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Articles 841 - 870 of 1033
Full-Text Articles in Chemistry
Re2o7-Catalyzed Reaction Of Hemiacetals And Aldehydes With O-, S-, And C-Nucleophiles, Wantanee Sittiwong, Michael W. Richardson, Charles E. Schiaffo, Thomas J. Fisher, Patrick H. Dussault
Re2o7-Catalyzed Reaction Of Hemiacetals And Aldehydes With O-, S-, And C-Nucleophiles, Wantanee Sittiwong, Michael W. Richardson, Charles E. Schiaffo, Thomas J. Fisher, Patrick H. Dussault
Department of Chemistry: Faculty Publications
Re(VII) oxides catalyze the acetalization, monoperoxyacetalization, monothioacetalization and allylation of hemiacetals. The reactions, which take place under mild conditions and at low catalyst loadings, can be conducted using hemiacetals, the corresponding O-silyl ethers, and, in some cases, the acetal dimers. Aldehydes react under similar conditions to furnish good yields of dithioacetals. Reactions of hemiacetals with nitrogen nucleophiles are unsuccessful. 1,2-Dioxolan-3-ols (peroxyhemiacetals) undergo Re(VII)-promoted etherification but not allylation. Hydroperoxyacetals (1-alkoxyhydroperoxides) undergo selective exchange of the alkoxide group in the presence of either Re2O7 or a Brønsted acid.
Stress Reduction For Pillar Filled Structures, Rebecca J. Nikolic, Adam Conway, Qinghui Shao, Lars Voss, Chin Li Cheung, Mushtaq A. Dar
Stress Reduction For Pillar Filled Structures, Rebecca J. Nikolic, Adam Conway, Qinghui Shao, Lars Voss, Chin Li Cheung, Mushtaq A. Dar
Department of Chemistry: Faculty Publications
According to one embodiment, an apparatus for detecting neutrons includes an array of pillars, wherein each of the pillars comprises a rounded cross sectional shape where the cross section is taken perpendicular to a longitudinal axis of the respective pillar, a cavity region between each of the pillars, and a neutron sensitive material located in each cavity region.
Drug Delivery Via Nanoparticles, Laura Ward
Drug Delivery Via Nanoparticles, Laura Ward
Natural Sciences Student Research Presentations
Much research is being conducted to investigate the potential use of nanoparticles as an efficient drug delivery system. Important characteristics of nanoparticles that affect how they interact with biological systems include size, composition ,surface characteristics and shape. One of the many potential medical uses of nanoparticles is targeted drug delivery; nanoparticles have the potential to deliver concentrated amounts of medication to select areas of the body, reducing toxic effects in healthy areas of the body.
Lyrica, Shannon Hayward
Lyrica, Shannon Hayward
Natural Sciences Student Research Presentations
Illustrates the chemical components of Lyrica, a pain management medication.
Cymbalta, Ryann S. Elder
Cymbalta, Ryann S. Elder
Natural Sciences Student Research Presentations
Poster outlines the chemical make-up and uses of Cymbalta (Duloxetine Hydrochloride) which is used to treat major depression, generalized anxiety, fibromyalgia, and diabetic neuropathy. This is a project for the Natural Sciences Poster Session at Parkland College.
Xenical, Megan Brown
Xenical, Megan Brown
Natural Sciences Student Research Presentations
Poster outlines the chemical make-up and uses of the weight loss drug, Xenical. This is a project for the Natural Sciences Poster Session at Parkland College.
Effects Of Iodine On Radioactive Treatment, Jun Ho Park
Effects Of Iodine On Radioactive Treatment, Jun Ho Park
Natural Sciences Student Research Presentations
This poster investigates the causes and treatments of radioactive exposure and the diseases that follow and outlines how Iodine plays an effective treatment. Focuses on a specific isotope of Iodine, I-131, investigating its effects and uses in radioactive activity and treatment. This is a project for the Natural Sciences Poster Session at Parkland College.
Levothyroxine, Vanessa Powell
Levothyroxine, Vanessa Powell
Natural Sciences Student Research Presentations
Poster outlines the chemical make-up and uses of the thyroid medication, Levothyroxine. This is a project for the Natural Sciences Poster Session at Parkland College.
