Chemistry Commons^™

The Synthesis And Characterization Of Poly (1,1'-Divinyl-2,2’-Biimidazole), Timothy S. Evenson

Opportunities for Undergraduate Research Experience Program (OURE)

The monomer 1,1 ,-divinyl-2,2’-biimidazole was prepared using a previously published procedure (1). The new divinyl biimidazole polymer was then synthesized from this monomer. The polymer was characterized by infrared and ultraviolet-visible spectroscopy. Nuclear magnetic resonance confirms the structure of the polymer. Also, gel permeation chromatography was used to determine molecular weight, while differential scanning calorimetry was used to determine the glass transition temperature and crystalline melting point of the polymer.

Development Of A Recycled Glass Corrosion Inhibitor For Surface Coatings And Concrete Applications, Theresa Pierce

Opportunities for Undergraduate Research Experience Program (OURE)

This research was performed to study the possibility of attaching a metal corrosion inhibitor to recycled glass powder. Such a material would be useful as a corrosion inhibitor component for metal substrate coatings. The major experiments performed were first to produce a metal corrosion inhibitor (Irgacor 153)/silane coupling agent (3-(chloropropyl)trimethoxysilane) adduct and secondly to attach this corrosion inhibitor/silane adduct onto the surface of glass. To test feasibility, qualitative corrosion tests were performed using steel wool as the corroding metal and a number of product samples.

A Mössbauer Effect Study Of The Microscopic Magnetic Properties Of Th₂Fe₁₇ And Its Nitride, Th₂Fe₁₇N₂.₆, Gary J. Long, Oran Allan Pringle, Fernande Grandjean, T. H. Jacobs, K. H. Buschow

Chemistry Faculty Research & Creative Works

The Mössbauer spectra of Th₂Fe₁₇ and Th₂Fe₁₇N_2.6 have been measured at various temperatures between 85 and 295 K and analyzed with a model that is based on the Wigner-Seitz cell environment of each iron site, the orientation of the magnetization, and the magnetic moments as determined from either neutron-diffraction measurements or band-structure calculations. Upon nitrogenation of Th₂Fe₁₇, the 85 K weighted average isomer shift increases from 0.037 to 0.156 mm/s and further the isomer shifts of the four crystallographically distinct sites increase in agreement with the increase observed …

Distribution Of Sedimentary Phosphorus In Gulf Of Mexico Estuaries, Weng Huanxin, Bob J. Presley, Daniel W. Armstrong

Chemistry Faculty Research & Creative Works

Sediment samples were collected from all the major bays and estuaries along the US Gulf of Mexico Coastline in 1986-1988 by the NOAA NS & T Program (NOAA (1989), The National Status and Trends Program for marine environmental quality; NOAA/OMA, Rockville, MD, USA). These have been analyzed for total phosphorus as well as leachable Al-P, Ca-P and Fe-P. Total phosphorus concentration ranges from 1·8 to 45·9 μmol/g and averages 11·3 μmol/g. Higher values were found in Louisiana estuaries than in those in Texas but the highest values occur in the phosphate rock mining region of southern Florida. Ca-P is the …

Gender And Aphasia In The Stroke Data Bank, Daniel B. Hier, William B. Yoon, J. P. Mohr, Thomas R. Price, Philip A. Wolf

Chemistry Faculty Research & Creative Works

Aphasia Was Present in 19.4% of the Men and 22.5% of the Women in the Stroke Data Bank. There Were No Gender Differences in Aphasia Incidence among the Intracerebral Hemorrhages. Aphasia Was More Frequent among Women with Infarcts (37.0%) Than Men (28.3%). When Stroke Mechanism Was Controlled For, There Was an Excess of Aphasia among the Women with Stroke Due to Cardiac Embolism. When Stroke Site Was Controlled For, There Were No Gender Differences in Aphasia Frequency. Wernicke′s, Global, and Anomic Aphasias Were More Common in Women Than Men; Broca′s Aphasia Was Somewhat More Common in Men. Although There Were …

