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Articles 961 - 990 of 2388

Full-Text Articles in Physical Chemistry

Porous Co3O4 Hollow Nanospheres Cathode Catalyst For High-Capacity And Long-Cycle Li-Air Batteries, Tong Liu, Na Li, Qing-Chao Liu, Xin-Bo Zhang Apr 2015

Porous Co3O4 Hollow Nanospheres Cathode Catalyst For High-Capacity And Long-Cycle Li-Air Batteries, Tong Liu, Na Li, Qing-Chao Liu, Xin-Bo Zhang

Journal of Electrochemistry

In this paper, a high specific surface area of porous Co3O4 hollow nanospheres was successfully synthesized via hydrothermal carbonization at 140 °C, followed by calcination using cobalt nitrate hexahydrate (Co(NO3)2·6H2O), hexamethylenetetramine (HMT), sucrose, and sodium citrate (Na3C6H5O7). The porous Co3O4 hollow nanospheres consisted of nanoparticles with high specific surface area of mesoporous structure, and could provide active reaction sites for OER and ORR. When used as lithium-air battery cathode catalyst, the Co3O4/Super P (SP) electrode exhibited excellent cycle performance, resulting in high capacity and long life of lithium-air batteries.

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Electrodeposition Of Al-Mg Alloys From Acidic Alcl3-Emic-Mgcl2 Room Temperature Ionic Liquids, Rostomali M., P. Abbott Andrew, S. Ryder Karl Apr 2015

Electrodeposition Of Al-Mg Alloys From Acidic Alcl3-Emic-Mgcl2 Room Temperature Ionic Liquids, Rostomali M., P. Abbott Andrew, S. Ryder Karl

Journal of Electrochemistry

Electrodeposition of aluminium-magnesium alloys have been carried out onto platinum and copper cathodes from Lewis acidic aluminium(III) chloride-1-ethyl-3-methylimidazolium chloride ionic liquid containing magnesium(II) chloride by constant current and constant potential methods at room temperature. Magnesium content in the deposited alloy increases with increasing MgCl2 concentration in the ionic liquid and with increasing cathodic current density. The influences of various experimental conditions on electrodeposition and the morphology of the electrodeposited layers have been investigated by X-ray diffraction (XRD) and scanning electron microscopy (SEM) equipped with energy dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (EDAX). On increasing the deposition current densities the dense, bright, adherent …

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Syntheses And Electrochemical Performances Of Li4Ti5O12 Anode Materials For Lithium Ion Battery, Yong-Long Zhang, Xue-Bu Hu, Yao-Qiong Wang, Dong-Hai Huang Apr 2015

Syntheses And Electrochemical Performances Of Li4Ti5O12 Anode Materials For Lithium Ion Battery, Yong-Long Zhang, Xue-Bu Hu, Yao-Qiong Wang, Dong-Hai Huang

Journal of Electrochemistry

Series of spinel lithium titanate (Li4Ti5O12) materials were synthesized by one-step solid-state reaction using lithium acetate and TiO2 as raw materials under different temperatures (750/800/850 °C) and atmospheres (N2/air). The as-prepared Li4Ti5O12 materials were investigated by thermogravimetric analysis, X-ray diffraction, scanning electron microscopy, cyclic voltammotry and charge-discharge test to analyze their crystal structures, microstructures and electrochemical performances. The results show that the Li4Ti5O12（L-800N）material obtained at 800 °C under nitrogen atmosphere exhibited better electrochemical performance and smaller particle size. The initial …

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Unraveling Structures Of Protection Ligands On Gold Nanoparticle Au68(Sh)32, Wen Wu Xu, Yi Gao, Xiao Cheng Zeng Apr 2015

Unraveling Structures Of Protection Ligands On Gold Nanoparticle Au68(Sh)32, Wen Wu Xu, Yi Gao, Xiao Cheng Zeng

