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Articles 661 - 690 of 816
Full-Text Articles in Computer Sciences
The Extent Of Clientelism In Irish Politics: Evidence From Classifying Dáil Questions On A Local-National Dimension, Sarah Jane Delany, Richard Sinnott, Niall O'Reilly
The Extent Of Clientelism In Irish Politics: Evidence From Classifying Dáil Questions On A Local-National Dimension, Sarah Jane Delany, Richard Sinnott, Niall O'Reilly
Conference papers
The availability of the full text of Irish parliamentary questions offers opportunities for using machine learning techniques to examine the currently much discussed role of elected representatives (TDs) in the Irish parliamentary system. Bluntly, are TDs mainly national legislators or “constituency messenger boys”? This paper presents an initial investigation into the use of automated text classification techniques to categorise parliamentary questions from 1922 up to 2008 as national or local. The approach uses a bag of words representation, standard feature reduction methods and an SVM classifier. Initial results show there is very little evidence in the corpus of parliamentary questions …
Clustering Weblogs On The Basis Of A Topic Detection Method, Fernando Perez-Tellez, David Pinto, John Cardiff, Paolo Rosso
Clustering Weblogs On The Basis Of A Topic Detection Method, Fernando Perez-Tellez, David Pinto, John Cardiff, Paolo Rosso
Conference Papers
In recent years we have seen a vast increase in the volume of information published on weblog sites and also the creation of new web technologies where people discuss actual events. The need for automatic tools to organize this massive amount of information is clear, but the particular characteristics of weblogs such as shortness and overlapping vocabulary make this task difficult. In this work, we present a novel methodology to cluster weblog posts according to the topics discussed therein. This methodology is based on a generative probabilistic model in conjunction with a Self-Term Expansion methodology. We present our results which …
A Study Of Accomodation Of Prosodic And Temporal Features In Spoken Dialogues In View Of Speech Technology Applications, Spyridon Kousidis
A Study Of Accomodation Of Prosodic And Temporal Features In Spoken Dialogues In View Of Speech Technology Applications, Spyridon Kousidis
Doctoral
Inter-speaker accommodation is a well-known property of human speech and human interaction in general. Broadly it refers to the behavioural patterns of two (or more) interactants and the effect of the (verbal and non-verbal) behaviour of each to that of the other(s). Implementation of this
behavior in spoken dialogue systems is desirable as an improvement on the naturalness of humanmachine interaction. However, traditional qualitative descriptions of accommodation phenomena do not provide sufficient information for such an implementation. Therefore, a quantitative
description of inter-speaker accommodation is required. This thesis proposes a methodology of monitoring accommodation during a human or humancomputer dialogue, …
Mobile Mapping System Lidar Data Framework, P. Lewis, C. Mcelhinney, Bianca Schoen-Phelan, T. Mccarthy
Mobile Mapping System Lidar Data Framework, P. Lewis, C. Mcelhinney, Bianca Schoen-Phelan, T. Mccarthy
Articles
Mobile Mapping Systems (MMSs) for infrastructural monitoring and mapping arebecoming more prevalent as the availability and affordability of solutions that generate high accuracy geospatial data has matured.However, no existent methodology or systemexists where all theLiDAR, video, navigation,infrared and multispectraldata sources,collected from thismobile platform are integrated into a single, comprehensivedata management solution. Based on empirical experience there is a need for an MMS-data management framework where these types of data can be dynamically accessed and integratedto enable different projects with varying objectives todynamically accessdifferent MMS-data for, in one example, use in feature extraction algorithms. In this paper we introduce the LiDAR …
Assessing The Application Of 3d Collaborative Interfaces Within An Immersive Virtual University, Gavin Mcardle, Bianca Schoen-Phelan, Michela Bortolotto
Assessing The Application Of 3d Collaborative Interfaces Within An Immersive Virtual University, Gavin Mcardle, Bianca Schoen-Phelan, Michela Bortolotto
Articles
The need to stimulate and engage students is of paramount importance within any learning scenario. Despite this, recent developments in online learning have failed to take this requirement into account. As a result e-learning courses which utilise traditional online learning management systems have a higher dropout rate than their classroom based counterparts. The attrition rate is attributed to boredom with the interfaces used to deliver learning material and also to the lack of opportunities to interact socially with others. Furthermore, being in a virtual environment imposes a whole new set of challenges onto users due to the distinct lack of …
Enhancing 3d Lidar Data Handling, Debra Laefer, Michela Bertolotto, Bianca Schoen-Phelan
Enhancing 3d Lidar Data Handling, Debra Laefer, Michela Bertolotto, Bianca Schoen-Phelan
Articles
more evident than in the limited capabilities of Spatial Information Systems (SIS) to manipulate data from aerial Light Detection and Ranging (LiDAR). Currently, multiple software packages are needed to conduct three-dimensional (3D) analysis of LiDAR data. This workflow heavily relies on importing and exporting different file formats, thus potentially losing accuracy and increasing costs. Ideally, all required functionality would be available within a single system. New functionalities in Oracle Spatial combined with our enhanced 3D-indexing for hosting and analysing offer a critical breakthrough in this area.