A Prospective Community-Based Study Of Stroke In Warsaw, Poland, Anna Czlonkowska, Danuta Ryglewicz, Thomas Weissbein, Maria Baranska-Gieruszczak, Daniel B. Hier

Chemistry Faculty Research & Creative Works

Background and Purpose Poland is a Country with High Morbidity and Mortality Rates from Cardiovascular Diseases. No Recent Studies Have Evaluated the Contribution of Cerebrovascular Diseases to This Morbidity and Mortality. Our Aim Was to Accurately Determine Stroke Incidence Rates in Warsaw, Poland. Methods a 2-Year Prospective and Population-Based Stroke Registry Was Maintained for Health Care Units 2 and 3 in Warsaw, Poland (Population, 182 285). Case Subjects Were Ascertained by Surveying Hospital Admissions, Outpatient Visits, and Death Certificates. Results during the 2 Years of the Study (1991 to 1992), 633 Cases of First-Event Strokes Were Registered, 462 of Which …

Synthesis And Characterization Of Binuclear And Unsymmetrical Phthalocyanines, Jiang Yang

Doctoral Dissertations

"The metal free planar binuclear phthalocyanines sharing a benzene or naphthalene ring have been synthesized and characterized. The position of Q band of binuclear phthalocyanine sharing a naphthalene ring is red shifted compared to binuclear phthalocyanine sharing a benzene ring. The compounds are shown to form the liquid crystal mesophases at room temperature.

The unique unsymmetrical phthalocyanines with steric hindrance tetraphenyl or “opposite” octaphenyl substitution have been synthesized with the aid of computer modeling. The compounds are characterized by UV-visible near IR absorption and NMR spectroscopy. Mesophase is observed by optical microscopy and differential scanning calorimetry.

The aggregation behavior has …

Neutron-Diffraction And Mössbauer-Effect Studies Of Pr₂(Fe₁₋ₓmnₓ)₁₄B, Oran Allan Pringle, Jie Fu, Gary J. Long, William Joseph James, Decai Xie, William B. Yelon, Fernande Grandjean

Physics Faculty Research & Creative Works

A neutron-diffraction investigation of a series of Pr₂(Fe _1-xMn_x)₁₄B samples, with x values of 0.00, 0.11, 0.22, 0.30, and 0.35, reveals a preference for the manganese to occupy the 8j₂ transition-metal site,the transition-metal site with the largest Wigner-Seitz cell volume. Similar site occupancies have been reported previously for Er₂(Fe_1-xMn_x) ₁₄B and Y₂(Fe_1-xMn_x) ₁₄B. An analysis of the 295-K Mössbauer spectrum of Pr₂(Fe_0.89Mn_0.11)₁₄B indicates that the internal hyperfine fields on the …

Neutron-Diffraction And Mössbauer Effect Study Of The Preferential Silicon Site Occupation And Magnetic Structure Of Nd₂Fe₁₄₋ₓsiₓb, Gaya Kanishka Marasinghe, Oran Allan Pringle, Gary J. Long, William Joseph James, Dianne J. Xiao, J. L. Li, William B. Yelon, Fernande Grandjean

Physics Faculty Research & Creative Works

A neutron-diffraction study of Nd₂Fe_14-xSi_xB has shown that silicon preferentially occupies the 4c site in the transition-metal sublattice in Nd₂Fe₁₄B. Silicon also exhibits a moderate preference for the 8j₁ site, is almost excluded from the 16k₂ site, and avoids the 16k₁, 8j₂, and 4e sites. The silicon site occupancy is correlated with a preference for a silicon atom to have rare-earth atoms in its coordination environment. The Mössbauer spectra of Nd₂Fe_14-xSi_xB have been fit with a model which …

Separation And Characterization Of Components Of Catalytic Cracker Feed Using Centrifugal Partition Chromatography, Randy A. Menges, Daniel W. Armstrong, Larry A. Spino

