Open Access. Powered by Scholars. Published by Universities.®

Medicinal-Pharmaceutical Chemistry Commons™

Open Access. Powered by Scholars. Published by Universities.®

Central Washington University

Articles 1 - 8 of 8

Full-Text Articles in Medicinal-Pharmaceutical Chemistry

Phytochemistry Of Dalea Candida Var. Oligophylla, Ryan E. Galperin Jan 2025

Phytochemistry Of Dalea Candida Var. Oligophylla, Ryan E. Galperin

All Master's Theses

The focus of this project was the plant Dalea candida and its phytochemistry. The plant compounds were isolated and purified by an array of chromatographic techniques. The structures of the pure compounds were determined by one-dimensional and two-dimensional 1H and 13C NMR spectroscopy, supported by infrared and ultraviolet spectroscopy, experimental and calculated circular dichroism spectroscopy, and mass spectrometry. Plant parts were worked on separately since they typically differ in content. Purified compounds will be tested for biological activities. Based on our results, eight new or known compound were isolated, specifically four new compounds and four known compounds. Compound …

Go to article

Stereocontrolled Access To Δ-Lactone-Fused-Γ-Lactams Bearing Angular Benzylic Quaternary Stereocenters, Timothy K. Beng, Morgan J. Rodriguez, Claire Borg Jun 2022

Stereocontrolled Access To Δ-Lactone-Fused-Γ-Lactams Bearing Angular Benzylic Quaternary Stereocenters, Timothy K. Beng, Morgan J. Rodriguez, Claire Borg

All Faculty Scholarship for the College of the Sciences

C-fused γ-lactam-lactones are resident in several bioactive molecules, including anticancer agents such as omuralide. In this embodiment, we report mild conditions for the catalytic halolactonization of lactam-tethered 5-aryl-4(E)-pentenoic acids. The use of dichloromethane as the solvent and Ph3PS as the catalyst led to predominant 6-endo-trig cyclization and furnished the trans-fused-γ-lactam-δ-lactones. The transformation is modular, regioselective, chemoselective, and diastereoselective. The γ-lactam-δ-lactones bear angular quaternary benzylic stereocenters, which is noteworthy since the presence of a quaternary carbon in bioactive small molecules often promotes an element of conformational restriction that imparts potency, selectivity, and metabolic stability. The …

Go to article

Determining The Effects Of Chemical Exposure On Hepatocyte Mitochondrial Networks And Cell Viability, Bethany Eaton Jan 2022

Determining The Effects Of Chemical Exposure On Hepatocyte Mitochondrial Networks And Cell Viability, Bethany Eaton

All Master's Theses

Mitochondria are cellular organelles that are becoming more recently studied. One of their main functions is the production of energy through cellular respiration, which is crucial to cell life. However, they are also associated with numerous disease states. It is hypothesized that reactive oxygen species (ROS), largely produced in mitochondria, induce oxidative stress and affect mitochondrial morphology along with cell viability. This study compares chemical exposure of menadione, an ROS producer, and phthalates (plasticizers) on two mouse hepatocyte cell lines to determine the effects they have on mitochondrial morphology and cell viability. Three experiments were performed to analyze the effects …

Go to article

Preliminary Isolation And Characterization Of Root Extract Components Of Dalea Jamesii, Hyojin Ahn Jan 2020

Preliminary Isolation And Characterization Of Root Extract Components Of Dalea Jamesii, Hyojin Ahn

Undergraduate Honors Theses

The plant genus Dalea (Fabaceae) has been found to be prolific in its production of phenolic secondary metabolites including flavonoids, isoflavonoids, chalcones, pterocarpans, stilbenes, and other biosynthetically related compounds. Biological testing has revealed wide-ranging activities for these metabolites in many prior reports. Dalea jamesii has not yet been investigated for its chemical content. This study will be conducted with the hypothesis that unique phenolic secondary metabolites will be produced in the roots of D. jamesii. It will be of interest to determine if the isolated metabolites exhibit biomedically related activities. It will also be of interest to investigate whether the …

Go to article

Characterization Of Phytochemicals Isolated From Plants Of The Pacific Northwest And Western United States For Combating Fungal Multidrug Resistance, John David Schreiber Jan 2010

Characterization Of Phytochemicals Isolated From Plants Of The Pacific Northwest And Western United States For Combating Fungal Multidrug Resistance, John David Schreiber

Undergraduate Honors Theses

Fungal multidrug resistance is an emerging problem for those suffering from fungal infections, and for those seeking to discover or produce novel fungicidal drugs. Plants native to the Pacific Northwest as well as in the Olympic national rainforest were collected and screened for phytochemicals which exhibit direct antifungal activity toward Candida and Saccharomyces spp. as well as those that inhibit fungal ABC transporters that are, in large part, responsible for the development of multidrug resistance. Dalea formosa (Fabaceae), a plant native to the American Southwest, was also screened for phytochemicals of medicinal interest. The methanolic extract of aerial portions of …

Go to article

Synthesis Towards Novel 1,3-Azaborine Heterocycles As Potential Dual-Mode Hiv-1 Protease Inhibitors, Amanda Blackmore Jan 2008

Synthesis Towards Novel 1,3-Azaborine Heterocycles As Potential Dual-Mode Hiv-1 Protease Inhibitors, Amanda Blackmore

Undergraduate Honors Theses

Drug discovery has resulted in many life-saving therapies, making a great impact on modem medicine and the human condition. Even though new therapies are available many drugs are highly susceptible to resistance development, have poor bioavailability, and some of them are toxic. HIV-I protease inhibitors presently on the market show high specificity but have low bioavailability and high toxicity. Furthermore, the available drugs have a very low affinity for mutant forms of HIV -1 protease. Recent studies have shown that boronated HIV-I protease inhibitors, which demonstrate both competitive and associative inhibition, have a higher affinity for HIV-I protease at lower …

Go to article

Synthesis Of 5,6 Dihydropyran-2-Ones As Potential Inhibitors Of Hiv-1 Protease, Jesse Lee Nye Jan 2008

Synthesis Of 5,6 Dihydropyran-2-Ones As Potential Inhibitors Of Hiv-1 Protease, Jesse Lee Nye

Undergraduate Honors Theses

HIV/ AIDS has affected about 40 million people. One type of drug that is used to treat HIV/AIDS is a protease inhibitor. HIV-I protease is an enzyme responsible for the release of mature HIV viral particles in the body. HIV-I protease eventually becomes resistant to the inhibitors that are used as drugs and new inhibitors are needed. This research builds on a previous research effort, in which structures for HIV -1 protease inhibitors were designed using molecular modeling methods, including neural networks. These inhibitors were designed to possess better inhibitory properties, and possibly have increased bioavailability and less toxicity than …

Go to article

Xanthine Oxidase Catalyzed Oxidation Of Acetaldehyde Substrate And Carboxylate Inhibition, Patrick A. Goodman Jan 1973

Xanthine Oxidase Catalyzed Oxidation Of Acetaldehyde Substrate And Carboxylate Inhibition, Patrick A. Goodman

All Master's Theses

In recent years, interest in an enzyme which catalyzes the oxidation of a variety of aldehydes and purines has been growing steadily. In fact, this enzyme commonly known as xanthine oxidase, has been implicated by some (1) in the regulation of nucleic acid synthesis and cellular growth - an important consideration in the study of caner. Unfortunately, detailed investigations directly pertaining to biological aspects of this enzyme have as yet been somewhat limited. Nevertheless, the amount of information concerning the nature of the enzyme and its catalytic effects upon different classes of substrates, through far from complete, is indeed significant.

Go to article