Motion In Augmented Reality Games: An Engine For Creating Plausible Physical Interactions In Augmented Reality Games, Brian Mac Namee, David Beaney, Qingqing Dong
Motion In Augmented Reality Games: An Engine For Creating Plausible Physical Interactions In Augmented Reality Games, Brian Mac Namee, David Beaney, Qingqing Dong
Articles
The next generation of Augmented Reality (AR) games will require real and virtual objects to coexist in motion in immersive game environments. This will require the illusion that real and virtual objects interact physically together in a plausible way. The Motion in Augmented Reality Games (MARG) engine described in this paper has been developed to allow these kinds of game environments. The paper describes the design and implementation of the MARG engine and presents two proof-of-concept AR games that have been developed using it. Evaluations of these games have been performed and are presented to show that the MARG engine …
Scalable Multi-Modal Avatar Interface For Multi-User Environments, Brian Mac Namee, Mark Dunne, John D. Kelleher
Scalable Multi-Modal Avatar Interface For Multi-User Environments, Brian Mac Namee, Mark Dunne, John D. Kelleher
Conference papers
This research outlines an Intelligent Virtual Agent (IVA) interface, where multiple users will be able to interact with 3D avatars. This will take place in a distributed multi-modal environ- ment where the LOK8 Avatar System (AS) will need to locate it’s users from a crowd, using face tracking and novel 3D animation techniques.
Cbtv: Visualising Case Bases For Similarity Measure Design And Selection, Brian Mac Namee, Sarah Jane Delany
Cbtv: Visualising Case Bases For Similarity Measure Design And Selection, Brian Mac Namee, Sarah Jane Delany
Conference papers
In CBR the design and selection of similarity measures is paramount. Selection can benefit from the use of exploratory visualisation- based techniques in parallel with techniques such as cross-validation ac- curacy comparison. In this paper we present the Case Base Topology Viewer (CBTV) which allows the application of different similarity mea- sures to a case base to be visualised so that system designers can explore the case base and the associated decision boundary space. We show, using a range of datasets and similarity measure types, how the idiosyncrasies of particular similarity measures can be illustrated and compared in CBTV allowing …
Inside The Selection Box: Visualising Active Learning Selection Strategies, Brian Mac Namee, Rong Hu, Sarah Jane Delany
Inside The Selection Box: Visualising Active Learning Selection Strategies, Brian Mac Namee, Rong Hu, Sarah Jane Delany
Conference papers
Visualisations can be used to provide developers with insights into the inner workings of interactive machine learning techniques. In active learning, an inherently interactive machine learning technique, the design of selection strategies is the key research question and this paper demonstrates how spring model based visualisations can be used to provide insight into the precise operation of various selection strategies. Using sample datasets, this paper provides detailed examples of the differences between a range of selection strategies.
Tunepal: The Traditional Musician's Toolbox, Bryan Duggan
Tunepal: The Traditional Musician's Toolbox, Bryan Duggan
Conference papers
In this paper we present Tunepal, a search engine and music retrieval tool for traditional musicians that runs on an iPhone/iPod Touch (2nd generation)/iPad. Tunepal connects musicians the scores and metadata of 13,290 traditional Irish, Welsh, Scottish and Breton dance tunes. These tunes are drawn from community sources, such as the website thesession.org and “standard” references including O’Neills Dance Music of Ireland and Brendan Breathneach’s Ceol Rince Na hÉireann series. Tunes can be retrieved by typing in a title or by playing a twelve second extract from the tune on a traditional instrument. Tunepal can be used in sitiu in …
Exploring The Frontier Of Uncertainty Space, Rong Hu, Patrick Lindstrom, Sarah Jane Delany, Brian Mac Namee
Exploring The Frontier Of Uncertainty Space, Rong Hu, Patrick Lindstrom, Sarah Jane Delany, Brian Mac Namee
Conference papers
We aim to investigate methods balancing exploitation with exploration in active learning to improve the performance of uncertainty sampling. Two exploration guided sampling methods are compared to uncertainty sampling on various real-life datasets from the 2010 Active Learning Challenge. Our initial experiments seems to indicate that combining exploration with uncertainty sampling improves performance on certain datasets but not all.