Preparation Of Phosphonoterephthalic Acids Via Palladium-Catalyzed Coupling Of Aromatic Iodoesters, Nathaniel Ivan, Vladimir Benin, Alexander Morgan
Preparation Of Phosphonoterephthalic Acids Via Palladium-Catalyzed Coupling Of Aromatic Iodoesters, Nathaniel Ivan, Vladimir Benin, Alexander Morgan
Chemistry Faculty Publications
The current article reports in detail the preparation of two phosphonoterephthalic acids: 2-phosphonoterephthalic acid (1) and 2,5-diphosphonoterephthalic acid (2). Efficient, scalable syntheses have been developed for both compounds based on Pd-catalyzed coupling reactions of iodinated terephthalate esters. Phosphonoterephthalic acids are potentially useful as flame-retardant additives or as monomers for the construction of acid-pendant polymer chains.
Antiprotozoal Activity Against Acanthamoeba Castellanii, Leah E. Woodall
Antiprotozoal Activity Against Acanthamoeba Castellanii, Leah E. Woodall
Summer Community of Scholars Posters (RCEU and HCR Combined Programs)
No abstract provided.
High-Performance Flexible Solid-State Supercapacitors Based On Mno2-Decorated Nanocarbon Electrodes, Yang Gao, Yun Shen Zhou, Min Qian, Hao Ming Li, Jody G. Redepenning, Li Sha Fan, Xiang Nan He, Wei Xiong, Masoud Majhouri-Samani, Lan Jiang, Yongfeng Lu
High-Performance Flexible Solid-State Supercapacitors Based On Mno2-Decorated Nanocarbon Electrodes, Yang Gao, Yun Shen Zhou, Min Qian, Hao Ming Li, Jody G. Redepenning, Li Sha Fan, Xiang Nan He, Wei Xiong, Masoud Majhouri-Samani, Lan Jiang, Yongfeng Lu
Department of Chemistry: Faculty Publications
Flexible energy storage units are highly desired to meet the ever-increasing demands for flexible electronics. In this paper, highly flexible solid-state supercapacitors are fabricated using MnO2-decorated nanocarbon electrodes and 1-ethyl-3-methylimidazolium bis(trifluoromethylsulfonyl)imide–poly(vinylidene fluoride)- hexafluoropropylene ([EMIM][NTf2]–PVdF(HFP)) gel electrolytes. The flexible electrodes are prepared by electrodepositing MnO2 onto the carbon nanotube/carbon nanoonion (CNT/CNO) films. CNT/CNO films have a large surface area for MnO2 deposition and work as mechanical supports with high flexibility and light weight. CNOs act as spacers to separate CNTs, introducing mesopores inside the CNT/CNO films for preventing pore blocking during MnO2 deposition. The supercapacitor exhibits …
Probing The Bifunctional Catalytic Activity Of Ceria Nanorods Towards The Cyanosilylation Reaction, Gonghua Wang, Lu Wang, Xiang Fei, Yunyun Zhou, Renat F. Sabirianov, Wai Ning Mei, Chin Li Cheung
Probing The Bifunctional Catalytic Activity Of Ceria Nanorods Towards The Cyanosilylation Reaction, Gonghua Wang, Lu Wang, Xiang Fei, Yunyun Zhou, Renat F. Sabirianov, Wai Ning Mei, Chin Li Cheung
Department of Chemistry: Faculty Publications
Ceria nanorods were demonstrated to be an active, bifunctional catalyst for the cyanosilylation of aldehydes. The catalytic activity of ceria was shown to be positively correlated with a decrease in the coordination numbers of neighbouring oxygen atoms around cerium atoms in the catalyst. Chemisorption and density functional theory studies suggested that the coordinatively unsaturated cerium sites exposed by the surface oxygen vacancy defects functioned as Lewis acid sites and the neighbouring oxygen atoms behaved as Lewis base sites in the catalytic cycle.
An Expanded Genetic Code In Mammalian Cells With A Functional Quadruplet Codon, Wei Niu, Peter G. Schultz, Jiantao Guo
An Expanded Genetic Code In Mammalian Cells With A Functional Quadruplet Codon, Wei Niu, Peter G. Schultz, Jiantao Guo
Department of Chemistry: Faculty Publications
We have utilized in vitro evolution to identify tRNA variants with significantly enhanced activity for the incorporation of unnatural amino acids into proteins in response to a quadruplet codon in both bacterial and mammalian cells. This approach will facilitate the creation of an optimized and standardized system for the genetic incorporation of unnatural amino acids using quadruplet codons, which will allow the biosynthesis of biopolymers that contain multiple unnatural building blocks.
