Chemistry Commons^™

Theoretical Study On The Mechanism Of Removing Nitrogen Oxides Using Isocyanic Acid., Taraneh Nowroozi-Isfahani

Electronic Theses and Dissertations

The mechanism of RAPRENO_x reactions - RAPid REduction of Nitrogen Oxides using Isocyanic acid - proposed by Robert A. Perry¹ in an attempt to help control the emission of nitrogen oxides pollutant into the atmosphere, has been re-investigated theoretically. The study of reaction mechanisms was carried out using Chemist software². All mathematically possible elementary steps have been evaluated and the chemically reasonable ones have been considered to propose new sets of reaction mechanisms. Density Functional Theory (B3LYP/6-31 G**) calculations using Gaussian 98³ were made in order to study the relative energies of all species and …

A Characterization Of Extractable, Hydroxylated Fatty Acid Bearing Components In Legionella Pneumophila, Jonathan R. Lane

Electronic Theses and Dissertations

Extraction of the lipids of Legionella pneumophila yields phases unlike those produced from other Gram-negative bacteria. A viscous interface forms between the aqueous (wash) and organic phases. More than half of the hydroxylated fatty acids were found distributed between the aqueous phase and the interfacial material, fractions in which such constituents have not been reported in other Gram-negative species. It was further observed that after the material from the aqueous/interfacial phase was dissolved in methanol or chloroform/methanol (2:1 (V/V)), the addition of acetone would create a white, flocculent precipitate. Analyses showed that the supernatant contained fatty acids that were nonhydroxylated …

Concomitant Ordering In First Row Transition Metal Fluorides, Ajay Shah

Electronic Theses and Dissertations

Type of Compounds Investigated

First row transition metal fluorides with a general formula, A_xM²⁺_xM’³⁺_1-xF₃, where A = alkali metal ion, M,M' = First row transition metal ions, and x = 0 - 1 ate reported to form, ReO₃, perovskite, GdFeO₃, tetragonal tungsten bronze (TTB), hexagonal tungsten bronze (HTB), and, modified pyrochlore type structures. Compounds of the type LiM^IIM^IIIF₆ have been reported to form rutile and trirutile type structures. These compounds display ionic, electronic, and magnetic ordering.

Formation of TTB Structure and …

The Phosphacylium Ion: Evidence For Its Existence As An Intermediate In Reactions Of Organophosphates, Thomas D. Matus

Electronic Theses and Dissertations

Prior to this work, no strong evidence existed which unequivocably proved the existence of phosphacylium ions as intermediates in reactions of this type. It is the object of this study to look into nucleophilic substitution at phosphorus, and the intermediates of these possible dissociative type reactions.

Specificity Of Antisera Against Hordeum Vulgare Ribonuclease And Serological Quantitation Of The Enzyme In Tissue Extracts, Steven Bryan Hawthorne

Electronic Theses and Dissertations

Specific rabbit antisera against purified seedling RNase I from both a hardy (Dicktoo) and less-hardy (Tennessee Winter) cultivar of winter barley was obtained using a 1 mg injection schedule. Both antisera formed a single precipitin band on double immunodiffusion and immunoelectrophoresis when reacted with the homologous crude tissue extract. RNase antigen from either cultivar was highly cross-reactive with both antisera. Passive hemagglutination inhibition was used in an attempt to distinguish purified RNase from both cultivars. A consistent difference in anti-RNase serum specificity between cultivars was shown, but the difference observed by this method was not sufficient to conclude structural differences …

Nucleophilic Substitution At Phosphorus In Six-Membered Ring Phosphate Esters, Mike Bauman

Electronic Theses and Dissertations

From these results the following conclusions may be drawn: 1. The stereochemistry of nucleophilic substitution at phosphorus is influenced by the basicity of the leaving group with the more basic leaving group favoring retention. 2. Lithium ion diverts the reaction to retention by forming an intimate ion-pair with the nucleophile which then attacks phosphorus. This associated ion is less reactive than the unassociated nucleophile. 3. For the retention mechanism the leaving group participates in the rate determining step. 4. The mechanism for retention entails a more sterically unfavorable configuration than for inversion.

