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Articles 691 - 720 of 816

Full-Text Articles in Computer Sciences

Intelligent Virtual Agent: Creating A Multi-Modal 3d Avatar Interface, Mark Dunne, Brian Mac Namee, John D. Kelleher Oct 2009

Intelligent Virtual Agent: Creating A Multi-Modal 3d Avatar Interface, Mark Dunne, Brian Mac Namee, John D. Kelleher

9th. IT & T Conference

Human-computer interactions can be greatly enhanced by the use of 3D avatars, representing both human users and computer systems in 3D virtual spaces. This allows the human user to interface with the computer system in a natural and intuitive human-to-human dialog (human face-to-face conversation). Hence, continuing to blur the boundaries between the real and virtual worlds. This proposed avatar system will go a step further and will use a camera to track the user’s head and eye movements during the dialog. This information will help to build rapport between the user and computer system by registering the user’s emotional state …

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Desktop Virtualisation Scaling Experiments With Virtualbox, John Griffin, Paul Doyle Oct 2009

Desktop Virtualisation Scaling Experiments With Virtualbox, John Griffin, Paul Doyle

9th. IT & T Conference

With recent advances in virtualization and a growing concern regarding the administration and cooling costs associated with managing legacy servers, organisations are moving towards server and desktop virtualisation. Virtualisation provides the ability to provision a servers resources efficiently thus increasing hardware utilisation and reducing costs. While server virtualization provides clear advantages with regard to system management, higher system availability and lower recovery times, desktop virtualization is often complicated by the issue of determining the number of concurrent virtual desktops capable of running on a single server while providing acceptable performance to each desktop user. Determining the number of virtualised desktops …

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Power Save-Based Adaptive Multimedia Delivery Mechanism, David Mcmullin, Ramona Trestian, Gabriel-Miro Muntean Oct 2009

Power Save-Based Adaptive Multimedia Delivery Mechanism, David Mcmullin, Ramona Trestian, Gabriel-Miro Muntean

9th. IT & T Conference

The use of mobile computing devices has become more and more common as such devices have become more and more affordable and powerful. With increases in throughput speed and decreases in device size, wireless multimedia streaming to battery powered mobile devices has become widespread. However, the battery power has not kept up with the advances in technology and has not increased so rapidly. This deficiency in battery power provides motivation for development of more energy efficient multimedia streaming methods and procedures. As such, an adaptive delivery mechanism is proposed to take into account the various drains on battery life and …

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A Study Of Mobile Internet Capability Trends To Assess The Effectiveness Of The W3c Default Delivery Context (Ddc), Ivan Dunn, Gary Clynch Oct 2009

A Study Of Mobile Internet Capability Trends To Assess The Effectiveness Of The W3c Default Delivery Context (Ddc), Ivan Dunn, Gary Clynch

9th. IT & T Conference

The mobile Internet is becoming increasingly popular, but the usability of many Web applications provides a negative mobile Internet experience. This paper researched the Internet capabilities of Web-enabled mobile phones through statistics generated using the R programming environment with data sourced from MobileAware’s Device Description Repository (DDR). Time series analysis and measures of location were applied to the data set. Hands-on testing using selected mobile browsers were carried out to backup and prove findings. The data set contained 1384 device descriptions from LG, Nokia, Motorola, Samsung and Sony Ericsson mobile phones that have a browser capable rendering XHTML Basic 1.0 …

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Sensing Learner Interest Through Eye Tracking, Haolin Wei, Arthir-Nicolae Moldovan, Cristina Muntean Oct 2009

Sensing Learner Interest Through Eye Tracking, Haolin Wei, Arthir-Nicolae Moldovan, Cristina Muntean

9th. IT & T Conference

Due to the rapidly growing of the amount of information, a stronger need emerges for efficient and flexible strategies for personalisation of the educational content. E-learning systems are very helpful for learners, however, people differ in knowledge level, learning styles and may seek for different information when they access web based e-learning systems. Therefore, content adapted to the user’s needs should be supported by the e-learning systems. In this paper we introduce a new e-learning environment that makes use of eye tracking mechanism to follow learner interest in certain topics and to perform content personalisation. The framework of the e-learning …

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Universal Design, Education And Technology, Ciaran O'Leary, Damian Gordon Oct 2009

