Chemistry Commons^™

Oil Spill Containment And Removal In Arctic Ecosystems, Wilfred R. Mcleod, Diana L. Mcleod

UMR-MEC Conference on Energy / UMR-DNR Conference on Energy

Statistics on 16 arctic and subarctic oil spills, their locations, the amount of oil spilled, combatant schemes used, and causes for the spills were culled from the literature. This information has been used to analyze the effectiveness of available chemical, mechanical, and destructive means of oil recovery or disposal under arctic and subarctic conditions.

The choice of the best cleanup procedures to follow in any particular instance is clouded by a number of variables and must be weighed against such considerations as wind, sea, and ice conditions, properties of the oil, and effects of chemicals on marine and wildlife. Access …

A Systems Approach To The Design Of A Hydrogen Economy, Joel Hebert

UMR-MEC Conference on Energy / UMR-DNR Conference on Energy

A description of the organization and methods used to select and direct participants in the design of a hydrogen energy system; a hydrogen economy. The Systems Design concept was used throughout the task, including inputs from applied psychology. Task and time organization was such that the eighteen participants completed the task, including report writing, in eleven weeks (8000 man hours).

Projected costs of producing hydrogen from coal or from nuclear heat are in the range of $1.00 to $1.50 per million Btu. Transmission and distribution costs are estimated to be about half as much. Possibilities for large scale usage of …

Solar-Thermal Energy Conversion, E. R. G. Eckert

UMR-MEC Conference on Energy / UMR-DNR Conference on Energy

The fact that our conventional fuel resources are finite and will be exhausted some time in the future gives impetus to a consideration of solar radiation for conversion into heat or electric power. The characteristics of the solar radiation - that the enrgy flux density is small and that it arrives intermittently on the ground of our glove has to be considered in any system utilizing this energy source. For home heating parts of the roof offer a sufficiently large area, for electric power production areas of some km² are required to collect a sufficient amount of energy. Optical …

Uniroyal's Approach To Energy Management, J. C. Madigan

UMR-MEC Conference on Energy / UMR-DNR Conference on Energy

Uniroyal makes selected consumer and industrial products including chemicals, plastics, and rubber articles in 90 plants worldwide. About 90% of raw materials are petroleum-based and about $40 million will be spent on energy in 1974.

Energy management includes centralized monitoring and feedback of usage per unit of production at all factories; energy audits; educational programs; suggestion systems; operational, maintenance, and capital investment programs. Specific items are detailed. Organization places responsibility on Divisional Coordinators backed by President and Divisional Vice Presidents, coached and assisted by Corporate Coordinator and Engineering Specialists. Results in 1973 were very encouraging.

Energy Conservation: Constructive But No Cure, N. V. Poer

UMR-MEC Conference on Energy / UMR-DNR Conference on Energy

Let me share with you a quotation from a report issued bv the Chase Manhattan Bank while the Arab oil embargo was still in effect. "Reportedly, the annual cost of a gasoline rationing program would amount to $1.4 billion. Based upon past results, if that much money was devoted to an exploratory effort, it would be potentially capable of discovering more than 2 billion barrels of petroleum. That amount of petroleum would be equal to 19 percent more than all the gasoline consumed in privately owned automobiles in 1973."

While the threat of rationing has disappeared with an end to …

An Environmental And Energy Information System, G. U. Ulrikson, M. P. Guthrie, G. M. Caton, H. F. Mcduffie

UMR-MEC Conference on Energy / UMR-DNR Conference on Energy

The Environmental Information System Office (EISO) at Oak Ridge National Laboratory (ORNL) provides information support for researchers and administrators involved with energy and environmental policy and progress. Multiple EISO activities for various governmental agencies have resulted in establishment of compatible data bases concerned with energy and environmental information, methods for effectively developing these, development and computer display of numerical data summaries, and reports evaluating published information. Direction is provided by continuing dialogue between users and information system staff.