Studies On The Gas Given Off By Yeast When It Goes From An Anaerobic To Aerobic Metabolism, David C. Potts

Electronic Theses and Dissertations

Several investigators have observed that when yeast cells (yeast) go from a strictly anaerobic environment to an aerobic oner and glucose is added a negative value is recorded on the manometer. This phenomenon indicates that a gas has been given off by the yeast. The purpose of this research was to identify the gas and determine how it arises.

Molybdenum(V) Solutions In Hydrobromic Acid, Edwin Charles Perley

Electronic Theses and Dissertations

Interest in the coordination chemistry of molybdenum has increased greatly in recent years because of the discovery that molybdenum plays an active role in several redox enzymes. Model systems have been devised to gain insight into the function of molybdenum in these enzymes. Most model systems are believed to contain an oxomolybdate(V) dimer in equilibrium with a redox active monomer or dimer. A relatively simple system that shows important similarities to model systems is a molybdenum(V) solution in hydrobromic or hydrochloric acid. As in the model systems, these solutions are believed to contain monomers and dimers in equilibrium. The equilibria …

Tetrazoline Chemistry, Norman Wallace Rokke

Electronic Theses and Dissertations

It was of interest to investigate the chemistry of some tetrazolines since they might be sources of heteroatomic analogues of trimethylenemethane. In addition, they might provide alternate means of synthesis of small ring compounds such as diaziridinones and diaziridineimines. New compounds which were prepared are 1-(2,6-dimethylphenyl)­ tetrazoline-5-one, 1-(2,6-dimethylphenyl)-4-methyltetrazoline-5-one, l-phenyl-4-methyl-5-iminotetrazoline, l-phenyl-4-methyl-5- methyliminotetrazoline, and l-phenyl-4-methyl-5-methyliminotetrazoline methiodide. The mass spectra of the tetrazolines investigated are characterized by ring fragmentations which are helpful in determining their structure. In addition, fragmentation represents one of the few examples of a retro-1,3-dipolar cycloaddition reaction initiated by electron impact. The monosubstituted tetrazolines are thermally unstable. The course of …

Interactions Of Rhenium(V) Chloride And Oxotrichlorobis(Triphenlyphosphine)Rhenium(V) With Selected Solvents, Paul Luther Holm

Electronic Theses and Dissertations

The purpose of this study was to examine the solution interactions of rhenium(V) chloride and oxotrichlorobis(triphenylphosphine)rhenium(V) in a continuation of studies of rhenium(V) chemistry. These goals were accomplished using vacuum line and Schlenk tube techniques. As a result of this work, rhenium(V) chloride was found to dissolve with reaction in 1, 4-dioxane, diethyl ether and acetone. There was only a very small amount of rhenium(V) chloride which dissolved in carbon tetrachloride, chloroform and cyclohexane. Part of what did dissolve was shown by electronic and infrared spectroscopy to be oxotetrachlororhenium(VI) which was present as an impurity in small amounts. Oxotetrachlororhenium(VI) reacts …

Nucleophilic Substitution At Phosphorus: Phosphate Thioesters, Ronnie L. Wilde

Electronic Theses and Dissertations

It was my objective to try to determine the mechanism of nucleophilic substitution at phosphorus in monothiophosphate triesters and to apply what I learn to the other phosphate systems. I also tried to obtain more data to show that the Lewis acid-base type complex through the phosphoryl oxygen is existent and does influence the reaction.

