Analytical Chemistry Commons^™

Study Of The Effect Of Rare Earth Ions On Dna Using Cyclic Voltammetry And Spectroscopy, Hei-Bai Shen, Yu-Zhuan Kang, Hai-Feng Yang, Lin Yu, Zong-Rang Zhang

Journal of Electrochemistry

The interaction between rare earth ions(e.g. Eu³⁺ ,Ce³⁺, Er³⁺, Sm³⁺, Tb³⁺, La³⁺ and Nd³⁺) and DNA had been investigated by using Cyclic Voltammetry, Ultraviolet and Raman Spectroscopy. After the adding of Ce³⁺ ion to DNA solution, the cathodic peak current of Ce³⁺ ion reduction was found to decrease obviously, and the anodic peak current to decrease even more significantly. Differential UV spectra of Ce³⁺ ion depicted hyperchromic effect after the reaction of these two species and a new peak of 272 nm was found. Differential …

Direct Electro-Oxidation Synthesis Of D-Arabinose On Spectroscopic Graphite Electrode, Hei Wei, Huang Ying

Journal of Electrochemistry

D Arabinose synthesized by direct electro-oxidative decarboxylation of D gluconate on graphite electrode from aqueous solutions. The effects of D gluconate concentration, electrolysis potential, temperature and electrolyte composition on the current efficiency and product yield of electrosynthsis are discussed. The laboratory scale electrosynthesis was achieved with flow through cell. The optimum technology conditions for electrosynthesis were obtained with orthogonal design method. Both galvanostatic and potentionstatic conditions have been exploited, the later was found to be more effective.

Auger Resonance Decay Process In Ar 2p Shell Excitation And Ionization, Y. Lu, Wayne C. Stolte, J.A. R. Samson

Chemistry and Biochemistry Faculty Research

The production and subsequent autoionization of the Ar⁺ (¹D₂)6d¹ satellite state that is formed either by shake-up or recapture during the Auger decay of a 2p vacancy in Ar has been studied by photoelectron spectroscopy in the energy region from 243 to 256 eV. The creation of near zero energy electrons below and immediately above the Ar 2p ionization threshold is discussed. Some ambiguous points in previous studies are clarified.

Electrochemical Determination Of Trace Amouns Of Gold(Ⅲ)By Cathodic Sptripping Voltammetry Using A Carborn Paste Electroele Modified With Bacteria, Rong-Zong Hu, Hao Xu, Jin-Kun Fu, Wen-Yun Hu, Yan-Zhen Chen

Journal of Electrochemistry

An electrochemically pretreated carbon paste electrode modified with bacteria has been studied and used for determination of trace amounts of gold(Ⅲ). A detection limit of 1 ng/mL was obtained by applying cathodic stripping valtammetry. There is a linear relationship between the concentration and peak height in the range of 10～100 μg/mL. The ralative standard deviation of the response to 84.7 μg/mL Au(Ⅲ) is 3.43%.

In-Situ Raman Spectroscopic Study Of The Oxidation And Reduction Of Ag Electrode In Na2So4, Yan-Xia Chen, Kai-Qi Huang, Zhong-Qun Tian

Journal of Electrochemistry

In-situ Raman spectroscopy combined with cyclic voltammogram measurements was used to investigate formation of oxygen species at Ag electrode surfaces during the oxidation and reduction process in 0.1 mol/L Na₂SO₄ solution. The time dependent Raman spectra show that at potentials positive of 0.2 V, adsorption of oxygen atom occurs, while at the potentials positive of 0.4 V, some oxygen atoms migrate into subsurface of the Ag electrode and the other form strongly bound oxygen on the surface through chemical bond. At the same potentials, part of the silver atoms are oxidized and form Ag₂SO_{4 …}

Explosive Vapor Generation And Sampling In Conjunction With Ion Mobility Spectrometry, Saeed H. Almeer

Chemistry & Biochemistry Theses & Dissertations

The primary objective of this research is to develop an inexpensive and reliable method to generate vapor pulses of explosives using 2,4,6-trinitrotoluene TNTl for proof of concept. A secondary objective is to demonstrate the use of the vapor generator in various applications keeping in mind potential field scenarios involving explosives. A vapor generator/collector system was developed which gives reproducible pulses of TNT vapors at nanogram levels. The use of this technology was demonstrated in evaluating different surfaces for vapor adsorption of TNT in conjunction with ion mobility spectrometry as the primary analytical tool. Of the materials examined, Teflon was by …

