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Articles 31 - 41 of 41
Full-Text Articles in Analytical Chemistry
Fabrication And Optical Properties Of Noble Metal Nanostructures, Mark Kinnan
Fabrication And Optical Properties Of Noble Metal Nanostructures, Mark Kinnan
All Dissertations
Experimental and theoretical results are presented in Chapters 2, 3, and 4 on the effects of dielectric medium, particle size, and interparticle distance, respectively, on plasmon coupling in two-dimensional arrays of silver nanoparticles. The arrays were fabricated via the self-assembly of single crystal particles from c.a. 46 nm to 287 nm on PVP-modified glass substrates. Spin-coated poly(methylmethacrylate) layers were used to immobilize the particles and prevent their surface aggregation. Varying the thickness of the PMMA layer made it possible to change the average dielectric medium between the particles. UV-Visible spectra of different arrays were compared to the corresponding electron microscope …
Synthesis, Characterization, And Application Of Ag Nanostructures, Stephen Hudson
Synthesis, Characterization, And Application Of Ag Nanostructures, Stephen Hudson
All Dissertations
Noble metal nanoparticles (NPs) have been used for many centuries; however their properties were not truly scrutinized until Michael Farady's investigations in the 1850's. Advances in the field of nanotechnology over the last three decades have enabled insights into the properties of materials as their dimensions are reduced to the nanoscale. The repercussions of these insights are seen in many modern applications.
In this dissertation, properties of novel nanostructures based on Ag NPs are presented and discussed. The exceptional optical properties of Ag NPs stem from the collective oscillations of the conduction electrons known as plasmon resonances. The excitation of …
Preparation And Characterization Of Macroporous Electrodes For Electrochemical Bioassays, Ashwin Rao
Preparation And Characterization Of Macroporous Electrodes For Electrochemical Bioassays, Ashwin Rao
All Dissertations
Applications such as point-of-care medical diagnosis and in-the-field biological warfare agent detection require portable bioassays which are less laborious yet cost effective. Conventional sandwich bioassays see limited use for such applications as it involves time consuming steps of reagent treatment and washings, and are restricted to use inside laboratories. We explore new platforms for sandwich bioassays required by such applications. The platform we have developed is based on electrochemical methods of detection. Flow-through three-dimensional electrodes suitable for use in electrochemical sandwich bioassays were fabricated. A composite of superporous agarose and reticulated vitreous carbon (SPA-RVC) material was used for the fabrication …
Synthesis And Electrochemical Studies In Microstructured Media, Jamie Norton
Synthesis And Electrochemical Studies In Microstructured Media, Jamie Norton
All Dissertations
In-situ electrochemical methods involving both oxidative and reductive mediators were employed to modify the oxidation state (doping level) of PEDOT polymers in colloidal PEDOT-coated silica core-shell particles that were prepared as a dispersion encapsulated in a hydrogel matrix. The modifications of the redox states of the PEDOT coating induced a change in the absorbance characteristics. A mediated electron transfer system was employed to ferry charge from the electrodes of the cell to the isolated particles. The mediator diffuses between the electrode surface and the PEDOT-coated particles to accomplish (de)doping. The developed system was a fully self-contained and electrically driven device. …
Development Of Fullerene Based Sturctures For Photovoltaic And Electronic Applications, Amit Palkar
Development Of Fullerene Based Sturctures For Photovoltaic And Electronic Applications, Amit Palkar
All Dissertations
Solar energy can be envisioned as a long term alternative to rapidly depleting fossil fuels. The energy from the sun can be harnessed by constructing donor-acceptor (D-A) type devices where the incident photon induces the transfer of an electron from the donor to the acceptor. If recombination is prevented, this electron can then be channeled through an external circuit, thus leading to the generation of photocurrent. Porphyrins, which are the naturally occurring pigments in photosynthesis, have been widely established as donors while fullerenes, such as C60 and C70 , due to their unique electron accepting properties, have been …
Lithium-Conducting Ionic Melt Electrolytes From Oligomeric Ethylene Glycols: Synthesis And Characterization, Boutros Hallac
Lithium-Conducting Ionic Melt Electrolytes From Oligomeric Ethylene Glycols: Synthesis And Characterization, Boutros Hallac
All Dissertations
Commercial lithium ion cells consist of electrolytes that undergo salt concentration polarization which is acute upon high discharge currents. This type of polarization occurs as a result of the mobility of more than one ionic species in the presence of an electric field. One way to overcome it is by employing a material that would allow the mobility of one ionic species. This thesis will describe the synthesis and characterization of several fluorosulfonimide and fluorosulfonate based ionic liquids/melts as electrolytes having lithium as the only mobile ion. These materials were prepared by the nucleophilic addition reaction of a deprotonated polyether …
Thermodynaimic Study Of Nucleic Acids Recognition By Aminoglycosides , Hongjuan Xi
Thermodynaimic Study Of Nucleic Acids Recognition By Aminoglycosides , Hongjuan Xi
All Dissertations
ABSTRACT
Since the origin of first aminoglycosides antibiotics, streptomycin, isolated by Selman Waksman about 60 years ago, a number of aminoglycosides antibiotics were discovered to treat different infections. Neomycin class aminoglycosides were found to originally target the A site 16S rRNA in the 30S subunit of the ribosome within the Gram-negative bacteria. In addition to its antibacterial effect, aminoglycosides were also found to binding to various other viral RNA structures such as TAR and RRE of HIV, Group I introns and hammerhead ribozyme, implying its potential to be used as antiviral reagent.