A Study Of Oxomolybdenum Chelate Compounds Of Oxidation States (V) And (Iv) When Prepared By Photochemical Reduction Of Oxomolybdenum (Vi) Complexes In Ethanol Under Inert Atmosphere And By Chemical Reduction, Richard Donald Dendinger

Electronic Theses and Dissertations

A photolysis system was designed for meticulous exclusion of oxygen and moisture. Photolyzed ethanol solutions of dioxobis(acetylacetonato)­-molybdenum(VI), Mo0₂ (acac)₂, were studied via preparation of derivatives with several uninegative bidentate ligands (chelH, cysteine was designated cystH₂) and pyridine (py). Infrared spectroscopy was a useful tool in identifying these compounds. An oxomolybdenum(IV) compound, MoO(dtc)₂ was isolated from the red photolyzed solution when dtc was the N,N-diethyldithiocarbamate ion. Tropolone, 8-hydroxyquinoline, N,N-diethyldithiocarbamate, and cysteine formed products formulated as the dioxo bridged molybdenum(V) compounds, Mo₂0₄(che1)₂. Acetylacetone, tropolone, 8-Hydroxyquinoline and N,N-diethyldithiocarbamate, formed derivatives formulated …

A Study Of Bisimines Of Tetramethyl-1,3-Cyclobutanedione, Edward Albert Schmidt

Electronic Theses and Dissertations

It was the purpose, therefore, of this work, to investigate the preparation, properties, and reactions of bisimines of 2,2,4,4- tetramethyl-1,3-cyclobutanedione, to determine the chemical effects of carbon π-bonded to nitrogen. Certain of these effects are compared to carbon π-bonded to oxygen in a structurally similar environment.

Applications Of New Methods Of Structure Determination, Richard Earl Wagner

Electronic Theses and Dissertations

The structures of: 1) 2-piperidino-5-chlorornethyl-5-rnethyl-2- oxo-1, 3,2-dioxaphosphorinan; 2) 2-phenoxy-5-chloromethyl-5-methyl-2- oxo-1, 3,2-dioxaphosphorinan; 3) 2-p-bromophenoxy-5-chloromethyl-5- chloromethyl-5-methyl-2-oxo-1, 3, 2-dioxaphosphorinan have been resolved by x-ray single crystal studies. A Picker 4 circle diffractometer employing molybdenum x-rays and a zirconium filter was used to obtain accurate data. The space group of the first two compounds is P2₁/c while that of the third is Pca2₁. The lattice constants of the compounds are: 1) a = 10.035(8)Å, b = 6.503(4), c = 20.19(1), β = 96.8(3)°; 2) a = 6.237(3)Å, b = 11.437(5), c = 19.419(9), β = 109.95(3); and 3) a = …

The Primary Structure Of Nifungin, Marvin Lee Withrow

Electronic Theses and Dissertations

The primary structure of the antifungal peptide nifungin was studied. Amino acid analysis of nifungin before and after performic acid oxidation revealed 51 amino acids and the presence of an unidentified ninhydrin positive material. The unidentified material constituted approximately ten per cent of nifungin by weight. It contains nitrogen but, as reported by others (2), did not contain phosphate or reducing sugars. It was not hydrolyzed into smaller compounds by strong mineral acids. Carboxyl terminal analysis was conducted utilizing carboxy-peptidase A and B on both the oxidized and unoxidized nifungin. Tyrosine appeared to be released most rapidly followed by lysine, …

The Chemistry Of Some Unusual Carbodiimides, Donald Melvin Plautz

Electronic Theses and Dissertations

Several N¹-alkyl-N²-(N,N-dialkylamino)carbodiimides, which were found to form dimeric species, were prepared, and the structure of the dimeric species determined. A study of the reaction chemistry of both the monomeric and dimeric carbodiimides led to the conclusion that dimerization occurred via a (π2s + π2a) ground-state, symmetry-allowed mechanism, and that thermal decomposition of the dimeric species occurred via a (π2s +-π2s) excited-state, symmetry-allowed mechanism. Although dialkylphosphoramidates have been shown to be useful intermediates in the preparation of unsaturated organic nitrogen compounds, N-acyl- and N-imino-dialkylphosphorohydrazidates were found to be too unstable, forming trialkylphosphates upon distillation, to be of …

Itaconic Acid Derivatives Of P-Amino Alkyl Sulfone, Wilbur B. Clarke

Electronic Theses and Dissertations

This investigation is concerned with the preparation of 1(p-R1 Sulfonyl)-phenyl-5-oxo-3-pyrrolidine carboxylic acid by direct fusion of itaconic acid with the respective p-Amino phenyl alkyl or aryl sulfone, and its continuation of work previously reported

Itaconic Acid Derivatives Of P-Amino Alkyl, Alkyl Sulfone, Wilbur B. Clarke

Electronic Theses and Dissertations

This investigation is concerned with the preparation of 1(p-R2 Sulfonyl)-phenyl-5-oxo-3-pyrrolidine carboxylic acid by direct fusion of itaconic acid with the respective p-Amino phenyl alkyl or aryl sulfone, and is a continuation of work previously reported.