Universal Design, Education And Technology, Ciaran O'Leary, Damian Gordon

9th. IT & T Conference

Universal Design is an approach to design which insists upon the consideration of users with diverse levels of ability. Rather than representing a specialist approach to design, it is recognised that Universal Design results in a better design for all. Furthermore, by isolating design for disability as an independent topic in education, or ignoring it altogether, educators create an exclusionist perception of the role and place of individuals with disability in modern society. Modern education programmes which teach design skills are enhanced in quality by mainstreaming Universal Design as a core topic, permeating all that surrounds it. This paper describes …

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Comparison Of Feature Classification Algorithm For Activity Recognition Based On Accelerometer And Heart Rate Data, Dominic Maguire, Richard Frisby Oct 2009

Comparison Of Feature Classification Algorithm For Activity Recognition Based On Accelerometer And Heart Rate Data, Dominic Maguire, Richard Frisby

9th. IT & T Conference

This paper describes a project to compare two feature classification algorithms used in activity recognition in relation to accelerometer and heart rate data. Data was collected from six male and female subjects using a single tri-axial accelerometer and heart monitor attached to each subject’s dominant thigh. Subjects carried out eight activities and the data was labelled semi-automatically. Features (mean, standard deviation, energy, correlation and mean heart rate) were extracted from the data using a window of 256 (3.4 seconds) and an overlap of 50%. Two classifers, k-NN and J48, were evaluated for activity recognition with 10-fold validation with k-NN (k …

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Development Of A Moodle Course Content Filter Using Meta Data, Kyle Goslin, Markus Hoffmann Oct 2009

Development Of A Moodle Course Content Filter Using Meta Data, Kyle Goslin, Markus Hoffmann

9th. IT & T Conference

Moodle is an E-Learning platform that is in use by many educational institutions across the world. This paper outlines the development of a Course page Content Filter created in PHP which can be applied to a Moodle course page to filter the course’s learning objects, displaying only those documents matching the filter selections. The Course Content Filter has been developed as a code patch to be installed to the Moodle installation and activated by the Moodle administrator. It comprises of additional settings to both the Moodle course page and the learning object upload pages. Filter controls appear at the top …

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An Improved Camshift Algorithm For Target Tracking In Video Surveillance, Chunrong Zhang, Yuansong Qiao, Enda Fallon, Chiangqiao Xu Oct 2009

An Improved Camshift Algorithm For Target Tracking In Video Surveillance, Chunrong Zhang, Yuansong Qiao, Enda Fallon, Chiangqiao Xu

9th. IT & T Conference

Target tracking in a cluttered environment remains a challenging research topic. The task of target tracking is a key component of video surveillance and monitoring systems. In this paper, we present an improved CamShift algorithm for tracking a target in video sequences in real time. Firstly, a background-weighted histogram which helps to distinguish the target from the background and other targets is introduced. Secondly, the window size is calculated to track the target as its shape and orientation change. Finally, we use a Kalman Filter to avoid being trapped by a local maximum. The introduction of the Kalman Filter also …

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Efficient Uwb Indoor Localisation Using A Ray-Tracing Propagation Tool, Tam Huynh, Conor Brennan Oct 2009

Efficient Uwb Indoor Localisation Using A Ray-Tracing Propagation Tool, Tam Huynh, Conor Brennan

9th. IT & T Conference

A novel method of applying Ray Tracing to the problem of Ultra-wide Band (UWB) indoor userlocalization is presented. This novel method for UWB localization is based on correlation between the received signal and a database of pre-computed ray-traced signals computed on a search curve. In the absence of real data the technique is validated by generating synthetic received signals using ray tracing plus Rayleigh distributed random multipath clusters as well as random amplitude and delay factors which account for database uncertainty. Results are presented that indicate that acceptable location and tracking performance can be achieved with a single sensor.

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Qos-Aware Iptv Routing Algorithms, Patrick Mcdonagh, Philip Perry, Liam Murphy Oct 2009

Qos-Aware Iptv Routing Algorithms, Patrick Mcdonagh, Philip Perry, Liam Murphy

9th. IT & T Conference

The aim of this paper is to describe how QoS (Quality of Service) metrics such as packet delay can be used to optimise the routing algorithms used in a network where IP Television (IPTV) content is being distributed. We outline the usage of metric instrumentation in a network to gauge the bandwidth limits of the network and how to use this information to generate a model of network link utilisation. Furthermore, we show that as the link utilisation rates change in our network model, we can modify the network routing algorithms to optimise the distribution of IPTV content to end-users.