Neutral Dissociation Of Hydrogen Following Photoexcitation Of Hcl At The Chlorine K Edge, D. L. Hansen, J. Cotter, G. R. Fisher, K. T. Leung, R. Martin, Paul Neill, Rupert C. Perera, I. A. Sellin, Marc Simon, Y. Uehara, B. Vanderford, S. B. Whitfield

Chemistry and Biochemistry Faculty Research

Time-of-flight mass spectroscopy was used to study the relaxation dynamics of HCl following photoexcitation in the vicinity of the Cl K edge (~2.8 keV) using monochromatic synchrotron radiation. At the lowest resonant excitation to the 6ơ* antibonding orbital, almost half of the excited molecules decay by emission of a neutral H atom, mostly in coincidence with a highly charged Cln1 ion. The present work demonstrates that neutral-atom emission can be a significant decay channel for excited states with very short lifetimes (1 fs). [S1050-2947(98)03604-X]

Double Photoionization Of Helium, James A.R. Samson, Wayne C. Stolte, Z. X. He, Y. Lu, J. N. Cutler, R. J. Bartlett

Chemistry and Biochemistry Faculty Research

The cross sections for double photoionization of helium and the ratios of double to single ionization have been measured from the double-ionization threshold to 820 eV. The results are in very good agreement with several recent calculations.

Spectroscopic Investigation Of Ion Transport Mechanisms In Polyacrylonitrile Based Electrolytes, Zhaoxiang Wang, Biying Huang, Rongjian Xue, Xuejie Huang, Liquan Chen

Journal of Electrochemistry

Raman, IR, X-ray photoelectron (XPS), and NMR spectra of components in polyacrylonitrile based electrolytes have been studied. It is found that there are strong interactions among the components though different systems show different interaction characteristics. A concept of competition is proposed between the polymer matrix and the plasticizer on associating with the Li⁺ ions. By analyzing the important functions of the plasticizer, a possible mechanism of the ions transport in the polymer electrolyte is suggested.

Investigation On The Ellipsometry For The Detection Of Nickel Through Anodic Stripping Voltammetry, Wei Zhu, Yu-Ru Yang, Zong-Qing Huang

Journal of Electrochemistry

The ellipsometry with a new parameter Vop and anodic stripping voltammetry are used to analyze the nickel ions solutions with different concentration of 10^-6～10^-9 mol/L. It is shown that the results given by both methods are identical and the sensitivity and accuracy of ellipsometry are higher than anodic stripping voltammety.

Method For The Synthesis Of Α-Oxranyl Amino Acids, David B. Berkowitz, Michelle L. Pedersen

Department of Chemistry: Faculty Publications

The present invention is related to a novel class of decar-boxylase enzyme inhibitors consisting of α-oxiranyl amino acids and derivatives thereof and a method of synthesizing Such compounds.

Pyrrolic Compounds, Michael J. Therien, Stephen Dimagno

Department of Chemistry: Faculty Publications

Novel methylpyrroles are provided, as well as processes for their preparation.

Environmental And Botanical Controls On Peatification - A Comparative Study Of Two New Zealand Restiad Bogs Using Py-Gc/Ms, Petrography And Fungal Analysis, Tomasz K. Kuder, Michael A. Kruge, J C. Shearer, S L. Miller

Department of Earth and Environmental Studies Faculty Scholarship and Creative Works

This study shows that chemical properties of two restiad species, Empodisma minus and Sporadanthus traversii, may contribute to their success as peat-formers in a climate of the North Island of New Zealand which is not conducive to raised mire development. Unlike Sphagnum, the equivalent northern hemisphere peat-former, restiads possess lignin in their tissues. In addition, the presence of non-lignin polyphenols (including tannins and phenolic acids) in restiads may be an important factor in peat formation due to the allelopathic decay retardation. Patterns of degradation of plant biopolymers have been examined and the pathway of degradation of monocotyledons (loss …