Amalgamation Of Nucleosides And Amino Acids In Antibiotic Biosynthesis, Sandra H. Barnard
Amalgamation Of Nucleosides And Amino Acids In Antibiotic Biosynthesis, Sandra H. Barnard
Theses and Dissertations--Pharmacy
The rapid increase in antibiotic resistance demands the identification of novel antibiotics with novel targets. One potential antibacterial target is the biosynthesis of peptidoglycan cell wall, which is both ubiquitous and necessary for bacterial survival. Both the caprazamycin-related compounds A-90289 and muraminomicin, as well as the capuramycin-related compounds A-503083 and A-102395 are potent inhibitors of the translocase I enzyme, one of the key enzymes required for cell wall biosynthesis. The caprazamycin-related compounds contain a core nonproteinogen b-hydroxy-a-amino acid referred to as 5’-C-glycyluridine (GlyU). Residing within the biosynthetic gene clusters of the aforementioned compounds is a shared open reading …
Reaction Between Polyol-Esters And Phosphate Esters In The Presence Of Metal Carbides, David W. Johnson, Carolyn Iacullo, John E. Hils
Reaction Between Polyol-Esters And Phosphate Esters In The Presence Of Metal Carbides, David W. Johnson, Carolyn Iacullo, John E. Hils
Chemistry Faculty Publications
The reaction of metal carbides with polyol esters found in aerospace lubricants and phosphate esters commonly used as additives was investigated. Carbides were of particular interest since modern materials under consideration at high temperature bearings have surfaces that are primarily metal carbides. Vanadium and chromium carbide were found to react with the ester and phosphate ester by a transesterification reaction, producing an alkyl phosphate which is less stable than the aromatic phosphate esters. In the process, the metal carbide is converted to the metal phosphate and metal polyphosphate, evidenced by the infrared and Raman spectra of the solid residue and …
Probing The Bifunctional Catalytic Activity Of Ceria Nanorods Towards The Cyanosilylation Reaction, Gonghua Wang, Lu Wang, Xiang Fei, Yunyun Zhou, Renat F. Sabirianov, Wai-Ning Mei, Chin Li Cheung
Probing The Bifunctional Catalytic Activity Of Ceria Nanorods Towards The Cyanosilylation Reaction, Gonghua Wang, Lu Wang, Xiang Fei, Yunyun Zhou, Renat F. Sabirianov, Wai-Ning Mei, Chin Li Cheung
Department of Chemistry: Faculty Publications
Ceria nanorods were demonstrated to be an active, bifunctional catalyst for the cyanosilylation of aldehydes. The catalytic activity of ceria was shown to be positively correlated with a decrease in the coordination numbers of neighbouring oxygen atoms around cerium atoms in the catalyst. Chemisorption and density functional theory studies suggested that the coordinatively unsaturated cerium sites exposed by the surface oxygen vacancy defects functioned as Lewis acid sites and the neighbouring oxygen atoms behaved as Lewis base sites in the catalytic cycle.