Xiao Cheng Zeng Publications

New low-energy atomic structures of the thiolate-protected gold nanoparticle Au68(SH)32 are uncovered, where the atomic positions of the Au atoms are taken from the recent single-particle transmission electron microscopy measurement by Kornberg and co-workers, whereas the pattern of thiolate ligands on the gold core is attained on the basis of the generic formulation (or rule) of the “divide and protect” concept. Four distinct low-energy isomers, Iso1 to Iso4, whose structures all satisfy the generic formulation, are predicted. Density-functional theory optimization indicates that the four isomers are all lower in energy by 3 to 4 eV than the …

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Electrochemical Monitoring Of Cell Wall-Regulated Transient Extracellular Oxidative Burst From Single Plant Cells, Jun-Tao Liu, Yan-Ling Liu, Zhi Cheng, Shi-Jing Chen, Wei-Hua Huang Feb 2015

Electrochemical Monitoring Of Cell Wall-Regulated Transient Extracellular Oxidative Burst From Single Plant Cells, Jun-Tao Liu, Yan-Ling Liu, Zhi Cheng, Shi-Jing Chen, Wei-Hua Huang

Journal of Electrochemistry

Oxidative burst by rapid, transient generation of reactive oxygen species (ROS) is a fundamental process for plant disease defense and signal transduction. ROS can be protective or toxic depending on their concentrations, and critical balance between ROS production and scavenging is regulated by complex and perfect mechanisms in plant cells. However, the process of rapid and transient ROS burst from plant cells and their regulatory mechanisms are far from being completely understood, owing to the methodological obstacles in real-time monitoring such a fast process. In this work, we showed the application of microelectrode electrochemistry with high spatiotemporal resolution to monitor …

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Novel Dna Electrochemical Biosensor For K-Ras Point Mutation Detection Based On Dna Polymerase I, Li-Qing Lin, Cheng-Fei Zhao, Zhou-Qian Jiang, Shao-Huang Weng, Xiao-Lan Xie, Xin-Hua Lin Feb 2015

Novel Dna Electrochemical Biosensor For K-Ras Point Mutation Detection Based On Dna Polymerase I, Li-Qing Lin, Cheng-Fei Zhao, Zhou-Qian Jiang, Shao-Huang Weng, Xiao-Lan Xie, Xin-Hua Lin

Journal of Electrochemistry

In this article, we developed a novel DNA electrochemical sensor for obtaining a current-time curve based on DNA polymerase I. The capture probes were fixed on the Au electrode by Au interacting with -SH, and then hybridized with the K-ras mutant target DNA as far as one base before the mutation site. After hybridizing the K-ras mutant or wild target DNA, the resulting assembly reacted with the dUTP-biotin in the presence of DNA polymerase I. Then avidin-HRP combined the dUTP-biotin on the electrode. The proposed electrode was applied for detection in TMB solution by electrochemical technology. The experimental results showed …

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A Novel Nitrite Sensing Electrode Based On Au/Fe3O4/Chitosan Nanocomposite, Ying Dong, Yong Wang, Huan-Huan Xing, Jian-Ying Qu Feb 2015

A Novel Nitrite Sensing Electrode Based On Au/Fe3O4/Chitosan Nanocomposite, Ying Dong, Yong Wang, Huan-Huan Xing, Jian-Ying Qu

Journal of Electrochemistry

A novel nitrite sensing electrode based on gold nanoparticles and iron oxides (Fe3O4) magnetic nanoparticles was fabricated with chitosan as the protective film on glassy carbon matrix. Experiment results showed that the sensing electrode exhibited good electrocatalytic activity toward oxidation of nitrite, and the oxidation peak current increased linearly with the concentration of nitrite varying from 5.0×10-6 to 2.0×10-3 mol·L-1 (R=0.9996) with a detection limit of 7.1×10-7 mol·L-1 (S/N=3). The sensing electrode exhibited good sensitivity, selectivity and repeatability.