Chemistry Faculty Research & Creative Works

Centrifugal partition chromatography (CPC) was used to fractionate a catalytic-cracking feedstock (i.e., catalytic cracker feed) into 16 separate fractions in the descending mode and 5 fractions in the inverse or ascending mode. Each fraction was analyzed by UV, fluorescence, and synchronous luminescence (SL) spectroscopy as well as by gas chromatography/mass spectrometry (GC/MS). It appeared that CPC can be used to fractionate larger samples of this type and with a greater degree of selectivity than previously reported preparative HPLC approaches. The SL spectra tended to be much more useful and information rich for these complex mixtures as compared to UV or …

Symmetrically H-Bridged Dimer Of 2-Carboxylatobenzenediazonium. The 1:1 Complex Between 2-Carboxybenzenediazonium Chloride And Benzenediazonium-2-Carboxylate, Christopher J. Horan, Paul E. Haney, Charles Leslie Barnes, Rainer Glaser

Chemistry Faculty Research & Creative Works

The two zwitterions in the H-bridged dimer of 2-carboxylatobenzenediazonim (1) are linked by a crystallographically symmetric O⋯Hctdot;O hydrogen bond with an O⋯O distance of 2.436 (3) Å. Comparison of the (1) with the other benzenediazonium salts shows that the phenyl ring distortions in (1) are determined primarily by the diazonium substituent with only modest additional effects by the carboxylato group. Intramolecular neighboring goup interactions between the N₂ group and the orthoCOO(H) group are indicated and are discussed. The terminal N atom of the diazonium group is bent away from the neighboring carboxylato group. The N₂ and the …

A Neutron Diffraction And Mössbauer Effect Study Of The Magnetic Properties Of Pr₂Fe₁₇ And Pr₂Fe₁₇N₂.₆, Gary J. Long, Oran Allan Pringle, Fernande Grandjean, William B. Yelon, K. H. Buschow

Chemistry Faculty Research & Creative Works

The neutron diffraction powder patterns of Pr₂Fe₁₇ and Pr₂Fe₁₇N_2.6 have been measured at 295 K and refined within the Th₂Zn₁₇ structure type to give the structural changes which occur upon nitrogenation; changes which include a 6.4% expansion of the unit cell volume. The Mössbauer spectra of Pr ₂Fe₁₇ and Pr₂Fe₁₇N_2.6 have been measured between 85 and 295 K and analyzed with a model which is based on the Wigner-Seitz cell environment of each iron site, the basal orientation of the magnetization, and …

A Neutron Diffraction And Mössbauer Effect Study Of The Magnetic Structure Of Y₂(Fe₁₋ₓmnₓ)₁₄B, Gaya Kanishka Marasinghe, Oran Allan Pringle, Gary J. Long, William Joseph James, William B. Yelon, Fernande Grandjean

Physics Faculty Research & Creative Works

The magnetic structures of a series of Y₂(Fe _1-xMn_x)₁₄B samples, with x equal to 0.03, 0.10, 0.25, and 0.37, have been studied by powder neutron diffraction and Mössbauer spectroscopy. Y₂(Fe_0.97Mn _0.03)₁₄B and Y₂(Fe_0.9Mn _0.1)₁₄B are ferromagnetic at both 295 and 85 K, Y ₂(Fe_0.63Mn_0.37)₁₄B is paramagnetic at both 295 and 85 K, whereas Y₂(Fe_0.75Mn _0.25)₁₄B is paramagnetic at 295 K and is partially ordered at …

Derivatized Cyclodextrins Immobilized On Fused-Silica Capillaries For Enantiomeric Separations Via Capillary Electrophoresis, Gas Chromatography, Or Supercritical Fluid Chromatography, Daniel W. Armstrong, Yubing Tang, Timothy Ward, Molly Nichols

Chemistry Faculty Research & Creative Works

No abstract provided.

