Chemistry Commons^™

Radioactive Carbon Labeled Molecules: A Method Of Synthesis, Glen E. Benedict

Masters Theses

"Use of isotopic carbon in determining organic reaction mechanisms is becoming more popular daily. The reasons for this trend are, the increasing availability of intermediate compounds, the increase in isotope handling knowledge, and mechanisms defined by well ordered tracer reactions are considered infallible.

The mechanism of reaction of halo-epoxides has been a point of conjecture for some time"--Introduction, page 1.

The Determination Of The Solubility Of Hafnium Oxide In Aqueous Solution By The Radioactive Tracer Technique, Hampden O. Banks

Masters Theses

"To date, there is no information in the open literature concerning the solubility of hafnium oxide in water other than the fact that it is very insoluble. This lack of experimental information is due, partly, to the fact that hafnium is a relatively new addition to the list of known elements"--Introduction, page 1.

Ammonium And Alkylammonium Salts Of Carboxylic Acids As Characterizing Derivatives, Hal Gilbert Lankford

Masters Theses

"One of the methods widely used to establish the identity and purity of an organic compound is to prepare various derivatives, the properties of which have been reported in the literature. The object of this investigation was to prepare ammonium and alkylammonium salts of carboxylic acid and determine their utility as characterization derivatives. Should these salts meet the requirements of a satisfactory derivative, they would be particularly valuable from a standpoint time, since they are generally very quickly formed"--Introduction, page 1.

The Determination Of The Surface Tension Of Benzyl Ether, Sze-Kwei Min

Masters Theses

"The accurate determination of surface tension is of importance in the investigation of theories of surface structure, the structure of liquids, molecular cohesion, in the study of colloids, especially in physiological work, and in various lines of technical chemistry. The two methods most commonly used for determining surface tension are the capillary rise method and the drop weight method. The theory of the former is simple, but its technique is difficult. Its use in some cases is the cause of errors as high as 30%, due to its inapplicability to certain classes of substance, and is much more sensitive to …

Reduction Of Beryllium Compounds With Magnesium, Pei Wang

Masters Theses

"The purpose of this research was to investigate the thermal reduction of beryllium compounds and to devise a method to estimate the metallic beryllium content in the final product"--Introduction, page 1.

The Separation Of The Rare Earths Neodymium And Praseodymium By Precipitation As Chloride, Stanley Milton Kulifay

Masters Theses

"The purpose of this thesis is to provide a means of preparing highly purified samples of neodymium and praseodymium compounds when the material to be refined already exists in a state of approximate purity. The method described cannot be profitably used to purify the individual rare earths without first concentrating them. The process is not intended to be quantitative, for it is a fractional crystallization technique using a concentrated hydrochloric acid medium"--Introduction, page 1.

An Investigation Of The Colorimetric Methods For The Determination Of Fluorine By The Zirconium Alizarin Sulfonate Method, William Lewis Break

Masters Theses

"There has been a need for a rapid and an accurate method for the determination of fluorine in its compounds. Both gravimetric and volumetric methods have been studied, but both methods were time consuming or inaccurate or both. Colorimetric methods had been studied before F. Richter developed his method but none had been reported to be as satisfactory as his method. This method was investigated because it was thought that F. Richter's method would be a satisfactory colorimetric determination for fluorine in its compounds"--Introduction, page 1.

A Study Of The Electrolytic Reduction Of Pyrrole, Don Richard Strehlau

Masters Theses

"A review of the chemical literature has shown that electro-organic methods compare favorably with purely chemical methods for certain syntheses belonging to the following general classes of reactions: coupling, oxidation, reactions with halogens, and reductions. Electro-organic methods have been used most successfully in synthesis by reduction. The chief advantage is using electrolytic reduction in preference to a chemical one is that it offers a more exact control of conditions, and consequently should give a higher yield and a purer product. The advantages of the means of reduction suggested an investigation of its use in the synthesis of hydrogenated products of …

Studies On The Quantitative Analysis Of Rhenium And Its Occurrence In The Products Of Molybdenite Processing, Walter Keith Dean

Masters Theses

"There is at the present time no commercially developed source of the metal rhenium in the United States. Since this metal is known to exist in molybdenite, it was felt that a study of the products of the metallurgical processing of this mineral might reveal a source of rhenium that could e developed. The Climax Molybdenum Co. provided a number of samples from their smelter at Langloth, Pennsylvania. Although an improved method for the quantitative estimation of rhenium was recently published, its accuracy was not high and the procedure exacting and time-consuming. These combined factors led to the selection of …