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Electrochemiluminescence Assay Based On Bipolar Electrode For Bioanalysis, Mei-Sheng Wu, Jing-Juan Xu, Hong-Yuan Chen Feb 2015

Electrochemiluminescence Assay Based On Bipolar Electrode For Bioanalysis, Mei-Sheng Wu, Jing-Juan Xu, Hong-Yuan Chen

Journal of Electrochemistry

Bipolar electrodes (BPEs) are electronic conductors which are usually embedded into microchannels. The potential difference at the BPE/solution interface is obtained by applying a voltage at the two ends of the microchannel. When it reaches a critical value, the redox reaction takes place at both poles of the BPE simultaneously. Compared with other detection methods, the electrochemiluminescence (ECL) platform based on BPE possesses the advantages of concentration enrichment, high sensitivity, low cost, portable sensor system, no need for a light source, which is quite suitable for bioanalysis. This paper reviews the ECL-BPE strategy for bioanalysis and proposes the future research …

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Electrochemiluminescence Biosensors Based On The Signal Amplification Of Co-Reactants, Hai-Jun Wang, Li-Juan Xiao, Ying He, Xin-Ya Jiang, Ya-Li Yuan, Ying Zhuo, Ya-Qin Chai, Ruo Yuan Feb 2015

Electrochemiluminescence Biosensors Based On The Signal Amplification Of Co-Reactants, Hai-Jun Wang, Li-Juan Xiao, Ying He, Xin-Ya Jiang, Ya-Li Yuan, Ying Zhuo, Ya-Qin Chai, Ruo Yuan

Journal of Electrochemistry

Using co-reactants to enhance the luminous efficiency of luminophores is a common, convenient and effective method in the construction of the electrochemiluminescence (ECL) biosensors. However, the different methods of introducing co-reactants in the construction of the ECL biosensors will bring different amplification effects. In this review, several signal amplification methods through co-reactants are summarized: 1) Adding the co-reactants directly into the detection solution; 2) Immobilizing the co-reactants onto the electrode surface; 3) Using enzymatic reaction to generate co-reactants in situ around the electrode surface. And then, the outlook of the ECL signal amplification strategy is proposed on those bases.

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An Enzymatic Ethanol/O2 Biofuel Cell Powered By Commercial Vodka Fuel, Yi-Ming Yan, Lan-Qun Mao Feb 2015

An Enzymatic Ethanol/O2 Biofuel Cell Powered By Commercial Vodka Fuel, Yi-Ming Yan, Lan-Qun Mao

Journal of Electrochemistry

This study demonstrates the performance of a new type alcohol/O2 biofuel cell assembled by using alcohol dehydrogenase (ADH) and bilirubin oxidase (BOD) as the biocatalysts of the bioanode and the biocathode for the bioelectrocatalytic oxidation of alcohol and reduction of oxygen, respectively. To construct the bioanode and the biocathode, single-walled carbon nanotubes (SWCNTs) were used. In the bioanode, SWCNTs were used as the supporting materials for both methylene green (MG) which was used as the electrocatalyst for the oxidation of NADH and ADH. The as-constructed MG/ADH/SWCNTs-based bioanode exhibits a good activity toward the bioelectrocatalytic oxidation of ethanol. In the …

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Sensitive Detection Of Hydroxyl Radical Based On Silver-Enhanced Gold Nanoparticle Label, Yan Yang, Peng Yu, Xiao-Hua Zhang, Jin-Hua Chen Feb 2015

Sensitive Detection Of Hydroxyl Radical Based On Silver-Enhanced Gold Nanoparticle Label, Yan Yang, Peng Yu, Xiao-Hua Zhang, Jin-Hua Chen

Journal of Electrochemistry

A novel DNA-based electrochemical sensor has been successfully constructed for sensitive detection of hydroxyl radical (·OH) based on the silver-enhanced gold nanoparticle label. Thiolated DNA1 was firstly immobilized on the gold electrode through Au—S bonds. The ·OH generated from Fenton reaction could induce serious oxidative damage of the DNA1 layer on the electrode surface. Then DNA2-functionalized gold nanoparticles (DNA2-AuNPs) were linked on the electrode through the hybridization between DNA2 and undamaged DNA1. Based on the catalytic reduction of silver ion by AuNPs, a silver layer was formed on the surface of AuNPs. The quantitative assay of ·OH was carried out …