2-Carboxybenzenediazonium Chloride Monohydrate, Christopher J. Horan, Charles Leslie Barnes, Rainer Glaser

Chemistry Faculty Research & Creative Works

C₇H₅N₂O₂ ⁺.Cl^-H₂O, M_r = 202.60, monoclinic, C2c, a = 25.62(3), b = 4.964(2), c = 14.900 (14)Å, β = 107.15 (4)°, V = 1811 (3)ų, Z = 8, D_x = 1.486 g cm^-3, λ(Mo Kα) = 0.71073 Å, µ = 3.9 cm^-1, F(000) = 832, T = 298 K, R = 0.035 for 1275 observed reflections. The terminal N atom of the diazonium group is bent away from the carboxyl group. The N₂ and the …

The Electrochemical Characterization Of A Platinum Cyclooctadiene Complex As A Guest Molecule In The Presence Of Ss-Cyclodextrin, Timothy S. Evenson

Opportunities for Undergraduate Research Experience Program (OURE)

The equilibrium constants for the complexation of the dichloroplatinum- cycloocta-1,5-diene complex with p-cyclodextrin in N,N-dimethyl- formamide was determined using electrochemical cyclic voltammetry. The constants for both the oxidized and reduced forms of the platinum compound were determined. Model redox experiments were conducted with ferrocene and 1,1 ’-dimethylferrocene before the platinum compound was studied in order to establish parameters for the experimental method. Also determined was the ratio of the diffusion constants of the guest molecule with and without being complexed with cyclodextrin. In addition to the platinum complex being electrochemically characterized as a guest of cyclodextrin, circular dichroism studies were …

Hypochlorite Oxidation Of Nitrilotriacetic Acid, Audrey P. Linville

Opportunities for Undergraduate Research Experience Program (OURE)

The chemical degradation of nitrilotriacetic acid (NTA) by sodium hypochlorite is examined. Preliminary work indicates that NTA undergoes decarboxylation. In the second phase of this investigation (S92), the work was mainly concerned with the products from the reaction of NTA with hypochlorite. The product of decarboxylation has been found to be iminodiacetic acid. The decrease in concentration of hypochlorite per unit time was studied over a pH range of 7-14 and in the presence of lead, calcium, zinc, and copper ions.

Aminolysis Of Activated Esters Of Indole-3-Acetic Acid In Acetonitrile, Michael J. Pfeiffer, Samir B. Hanna

Chemistry Faculty Research & Creative Works

Seven activated esters of indole-3-acetic acid (IAA) [4-oxo-l,2,3-benzotriazin-3-yl indole-3-acetate (IAA-3HBO), succinimido indole-3-acetate (IAA-NHS), 5-norbornene-1,3-dicarboximido indole-3-acetate (IAA-NHND), phthalimido indole-3-acetate (IAA-NHP), naphthalimido indole-3-acetate (IAA-NHN), 4-nitrophenyl indole-3-acetate (IAA-4NP), 8-quinolyl indole-3-acetate (IAA-8HQ)] were prepared and characterized. Their kinetics of aminolysis with butylamine, piperidine, and pyrrolidine in acetonitrile were investigated. In general, the observed pseudo-first-order rate constants, kobs, fit the two-term rate equation kobs = k1[amine] + k2[amine]2. For the aminolysis of six of the esters with piperidine there was no measurable k2 term. The 8-hydroxyquinoline ester and N-hydroxy-naphthalimide ester of indole-3-acetic acid had no measurable k2 term for aminolysis with either pyrrolidine or piperidine. …

Tetrabutylammonium Benzoate‐Initiated Polymerization Of Propylene Oxide, Xuemin Chen, Michael R. Van De Mark

Chemistry Faculty Research & Creative Works

The polymerization of propylene oxide by the benzoate anion was aided through the use of the tetrabutylammonium counterion. The effect of the tetrabutylammonium ion was to increase the solubility of the salt and to increase the ion separation. The polymerization was carried out in a pressure reactor at temperatures from 40 to 108°C, producing polymer yields of 2–78%. The study addressed the general effects of solvent, temperature, and ratio of initiator to monomer. © 1993 John Wiley & Sons, Inc. Copyright © 1993 John Wiley & Sons, Inc.