Consumption And Uses Of Crude Barite And Its Derivatives, Peter Simonds

Masters Theses

"Barite is a widely distributed mineral composed of barium sulphate - BaSO₄. Its most striking feature is its weight - its specific gravity of 4.5 being about twice that of salt and many other of the colorless, transparent and vitreous minerals of its general appearance. The Mineral is usually found in a state of considerable chemical purity. However, small amounts of strontium and calcium sulphates may isomorphously replace the barium salt. Crystals of barytes are orthorhombic; usually very perfectly developed and have a wide variety of forms. The simplest crystals are rhomb-shaped tables bounded by two faces of a basal …

Electrolytic Reduction Of Galena In Fused Salt, Peter Simonds

Masters Theses

"A demand has long existed for a method of directly recovering elemental Sulphur, in addition to the Lead, from Galena ore. At the present time, the sulphur of this ore is dissipated in the lead blast furnace as sulphur dioxide fumes. While the fumes are trapped to avoid damage to the vegetation of the surrounding countryside, their concentration is usually too low to make sulphuric acid as a profitable by-product. Thus, contrary to some speculation, the sulphuric acid produces under the circumstances is usually not a true by-product in the money-making sense of the term in many cases, but a …

The Volumetric Determination Of Alumina In Clays And Related Materials, David Ferdinand Boltz

Masters Theses

"The primary purpose of this thesis was to develop a direct method for the determination of alumina in certain silicates. The classical gravimetric procedure for the analysis of alumina in clays and related materials has often been regarded as being too lengthy and troublesome, especially when only the percentage of alumina was desired. The correct determination of alumina is undoubtedly one of the most unsatisfactory of the chemical constituents of siliceous materials, and therefore the development of a direct volumetric method for the determination of this constituent was made the main objective of this research, page [1].

The Reactions Of Acid Halides With Sodium, Magnesium, Zinc And Amalgams, William H. Webb

Masters Theses

"The reactions of acid halides with metals are of interest because there seems to be a possibility of abstracting the halogens from two molecules of the halide, and thereby bringing about a coupling reaction; or the formation of an intermediate organo-metallic compound which would react with another molecule of the acid halide. The result of these reactions should be the formation of diacetyl and acetyl chloride and of dibenzoyl or benzil from benzoyl chloride. This procedure would be far better than the usual procedures for the preparation of these compounds...The results reported in the literature by different workers, on the …

The Catalytic Vapor-Phase Hydrolysis Of Benzene And Toluene, Clemens Raebel Maise

Masters Theses

"The vapor-phase synthesis of organic compounds represents a new field of study which has attracted the attention of investigators only within recent years. However, wide interest is apparent in this field and several processes of commercial importance have already been developed. Hydrolysis is perhaps the newest of all the types of vapor-phase synthesis; the literature consists of little more than a few patents...The vapor-phase hydrolysis of benzene and toluene, therefore, presented an interesting possibility. These two hydrocarbons are considered very stable toward water in the liquid-phase. The purpose of this investigation was to determine to what extent their stability toward …

A Study Of Methods For The Recovery Of Silver, Bromine, Iodine, And Sodium Thiosulfate From Used Photographic Fixing Baths, Leroy Agustave Bay

Masters Theses

"Sodium thiosulfate was one of the pioneer reagents used in photography, and is still the most important reagent used in photographic fixing. The solubility of the silver halides in an excess of sodium thiosulfate makes it important as a reagent for removing the undeveloped silver halides from the film. The life of a fixing bath is controlled by the halogen content. As the ratio of halogens to sodium thiosulfate is increased, the time required for fixing is also increased until the ratio reaches such a point that fogging of the film results. Most of the solutions are discarded long before …

The Preparation And Specific Gravity Of Pure Formic Acid And Its Aqueous Solutions, Leo Henry Merchie

Masters Theses

"Formic acid, the lowest member of the fatty acid series, was obtained as early as the seventeenth century by distilling ants with water. Other methods were later found after the correct constitution of the acid became known. This acid is not difficult to prepare in a water solution, but it is difficult to obtain in the anhydrous state...The purpose of this work is to study the various methods of preparing anhydrous formic acid, to improve a method for preparing the anhydrous acid, and to correct specific gravity tables for aqueous solutions of formic acid"--Introduction, page 1-2.