Interfaces Of Steam Electric Power Plants With Aquatic Ecosystems, Gerald J. Lauer, William T. Waller, Guy R. Lanza

UMR-MEC Conference on Energy / UMR-DNR Conference on Energy

Growth and reproduction may be stimulated by increased temperature in the cooling system and thermal plume during seasons when ambient water temperature is less than optimum, but growth, reproduction and survival are reduced when the elevated temperatures become excessive. Some fish species congregate in the warm thermal plumes during cold seasons but are excluded from this living space by temperatures above their preference in the summer. However, the warm refuge provided by a thermal plume in cold seasons can be a death trap if a power plant shuts down suddenly and exposes the fish to cold shock exceeding their lower …

Mini-Computer Control Of Electrical Energy Demand, Thomas P. Hertel

UMR-MEC Conference on Energy / UMR-DNR Conference on Energy

Electrical power demand control results in huge dollar savings for the medium to large user. Meramec Mining Company realizes an average $4,500.00 savings from an average $150,000.00 monthly charge because of demand control efforts.

This paper discusses the planning, designing, implementing, and auditing of the mini-computer system at Meramec Mining Company. No detailed discussion of the actual computer coding is included.

Monsanto's Energy Conservation Program, Ray E. Doerr

UMR-MEC Conference on Energy / UMR-DNR Conference on Energy

Energy conservation is not new to Monsanto. We have had utility and process improvement programs for many years. But the motivation of these programs was to reduce our operating costs and improve profits. However, these programs did result in substantial energy savings.

Now, however, Monsanto is placing major emphasis on a broad-scale energy conservation program for all Monsanto locations. The energy saving potential is great and is necessary because of the energy shortage as well as the rapidly escalating energy costs.

Energy Conservation In The Manufacturing Process, Paul H. Kaiser

UMR-MEC Conference on Energy / UMR-DNR Conference on Energy

My presentation will cover the basic procedure used by the Emerson Electric Co. to conserve energy in Its operations. And because people frequently tell me how much they like or dislike our television sets, and how concerned they are or are not about the depth of our involvement in furnishing material for the Defense Department, at this point I would like to give a short commercial. Hopefully, it will dispel misconceptions, and define the use of energy in Emerson's operations.

An Advanced Supervisory Indication, Control & Data Acquisition System, George W. Fox

UMR-MEC Conference on Energy / UMR-DNR Conference on Energy

Electric Utility systems in the United States double in growth every ten years. This growth necessitates the construction of substations in new areas and expansion of substations in existing areas.

Troubles quite often cannot be quickly and accurately diagnosed until a sufficient number of calls have been received from customers to establish a pattern.

This paper will describe an advanced supervisory system utilizing latest state-of-the-art electronic equipment interfaced with digital computers to provide the trouble dispatcher with a rapid update as to the status of his system at all times. He will also be able to remotely control his system …

Monitoring And Control Of Electric Power Usage, Robert B. Webb

UMR-MEC Conference on Energy / UMR-DNR Conference on Energy

At the Armco Kansas City Works the consumption of Electrical Power is monitored and controlled by a General Purpose Computer located in the Electric Furnace Dept. This computer monitors the power used in the entire plant through the power metering system. The computer can limit the' power to the electric arc melting furnaces and in this manner control the demand level during peak hours. The computer can also detect meter failures. The computer system collects data which enables management to detect and analyze variations in electrical power consumption.

Development Of Industrial Energy Management Programs, Michael C. Noland

UMR-MEC Conference on Energy / UMR-DNR Conference on Energy

Energy management is a term which has only recently been entered in the business management lexicon. Until recently business managers, even the most successful ones, devoted only casual thought to the need to manage their use of fuels and electricity. Energy was cheap and plentiful. Economic sense dictated that if labor could be replaced by more energy-intense processes or equipment, the smart manager did so. Local and national policy, industrial process design, consumer habits--all these and more encouraged massive energy consumption.

Introductory Remarks, Joseph T. Zung

UMR-MEC Conference on Energy / UMR-DNR Conference on Energy

No abstract provided.

1st Umr-Mec Conference On Energy Resources -- Entire Proceedings, University Of Missouri--Rolla

UMR-MEC Conference on Energy / UMR-DNR Conference on Energy

No abstract provided.