Enantiomeric Separation Of Chiral Components Reported To Be In Coffee, Tea, Or Cocoa, Apryll M. Stalcup, K. Helen Ekborg, Mary P. Gasper, Daniel W. Armstrong

Chemistry Faculty Research & Creative Works

Literally hundreds of volatile compounds have been identified in coffee, tea, and cocoa. A significant proportion of these compounds are known to be chiral. The enantiomeric composition of most of these compounds is unknown, and until recently there were no efficient analytical procedures for their identification. The advent of cyclodextrin-based chiral stationary phases for capillary gas chromatography provides effective means for the enantioselectivity analysis of many of these compounds. Some of these are known to be flavor and fragrance components that occur naturally or are produced from the manufacturing process (e.g., fermentation, drying, and roasting). © 1993, American Chemical Society. …

Infarct Topography And Hemiparesis Profiles With Cerebral Convexity Infarction: The Stroke Data Bank, J. P. Mohr, M. A. Foulkes, A. T. Polis, D. (Daniel) B. Hier, C. S. Kase, T. R. Price, T. K. Tatemichi, P. A. Wolf

Chemistry Faculty Research & Creative Works

For the 183 of 1276 Patients in the NINDS Stroke Data Bank with Convexity Infarction in the Middle Cerebral Artery Territory, the Size of the Infarct Did Not Differ between the Two Sides But the Location of the Main Site of the Infarct Differed: on the Left Side, It Was Centered in the Inferior Parietal Region, and Was Mid-Frontal on the Right. There Was a Good Correlation between Infarct Size and Weakness Severity Whether Estimated by overall Motor Function on One Side, Arm, or Hand Alone. There Was a Poor Correlation, However, for Lesion Location (Lower Third, Middle Third or …

Self-Diffusion Studies In Polymer-Solvent Systems By Pulsed-Gradient Spin-Echo Nuclear Magnetic Resonance, R. Allen Waggoner

Doctoral Dissertations

"Pulsed gradient NMR techniques have been used to study self-diffusion in polymer solutions. The systems studied include toluene, cyclohexane, ethylbenzene, chloroform, t-butyl acetate, and methyl ethyl ketone in polystyrene; methyl methacrylate in poly(methyl methacrylate); poly(ethylene oxide) in water; and water in biological tissue. The polymer diffusion data are evaluated in terms of scaling theory as they relate to the scaling of the polymer diffusion coefficient with molecular weight. The solvent diffusion data are evaluated with kinetic and free-volume theories. In addition a relatively simple dependence of diffusion coefficient on polymer volume fraction is derived from free-volume theory. The solvent diffusion …

A Mössbauer Effect Study Of The Microscopic Magnetic Properties Of Nd₂Fe₁₇ And Nd₂Fe₁₇N₂.₆, Gary J. Long, Oran Allan Pringle, Fernande Grandjean, K. H. J. Buschow

Chemistry Faculty Research & Creative Works

The Mössbauer spectra of Nd₂Fe₁₇ and Nd ₂Fe₁₇N_2.6 have been measured at various temperatures between 78 and 295 K and analyzed with a model that is based on the Wigner-Seitz cell environment of each iron site, the orientation of the magnetization, and the magnetic moments as determined from either neutron-diffraction measurements or band-structure calculations. Upon nitrogenation of Nd₂Fe₁₇, the weighted average isomer shift increases from 0.060 to 0.164 mm/s and further the isomer shifts of the four crystallographically distinct sites increase in agreement with the increase observed in their …

The Synthesis And Characterization Of Metal Binding Polymers Containing 2,2'-Biimidazole, R. A. Proctor

Opportunities for Undergraduate Research Experience Program (OURE)