Porous Polymer Coatings As Substrates For The Formation Of High-Fidelity Micropatterns By Quill-Like Pens, Michael Hirtz, Marcus Lyon, Wenqian Feng, Andrea E. Holmes, Harald Fuchs, Pavel A. Levkin
Porous Polymer Coatings As Substrates For The Formation Of High-Fidelity Micropatterns By Quill-Like Pens, Michael Hirtz, Marcus Lyon, Wenqian Feng, Andrea E. Holmes, Harald Fuchs, Pavel A. Levkin
Department of Chemistry: Faculty Publications
We explored the potentials of microarray printing using quill-like microcantilevers onto solid supports that are typically used in microspot printing, including paper, polymeric nitrocellulose and nylon membranes. We compared these membranes with a novel porous poly(2-hydroxyethyl methacrylate-co-ethylene dimethacrylate) support (HEMA) with narrow pore size distribution in the 150 nm range, which demonstrated advantages in pattern definition, spot homogeneity, and consistent spot delivery of different dyes (phloxine B and bromophenol blue) with diameters of several micrometres. The bromophenol blue arrays on HEMA support were used to detect the presence of bovine serum albumin (BSA). In the presence of BSA, …
Single Transcriptional And Translational Preq1 Riboswitches Adopt Similar Pre-Folded Ensembles That Follow Distinct Folding Pathways Into The Same Ligand-Bound Structure, Krishna C. Suddala, Arlie J. Rinaldi, Jun Feng, Anthony M. Mustoe, Catherine D. Eichhorn, Joseph A. Liberman, Joseph E. Wedekind, Hashim M. Al-Hashimi, Charles L. Brooks Iii, Nils G. Walter
Single Transcriptional And Translational Preq1 Riboswitches Adopt Similar Pre-Folded Ensembles That Follow Distinct Folding Pathways Into The Same Ligand-Bound Structure, Krishna C. Suddala, Arlie J. Rinaldi, Jun Feng, Anthony M. Mustoe, Catherine D. Eichhorn, Joseph A. Liberman, Joseph E. Wedekind, Hashim M. Al-Hashimi, Charles L. Brooks Iii, Nils G. Walter
Department of Chemistry: Faculty Publications
Riboswitches are structural elements in the 50 untranslated regions of many bacterial messenger RNAs that regulate gene expression in response to changing metabolite concentrations by inhibition of either transcription or translation initiation. The preQ1 (7-aminomethyl-7-deazaguanine) riboswitch family comprises some of the smallest metabolite sensing RNAs found in nature. Once ligand-bound, the transcriptional Bacillus subtilis and translational Thermoanaerobacter tengcongensis preQ1 riboswitch aptamers are structurally similar RNA pseudoknots; yet, prior structural studies have characterized their ligand-free conformations as largely unfolded and folded, respectively. In contrast, through single molecule observation, we now show that, at nearphysiological Mg2+ concentration and pH, …
Iodonium Cyclophanes For Secure Arene Functionalization, Stephen Dimagno
Iodonium Cyclophanes For Secure Arene Functionalization, Stephen Dimagno
Department of Chemistry: Faculty Publications
This disclosure relates to compounds, reagents, and methods useful in the synthesis of aryl fluorides, for example, in the preparation of 18F labeled radiotracers. For example, this disclosure provides universal “locked” aryl substituents that result in StereoElectronic Control of Unidirectional Reductive Elimination (SECURE) from diaryliodonium salts. The reagents and methods provided herein may be used to access a broad range of compounds, including aromatic compounds, heteroaromatic compounds, amino acids, nucleotides, and synthetic compounds.
Development Of Affinity Microcolumns For Drug–Protein Binding Studies In Personalized Medicine: Interactions Of Sulfonylurea Drugs With In Vivo Glycated Human Serum Albumin, Jeanethe Anguizola, K. S. Joseph, Omar S. Barnaby, Ryan Matsuda, Guadalupe Alvarado, William Clarke, Ronald Cerny, David S. Hage
Development Of Affinity Microcolumns For Drug–Protein Binding Studies In Personalized Medicine: Interactions Of Sulfonylurea Drugs With In Vivo Glycated Human Serum Albumin, Jeanethe Anguizola, K. S. Joseph, Omar S. Barnaby, Ryan Matsuda, Guadalupe Alvarado, William Clarke, Ronald Cerny, David S. Hage
David Hage Publications
This report used high-performance affinity microcolumns to examine the changes in binding by sulfonylurea drugs to in vivo glycated HSA that had been isolated from individual patients with diabetes. An immunoextraction approach was developed to isolate HSA and glycated HSA from clinical samples, using only 20 μL of plasma or serum and 6–12 nmol of protein to prepare each affinity microcolumn. It was found that the affinity microcolumns could be used in either frontal analysis or zonal elution studies, which typically required only 4–8 min per run. The microcolumns had good stability and allowed data to be obtained for multiple …