A Solar-Hydrogen Energy Conversion Scheme For Agricultural Use, R. L. Reisbig, Jack L. Boone, Gordon E. Weiss, Thomas Van Doren

UMR-MEC Conference on Energy / UMR-DNR Conference on Energy

A solar energy activated system is presented which can produce hydrogen and hydrogen-derived fuels (methanol) for use on farms. The device, named "solar-kine", also can produce fertilizer (anhydrous ammonia) as a byproduct of the hydrogen. A cost analysis shows that solar-kine may be mass-producible and sold to farmers for between $7,200 and $14,700. This is equivalent to giving the fanner energy at a price of $1.79 to $3.66 per million BTU's (in 1974 dollars). Presently (Spring, 1974) regular gasoline used in tractors at 43¢ per gallon, represents a cost to the farmer of $3.77 per million BTU's. As oil-based fuels …

Introduction -- Solar And Wind Energy, Jack L. Boone

UMR-MEC Conference on Energy / UMR-DNR Conference on Energy

In recent years the scientific community has begun to explore the many alternatives of using solar energy in terms of solar energy conversion schemes. These, in general, may be classified according to use. We can talk about solar to low-grade thermo residential heating and cooling applications. We can talk about solar to high-grade heat for such applications as steam powered generation and certain high-temperature conversion processes. We can talk about solar to electrical for either residential or for large power production installations; and we can talk about wind to electrical and this would, of course, come in both large and …

Auditing Program For Effective Energy Conservation, S. Noble Robinson

UMR-MEC Conference on Energy / UMR-DNR Conference on Energy

Mallinckrodt Chemical Works has developed and is using a special audit format to identify conservation opportunities for all its utilities. Manufacturing, Utilities, R & D, and Engineering personnel are collected together for several days during which time a process or operation is subjected to an intense analyses of its utilities consumption, a brain-storming of conservation ideas, and then an "on-the-spot" engineering analysis of the economics and feasibility of each idea. This technique is a fast, comprehensive way to assess conservation potentials while committing the attention of those operating groups that can implement the ideas.

Front Matter, University Of Missouri--Rolla

UMR-MEC Conference on Energy / UMR-DNR Conference on Energy

No abstract provided.

Oxidation Reactions Of Unsaturated Hydrocarbons For Fuel Cells, James W. Johnson, William Joseph James, A. K. Agrawal

UMR-MEC Conference on Energy / UMR-DNR Conference on Energy

The anodic oxidation of unsaturated hydrocarbons has been the subject of numerous studies, primarily on Pt and Au electrodes at low temperatures, < 100°C. The complete oxidation to CO₂ is usually the predominant reaction with both H₂O and OH^- having been proposed as the oxygen source. Usually a single study consists of a comprehensive investigation of a single compound on a single electrode or a somewhat limited study of several compounds on a single electrode. A diversity of proposed mechanisms has resulted and is illustrated by the following summary.

History Of So2 Removal System At The Meramec Plant Of Union Electric, Gerald E. Dreifke, John F. Mclaughlin, Jerrel D. Smith

UMR-MEC Conference on Energy / UMR-DNR Conference on Energy

In line with the then emerging air pollution control regulations Union Electric installed a limestone injection wet scrubber sulfur dioxide removal system on an intermediate size coal-fired utility boiler at its Meramec Power Plant on an experimental basis in September, 1968. During approximately 3 years of operation many difficulties were encountered with plugging and scaling of various system components by calcium sulphate. As a result of this experience along with related experiences by other utilities employing similar systems, the experiment was terminated in June, 1971.

As a result of the experiences gained, however, second generation experiments in sulfur dioxide removal …

Future United States Energy Demand Patterns, Leland Blank, Richard Riley

UMR-MEC Conference on Energy / UMR-DNR Conference on Energy

The future energy demands of the United States are forecast using a unique approach. The saturation forecasting method reflects the inability of an individual to utilize more than a limited amount of energy. This technique also allows evaluation of various conservation methods and their effects on the future energy needs.

Radiation Testing Under Simulated Loca Conditions, Kenneth G. Mayhan, D. R. Edwards, W. F. Oberbeck, J. F. Montle

UMR-MEC Conference on Energy / UMR-DNR Conference on Energy

The purpose of this evaluation is to gather data to determine whether or not radiation during a simulated Loss of Coolant Accident would have any effect upon the coatings being used. Because of the concern in industry regarding the safety of nuclear power generating stations and the strong actions of the various environmentalist clubs and agencies clubs and agencies, the utilities have been required to prove the safety of the power facilities to extraordinary degrees before licensing can be obtained to operate. One of the areas regarding the safety is the necessity of proving that the coatings will remain intact …

Effects Of Surfactants On Atomic Absorption Analysis Of Dilute Aqueous Copper And Nickel Solutions, Raymond L. Venable, Robert V. Ballad

Chemistry Faculty Research & Creative Works

No abstract provided.