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Parallelised Em Wave Progagation Modelling For Accurate Network Simulation, Catalin David, Conor Brennan, Olga Ormond, Marie Mullen Oct 2009

Parallelised Em Wave Progagation Modelling For Accurate Network Simulation, Catalin David, Conor Brennan, Olga Ormond, Marie Mullen

9th. IT & T Conference

A description of ongoing work which aims to provide better quality propagation models for use in network simulators is provided in this paper. A 3D ray-tracing model is described which allows for accurate specification of a variety of wave scattering phenomena. Details of its parallelisation are given as well as a discussion of future work including the incorporation of a visibility algorithm. Results illustrate the increased realism obtained by using site-specific propagation models.

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Vocate: Auditory Interfaces For The Lok8 Project, John Mcgee, Charlie Cullen Oct 2009

Vocate: Auditory Interfaces For The Lok8 Project, John Mcgee, Charlie Cullen

9th. IT & T Conference

The auditory modality has a number of unique advantages over other modalities, such as a fast neural processing rate and focus-independence. As part of the LOK8 project’s aim to develop location-based services, the Vocate module will be seeking to exploit these advantages to augment the overall usability of the LOK8 interface and also to deliver scalable content in scenarios where the user may be in transit or requires focus-independence. This paper discusses these advantages and outlines three possible approaches that the Vocate module may take within the LOK8 project: speech interfaces, auditory user interfaces, and sonification.

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Tracker: Indoor Positioning For The Lok8 Project, Viacheslav Filonenko, James Carswell Oct 2009

Tracker: Indoor Positioning For The Lok8 Project, Viacheslav Filonenko, James Carswell

9th. IT & T Conference

Spatial awareness is identified as a key feature of today’s mobile devices. While outdoor navigation has been accessible and broadly used for some time already with the help of GPS, indoor positioning has not yet made it into mainstream life. GPS and other GNSS systems offer accuracy of a scale different to that required for efficient indoor navigation. This research aims to investigate how a number of sensors such as a Digital Compass, Bluetooth and Accelerometer may be combined to calculate device position and orientation to perform directional querying in a spatial database. These three technologies were chosen because they …

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Self-Authentication Of Audio Signals By Chirp Coding, Jonathan Blackledge, Eugene Coyle Sep 2009

Self-Authentication Of Audio Signals By Chirp Coding, Jonathan Blackledge, Eugene Coyle

Conference papers

This paper discusses a new approach to ‘watermarking’ digital signals using linear frequency modulated or ‘chirp’ coding. The principles underlying this approach are based on the use of a matched filter to provide a reconstruction of a chirped code that is uniquely robust in the case of signals with very low signal-to-noise ratios. Chirp coding for authenticating data is generic in the sense that it can be used for a range of data types and applications (the authentication of speech and audio signals, for example). The theoretical and computational aspects of the matched filter and the properties of a chirp …

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The Potential Use Of Slow-Down Technology To Improve Pronounciation Of English For International Communication, Bunny Richardson Jul 2009

The Potential Use Of Slow-Down Technology To Improve Pronounciation Of English For International Communication, Bunny Richardson

Doctoral

The focus of this research is on oral communication between L1 (first language) and L2 (second language) English users - to determine whether an algorithm which slows down speech can increase the intelligibility of speech between interlocutors for EIC (English for International Communication). The slow-down facility is a CALL tool which slows down speech without tonal distortion. It allows English language learners more processing time to hear individual phonemes as produced in the stream of connected speech, to help them hear and produce phonemes more accurately and thus more intelligibly. The study involved five tests, all concerned with the intelligibility …

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Evolution Versus Revolution As A Strategy For Thin Client Acceptance: Case Study, Paul Doyle, Mark Deegan, Ciaran O'Driscoll Jul 2009

Evolution Versus Revolution As A Strategy For Thin Client Acceptance: Case Study, Paul Doyle, Mark Deegan, Ciaran O'Driscoll

Conference papers

Thin Clients have evolved from simple text based CRT dumb terminal devices in the 1960s, into a sophisticated architecture encompassing hardware, software, networks and protocols. However despite this recent evolution the Thin Client model has yet to re-emerge as a relevant design in an IT industry where Fat Clients (desktops and laptops) thrive. This paper describes two case studies performed within the Technological University Dublin School of Computing, focused on the issue of student acceptance of this technology. The first case study provides a dedicated single service Thin Client implementation, while the second case study adopts a process of coexistence …

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A Context-Aware Approach Based On Self-Organizing Maps To Study Web-Users' Tendencies From Their Behaviour, Luca Longo, Stephen Barrett Jun 2009