Svm Based Active Learning With Exploration, Patrick Lindstrom, Rong Hu, Sarah Jane Delany, Brian Mac Namee
Svm Based Active Learning With Exploration, Patrick Lindstrom, Rong Hu, Sarah Jane Delany, Brian Mac Namee
Conference papers
No abstract provided.
Egal: Exploration Guided Active Learning For Tcbr, Rong Hu, Sarah Jane Delany, Brian Mac Namee
Egal: Exploration Guided Active Learning For Tcbr, Rong Hu, Sarah Jane Delany, Brian Mac Namee
Conference papers
The task of building labelled case bases can be approached using active learning (AL), a process which facilitates the labelling of large collections of examples with minimal manual labelling effort. The main challenge in designing AL systems is the development of a selection strategy to choose the most informative examples to manually label. Typical selection strategies use exploitation techniques which attempt to refine uncertain areas of the decision space based on the output of a classifier. Other approaches tend to balance exploitation with exploration, selecting examples from dense and interesting regions of the domain space. In this paper we present …
An Empirically-Based Model For Perspective Selection In Route-Finding Dialogues, Robert J. Ross, Kavita E. Thomas
An Empirically-Based Model For Perspective Selection In Route-Finding Dialogues, Robert J. Ross, Kavita E. Thomas
Conference papers
In this work we aim to computationally model the extent to which certain empirical factors affect spatial perspective selection as used in route-finding dialogues. In such dialogues, both interlocutors need to adopt a spatial perspective in which to describe movement direction. In map-based tasks such as the one we are concerned with, two perspective choices are typically available, i.e., route perspective, where projective terms are defined with respect to the perspective of the route follower themselves, e.g., ``go to your right'', or survey perspective, where projective terms are defined with respect to a global or allocentric perspective, e.g., ``go down'', …
Cognitive Effort For Multi Agent Systems, Luca Longo
Cognitive Effort For Multi Agent Systems, Luca Longo
Conference papers
Cognitive Effort is a multi-faceted phenomenon that has suffered from an imperfect understanding, an informal use in everyday life and numerous definitions. This paper attempts to clarify the concept, along with some of the main influencing factors, by presenting a possible heuristic formalism intended to be implemented as a computational concept, and therefore be embedded in an artificial agent capable of cognitive effort-based decision support. Its applicability in the domain of Artificial Intelligence and Multi-Agent Systems is discussed. The technical challenge of this contribution is to start an active discussion towards the formalisation of Cognitive Effort and its application in …
A Computational Analysis Of Cognitive Effort, Luca Longo, Stephen Barrett
A Computational Analysis Of Cognitive Effort, Luca Longo, Stephen Barrett
Books/Book Chapters
Cognitive effort is a concept of unquestionable utility in understanding human behaviour. However, cognitive effort has been defined in several ways in literature and in everyday life, suffering from a partial understanding. It is common to say “Pay more attention in studying that subject” or “How much effort did you spend in resolving that task?”, but what does it really mean? This contribution tries to clarify the concept of cognitive effort, by introducing its main influencing factors and by presenting a formalism which provides us with a tool for precise discussion. The formalism is implementable as a computational concept and …
An Optical Machine Vision System For Applications In Cytopathology, Jonathan Blackledge, Dmitry Dubovitskiy
An Optical Machine Vision System For Applications In Cytopathology, Jonathan Blackledge, Dmitry Dubovitskiy
Articles
This paper discusses a new approach to the processes of object detection, recognition and classification in a digital image focusing on problem in Cytopathology. A unique self learning procedure is presented in order to incorporate expert knowledge. The classification method is based on the application of a set of features which includes fractal parameters such as the Lacunarity and Fourier dimension. Thus, the approach includes the characterisation of an object in terms of its fractal properties and texture characteristics. The principal issues associated with object recognition are presented which include the basic model and segmentation algorithms. The self-learning procedure for …
Encryption Using Deterministic Chaos, Jonathan Blackledge, Nikolai Ptitsyn
Encryption Using Deterministic Chaos, Jonathan Blackledge, Nikolai Ptitsyn
Articles
The concepts of randomness, unpredictability, complexity and entropy form the basis of modern cryptography and a cryptosystem can be interpreted as the design of a key-dependent bijective transformation that is unpredictable to an observer for a given computational resource. For any cryptosystem, including a Pseudo-Random Number Generator (PRNG), encryption algorithm or a key exchange scheme, for example, a cryptanalyst has access to the time series of a dynamic system and knows the PRNG function (the algorithm that is assumed to be based on some iterative process) which is taken to be in the public domain by virtue of the Kerchhoff-Shannon …
How Does Politics Affect Electronic Healthcare Adoption, Zanifa Omary, Fredrick Mtenzi, Bing Wu
How Does Politics Affect Electronic Healthcare Adoption, Zanifa Omary, Fredrick Mtenzi, Bing Wu
Conference papers
In the 21 century, the term e-healthcare has become the common buzzword in the world. Its popularity is directly related to the rate of its adoption and benefits that it offers to individuals and governments. Among the common benefits include reduction in medical errors, improvements on physician efficiency, improvement in physician-patient relationship and an increase in the quality of care delivered. Despite all these benefits, politics is one among the obstacles hindering its adoption. In this paper we analyse how politics at local, national and international levels affect e-healthcare adoption and thereafter we suggest appropriate alternatives to overcome these obstacles.