Sol-Gel Characteristics For Corrosion Resistance Of Anodised Aluminium, Michael Whelan, John Cassidy, Brendan Duffy
Sol-Gel Characteristics For Corrosion Resistance Of Anodised Aluminium, Michael Whelan, John Cassidy, Brendan Duffy
Articles
Conventional anodising electrolytes based on sulphuric acid, oxalic acid and phosphoric acid have been used to form nanoporous layers on AA3003-H14 and sealed with silane based sol-gel sealers. It is shown that the sol-gel chemistries have varying levels of pore penetration depending on the synthesis conditions. The extent of sol-gel penetration and pore sealing is analysed by electron microscopy and energy dispersive x-ray spectroscopy. To describe the sealing phenomena observed a sol-gel penetration and sealing rating has been proposed to explain the interactions of the sol-gels with the pores of the anodised layers. The corrosion resistance of the sol-gel sealed …
Turning Stealth Liposomes Into Cationic Liposomes For Anticancer Drug Delivery, Vijay Gyanani
Turning Stealth Liposomes Into Cationic Liposomes For Anticancer Drug Delivery, Vijay Gyanani
University of the Pacific Theses and Dissertations
Targeting the anticancer agents selectively to cancer cells is desirable to improve the efficacy and to reduce the side effects of anticancer therapy. Previously reported passive tumor targeting by PEGylated liposomes (stealth liposomes) have resulted in their higher tumor accumulation. However their interaction with cancer cells has been minimal due to the steric hindrance of the PEG coating. This dissertation reports two approaches to enhance the interaction of stealth liposomes with cancer cells. First, we designed a lipid-hydrazone-PEG conjugate that removes the PEG coating at acidic pH as in the tumor interstitium. However, such a conjugate was highly unstable on …
Supercharging: An Investigation Into The Effects Of External Amino Acid Residue Charge On The Solubility And Internal Electric Character Of Bound Ligands In A Heme-Binding De Novo-Designed Protein, Cooper French
Dissertations and Theses
De novo protein design offers many interesting prospects both as a means to better understand natural protein dynamics and as a potential resource in biomedical and industrial applications. In this work I describe the modification of a simple, well-characterized heme-binding protein by altering side chain residue identities on the hydrophilic surface of the protein to produce variants with a range of net external charges. These charge modifications had a significant impact on nearly every measurable character of the protein. This work establishes the hard limits of supercharging within our experimental protein scaffold system, demonstrating that excessive positive charge increased the …
New Applications Of Mass Spectrometry For Drug And Lipid Analysis, Elizabeth Lauren Emerson
New Applications Of Mass Spectrometry For Drug And Lipid Analysis, Elizabeth Lauren Emerson
Graduate Theses and Dissertations
Mass spectrometry is an important tool used in many different disciplines and settings that include forensics, drug discovery, environmental analysis, and proteomics. Gas chromatography - mass spectrometry (GC-MS) and matrix assisted laser desorption/ionization time-of-flight mass spectrometry (MALDI - TOF MS) are two of the most important instruments used for analysis of compounds. Chapters 1 and 2 of this discussion use GC-MS for the investigation of synthetic cannabinoids in `K2' incense products and the detection of metabolites in urine samples from individuals suspected of consuming these mixtures. Analytical standards were synthesized and used for identification and confirmation of structures. Detection of …
Restricted Access Media And Methods For Making Restricted Access Media, David S. Hage, Chunling Wa, Abby Jackson, Hai Xuan
Restricted Access Media And Methods For Making Restricted Access Media, David S. Hage, Chunling Wa, Abby Jackson, Hai Xuan
David Hage Publications
The present invention is directed to restricted access media (RAM), methods for preparing restricted access media, and kits for preparing restricted access media that contain protected ligand binding agents or protected enzymes. Certain RAM provided contain a plurality of protected regions of the Support that contain ligand binding agents that are protected by blocking agents. Certain RAM provided contain a plurality of protected regions of the support that contain unbound ligand binding agents or enzymes that are retained in the protected regions by a capping agent. Methods of making the RAM of the invention and associated kits are also provided.
