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Supernovae

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Absolute Magnitude Distributions And Light Curves Of Stripped-Envelope Supernovae, D. Richardson, D. Branch, E. Baron Apr 2006

Absolute Magnitude Distributions And Light Curves Of Stripped-Envelope Supernovae, D. Richardson, D. Branch, E. Baron

Faculty and Staff Publications

The absolute visual magnitudes of three Type IIb, 11 Type Ib, and 13 Type le supernovae (collectively known as stripped-envelope supernovae) are studied by collecting data on the apparent magnitude, distance, and interstellar extinction of each event. Weighted and unweighted mean absolute magnitudes of the combined sample, as well as various subsets of the sample, are reported. The limited sample size and the considerable uncertainties, especially those associated with extinction in the host galaxies, prevent firm conclusions regarding differences between the absolute magnitudes of supernovae of Types Ib and Ic, and regarding the existence of separate groups of over-luminous and …

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Signature Of Electron Capture In Iron‐Rich Ejecta Of Sn 2003du, Peter Hoflich, Christopher L. Gerardy, Ken-Ichi Nomoto, Kentaro Motohara, Robert A. Fesen Dec 2004

Signature Of Electron Capture In Iron‐Rich Ejecta Of Sn 2003du, Peter Hoflich, Christopher L. Gerardy, Ken-Ichi Nomoto, Kentaro Motohara, Robert A. Fesen

Dartmouth Scholarship

Late-time near-infrared and optical spectra of the normal-bright Type Ia supernova 2003du about 300 days after the explosion are presented. At this late epoch, the emission profiles of well-isolated [Fe II] lines (in particular that of the strong 1.644 μm feature) trace out the global kinematic distribution of radioactive material in the expanding supernova ejecta. In SN 2003du, the 1.644 μm [Fe II] line seems to show a flat-topped profile, indicative of a thick but hollow-centered expanding shell, rather than a strongly peaked profile that would be expected from a "center-filled" distribution. Based on detailed models for exploding Chandrasekhar-mass white …

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The Type Ia Supernova 1998bu In M96 And The Hubble Constant, Saurabh Jha, Peter M. Garnavich, Robert P. Kirshner, Peter Challis, Alicia M. Soderberg, Lucas M. Macri, John P. Huchra, Pauline Barmby, Elizabeth J. Barton, Perry Berlind, Warren R. Brown, Nelson Caldwell, Michael L. Calkins, Sheila J. Kannappan, Daniel M. Koranyi, Michael A. Pahre, Kenneth J. Rines, Krzysztof Z. Stanek, Robert P. Stefanik, Andrew H. Szentgyorgyi, Petri Vaisanen, Zhong Wang, Joseph M. Zajac, Adam G. Riess, Alexei V. Filippenko, Weidong Li, Maryam Modjaz, Richard R. Treffers, Carl W. Hergenrother, Eva K. Grebel, Patrick Seitzer, George H. Jacoby, Priscilla J. Benson, Akbar H. Rizvi '99, Laurence A. Marschall, Jeffrey D. Goldader, Matthew Beasley, William D. Vacca, Bruno Leibundgut, Jason Spyromilio, Brian P. Schmidt, Peter R. Wood Nov 1999

The Type Ia Supernova 1998bu In M96 And The Hubble Constant, Saurabh Jha, Peter M. Garnavich, Robert P. Kirshner, Peter Challis, Alicia M. Soderberg, Lucas M. Macri, John P. Huchra, Pauline Barmby, Elizabeth J. Barton, Perry Berlind, Warren R. Brown, Nelson Caldwell, Michael L. Calkins, Sheila J. Kannappan, Daniel M. Koranyi, Michael A. Pahre, Kenneth J. Rines, Krzysztof Z. Stanek, Robert P. Stefanik, Andrew H. Szentgyorgyi, Petri Vaisanen, Zhong Wang, Joseph M. Zajac, Adam G. Riess, Alexei V. Filippenko, Weidong Li, Maryam Modjaz, Richard R. Treffers, Carl W. Hergenrother, Eva K. Grebel, Patrick Seitzer, George H. Jacoby, Priscilla J. Benson, Akbar H. Rizvi '99, Laurence A. Marschall, Jeffrey D. Goldader, Matthew Beasley, William D. Vacca, Bruno Leibundgut, Jason Spyromilio, Brian P. Schmidt, Peter R. Wood