Dataset Threshold For The Performance Estimators In Supervised Machine Learning Experiments, Zanifa Omary, Fredrick Mtenzi
Dataset Threshold For The Performance Estimators In Supervised Machine Learning Experiments, Zanifa Omary, Fredrick Mtenzi
Conference papers
The establishment of dataset threshold is one among the first steps when comparing the performance of machine learning algorithms. It involves the use of different datasets with different sample sizes in relation to the number of attributes and the number of instances available in the dataset. Currently, there is no limit which has been set for those who are unfamiliar with machine learning experiments on the categorisation of these datasets, as either small or large, based on the two factors. In this paper we perform experiments in order to establish dataset threshold. The established dataset threshold will help unfamiliar supervised …
Voshm: A Velocity Optimized Seamless Handover Mechanism For Wimax Networks, Chi Ma, Enda Fallon, Yansong Qiao
Voshm: A Velocity Optimized Seamless Handover Mechanism For Wimax Networks, Chi Ma, Enda Fallon, Yansong Qiao
9th. IT & T Conference
For seamless handover in heterogeneous wireless networks, service continuity and minimal handover disruption time are the primary requirements. The emerging Media Independent Handover (MIH) standard proposes to address these requirements through the introduction of link performance prediction features. In particular the MIH Event Service introduces a Link_Going_Down event which utilizes L2 performance characteristics to trigger predictive events. While the MIH standard proposes a framework by which L2 events can be communicated to the upper layer, it does provide detail on the performance characteristics which trigger these events. In this paper, we design a MIH based Velocity Optimized Seamless Handover Mechanism …
Building Fire Emergency Detection And Response Using Wireless Sensor Networks, Yuanyuan Zeng, Sean Og Murphy, Lanny Sitanayah, Tatiana Tabirca, Thuy Truong, Ken Brown, Cormac Sreenan
Building Fire Emergency Detection And Response Using Wireless Sensor Networks, Yuanyuan Zeng, Sean Og Murphy, Lanny Sitanayah, Tatiana Tabirca, Thuy Truong, Ken Brown, Cormac Sreenan
9th. IT & T Conference
Wireless sensor networks (WSNs) provide a low cost solution with respect to maintenance and installation and in particular, building refurbishment and retrofitting are easily accomplished via wireless technologies. Fire emergency detection and response for building environments is a novel application area for the deployment of wireless sensor networks. In such a critical environment, timely data acquisition, detection and response are needed for successful building automation. This paper presents an overview of our recent research activity in this area. Firstly we explain research on communication protocols that are suitable for this problem. Then we describe work on the use of WSNs …
Performance Optimisation Of The Ait Campus Wireless Mesh Network Deployment, Eduardo Brito, Robert Stewart, John Allen, M. H. Hassan
Performance Optimisation Of The Ait Campus Wireless Mesh Network Deployment, Eduardo Brito, Robert Stewart, John Allen, M. H. Hassan
9th. IT & T Conference
The deployment of an 802.11x wireless mesh network in urban areas is a complex task and is traditionally based on an exhaustive site survey, rules-of-thumb or past experiences. In this research we propose exploring the spatial distribution of the clients, the topology and the clutter using software tools from Motorola in a VoWiFi mesh network before deployment. The objective is to obtain the optimal position for the wireless access points that allows an increase in the overall capacity and performance. The cost savings inherent in running real-time applications over IP based wireless mesh networks will be of interest to industry, …
Beyond Home Automation: Designing More Effective Smart Home Systems, Paolo Carner
Beyond Home Automation: Designing More Effective Smart Home Systems, Paolo Carner
9th. IT & T Conference
This paper outlines a Smart Home Proof-of-Concept system that uses a Bayesian Network to predict the likelihood of a monitored event to occur. Firstly, this paper will provide an introduction to the concept of a smart home system; then it will outline how Artificial Intelligence concepts can be used to make such systems more effective. Finally, it will detail the implementation of a smart home system, which uses an inference engine to determine the likelihood of a fire. The system prototype has implemented using a LonWorks™ hardware kit and a Netica™ Bayesian Network engine from Norsys.
