Astrophysics and Astronomy Commons^™

Renormalization Scheme Dependence Of Β-Functions In Lorentz-Violating Quantum Field Theory, Sapan Karki, Brett David Altschul

Faculty Publications

Effective quantum field theories that allow for the possibility of Lorentz symmetry violation can sometimes also include redundancies of description in their Lagrangians. Explicit calculations in a Lorentz-violating generalization of Yukawa theory show that when this kind of redundancy exists, different renormalization schemes may lead to different expressions for the renormalization group β-functions, even at only one-loop order. However, the renormalization group scaling of physically observable quantities appears not to share this kind of scheme dependence.

Search For Subsolar-Mass Binaries In The First Half Of Advanced Ligo’S And Advanced Virgo’S Third Observing Run, R. Abbott, T. D. Abbott, F. Acernese, K. Ackley, Teviet Creighton, Mario C. Diaz, Francisco Llamas, Soma Mukherjee, Volker Quetschke, Wenhui Wang

Physics & Astronomy Faculty Publications

We report on a search for compact binary coalescences where at least one binary component has a mass between 0.2  M⊙ and 1.0  M⊙ in Advanced LIGO and Advanced Virgo data collected between 1 April 2019 1500 UTC and 1 October 2019 1500 UTC. We extend our previous analyses in two main ways: we include data from the Virgo detector and we allow for more unequal mass systems, with mass ratio q≥0.1. We do not report any gravitational-wave candidates. The most significant trigger has a false alarm rate of 0.14  yr−1. This implies an upper limit on the merger rate …

Improved Measurement Of Neutrino Oscillation Parameters By The Nova Experiment, M. A. Acero, P. Adamson, L. Aliaga, N. Anfimov, A. Antoshkin, E. Arrieta-Diaz, L. Asquith, A. Aurisano, A. Back, C. Backhouse, M. Baird, N. Balashov, P. Baldi, B. A. Bambah, S. Bashar, K. Bays, R. Bernstein, V. Bhatnagar, D. Bhattarai, B. Bhuyan, Roberto Petti, Et. Al.

Faculty Publications

We present new ν_μ → ν_e, ν_μ → ν_μ, ⊽ _μ →⊽ _e, and ⊽ _μ → ⊽ _μ oscillation measurements by the NOvA experiment, with a 50% increase in neutrino-mode beam exposure over the previously reported results. The additional data, combined with previously published neutrino and antineutrino data, are all analyzed using improved techniques and simulations. A joint fit to the ν_e, ν_μ, ⊽ _e, and ⊽ _μ candidate samples within the 3-flavor neutrino oscillation framework continues to yield a best-fit point in the normal mass …

Galactic Mass-To-Light Ratios With Superfluid Dark Matter, Tobias Mistele, Stacy S. Mcgaugh

Faculty Scholarship

Context. We make rotation curve fits to test the superfluid dark matter model. Aims. In addition to verifying that the resulting fits match the rotation curve data reasonably well, we aim to evaluate how satisfactory they are with respect to two criteria, namely, how reasonable the resulting stellar mass-to-light ratios are and whether the fits end up in the regime of superfluid dark matter where the model resembles modified Newtonian dynamics (MOND). Methods. We fitted the superfluid dark matter model to the rotation curves of 169 galaxies in the SPARC sample. Results. We found that the mass-to-light ratios obtained with …

Unlocking The Mystery Of Tev J2032+4130 Through Veritas Data, Devon J. Barros

Honors Program Theses and Projects

TeVJ2032+4130 is a high energy celestial object that emits Very High Energy (VHE) gamma rays and is located in the star forming region of the Cygnus constellation. It was first detected by the High Energy Gamma Ray Astronomy (HEGRA) experiment. Later observations from the Very Energetic Radiation Imaging Telescope Array System (VERITAS2014) were used to determine that the gamma-ray emission from the source could be coming from a Pulsar Wind Nebula (PWN) powered by a binary pulsar named PSR J2032+4127. For the PWN scenario, VERITAS predicted a cutoff in the gamma-ray spectrum above 10 TeV. Using ~33 hours of VERITAS …

Measurement Of The Branching Fractions Of The B+ →Ηâ "+Νâ " And B+ →Η′Â "+Νâ " Decays With Signal-Side Only Reconstruction In The Full Q2 Range, U. Gebauer, C. Beleño, A. Frey, I. Adachi, K. Adamczyk, H. Aihara, S. Al Said, D. M. Asner, H. Atmacan, T. Aushev, R. Ayad, V. Babu, S. Bahinipati, P. Behera, K. Belous, J. Bennett, M. Bessner, V. Bhardwaj, B. Bhuyan

Faculty and Student Publications

The branching fractions of the decays B+→ηâ "+νâ "and B+→η′â "+νâ "are measured, where â "is either an electron or a muon, using a data sample of 711 fb-1 containing 772×106BB¯ pairs collected at the I (4S) resonance with the Belle detector at the KEKB asymmetric-energy e+e-collider. To reduce the dependence of the result on the form factor model, the measurement is performed over the entire q2 range. The resulting branching fractions are B(B+→ηâ "+νâ ")=(2.83±0.55(stat.)±0.34(syst.))×10-5 and B(B+→η′â "+νâ ")=(2.79±1.29(stat.)±0.30(syst.))×10-5.