Physics and Astronomy Faculty Publications

We present optical and near-infrared photometry and spectroscopy of the Type Ia SN 1998bu in the Leo I Group galaxy M96 (NGC 3368). The data set consists of 356 photometric measurements and 29 spectra of SN 1998bu between UT 1998 May 11 and July 15. The well-sampled light curve indicates the supernova reached maximum light in B on UT 1998 May 19.3 (JD 2450952.8^0.8) with B\12.22^0.03 and V \11.88^0.02. Application of a revised version of the Multicolor Light Curve Shape (MLCS) method yields an extinction toward the supernova of AV\0.94^0.15 mag, and indicates the supernova was of average luminosity compared …

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Sanduleak's Star (Lmc Anonymous): Its Similarity In The Far-Ultraviolet With The Luminous Object N Carinae And Sn 1987a, A. G. Michalitsianos, Menas Kafatos, S. N. Shore Jan 1989

Sanduleak's Star (Lmc Anonymous): Its Similarity In The Far-Ultraviolet With The Luminous Object N Carinae And Sn 1987a, A. G. Michalitsianos, Menas Kafatos, S. N. Shore

Mathematics, Physics, and Computer Science Faculty Articles and Research

Spectra obtained in the far UV wavelength range 1200-2000 A with the International Ultraviolet Explorer (IUE) of the peculiar emission object LMC Anonymous, or Sanduleak's Star in the Large Magellanic Cloud, indicate the presence of circumstellar-high-excitation gas, which is rich in CNO processed material. Although LMC Anonymous is a field star whose nebular line-forming region can not be resolved, and whose mass may be considerably smaller than the massive-luminous galactic object η Carinae, the far-UV spectrum of LMC Anonymous closely resembles that of the S Condensation of η Carinae. The similarity between LMC Anonymous and the S Condensation is apparent …

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Supershells And Propagating Star Formation, R. Mccray, Menas Kafatos Jan 1987

Supershells And Propagating Star Formation, R. Mccray, Menas Kafatos

Mathematics, Physics, and Computer Science Faculty Articles and Research

Stellar winds and repeated supernovae from an OB association will create a cavity of coronal gas in the interstellar medium, with radius greater than 100 pc, surrounded by a dense, expanding shell of cool interstellar gas. If the association has a typical initial mass function, its supernovae explosions will inject energy into the supershell at a nearly constant rate for about 5 x 10^7 yr. The supershell loses its interior pressure and enters the snowplow phase when radiative cooling becomes important or when the shell bursts through the gas disk of a galaxy, typically after a few times 10^7 yr …

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Statistical Time-Dependent Model For The Interstellar Gas, H. Gerola, Menas Kafatos, R. Mccray Jan 1974

Statistical Time-Dependent Model For The Interstellar Gas, H. Gerola, Menas Kafatos, R. Mccray

Mathematics, Physics, and Computer Science Faculty Articles and Research

We present models for temperature and ionization structure of low, uniform-density (n ~ 0.3 cm^-3) interstellar gas in a galactic disk which is exposed to soft X-rays from supernova outbursts occurring randomly in space and time. The structure was calculated by computing the time record of temperature and ionization at a given point by Monte Carlo simulation. The calculation yields probability distribution functions for ionized fraction x, temperature T, and their various observable moments. These time-dependent models predict a bimodal temperature distribution of the gas with structure in x, T that agrees with various observations. Cold regions in the low-density …

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Fossil Stromgren Spheres From Supernova Explosions, Menas Kafatos, P. Morrison Jan 1971

Fossil Stromgren Spheres From Supernova Explosions, Menas Kafatos, P. Morrison

Mathematics, Physics, and Computer Science Faculty Articles and Research

Brandt ci at. have shown that consistency in the combined observations of the Gum Nebula requires a giant H ii region, presumably formed by the Vela X supernova explosion. Mouison and Sartori had concluded on the basis of their He ii fluorescence theory of Type I supernovae that a giant H ii region would be formed as result of the ultraviolet burst. (Bottcher ci at., by integrating over the light curve, expect a smaller H ii region.) We present here in brief some consequences of the fluorescence model as illustrated by the Vela X and the Tycho supernovae. We conclude …

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