Medicinal-Pharmaceutical Chemistry Commons^™

Synthesis Of Novel Aromatic Quinols For Colon And Renal Cancers, Bradley J. Davey, Tae Soo Jo, Pradip K. Bhowmik

Undergraduate Research Opportunities Program (UROP)

Colon Cancer: The third most common cancer in USA. More than 1 million Americans currently living with colon cancer. 148,810 new cases expected in 2010. 50,000 deaths annually.

Renal Cancer: Approximately 58,000 people diagnosed in USA annually. Seventh most common cancer and tenth most common cause of cancer related death in men.

Aromatic quinols have demonstrated in vitro antitumor activity. Three heteroaromatic quinols show antitumor activity.

Synthesis Of Bis-Styrylbenzene Derivatives Via Wittig-Horner Reaction, Joseph K. Wray, Tae Soo Jo, Pradip K. Browmik

Undergraduate Research Opportunities Program (UROP)

Alzheimer’s Disease is now one of the most common diseases affecting the elderly population. Recently, bis-styrylbenzene derivatives have been shown to reduce the formation of Beta-amyloid plaques in the brain which are profoundly correlated with this disease. Finding new biologically active compounds which can reduce or prevent Alzheimer’s Disease has drawn much attention over the past few decades. Georg Wittig, Nobel Prize Winner in Chemistry, 1979.

Developing A Biosensor For The Detection Of Bacteria: A Comparison Of Methods For Isolating Bacteria-Specific Antibodies, Scott Allen Walper

Dissertations

The antigen-antibody interaction is known to be a high affinity and highly specific interaction that can readily be used for the detection and identification of biological and chemical agents. These studies were conducted to develop an efficient and cost-effective method of obtaining bacteria-specific antibody molecules for integration into a fielddeployable biosensor. Antigen-binding molecules were obtained both as full-length IgG molecules from a hybridoma cell line and as recombinant single-chain Fv (scFv) antibodies isolated from naïve and immunize libraries. Monoclonal and recombinant antibody systems were compared on the effectiveness of producing new, target-specific molecules; the efficiency of production and purification of …

Antimicrobial Activity Of D-Lenolate®, Andy Phui

UNLV Theses, Dissertations, Professional Papers, and Capstones

Olive trees are one of the most important fruit trees in the Mediterranean. Although not validated by research, olive leaves are traditionally believed to fight off fever and infections. It has been shown that olive leaf extracts possess antimicrobial activity. Olive leaf extracts contain polyphenols. One of the major phenolic compounds is oleuropein. Oleuropein and other polyphenols have been shown to exhibit antimicrobial activity. East Park Research (EPR) developed an extraction process that they claim does not alter the chemical composition of the olive leaves. The extract is known by the commercial name d-lenolate®. Studies have provided evidence that d-lenolate®, …

The Reaction Of A Water Soluble Platinum Compound With Methionine And Derivatives, Yueh Ying Liao

Masters Theses & Specialist Projects

Water soluble platinum complexes are a recent area of emphasis of cisplatin chemistry. The water soluble complexes could have a reduced toxicity compared with cisplatin. Oxaliplatin, which has an oxalate leaving group, has previously been shown to have less nephro-toxicity and higher water solubility than cisplatin. [Pt(en)(oxalate)] (en = ethylenediamine) has been prepared from Pt(en)Cl2 and silver oxalate. This complex has been reacted with methionine and N-acetylmethionine at different molar ratios. At high Pt: methionine ratios, chelates with the sulfur and nitrogen atoms of the methionine are dominant; at lower Pt: methionine ratios, a bis-methionine product is formed. The en …

Transition States In Ei Reactions, Charles A. Kingsbury

Department of Chemistry: Faculty Publications

The pyrolysis of amine oxides, sulfoxides, selenoxides, and esters to form alkenes is believed to be a concerted reaction with a cyclic transition state. Phosphine oxides, sulfones, and nitro compounds are unreactive. This study seeks to identify reasons for the lack of reactivity of the latter. Transition states were located for all substrates progressing from RHF/3-21G* to the MP2/6-31+G(d,p) level (in certain cases). For sulfones and nitro compounds, two possible reasons for lack of reactivity were considered: (1) Atoms approaching one another in the transition state may be considered to participate in a local n_O→σ*_{CH …}

Process For Preparation Of Conducting Polymers, Reuben D. Rieke

Department of Chemistry: Faculty Publications

Methods of preparing conducting polymers and the conductive polymers prepared therefrom are provided. The method includes a) combining a monomer-metal complex together with a manganese (II) halide to provide a monomer-manga nese complex, and b) combining the monomer-manganese complex together with a metal catalyst to provide the conductive polymer. Electronic devices can be made using the polymers prepared as described herein.

Characterization Of Phytochemicals Isolated From Plants Of The Pacific Northwest And Western United States For Combating Fungal Multidrug Resistance, John David Schreiber

Undergraduate Honors Theses

Fungal multidrug resistance is an emerging problem for those suffering from fungal infections, and for those seeking to discover or produce novel fungicidal drugs. Plants native to the Pacific Northwest as well as in the Olympic national rainforest were collected and screened for phytochemicals which exhibit direct antifungal activity toward Candida and Saccharomyces spp. as well as those that inhibit fungal ABC transporters that are, in large part, responsible for the development of multidrug resistance. Dalea formosa (Fabaceae), a plant native to the American Southwest, was also screened for phytochemicals of medicinal interest. The methanolic extract of aerial portions of …

Targeting Base Excision Repair Suggests A New Therapeutic Strategy Of Fludarabine For The Treatment Of Chronic Lymphocytic Leukemia, A. D. Bulgar, M. Snell, J. R. Donze, E. B. Kirkland, Lan Li, Shuming Yang, Yan Xu, S. L. Gerson, Lili Liu

Chemistry Faculty Publications

No abstract provided.