Itaconic Acid Derivatives Of Sulfanilamide And Sulfone, Malcolm J. Thompson

Electronic Theses and Dissertations

This thesis, submitted to Xavier University in partial fulfillment of requirements for a Maters degree in chemistry in 1952, reports the synthesis and characterization of itaconic acid derivatives of sulfanilamide and amino phenyl sulfone compounds. The research describes reaction procedures and the isolation and purification of a series of novel chemical compounds, with experimental data including melting points, percent yields, elemental analysis, and molecular weights reported for numerous derivatives. The thesis presents conclusions regarding the chemical properties and reactivity of the synthesized compounds.

Note: No original abstract was included; this abstract is provided by the XULA Digital Commons editors.

The Reduction Of P-Tolyl Methyl Ether., Gustav Paul Dinga

Electronic Theses and Dissertations

No abstract provided.

Separation Of The Selenium Compounds In Seleniferous Plant Protein Hydrolysates By Paper Partition Chromatography, Arnold L. Smith

Electronic Theses and Dissertations

In 1943 Franke reported that the protein of "allolied" or "toxic" wheat carried the toxicant, and Franke and Painter in 1935 reported that those "toxic" proteins contained selenium which was in organic combination in the protein. There has been much speculation regarding the possibility of selenium replacing sulfur in the amino acids cysteine and methionine. The toxicity of selenium in selenium analogs of these compounds is similar to that of selenium occurring naturally in proteins seleniferous cereals, which indicated that the selenium may be present in the proteins as the analogue of these sulfur amino acids.

Some Reactions Of Chloro-Cyclo-Hexanone And Its Derivatives And The Synthesis Of 1 Chloro-2 Methyl Cyclo Hexene., Elle Bolt

Electronic Theses and Dissertations

No abstract provided.

Separation And Identification Of The 2,4-Dinitrophenylhydrazones Of The Oxidation Products Of Glycerol., Gwendolyn Parker Mcclure

Electronic Theses and Dissertations

No abstract provided.

Microchemical Identification Of Amidone., Robert C. Watson

Electronic Theses and Dissertations

No abstract provided.

A Study Of The Synthesis Of 4-Chlorobutanal., Carl E. Moore 1915-2012

Electronic Theses and Dissertations

No abstract provided.

Crude Oil Salts In Petroleum Refining., Thomas Porter Bailey 1914-2001

Electronic Theses and Dissertations

No abstract provided.

Thermochemical Studies Of Special Propellants., Frederick C. Damm

Electronic Theses and Dissertations

No abstract provided.

Occupational Chemical Hazards In Industries Of Louisville And Jefferson County., Morgan Brown Lewman

Electronic Theses and Dissertations

The facts and conclusions presented in the following pages are the results of figures gathered during two and one half years of work as an Industrial Hygiene Engineer for the Louisville and Jefferson County Health Department. The factual information was acquired from many sources including extensive reading to which reference is made of the more recent publications in the bibliography and also from correspondence and discussions with authorities in various fields. Much data was gained from "in-service training" received at the United States Public Health Service; Bureau of Industrial Hygiene, Bethesda, Maryland; University of Michigan; National Conference of Governmental Industrial …

A Study Of Factors Influencing The Hydrolysis Of Corn Amylopectin By Barley Malt Enzymes., Thelma Munsey Back 1918-2006

Electronic Theses and Dissertations

No abstract provided.

An Improved Method For The Determination Of Vitamin B₁ And Vitamin B₂ By Spectrophotometric Means., Kenneth W. Smith

Electronic Theses and Dissertations

No abstract provided.