Improved Measurement Of Neutrino Oscillation Parameters By The Nova Experiment, M. A. Acero, P. Adamson, L. Aliaga, N. Anfimov, A. Antoshkin, E. Arrieta-Diaz, L. Asquith, A. Aurisano, A. Back, C. Backhouse, M. Baird, N. Balashov, P. Baldi, B. A. Bambah, S. Bashar, K. Bays, R. Bernstein, V. Bhatnagar, D. Bhattarai

Faculty and Student Publications

We present new νμ→νe, νμ→νμ, ν¯μ→ν¯e, and ν¯μ→ν¯μ oscillation measurements by the NOvA experiment, with a 50% increase in neutrino-mode beam exposure over the previously reported results. The additional data, combined with previously published neutrino and antineutrino data, are all analyzed using improved techniques and simulations. A joint fit to the νe, νμ, ν¯e, and ν¯μ candidate samples within the 3-flavor neutrino oscillation framework continues to yield a best-fit point in the normal mass ordering and the upper octant of the θ23 mixing angle, with Δm322=(2.41±0.07)×10-3 eV2 and sin2θ23=0.57-0.04+0.03. The data disfavor combinations of oscillation parameters that give rise to …

Tess Discovery Of A Sub-Neptune Orbiting A Mid-M Dwarf Toi-2136, T. Gan, A. Soubkiou, S. X. Wang, Z. Benkhaldoun, S. Mao, É. Artigau, P. Fouqué, L. Arnold, S. Giacalone, C. A. Theissen, C. Aganze, A. Burgasser, K. A. Collins, A. Shporer, K. Barkaoui, M. Ghachoui, S. B. Howell, C. Lamman, O. D. S. Demangeon, A. Burdanov, C. Cadieux, J. Chouqar, K. I. Collins, N. J. Cook, L. Delrez, B.-O. Demory, R. Doyon, G. Dransfield, C. D. Dressing, E. Ducrot, J. Fan, L. Garcia, H. Gill, M. Gillon, C. L. Gnilka, Y. Gómez Maqueo Chew, M. N. Günther, C. E. Henze, C. X. Huang, E. Jehin, Eric L.N. Jensen, Z. Lin, N. Manset, J. Mccormac, C. A. Murray, P. Niraula, P. P. Pedersen, F. J. Pozuelos, D. Queloz, B. V. Rackham, A. B. Savel, N. Schanche, R. P. Schwarz, D. Sebastian, S. Thompson, M. Timmermans, A. H. M. J. Triaud, M. Vezie, R. D. Wells, J. De Wit, G. R. Ricker, R. Vanderspek, D. W. Latham, S. Seager, J. N. Winn, J. M. Jenkins

Physics & Astronomy Faculty Works

We present the discovery of TOI-2136 b, a sub-Neptune planet transiting a nearby M4.5V-type star every 7.85 d, identified through photometric measurements from the Transiting Exoplanet Survey Satellite (TESS) mission. The host star is located 33 pc away with a radius of R* = 0.34 ± 0.02 R_⊙, a mass of 0.34 ± 0.02 M_⊙, and an effective temperature of 3342 ± 100 K. We estimate its stellar rotation period to be 75 ± 5 d based on archival long-term photometry. We confirm and characterize the planet based on a series of ground-based multiwavelength …

Near-Infrared Accretion Signatures From The Circumbinary Planetary-Mass Companion Delorme 1 (Ab)B, S. K. Betti, K. B. Follette, K. Ward-Duong, Y. Aoyama, G. D. Marleau, J. Bary, C. Robinson, M. Janson, W. Balmer, G. Chauvin, P. Palma-Bifani

Astronomy: Faculty Publications

Accretion signatures from bound brown dwarf and protoplanetary companions provide evidence for ongoing planet formation, and accreting substellar objects have enabled new avenues to study the astrophysical mechanisms controlling the formation and accretion processes. Delorme 1 (AB)b, a ?1/430-45 Myr circumbinary planetary-mass companion, was recently discovered to exhibit strong Hα emission. This suggests ongoing accretion from a circumplanetary disk, somewhat surprising given canonical gas disk dispersal timescales of 5-10 Myr. Here, we present the first NIR detection of accretion from the companion in Paβ, Pa?3, and Br?3 emission lines from SOAR/TripleSpec 4.1, confirming and further informing its accreting nature. The …