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A Multi-Channel Electrochemical Immunosensing System With Polyhrp-Based Signal Amplification For The Detection Of Tumor Markers, Wang-Ping Deng, Yan-Zhi Dou, Jing Su, Lin Hao, Shi-Ping Song, Chun-Hai Fan Feb 2015

A Multi-Channel Electrochemical Immunosensing System With Polyhrp-Based Signal Amplification For The Detection Of Tumor Markers, Wang-Ping Deng, Yan-Zhi Dou, Jing Su, Lin Hao, Shi-Ping Song, Chun-Hai Fan

Journal of Electrochemistry

We have developed a multi-channel electrochemical immunosensing system for the detection of α-fetoprotein (AFP). The sensing system consisted of carbon screen-printed electrode (SPCE) arrays and polyHRP-based signal amplification probes. AFP antigens could bind to both capture antibodies immobilized on electrode arrays ant detection antibodies (anti-AFP IgG developed in rabbit). The anti-rabbit IgG conjugated to poly-horseradish peroxidase were used as a signaling probe to bind to the immuno-complex. The current signals were harvested by a home-made multi-channels electrochemical detector. AFP could be detected in the concentration ranges of 64 pg·mL-1 ~ 250 ng·mL-1. The detection limit was as …

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Fabrication And Application Of Cytochrome P450 Electrochemcial Biosensor In Drug Metabolism, Xuan Xu, Ju-Sheng Lu, Song-Qin Liu Feb 2015

Fabrication And Application Of Cytochrome P450 Electrochemcial Biosensor In Drug Metabolism, Xuan Xu, Ju-Sheng Lu, Song-Qin Liu

Journal of Electrochemistry

The process of drug metabolism plays an important role in drug efficacy and toxicity in vivo. Thus, the development of cheap, continent, rapid and high-throughput method for drug metabolism studies has great guiding significance for the design of new drugs, the determination of drug dosage and the detection of clinical drugs. Since the key role played by Cytochrome P450 (CYP450) in phase-I drug reaction, the constructed CYP450 enzyme biosensor can be used for the initial screening of drugs. It is found that the replacement of coenzyme NADPH with an electrode is to provide two electrons demanded in the catalytic reaction. …

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Electrochemical Detection Of L-Cysteine Based On Iron Phthalocyanine/Nitrogen-Doped Graphene Modified Electrodes, Jing-Jing Xiao, Hui-Ying Xu, Li Xu, Bao-Hong Liu Feb 2015

Electrochemical Detection Of L-Cysteine Based On Iron Phthalocyanine/Nitrogen-Doped Graphene Modified Electrodes, Jing-Jing Xiao, Hui-Ying Xu, Li Xu, Bao-Hong Liu

Journal of Electrochemistry

In this study, we report a facile method to develop FePc/N-G hybrid modified electrode for the detection of L-cysteine. The electrochemical sensor was characterized by cyclic voltammetry and amperometric response. The sensor exhibited a wider linear range with rapid response which has outperformed pure FePc/GCE, highlighting the important role of nitrogen doped graphene as substrate for improving the electrochemical response property.

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Naio4 Oxidation Of Mussel Adhesive Protein Film And Its Corrosion Protection For Mg-1.0ca Alloy, Rui-Qing Hou, Ping-Li Jiang, Shi-Gang Dong, Chang-Jian Lin Feb 2015

Naio4 Oxidation Of Mussel Adhesive Protein Film And Its Corrosion Protection For Mg-1.0ca Alloy, Rui-Qing Hou, Ping-Li Jiang, Shi-Gang Dong, Chang-Jian Lin

Journal of Electrochemistry

The effect of oxidation of mussel adhesive protein (Mefp-1) film on the corrosive resistance for Mg-1.0Ca alloy was investigated by scanning electron microscopy (SEM), atom force microscopy (AFM), electron probe microanalysis (EPMA), Infrared reflection absorption spectroscopy (IRAS) and electrochemical methods. The results showed that the NaIO4 induced oxidation of the pre-formed Mefp-1 film with porous morphology involved structural change of the DOPA group in the protein and resulted in a more uniform film with net-like morphology. The protein film without oxidation had an increasing resistance for the corrosion of Mg-1.0Ca alloy up to 7 days exposure. After oxidation, Epit …

