow the user to interact with their data in a visual environment that provides direct analytic capability for finding data aberrations or hotspots. In this paper, we present a suite of tools designed to facilitate the …

Higate (High Grade Anti-Tamper Equipment) Prototype And Application To E-Discovery, Yui Sakurai, Yuki Ashino, Tetsutaro Uehara, Hiroshi Yoshiura, Ryoichi Sasaki

Journal of Digital Forensics, Security and Law

These days, most data is digitized and processed in various ways by computers. In the past, computer owners were free to process data as desired and to observe the inputted data as well as the interim results. However, the unrestricted processing of data and accessing of interim results even by computer users is associated with an increasing number of adverse events. These adverse events often occur when sensitive data such as personal or confidential business information must be handled by two or more parties, such as in the case of e-Discovery, used in legal proceedings, or epidemiologic studies. To solve …

Local Versus Global Search In Channel Graphs, A.H. Hunter, Nicholas Pippenger

All HMC Faculty Publications and Research

Previous studies of search in channel graphs has assumed that the search is global; that is, that the status of any link can be probed by the search algorithm at any time. We consider for the first time local search, for which only links to which an idle path from the source has already been established may be probed. We show that some well known channel graphs may require exponentially more probes, on the average, when search must be local than when it may be global.