A Context-Aware Approach Based On Self-Organizing Maps To Study Web-Users' Tendencies From Their Behaviour, Luca Longo, Stephen Barrett

Conference papers

In the context of a highly volatile web of uneven quality, the identification of content deemed valuable by end users is of paramount importance. Where page content undergoes rapid change, this issue is particularly challenging. Web browsing activity represents a unique source of context by which the value of web pages can be determined via an assessment of individual user interactions, such as scrolling, clicking, saving and so forth. Over time, this data set forms a pattern of activity which can be mined for meaning. In this paper we present an approach to web content, based on Kohonen mapping, used …

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Applying Computational Models Of Spatial Prepositions To Visually Situated Dialog, John D. Kelleher, Fintan Costello Jun 2009

Applying Computational Models Of Spatial Prepositions To Visually Situated Dialog, John D. Kelleher, Fintan Costello

Articles

This article describes the application of computational models of spatial prepositions to visually situated dialog systems. In these dialogs, spatial prepositions are important because people often use them to refer to entities in the visual context of a dialog. We first describe a generic architecture for a visually situated dialog system and highlight the interactions between the spatial cognition module, which provides the interface to the models of prepositional semantics, and the other components in the architecture. Following this, we present two new computational models of topological and projective spatial prepositions. The main novelty within these models is the fact …

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Tight Lower Bound For The Sparse Travelling Salesman Problem, Fredrick Mtenzi May 2009

Tight Lower Bound For The Sparse Travelling Salesman Problem, Fredrick Mtenzi

Conference papers

The Sparse Travelling Salesman Problem (Sparse TSP) which is a variant of the classical Travelling Salesman Problem (TSP) is the problem of finding the shortest route of the salesman when visiting cities in a region making sure that each city is visited at least once and returning home at the end. In the Sparse TSP, the distance between cities may not obey the triangle inequality; this makes the use of algorithms and formulations designed for the TSP to require modifications in order to produce near-optimal results. A lower bound for optmisation problems gives us the quality guarantee of the near-optimal …

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Samats: Texture Extraction Explained, Joe Hegarty, James Carswell Feb 2009

Samats: Texture Extraction Explained, Joe Hegarty, James Carswell

Conference papers

The creation of detailed 3D buildings models, and to a greater extent the creation of entire city models, has become an area of considerable research over the last couple of decades. The accurate modeling of buildings has LBS (Location Based Services) applications in entertainment, planning, tourism and e-commerce to name just a few. Many modeling systems deployed to date require manual correspondences to be made across the image set in order to determine the models 3D structure. This paper describes SAMATS, a Semi-Automated Modelling and Texturing System, which has the capability of producing geometrically accurate and photorealistic building models without …

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Modelling Groups Of Plausible Virtual Pedestrians, Christopher Peters, Cathy Ennis, Carol O'Sullivan Jan 2009

Modelling Groups Of Plausible Virtual Pedestrians, Christopher Peters, Cathy Ennis, Carol O'Sullivan

Articles

No abstract provided.

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Talking Bodies: Sensitivity To Desynchronization Of Conversations, Rachel Mcdonnell, Cathy Ennis, Simon Dobbyn, Carol O'Sullivan Jan 2009

Talking Bodies: Sensitivity To Desynchronization Of Conversations, Rachel Mcdonnell, Cathy Ennis, Simon Dobbyn, Carol O'Sullivan

Articles

In this article, we investigate human sensitivity to the coordination and timing of conversational body language for virtual characters. First, we captured the full body motions (excluding faces and hands) of three actors conversing about a range of topics, in either a polite (i.e., one person talking at a time) or debate/argument style. Stimuli were then created by applying the motion-captured conversations from the actors to virtual characters. In a 2AFC experiment, participants viewed paired sequences of synchronized and desynchronized conversations and were asked to guess which was the real one. Detection performance was above chance for both conversation styles …

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Archetype Alignment: A Two-Level Driven Semantic Matching Approach To Interoperability In The Clinical Domain, Damon Berry, Jesus Bisbal Jan 2009

Archetype Alignment: A Two-Level Driven Semantic Matching Approach To Interoperability In The Clinical Domain, Damon Berry, Jesus Bisbal

Conference Papers

Semantic interoperability between electronic health record systems and other information systems in the health domain implies agreement about the structure and the meaning of the information that is communicated. There are still a number of similar but different EHR system approaches. Some of the newer approaches adopt the two-layer model approach where a generic reference model is constrained by archetypes into valid clinical concepts which can be exchanged. The meaning of the concepts that are represented by an archetype can be conveyed by embedding codes from a commonly recognised terminology at appropriate points in the archetype. However, as the number …