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Nanosized Fe2O3 On Three Dimensional Hierarchical Porous Graphene-Like Matrices As High-Performance Anode Material For Lithium Ion Batteries, Qin-Wei Zhang, Yun-Yong Li, Pei-Kang Shen Feb 2015

Nanosized Fe2O3 On Three Dimensional Hierarchical Porous Graphene-Like Matrices As High-Performance Anode Material For Lithium Ion Batteries, Qin-Wei Zhang, Yun-Yong Li, Pei-Kang Shen

Journal of Electrochemistry

Ferric oxide (Fe2O3) as a promising anode material for lithium ion battery is due to its high theoretical capacity (1007 mAh·g-1), earth abundance and low cost. The nanosized Fe2O3 on the three dimensional hierarchical porous graphene-like network (denoted as Fe2O3-3D HPG) has been synthesized by homogeneous precipitation and heat treatment. The 3D HPG can provide a highly conductive structure in conjunction to support well contacted Fe2O3 nanoparticles, and effectively enhance the mechanical strength of the matrices during volume changes, as well as improve the …

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Preparation And Properties Of Titanium Based Metal Oxide Electrodes For Ammonia Nitrogen Wastewater Treatment, Xue Li, Meng Xue, Ling Huang, Jun-Tao Li, Shi-Gang Sun Feb 2015

Preparation And Properties Of Titanium Based Metal Oxide Electrodes For Ammonia Nitrogen Wastewater Treatment, Xue Li, Meng Xue, Ling Huang, Jun-Tao Li, Shi-Gang Sun

Journal of Electrochemistry

In this paper, four types of titanium based metal oxides electrodes were prepared by thermal decomposition method: Ti/SnO2+Sb2O3, Ti/SnO2+Sb2O3/SnO2+IrO2, Ti/SnO2+Sb2O3/SnO2+RuO2, Ti/SnO2+Sb2O3/SnO2+CeO2. The XRD results show that CeO2 in Ti/SnO2+Sb2O3/SnO2+CeO2 displayed a good crystal structure, and there was no significant oxygen evolution reaction occurred after electrolytic oxidation. Compared with the other three electrodes, the Ce-doped …

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Effects Of Etchants On Surface Morphologies And Electrochemical Performance Of Iro2-Mno2 Anodic Nano-Coatings, Qing-Guo Fan, Zhi-Guo Ye, Hui-Min Meng, Chun-Min Lu Feb 2015

Effects Of Etchants On Surface Morphologies And Electrochemical Performance Of Iro2-Mno2 Anodic Nano-Coatings, Qing-Guo Fan, Zhi-Guo Ye, Hui-Min Meng, Chun-Min Lu

Journal of Electrochemistry

The IrO2-MnO2 anodic nano-coatings were prepared by the traditional thermal decomposition method on the different surfaces of Ti substrates pretreated by different etchants (HCl, H2SO4, C2H2O4 and HF). Surface morphologies and electrochemical performance of the Ti based IrO2-MnO2 anodic coatings were investigated by field emission scanning electron microscopy (FESEM), cyclic voltammetry (CV) and polarization techniques. Analysis showed that the denser IrO2 nano-particles with longer dimensions were obtained at the IrO2-MnO2 anodic coating surfaces on the Ti substrates etched by HF and …

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Unraveling The Mechanism Of Selective Ion Transport In Hydrophobic Subnanometer Channels, Hui Li, Joseph S. Francisco, Xiao Cheng Zeng Jan 2015

Unraveling The Mechanism Of Selective Ion Transport In Hydrophobic Subnanometer Channels, Hui Li, Joseph S. Francisco, Xiao Cheng Zeng

Xiao Cheng Zeng Publications

Recently reported synthetic organic nanopore (SONP) can mimic a key feature of natural ion channels, i.e., selective ion transport. However, the physical mechanism underlying the K+/Na+ selectivity for the SONPs is dramatically different from that of natural ion channels. To achieve a better understanding of the selective ion transport in hydrophobic subnanometer channels in general and SONPs in particular, we perform a series of ab initio molecular dynamics simulations to investigate the diffusivity of aqua Na+ and K+ ions in two prototype hydrophobic nanochannels: (i) an SONP with radius of 3.2 Å, and (ii) single-walled …