Breast Tumour Initiating Cell Fate Is Regulated By Microenvironmental Cues From An Extracellular Matrix, Sharmistha Saha, Pang-Kuo Lo, Xinrui Duan, Hexin Chen, Qian Wang
Breast Tumour Initiating Cell Fate Is Regulated By Microenvironmental Cues From An Extracellular Matrix, Sharmistha Saha, Pang-Kuo Lo, Xinrui Duan, Hexin Chen, Qian Wang
Faculty Publications
Cancer stem cells, also known as tumour-initiating cells (TICs), are identified as highly tumorigenic population within tumours and hypothesized to be main regulators in tumour growth, metastasis and relapse. Evidence also suggests that a tumour microenvironment plays a critical role in the development and progression of cancer, by constantly modulating cell–matrix interactions. Scientists have tried to characterize and identify the TIC population but the actual combination of extracellular components in deciphering the fate of TICs has not been explored. The basic unanswered question is the phenotypic stability of this TIC population in a tissue extracellular matrix setting. The in vivo …
Reactions Of Methyl Perfluoroalkyl Ethers With Isopropyl Alcohol: Experimental And Theoretical Studies, Howard Knachel, Vladimir Benin, Chadwick Barklay, Janine C. Birkbeck, Billy D. Faubion, William E. Moddeman
Reactions Of Methyl Perfluoroalkyl Ethers With Isopropyl Alcohol: Experimental And Theoretical Studies, Howard Knachel, Vladimir Benin, Chadwick Barklay, Janine C. Birkbeck, Billy D. Faubion, William E. Moddeman
Chemistry Faculty Publications
The reaction of an isomeric mixture of the methyl perfluoroalkyl ether, C4F9OCH3 (Novec-7100), in the presence of isopropyl alcohol (IPA) and/or water has been studied by measuring the rate of product formation using an ion-selective electrode (ISE) for fluoride ion, Karl Fisher coulometric titrations for water, and 1H and 19F NMR spectroscopy for product identification and rate studies. The results showed the methyl perfluoroalkyl ether to be very stable with products forming at the rate of ∼1 ppm per year at a laboratory temperature of 20 °C. Measurements over the temperature range of 6° to 100 °C were made on …
Insights On Cytochrome P450 Enzymes And Inhibitors Obtained Through Qsar Studies, Jayalakshmi Sridhar, Jiawang Liu, Maryam Foroozesh, Cheryl Stevens L. Klein Stevens
Insights On Cytochrome P450 Enzymes And Inhibitors Obtained Through Qsar Studies, Jayalakshmi Sridhar, Jiawang Liu, Maryam Foroozesh, Cheryl Stevens L. Klein Stevens
Faculty and Staff Publications
The cytochrome P450 (CYP) superfamily of heme enzymes play an important role in the metabolism of a large number of endogenous and exogenous compounds, including most of the drugs currently on the market. Inhibitors of CYP enzymes have important roles in the treatment of several disease conditions such as numerous cancers and fungal infections in addition to their critical role in drug-drug interactions. Structure activity relationships (SAR), and three-dimensional quantitative structure activity relationships (3D-QSAR) represent important tools in understanding the interactions of the inhibitors with the active sites of the CYP enzymes. A comprehensive account of the QSAR studies on …
Discrimination Of Colon Cancer Stem Cells Using Noncanonical Amino Acid, Xinrui Duan, Honglin Li, Hexin Chen, Qian Wang
Discrimination Of Colon Cancer Stem Cells Using Noncanonical Amino Acid, Xinrui Duan, Honglin Li, Hexin Chen, Qian Wang
Faculty Publications
Cancer stem cells (CSCs) may be responsible for tumor recurrence. Metabolic labelling of newly synthesized proteins with non-canonical amino acids allows us to discriminate CSCs in mixed populations due to the quiescent nature of these cells.
Synthesis Of Methylene Γ-Lactones Using Carbon Dioxide, Bryan P. Ferrell, Shizue Mito, Giber Martinez, Intesar El-Feitouri
Synthesis Of Methylene Γ-Lactones Using Carbon Dioxide, Bryan P. Ferrell, Shizue Mito, Giber Martinez, Intesar El-Feitouri
COURI Symposium Abstracts, Summer 2012
Many industrial processes generate the greenhouse gas, carbon dioxide, as a byproduct. Carbon dioxide can be captured and recycled by using it in organic synthesis to prepare beneficial compounds. The goal of this project is to develop a new method of synthesizing methylene γ-lactones using CO2-metal complexes. Many gamma lactones are biologically active, and their synthesis is of importance to pharmaceutical and other industries. Allenes can react with a transition metal-CO2 complex. It is proposed that a titanium metal complex prepared with an aldehyde will bind to an allene, and a seven-membered ring forms as CO2 …