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Printed Document Authentication Using Texture Coding, Jonathan Blackledge, Khaled Mahmoud Jan 2009

Printed Document Authentication Using Texture Coding, Jonathan Blackledge, Khaled Mahmoud

Articles

The use of image based information exchange has grown rapidly over the years in terms of both e-to-e image storage and transmission and in terms of maintaining paper documents in electronic form. Further, with the dramatic improvements in the quality of COTS (Commercial-Off-The-Shelf) printing and scanning devices, the ability to counterfeit electronic and printed documents has become a widespread problem. Consequently, there has been an increasing demand to develop digital watermarking techniques which can be applied to both electronic and printed images (and documents) that can be authenticated, prevent unauthorized copying of their content and, in the case of printed …

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A Generic Framework For Arabic To English Machine Translation Of Simplex Sentences Using The Role And Reference Grammar Linguistic Model, Yasser Salem Jan 2009

A Generic Framework For Arabic To English Machine Translation Of Simplex Sentences Using The Role And Reference Grammar Linguistic Model, Yasser Salem

Other Resources

No abstract provided.

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A Generic Approach To Computer-Based Clinical Practice Guideling Management Using The Eca Rule Paradigm And Active Databases, Bing Wu, Kudakwashe Dube Jan 2009

A Generic Approach To Computer-Based Clinical Practice Guideling Management Using The Eca Rule Paradigm And Active Databases, Bing Wu, Kudakwashe Dube

Articles

The increasing demand for reduced cost and improved quality of service in healthcare has prompted the call for better management of medical knowledge. The main emphasis has been on knowledge that is acquired through experience and medical research and then formalised into Clinical Practice Guidelines (CPGs). This paper presents a generic approach to CPG information and knowledge management that uses the Event-Condition-Action (ECA) rule paradigm and active databases within a unified management framework. The paper focuses on an approach for facilitating the use and management of CPGs by clinicians through delivering the CPGs at the point-of-care by a computerised mechanism.

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The Good, The Bad And The Incorrectly Classified: Profiling Cases For Case-Base Editing, Sarah Jane Delany Jan 2009

The Good, The Bad And The Incorrectly Classified: Profiling Cases For Case-Base Editing, Sarah Jane Delany

Conference papers

Case-based approaches to classification, as instance-based learning techniques, have a particular reliance on training examples that other supervised learning techniques do not have. In this paper we present the RDCL case profiling technique that categorises each case in a case-base based on its classification by the case-base, the benefit it has and/or the damage it causes by its inclusion in the case-base. We show how these case profiles can identify the cases that should be removed from a case-base in order to improve generalisation accuracy and we show what aspects of existing noise reduction algorithms contribute to good performance and …

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A Mobile Ecg Monitoring System With Context Collection, Jin Peng Li, Damon Berry, Richard Hayes Jan 2009

A Mobile Ecg Monitoring System With Context Collection, Jin Peng Li, Damon Berry, Richard Hayes

Conference Papers

Preventative health management represents a shift from the traditional approach of reactive treatment-based healthcare towards a proactive wellness-management approach where patients are encouraged to stay healthy with expert support when they need it, at any location and any time. This work represents a step along the road towards proactive, preventative healthcare for cardiac patients. It seeks to develop a smart mobile ECG monitoring system that requests and records context information about what is happening around the subject when an arrhythmia event occurs. Context information about the subject’s activities of daily living will, it is hoped, provide an enriched data set …

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Three-Dimensional Spatial Information Systems: State Of The Art Review, Bianca Schoen-Phelan, D. Laefer, S. W. Morrish, M. Bertolotto Jan 2009

Three-Dimensional Spatial Information Systems: State Of The Art Review, Bianca Schoen-Phelan, D. Laefer, S. W. Morrish, M. Bertolotto

Articles

A spatial information system (SIS) is critical to the hosting, querying, and analyzing of spatial data sets. The increasing availability of three-dimensional (3D) data (e.g. from aerial and terrestrial laser scanning) and the desire to use such data in large geo-spatial platforms have been dual drivers in the evolution of integrated SISs. Within this context, recent patents demonstrate efforts to handle large data sets, especially complex point clouds. While the development of feature-rich geo-systems has been well documented, the implementation of support for 3D capabilities is only now being addressed. This paper documents the underlying technologies implemented for the support …

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