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Medium-Sized Au40(Sr)24 And Au52(Sr)32 Nanoclusters With Distinct Gold-Kernel Structures And Spectroscopic Features, Wen Wu Xu, Yadong Li, Yi Gao, Xiao Cheng Zeng Jan 2015

Medium-Sized Au40(Sr)24 And Au52(Sr)32 Nanoclusters With Distinct Gold-Kernel Structures And Spectroscopic Features, Wen Wu Xu, Yadong Li, Yi Gao, Xiao Cheng Zeng

Xiao Cheng Zeng Publications

We have analyzed the structures of two medium-sized thiolateprotected gold nanoparticles (RS-AuNPs) Au40(SR)24 and Au52(SR)32 and identified the distinct structural features in their Au kernels [Sci. Adv., 2015, 1, e1500425]. We find that both Au kernels of the Au40(SR)24 and Au52(SR)32 nanoclusters can be classified as interpenetrating cuboctahedra. Simulated X-ray diffraction patterns of the RS-AuNPs with the cuboctahedral kernel are collected and then compared with the X-ray diffraction patterns of the RS-AuNPs of two other prevailing Au-kernels identified from previous experiments, namely the Ino-decahedral kernel and icosahedral kernel. …

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Extremely Strong Tubular Stacking Of Aromatic Oligoamide Macrocycles, Mark A. Kline, Xiaoxi Wei, Ian J. Horner, Rui Liu, Shuang Chen, Si Chen, Ka Yi Yung, Kazuhiro Yamato, Zhonghou Cai, Frank V. Bright, Xiao Cheng Zeng, Bing Gong Jan 2015

Extremely Strong Tubular Stacking Of Aromatic Oligoamide Macrocycles, Mark A. Kline, Xiaoxi Wei, Ian J. Horner, Rui Liu, Shuang Chen, Si Chen, Ka Yi Yung, Kazuhiro Yamato, Zhonghou Cai, Frank V. Bright, Xiao Cheng Zeng, Bing Gong

Xiao Cheng Zeng Publications

As the third-generation rigid macrocycles evolved from progenitor 1, cyclic aromatic oligoamides 3, with a backbone of reduced constraint, exhibit extremely strong stacking with an astoundingly high affinity (estimated lower limit of Kdimer > 1013 M–1 in CHCl3), which leads to dispersed tubular stacks that undergo further assembly in solution. Computational study reveals a very large binding energy (–49.77 kcal mol–1) and indicates highly cooperative local dipole interactions that account for the observed strength and directionality for the stacking of 3. In the solid-state, X-ray diffraction (XRD) confirms that the aggregation of 3 results …

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On The Catalytic Activity Of Palladium Nanoparticles-Based Anodes Towards Formic Acid Electro-Oxidation: Effect Of Electrodeposition Potential, Islam M. Al-Akraa Dr., Ahmad M. Mohammad Prof, Mohamed S. El-Deab Prof, Bahgat E. El-Anadouli Prof Jan 2015

On The Catalytic Activity Of Palladium Nanoparticles-Based Anodes Towards Formic Acid Electro-Oxidation: Effect Of Electrodeposition Potential, Islam M. Al-Akraa Dr., Ahmad M. Mohammad Prof, Mohamed S. El-Deab Prof, Bahgat E. El-Anadouli Prof

Chemical Engineering

In this investigation, the catalytic activity of palladium nanoparticles (PdNPs)-modified glassy carbon (GC) (simply noted as PdNPs/GC) electrodes towards the formic acid electro-oxidation (FAO) was investigated. The deposition of PdNPs on the GC substrate was carried out by a potentiostatic technique at different potentials and the corresponding influence on the particles size and crystal structure of PdNPs as well as the catalytic activity towards FAO was studied. Scanning electron microscopy (SEM) demonstrated the deposition of PdNPs in spherical shapes and the average particle size of PdNPs deposited at a potential of 0 V vs. Ag/AgCl/KCl(sat.) was the smallest (ca. 8 …