Mechanism Of Solvolysis Of 3-Methyl-2-Butyl Brosylates., Luu Le Nghi

Masters Theses

"The brosylates of 3-methyl-2-butanol and it's a-d₁-, ß-d₁-, B-d₃-, and S-d₄- analogs have been synthesized. The solvolytic rate data for these compounds were determined. The solvolytic products in 70% (vol.) ethanol-water have been identified by flame ionization gas chromatography using a Carbowax 20M column. The amount of each product was measured by integrating the peak areas from the chromatograms. By analyzing the isotope effect data, the rate determining step is shown to be the formation of the hydrogen bridged ion pair intermediate. By evaluating the GC-mass spectral analysis of the isopentenes, a …

A Kinetic Study Of The Cerium (Iv)-Oxalic Acid System In Acidic Sulfate Media., Robert Richard Kessler

Masters Theses

"The kinetics of the cerium (IV) oxidation of oxalic acid was studied by a stopped-flow spectrophotometric technique in acidic sulfate media. The media consisted of perchloric acid, sodium sulfate and sodium perchlorate which allowed for the determination and control of the various sulfate and hydroxo species of cerium (IV) at prescribed hydrogen ion concentrations. The rate of reaction decreases rapidly with increasing sulfate concentration which yields evidence against previous reports indicating Ce (SO₄)₂ and Ce (SO₄)^2-₃ as the reactive cerium (IV) species. The results indicate that Ce (SO₄)²⁺ is the …

A Study On Two Iodine Containing Peptides Isolated From Porcine Thyroglobulin, Frederick E. Bishop Jr.

Masters Theses

"Two iodopeptides were isolated from thyroglobulin that had been digested with trypsin by paper electrophoresis and paper chromatography. The amino acid analysis demonstrated that the amino acid compositions were similar. The N-terminal amino acid of both iodopeptides was shown to be leucine. The amino acid sequence of one of the iodopeptides was determined by the Edman degradation method and digestion with the enzyme Carboxypeptidase A. The sequence was shown to be: NH₂-Leu-Asn-Ala-Ser-Glu-MIT-Gly-Thr-Ser-Gly-COOH. Other workers have shown that synthetic tyrosyl peptides with the sequence Glu-Tyr are iodinated by the thyroid peroxidase enzyme with a greater specificity than other tyrosyl peptides. This …

Metal Salt Catalyzed Carbenoids The Catalysts In Trialkyl Phosphite Copper (I) Complex Catalyzed Decomposition Of Diazo Compounds, Nguyen Van Thinh

Masters Theses

"Partial rate data, asymmetric induction studies, interrupted experiments and additives studies indicate that copper(I) salt-phosphite complexes are destroyed during the course of reactions with dimethyl diazomalonate (1) and ethyl diazoacetate (2). All evidence is consistent with the copper(I) being oxidized to copper(II) and copper(0) being oxidized by impurities in the olefin which most probably are hydroperoxides.

Several new copper(I) salt-phosphite complexes were prepared and examined but none proved as effective for decomposing (1) as copper(II) bis acetylacetonate.

The utility of the copper (I) chloride-trimethyl phosphite complex for decomposing (1) is a function of the means of preparation. The three general …

The Effect Of Surface Impurities On The Thermal Accommodation Of Rare Gases On A Tungsten Surface, D. Vincent Roach, Louis Biolsi, Robert E. Harris

Chemistry Faculty Research & Creative Works

A Rather Comprehensive Experimental Examination of the Effect of Surface Impurities (Potassium and Cesium) on the Thermal Accommodation of Rare Gases on a Tungsten Surface Has Been Made by Roach and Thomas. the Present Work Examines These Effects from a Theoretical Viewpoint with Particular Emphasis on the Effect on the Thermal Accommodation of Helium on a Tungsten Surface Caused by the Adsorption of Cesium Ions And/or Atoms. for This Examination, the Theory of Allen and Feuer Has Been Utilized using Reasonable Values of the Interaction Parameters for Helium with the Adsorbate as Well as the Force Constant for the Adsorbate-Substrate …

Film Formation On Anodically Polarized Lead, H. Vaidyanathan, Ram A. Narasagoudar, Thomas J. O'Keefe, William Joseph James, James W. Johnson

Materials Science and Engineering Faculty Research & Creative Works

No abstract provided.