Steric Hindrance In The Ketonic Splitting Of Substituted Acetoacetic Ester, Claude Stanley Abshier

Masters Theses

"The phenomenon of steric hindrance has been observed and investigated in a variety of reactions, most of which have been with aromatic compounds. In this branch of study the speeds of reaction of ethyl acetoacetate, α-mono-methyl-ethyl-acetoacetate, α-mono-ethyl-ethyl-acetoacetate, α-mono-propyl-ethyl-acetoacetate in the presence of 0.05 and 0.10 normal hydrochloric acids have been investigated at temperatures between 60⁰C. and 90⁰C. An attempt has been made to explain the results obtained"--Introduction, page 1.

A Study Of Methods For Separating The Elements That Interfere In The Electrolytic Deposition Of Lead As Lead Oxide, John Shaw Sabine

Masters Theses

"The electrolytic determination of lead as lead dioxide is a very desirable method, due to its simplicity, accuracy, and the small amount of the analyst's time required. The electrolytic method functions when both large and small amounts of lead are present. The method depends upon the fact that from a nitric acid solution the lead is plated upon the anode as lead dioxide; from the lead dioxide deposit the percentage of lead may be calculated.

An electrolytic method, for determining the lead in samples containing from 5 to 150 mg. of lead, was described in a paper by Schrenk and …

Factors Affecting The Electrolytic Deposition Of Small Amounts Of Lead As Lead Dioxide And The Composition Of The Deposit, Thomas Gordon Day

Masters Theses

"The purpose of this investigation is to determine the best conditions for the quantitative deposition of lead when the content of this element is below 5 milligrams and to study the composition of the deposited PbO₂. The following conditions were studied during the course of the investigation. 1. The maximum amounts of copper and zinc permissible for the quantitative determination of lead. 2. Methods of separating lead from zinc when the latter element is present in amounts greater than are permitted in the determination of the lead. 3. The separation of lead from copper when this element is in greater …

The Preparation Of Certain Inorganic And Organic Compounds Which May Be Of Use In Mineralogical Separations, Clarence Jay Black

Masters Theses

"In the work with minerals, there has been many mechanical means devised whereby the ores could be separated from the gangue and other material. Among those means which are used to-day, especially in the laboratory tests upon minerals, to quickly determine the value of an ore, heavy liquids have become quite popular. This means of mechanical separation is merely to place finely ground ore containing particles of varying density into a liquid of heavier density than the greater portion of the mineral, which will allow the heavier portions to sink and the lighter to float, which is usually gangue. This …

The Solubility Of Solid Paraffin In The Lower Molecular Weight Hydrocarbons, Paul Weber

Masters Theses

"In the process of oil refining, a certain fraction of distillate from the crude oil composes the so-called wax distillate fraction from which is obtained the various lubricating oils. But the presence of the waxes and solid paraffins in these oils is very undesirable as they possess no lubricating qualities. Consequently, they must be removed from this wax distillate before the oil can be marketed"--Introduction, page 1.

The Disintegration Of Refractory Brick By Carbon Monoxide, Wilbur J. Darby

Masters Theses

"In experimental work carried on at East St. Louis, Illinois in 1916 and 1917, with a furnace of commercial size for the electrothermic dry distillation of zinc ores, a difficulty that developed was the destruction of the firebrick lining in certain parts of the large condenser. The condenser was satisfactory in other ways, yielding a large proportion of the zinc as liquid metal, with no blue powder; but in order to obtain a proper length of service from the condenser it became necessary to find and overcome the cause of the disintegration of the lining ... it will be evident …

Glucose From Corn Cobs, Barney Nudelman

Masters Theses

"The efforts of American chemists in recent years have been devoted largely to the utilization of our waste products...Corn cobs offer a particularly inviting field for research along this line on account of the large supply of cobs available and the variety of substances obtainable from them. One of the leaders in this branch of investigation is Dr. F. B. LaForge of the Chemistry Division of the Bureau of Agriculture, who has contributed numerous papers on the subject. In one of these, in collaboration with C. S. Hudson, he describes, among other things, the preparation of glucose, but recognizes the …

Methyl Amines From Carbinol And Ammonium Chloride, Arthur Mark Howald

Masters Theses

"During the spring of 1919 we undertook to prepare tri-methyl-amine for the Research Department of the Eastman Kodak Company in the Industrial Chemistry Laboratory of the Missouri School of Minds. According to V. Merz and K. Gasiorowski the three methyl amines were qualitatively proven to be present in the reaction products obtained by heating methyl alcohol, ammonia and zinc chloride to 220°C. in a bomb for fourteen hours. As these raw materials are inexpensive we attempted to prepare the tri-methyl-amine by this reaction employing for the purpose a small industrial autoclave. Methyl amines were obtained by the yield especially of …

The Determination Of Aluminium, Victor Hugo Gottschalk

Masters Theses

No abstract provided.