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Advances In Direct Formic Acid Fuel Cells: Fabrication Of Efficient Ir/Pd Nanocatalysts For Formic Acid Electro-Oxidation, Islam M. Al-Akraa, Ahmad M. Mohammad, Mohamed S. El-Deab Prof, Bahgat E. El-Anadouli Prof Jan 2015

Advances In Direct Formic Acid Fuel Cells: Fabrication Of Efficient Ir/Pd Nanocatalysts For Formic Acid Electro-Oxidation, Islam M. Al-Akraa, Ahmad M. Mohammad, Mohamed S. El-Deab Prof, Bahgat E. El-Anadouli Prof

Chemical Engineering

No abstract provided.

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Electronic Structures And Electronic Spectra Of All-Boron Fullerene B40, Rongxing He, Xiao Cheng Zeng Jan 2015

Electronic Structures And Electronic Spectra Of All-Boron Fullerene B40, Rongxing He, Xiao Cheng Zeng

Xiao Cheng Zeng Publications

This study is motivated by the recent discovery of the first all-boron fullerene analogue, a B40 cluster with D2d point-group symmetry, dubbed borospherene (Nat. Chem., 2014, 6, 727). Insight into the electronic structures and spectral properties of B40 is timely and important to understand the borospherene and the transition from open-ended plate or ribbon-like structures to a hollow-cage structure at B40. Optimized geometries of borospherene B40 for both the ground state and the first excited state allow us to compute spectral properties including UV-vis absorption, infrared (IR) and Raman spectra. Highly resolved absorption and …

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Colloidal Synthesis And Optical Characterizations Of Semiconductor Nanocrystals From Nontoxic Elements, Minh Q. Ho Jan 2015

Colloidal Synthesis And Optical Characterizations Of Semiconductor Nanocrystals From Nontoxic Elements, Minh Q. Ho

Theses and Dissertations

To date, the search efforts have shifted from the toxic II-VI, III-V and IV-VI semiconductors to more environmentally friendly materials. Among Group II-V semiconductors, Zn3P2 has shown to be a more benign option, similar to Group IV (Ge, Si) materials, for future applications in photovoltaics and optoelectronics. This work is dedicated to the development of wet-chemical synthetic routes of (1) Zn3P2 and (2) Group IV (Ge, Si, Si1-xGex) nanocrystals with precise control over composition, crystal structure, size and dispersity by adjusting different reaction parameters such as temperature, time and solvent …

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Platinum Hollow Nanospheres With Different Sizes: Controllable Synthesis And Electrocatalytic Oxidation Toward Methanol, Xuan Lin, Mei-Qin Cheng, Zhong-Jin Shang, Ting Xiong, Xian-Tu Zhang, Wei Tian, Jian-Yun Lin, Qi-Ling Zhong, Bin Ren Dec 2014

Platinum Hollow Nanospheres With Different Sizes: Controllable Synthesis And Electrocatalytic Oxidation Toward Methanol, Xuan Lin, Mei-Qin Cheng, Zhong-Jin Shang, Ting Xiong, Xian-Tu Zhang, Wei Tian, Jian-Yun Lin, Qi-Ling Zhong, Bin Ren

Journal of Electrochemistry

The selenium (Se) templates and hollow platinum (Pthollow) nanospheres with different sizes were controllably synthesized by adjusting the concentration of sodium dodecyl sulphonate (SDSN) (CSDSN, μmol·L-1) which was used as a surfactant. Accordingly, the Pthollow nanospheres modified glassy carbon (GC) electrode (Pthollow/GC) was prepared. The morphology and composition of Pthollow nanospheres were characterized by scanning electron microscopy (SEM), transmission electron microscope (TEM), energy dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (EDX), high resolution transmission electron microscopy (HRTEM), selected area electron diffraction (SAED) and X-ray diffraction (XRD) techniques. The electrocatalytic activities of Pthollow/GC and electrodeposited Pt nanoparticles modified glassy carbon electrode (Ptnano/GC) toward methanol oxidation …