Solid Supported Synthesis Of Secondary Amines Via Staudinger And Microwave Aza-Wittig Reactions, Kyle Thomas Holsinger

Undergraduate Honors Thesis Collection

Amine bond formation is a major topic in organic chemistry and is widely applied to the formation of medicinal compounds. Current studies have analyzed the benefits of microwave irradiation and solid supported reagents in order to improve reaction conditions and both synthetic and environmental costs. In the synthesis of amines, we investigate the combined use of microwave irradiation and solid supported reagents in the aza-Wittig and reductive amination reaction.

Self-Assembled Heteroleptic Chiral Ligands, Asymmetric Catalyst Systems And Methods, James M. Takacs

Department of Chemistry: Faculty Publications

A method of synthesizing a heteroleptic, multiple metal containing metallocyclic catalyst, particularly Suited for asymmetric catalysis, comprising combining a plurality of plural functional group-containing, monodentate ligands of complementary chirality, said plural functional groups being tethered to each other by tethers in the presence of a scaffold structural metal Ms or derivative thereof, wherein at least one functional group on each ligand combines to ligate M to form a bidentate, M_s centered ligand scaffold containing the remaining functional groups and combining said bidentate ligand scaffold with a catalytic metal M_c or derivative thereof whereby the remaining functional groups combine …

Corrosion Of Steel Shipwreck In The Marine Environment: Uss Arizona—Part 1, Donald L. Johnson, Brent M. Wilson, James D. Carr, Matthew A. Russell, Larry E. Murphy, David L. Conlin

Department of Chemistry: Faculty Publications

The USS Arizona has remained submerged in Pearl Harbor, Hawaii, since the Japanese attack on December 7, 1941. The ship presents a potential hazard from fuel oil still present in the ship’s hull. As an important factor in management decisions, the effect of corrosion after nearly 65 years is being studied to determine the integrity of the ship’s structure. Coupon samples from the hull revealed decreasing corrosion rates from ~1 to 3 mpy (0.03 to 0.08 mm/y) from just below the water surface to the mudline. This is about one-third of that expected in the absence of biofouling or concretion. …

Improved Arene Fluorination Methodology For I(Iii) Salts, Bijia Wang, Linlin Qin, Kiel D. Neumann, Shriharsha Uppaluri, Ronald Cerny, Stephen G. Dimagno

Ronald Cerny Publications

The use of low polarity aromatic solvents (benzene or toluene) and/or the removal of inorganic salts results in dramatically improved yields of fluorinated arenes from diaryliodonium salts. This methodology is shown to “scale down” to the conditions used typically for radiotracer synthesis.

Corrosion Of Steel Shipwrecks In The Marine Environment: Uss Arizona—Part 2, Donald L. Johnson, Brent M. Wilson, James D. Carr, Matthew A. Russell, Larry E. Murphy, David L. Conlin

Department of Chemistry: Faculty Publications

This article is a continuation of Part 1 (October 2006 MP) on the USS Arizona hull. It discusses additional methods being investigated for use in determining corrosion rates with a minimal impact on the existing structure. Marine biofouling (concretion) has accumulated on the hull. Concretion samples have been studied using x-ray diffraction, environmental electron microscopy, and corrosion potential (E_corr) to characterize the relationship between concretion and the steel substrate. The data presented in this study confirm the viability of concretion analysis as a minimum-impact procedure to estimate the corrosion rate of mild steel in seawater.

Corrosion Of Civil War Era Sub Marine Explorer—Part 2, Donald L. Johnson, James D. Carr, Brent M. Wilson, Larry E. Murphy, James P. Delgado

Department of Chemistry: Faculty Publications

The Sub Marine Explorer was designed and built by Julius H. Kroehl, who was born in Prussia in 1820. After migrating to the United States in 1838 and becoming a citizen, he served in the Union Navy (United States Navy during the Civil War) as an underwater demolitions expert. He left the Navy in 1863 and began designing a “sub-marine” that would facilitate Union forces’ mine removal and obstruction clearance. At the end of the Civil War, he became an engineer for the Pacific Pearl Co., an organization interested in using the craft to recover pearls from deep sea oyster …

Corrosion Of Civil War Era Sub Marine Explorer—Part 1, Donald L. Johnson, James D. Carr, Brent M. Wilson, Larry E. Murphy, James P. Delgado

Department of Chemistry: Faculty Publications

The Sub Marine Explorer is one of five submersibles (submarines) constructed prior to 1870 that have survived either in museums or as in situ archaeological sites around the world. Since 1869, the wreck of Explorer has emerged at low tide on the beach of Isla San Telmo, Archipiélago de las Perlas, Panama, located ~75 km southwest of Panama City in the Bay of Panama. In 2001, James Delgado visited the site. Locals described the wreck as a World War II-era Japanese midget submarine. Delgado consulted with Richard Wills, an expert on American Civil War submarines, and confirmed that the well-preserved …

Method For Monitoring The Stereoselectivity And Relative Rate Of Organic Chemical Reactions, David R. Berkowitz, Sangeeta Dey, Kannan R. Karukurichi, Weijun Shen

Department of Chemistry: Faculty Publications

A method for monitoring the stereoselectivity of at least one organic chemical reaction and the relative rate of at least one organic chemical reaction, wherein the reaction produces a product that can exist as at least two stereoisomers, is provided herein. Also disclosed are methods for identifying and preparing catalysts for the above reactions.