Error Rate Based Analytical Switchover Approach For Multi-Homed Body Sensor Networks, Sadik Armagan, Enda Fallon, Yuansong Qiao
Error Rate Based Analytical Switchover Approach For Multi-Homed Body Sensor Networks, Sadik Armagan, Enda Fallon, Yuansong Qiao
9th. IT & T Conference
For patients who have undergone cardiovascular surgery it is necessary to monitor vital signs such as respiration, oxygen in the blood, temperature, and electrocardiogram (ECG) in real time. As well as the sensor device, many existing solutions need a bulky coordinating unit like a PDA located on the patient for network communication. In this paper we investigate an infrastructure mode based approach in which the wireless sensor, communicates directly with the wireless access point. Our investigation particularly focuses on how the emerging technology, Media Independent Handover (MIH) can be used by the wireless sensor to manage path migration. Since MIH …
Policy Refinement For Traffic Management In Home Area Networks: Problem Statement, Annie Ibrahim Rana, Micheal O Foghlu
Policy Refinement For Traffic Management In Home Area Networks: Problem Statement, Annie Ibrahim Rana, Micheal O Foghlu
9th. IT & T Conference
Traditional home area network (HAN) equipment is usually unmanaged and network traffic is served in best effort fashion. This type of unmanaged network sometimes causes quality-of-service issues in the HAN, for example loss of quality in streamed video or audio content. Traffic management rules using policies to prioritise certain types of traffic according to user requirements and to assign bandwidth limits to other traffic types. However very little work has been done yet addressing the specification of these requirements, how they would be communicated to the gateway device using policies, and how the policies would be refined into device level …
Context Aware Smart Classroom For Real Time Configuration Of Computer Rooms, Paula Kelly, Peter Daly, Ciaran O'Driscoll
Context Aware Smart Classroom For Real Time Configuration Of Computer Rooms, Paula Kelly, Peter Daly, Ciaran O'Driscoll
9th. IT & T Conference
The Context Aware Smart Classroom (CASC) is a classroom that responds to lecturers and student groups based on preset policies and the lecture timetables. CASC has been enhanced in two ways: initially to support the real-time software configuration of computers as required by specific laboratory activities; secondly to improve the decision making using knowledge engineering techniques. This paper outlines the design, implementation and evaluation of an enhanced system, CASC for Software Configuration (CASC–SC). Context aware environments respond in a pseudo-intelligent manner depending on the identity of occupants, particular location, desired activity and specific time. With the pervasive nature of personal …
A Mobile Multimodal Dialogue System For Location Based Services, Niels Schütte, John D. Kelleher, Brian Macnamee
A Mobile Multimodal Dialogue System For Location Based Services, Niels Schütte, John D. Kelleher, Brian Macnamee
9th. IT & T Conference
This paper describes ongoing work on the dialogue management components for LOK8, a multimodal dialogue system. We describe our plans for a basic architecture of the system, the rough modules and outline the kinds of models in the project, as well as the next steps in our work.
A Novel Protocol For Inter-Vehicular Video Transmission, Kevin O'Flynn, Hrishikesh Venkataraman, Gabriel-Miro Muntean
A Novel Protocol For Inter-Vehicular Video Transmission, Kevin O'Flynn, Hrishikesh Venkataraman, Gabriel-Miro Muntean
9th. IT & T Conference
Over the recent years, there has been an extraordinary increase in the demand for real-time multimedia and infotainment services in vehicular domain. The availability of multimedia services over mobile phones and the tremendous success of low-cost Laptops have given rise to the expectation of providing multimedia services while on the move in vehicles. However, there are significant technological challenges in establishing continuous high-rate communication between the Internet/Multimedia server and the vehicles. The main problem is that it is difficult to provide direct communication between the server and the vehicles especially when the vehicles are moving at a very high speed. …