A Molecular Evaluation Of Contaminants And Natural Organic Matter In Surface Sediments From Western Lake Ontario, Michael A. Kruge, Prasanta K. Mukhopadhyay, C.F. Michael Lewis

Department of Earth and Environmental Studies Faculty Scholarship and Creative Works

Pyrolysis-gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (Py-GC/MS) analysis of bottom sediment from Lake Ontario was shown to be effective in assessing organic contaminants, especially attractive as it is a rapid technique requiring little sample preparation. Pyrolyzates of samples richer in organic matter (OM) were relatively enriched in aliphatic hydrocarbons and pyrrolic nitrogen compounds, while leaner samples were more aromatic and pyridinic. Alkylbenzene and alkylphenol distributions in the pyrolyzates were most compatible with derivation from aquatic (algal, bacterial) OM. The organonitrogen compounds indicated the presence of degraded proteinaceous material from aquatic sources and/or sewage. Normal and polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon distributions indicate, at least in …

Petrographic And Chemical Properties Of Carboniferous Resinite From The Herrin No. 6 Coal Seam, John C. Crelling, Michael A. Kruge

Department of Earth and Environmental Studies Faculty Scholarship and Creative Works

Resinite is a naturally occurring substance found in coal and derived from original plant resins. It is ubiquitous in North American coals and comprises 1 to 4% by volume of most Illinois coals. It has been commercially exploited in the western USA for use in adhesives, varnishes and thermal-setting inks. The major objectives of this study were: (1) to separate resinite macerals from the Herrin No. 6 coal seam and to carefully verify, by petrographic and fluorescence microspectrophotometric methods, that the separated material was indeed resinite; (2) to characterize the chemical composition of the separated resinite by Py–GC–MS techniques; and …

Reactions Of Modified Silica Gel Surfaces With Organometallic Compounds: Enhancing Olefin Polymerization Catalysts, Richard E. Diebel Iii

Masters Theses

Pretreated silica gels with distinct silica surfaces containing either isolated silanols, vicinal silanols, siloxanes, or some combinations of the three, were reacted with several organometallic compounds to determine how each compound reacted with the different silica surface species. The organometallic compounds used were trimethylaluminum, triethylaluminum, diethylaluminum chloride, ethylaluminum dichloride, methylaluminoxane, dibutylmagnesium, and bis-cyclopentadienyl dimethyl zirconium.

These reacted silica gels were analyzed using diffuse reflectance infrared Fourier transform spectroscopy and ICP-AES elemental analysis. CH/Metal ratios were calculated using specific peaks in the IR spectra to elucidate the surface bonded species. Elemental analysis was used to determine how much metal was bonded …

Metathesis-Based Synthesis Of Jasmonate And Homojasmonate Lactones, Candidates For Extracellular Quorum Sensing Molecules In Candida Albicans, Su C. Cho, Patrick Dussault, Amber D. Lisec, Ellen C. Jensen, Kenneth W. Nickerson

Department of Chemistry: Faculty Publications

Ring-closing metathesis of jasmonate esters is shown to provide a rapid entry to jasmonate lactones. The lactones were investigated as possible quorum sensing molecules for the fungi Candida albicans. Assays demonstrated no effect on fungal morphology at concentrations up to 96 mM.

Substituted Polythiophenes From Highly Reactive Zinc Reagents, Reuben D. Rieke

Department of Chemistry: Faculty Publications

A novel Zerovalent zinc species and an organozinc reagent are disclosed. The zerovalent zinc species is directly pro duced by reaction of a reducing agent on a zinc salt, preferably Zn(CN)₂. The organozinc reagent results from the reaction of the zerovalent zinc species and an organic compound having one or more stable anionic leaving groups. These organozinc reagents include a wide spectrum of functional groups in the organic radical, and are useful in a variety of reactions schemes.

Cross-Coupling Of Organic Compounds Using Cuprous Odide, Reuben D. Rieke

Department of Chemistry: Faculty Publications

Cross-coupling or addition reactions of organic compounds, including acid halides, allylic halides, and C.B-unsaturated carbonyl containing compounds, with organozinc com pounds may be readily and Safely carried out in the presence of cuprous iodide. The use of this catalyst in the coupling reaction provides for the preparation of commercially useful products in the pharmaceutical, agrochemical and other industries.