Furthermore, previous studies in our laboratory discovered a …
The Glow Discharge - A Multifaceted Optical Emission Source: From Solids Analysis To Metalloproteins, Timothy Brewer
The Glow Discharge - A Multifaceted Optical Emission Source: From Solids Analysis To Metalloproteins, Timothy Brewer
All Dissertations
Glow discharges (GD) are well known for their application to direct solids elemental analysis of metals and alloys by optical emission spectroscopy (GD-OES). The most successful application of GD-OES has been the analysis of solid materials since the GD provides rapid, direct bulk and depth profiling analysis of solids, metals, powders, polymers, glasses and ceramics. However, solids analysis has typically suffered from the lack of true analytical blanks and the inability to study particulate solids in their native state. An approach for the analysis of solid powdered material entrapped in a sol-gel matrix by radio frequency glow discharge optical emission …
Analysis Of Nutraceuticals For Toxic Metals: Development And Validation Of Sample Preparation Method, Julia Cooper
Analysis Of Nutraceuticals For Toxic Metals: Development And Validation Of Sample Preparation Method, Julia Cooper
All Theses
With increasing numbers of health-conscious consumers purchasing nutraceutical supplements, total sales in the nutrition industry have soared to over $200 billion in 2006. It is important to assess the safety of these nutraceutical products, with specific regards to toxic metals, including arsenic, cadmium, lead, and mercury. Because species of these metals may be more toxic than others, they can have hazardous health effects if ingested in excess quantities. The work described in this thesis focuses on the development of a sample preparation method for nutraceutical products, specifically ethanolic tinctures and glycerin-based matrices, and analysis of these products by inductively coupled …
Incorporation Of Capillary-Channeled Polymer (C-Cp) Fibers Into Micropipette Tips For Solid Phase Extraction With Applications In Bioanalysis, Donald Fornea
All Theses
Solid phase extraction (SPE), is a widely used sample preparation method that is currently experiencing a surge in research interest, clever architecture/format development, and stationary phase characterization.1-3 SPE devices commonly exist in syringe, cartridge, disk, and micropipette tip formats.4 Micropipette tip SPE has enhanced the determination of proteins by electrospray ionization (ESI) and matrix assisted laser desorption ionization (MALDI) mass spectrometry (MS) by handling micro-liter volumes of sample and buffer removal/solvent exchange.5-7 Buffers have deleterious effects on ionization taking place in MS sources due to preferential ionization, ion suppression effects, and the formation of adduct species competing for ionization in …
Characterization Of Capillary-Channeled Polymer Fibers As Stationary Phases For High-Performance Liquid Chromatography Of Macromolecules, Dwella Nelson
All Dissertations
Capillary-channeled polymer (C-CP) fibers are being developed and characterized as high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) stationary phases for reversed-phase separations of proteins. Conventional porous phases are not well suited for separating large macromolecules due to the slow diffusivity of the molecules, large diffusional distances, and stagnant mobile phase zones within the column. Stationary phases are continually being developed to address the challenges associated with HPLC of proteins and other macromolecules in general. C-CP fiber stationary phases are an alternative to conventional bead technology and offer a variety of chemical and physical advantages. The fibers can be selected for their chemical functionality …