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Comparison In Factors Affecting Electrochemical Properties Of Thermal-Reduced Graphene Oxide For Supercapacitors, Peng Xiao, Da-Hui Wang, Jun-Wei Lang Dec 2014

Comparison In Factors Affecting Electrochemical Properties Of Thermal-Reduced Graphene Oxide For Supercapacitors, Peng Xiao, Da-Hui Wang, Jun-Wei Lang

Journal of Electrochemistry

In this paper, thermal-reduced graphene oxide (T-RGO) materials are synthesized by modified Hummer’s method, followed by thermal reduction under argon atmosphere at different temperatures. Electrochemical investigations show that, for T-RGO electrodes, good electrical conductivity is necessary and the surface functional groups play more significant role than the specific surface area in determining the electrochemical capacitance. The T-RGO obtained at 900 °C (T-RGO900) with a relatively high Brunauer-Emmett-Teller (BET) surface area (314 m2·g-1) and a high electrical conductivity (2421 S·m-1) shows a low specific capacitance of 56 F·g-1. In comparison, the T-RGO obtained …

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Nafion/Thionine/Platinum Nanowires-Modified Electrode For Electrocatalyzing Glucose, Yu-Ping Lin, You-Xiu Lin, Qian Zhou, Dian-Ping Tang Dec 2014

Nafion/Thionine/Platinum Nanowires-Modified Electrode For Electrocatalyzing Glucose, Yu-Ping Lin, You-Xiu Lin, Qian Zhou, Dian-Ping Tang

Journal of Electrochemistry

A new amperometric biosensor based on Nafion, thionine and latinum nanowires was developed for sensitive detection of glucose. Initially, positively charged thionine molecules were immobilized onto the surface of Nafion-modified glassy carbon electrode through the interaction between -SO3- and -NH3+, and glucose oxidase was then assembled on the modified electrode by using platinum nanowires as the cross-linkage. The preparation process was characterized by using cyclic voltammetry. Two enzymatic biosensors modified with and without platinum nanowires were used for the detection of glucose, and the improved analytical properties were obtained with platinum nanowires. Experimental results indicated …

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Kinetics And Mechanism Of Acidic Electroless Ni-P Plating, Zhi-Hui Xie, Gang Yu Dec 2014

Kinetics And Mechanism Of Acidic Electroless Ni-P Plating, Zhi-Hui Xie, Gang Yu

Journal of Electrochemistry

Electrochemical behaviors of electroless nickel (EN) plating in three systems, namely, cathodic, anodic and complete bath solutions were investigated by polarization methods. The curves in the complete baths were not entirely consistent with those expected from a combination of the anodic and cathodic polarization curves, which implies that the anodic and cathodic reactions of the EN plating are interdependent. The effects of concentration of nickel ions, hypophosphite and pH on the polarization parameter and deposition rate in a complete bath were also discussed and compared by performing electrochemical and gravimetrical measurements. Based on these variations in the deposition potential and …

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Synthesis Of Namnpo4 By Spraying Drying-High Temperature Sintering And Its Electrochemical Performance, Xiao-Chen Lin, Xiao-Biao Wu, Xu Hou, Yong Yang Dec 2014

Synthesis Of Namnpo4 By Spraying Drying-High Temperature Sintering And Its Electrochemical Performance, Xiao-Chen Lin, Xiao-Biao Wu, Xu Hou, Yong Yang

Journal of Electrochemistry

As a cathode material for sodium ion batteries, NaMnPO4/C nanocomposite is successfully synthesized by the combination of spraying drying and high temperature sintering methods. The crystal structure of the as-synthesized phosphate material is confirmed as the natrophilite NaMnPO4, which possesses orthorhombic symmetry and Pmnb space group. It is shown that the precursors are hollow spherical particles and the obtained product consists of micro-scaled secondary particles, which are composed of NaMnPO4 nanocrystallites (tens of nanometres) and amorphous carbon networks. The ionic and electronic conductivities of NaMnPO4 are both effectively enhanced with the help of this …

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