Epoxides are known to form ring-opened polymer products that have demonstrated improved material strength, high heat stability, and chemical resistance as adhesives, coatings, and molding materials. It has been suggested that imidazoles can be used in the catalysis of this polymerization, and that the pyridyl nitrogen of the imidazole ring participates in epoxy ring-opening and is then incorporated in the polymeric structure. This study was conducted to test this theory of the role of pyridyl nitrogen in the reaction of 1,1'-dihydroxyethyl-2,2'- biimidazole (HEB) and metal-HEB complexes with the diglycidyl ether of bisphenol A (DGEBA). Of particular interest in this study …

Mössbauer And Neutron Diffraction Studies Of Y₂(Fe₁₋ₓmnₓ)₁₄B, Oran Allan Pringle, Gaya Kanishka Marasinghe, Gary J. Long, William Joseph James, William B. Yelon, Decai Xie, Fernande Grandjean

Physics Faculty Research & Creative Works

We have used Mössbauer spectroscopy and neutron diffraction to study a series of Y₂(Fe_1-xMn_x)_{1 4}B samples in the composition range from x=0.0 to 0.4. Y ₂(Fe_0.6Mn_0.4)₁₄B is paramagnetic at both room temperature and 85 K. The iron quadrupole splitting in this paramagnetic compound allows us to place an upper limit on the quadrupole shift in the magnetic Y₂(Fe_1-xMn_x) ₁₄B alloys. Refinement of Y₂(Fe _1-xMn_x)₁₄B neutron diffraction data have been used to …

Determining The Chemical Composition Of Cloud Condensation Nuclei, Allen L. Williams, Jane E. Rothert, Kent E. Mcclure, Darryl J. Alofs, Donald E. Hagen, Daniel R. White, A. R. Hopkins, Max B. Trueblood

Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering Faculty Research & Creative Works

This second progress report describes the status of the project one and one-half years after the start. The goal of the project is to develop the instrumentation to collect cloud condensation nuclei (CCN) in sufficient amounts to determine their chemical composition, and to survey the CCN composition in different climates through a series of field measurements. Our approach to CCN collection is to first form droplets on the nuclei under simulated cloud humidity conditions, which is the only known method of identifying CCN from the background aerosol. Under cloud chamber conditions, the droplets formed become larger than the surrounding aerosol, …

Magnetic Properties Of A Novel Iron Carbide Film, Fe₇C₃X Formed In A Glow Discharge, Oran Allan Pringle, Gary J. Long, Fernande Grandjean, Jun L. Li, George C. Hadjipanayis, William Joseph James

Physics Faculty Research & Creative Works

No abstract provided.

Structural Studies Of Rare Earth-Iron Nitrides By Neutron Powder Diffraction, William B. Yelon, George C. Hadjipanayis

Physics Faculty Research & Creative Works

No abstract provided.

Hydration Behavior Of Laser Dye Aerosols Of Mixed Composition Having High Critical Supersaturations, Max B. Trueblood, Donald E. Hagen, Darryl J. Alofs

Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering Faculty Research & Creative Works

This Study Concerns Aerosol Particles of Mixed Composition. the Particles Contain a Water Insoluble Core (Polystyrene Latex), Surrounded by a Water Soluble Shell (Various Fluorescent Dyes). a Collison Nebulizer and an Electrostatic Aerosol Classifier Are Used to Prepare the Aerosol; its Critical Supersaturation Spectrum is Measured with a Diffusion Cloud Chamber. Experiments Were Done using Four Different Dyes (Disodium Fluorescein, Sulforhodamine 640, Sulforhodamine B and Rhodamine 560 Chloride) with Five Different Polystyrene Latex Sphere Sizes. the Results Indicate that a Kohler-Type Behavior is Obeyed. This Technique of Putting a Soluble Coating Onto an Insoluble Core is Found to Be a …

1-Ferrocenyl-1-Cyclopropyl Cation: The First Long-Lived Cyclopropyl Cation, G. K.Surya Prakash, Herwig Buchholz, V. Prakash Reddy, Armin De Meijere, George A. Olah

Chemistry Faculty Research & Creative Works

No abstract provided.