The Tess Grand Unified Hot Jupiter Survey. I. Ten Tess Planets, S. W. Yee, J. N. Winn, J. D. Hartman, J. E. Rodriguez, G. Zhou, S. N. Quinn, D. W. Latham, A. Bieryla, K. A. Collins, B. C. Addison, I. Angelo, K. Barkaoui, P. Benni, A. W. Boyle, R. Brahm, R. P. Butler, D. R. Ciardi, K. I. Collins, D. M. Conti, J. D. Crane, F. Dai, C. D. Dressing, J. D. Eastman, Z. Essack, R. Forés-Toribio, E. Furlan, T. Gan, S. Giacalone, H. Gill, E. Girardin, T. Henning, C. E. Henze, M. J. Hobson, J. Horner, A. W. Howard, S. B. Howell, C. X. Huang, H. Isaacson, J. M. Jenkins, Eric L.N. Jensen, A. Jordán, S. R. Kane, J. F. Kielkopf, S. Lasota, A. M. Levine, J. Lubin, A. W. Mann, B. Massey, K. K. Mcleod, M. W. Mengel, J. A. Muñoz, F. Murgas, E. Palle, P. Plavchan, A. Popowicz, D. J. Radford, G. R. Ricker, P. Rowden, B. S. Safonov, A. B. Savel, R. P. Schwarz, S. Seager, R. Sefako, A. Shporer, G. Srdoc, I. S. Strakhov, J. K. Teske, C. G. Tinney, D. Tyler, R. A. Wittenmyer, H. Zhang, C. Ziegler

Physics & Astronomy Faculty Works

Hot Jupiters—short-period giant planets—were the first extrasolar planets to be discovered, but many questions about their origin remain. NASA's Transiting Exoplanet Survey Satellite (TESS), an all-sky search for transiting planets, presents an opportunity to address these questions by constructing a uniform sample of hot Jupiters for demographic study through new detections and unifying the work of previous ground-based transit surveys. As the first results of an effort to build this large sample of planets, we report here the discovery of 10 new hot Jupiters (TOI-2193A b, TOI-2207b, TOI-2236b, TOI-2421b, TOI-2567b, TOI-2570b, TOI-3331b, TOI-3540A b, TOI-3693b, TOI-4137b). All of the planets …

Fermion-Induced Electroweak Symmetry Non-Restoration Via Temperature-Dependent Masses, Yu Hang Ng

Department of Physics and Astronomy: Dissertations, Theses, and Student Research

Standard Model (SM) and many extensions of SM predict that the electroweak (EW) symmetry was restored in the early universe when the temperature was around 160 GeV. However, recent studies showed that the interactions between some new scalars and SU(2)_L Higgs doublet(s) can cause the EW symmetry to remain broken at temperatures well above the EW scale in certain renormalizable extensions of SM. In this study, we found that new fermions from renormalizable models can also induce this EW symmetry non-restoration effect, provided that they have the appropriate temperature-dependent masses. These masses can arise naturally from the interactions between the …

Galapagos-2/Galfitm/Gama – Multi-Wavelength Measurement Of Galaxy Structure: Separating The Properties Of Spheroid And Disk Components In Modern Surveys, Boris Häußler, Marina Vika, Steven P. Bamford, Evelyn J. Johnston, Sarah Brough, Sarah Casura, Benne Holwerda, Lee S. Kelvin, Cristina Popescu

Faculty and Staff Scholarship

Aims. We present the capabilities of GALAPAGOS-2 and GALFITM in the context of fitting two-component profiles – bulge–disk decompositions – to galaxies, with the ultimate goal of providing complete multi-band, multi-component fitting of large samples of galaxies in future surveys. We also release both the code and the fit results to 234 239 objects from the DR3 of the GAMA survey, a sample significantly deeper than in previous works.

Methods. We use stringent tests on both simulated and real data, as well as comparison to public catalogues to evaluate the advantages of using multi-band over single-band data.

Results. We show …

The Pursuit For Gamma-Ray Emitting Pulsar Wind Nebulae With The Fermi-Large Area Telescope, Jordan Eagle

All Dissertations

Pulsar wind nebulae are highly magnetized particle winds, descending from core collapse supernovae (CC SNe), and each powered by an energetic, rapidly rotating neutron star. There are at least 125 Galactic pulsar wind nebulae (PWNe) that have been discovered from radio wavelengths to TeV gamma-rays, the majority of which were first identified in radio or X-ray surveys. An increasing number of PWNe are being identified in the TeV band by ground-based air Cherenkov Telescopes such as HESS, MAGIC, and VERITAS such that they constitute the dominant source class of Galactic TeV emitters. High-energy sources like PWNe may be responsible for …

Co Molecular Spectroscopy And Spectro-Astrometry Of Protoplanetary Disks, Stanley Jensen

All Dissertations

Until relatively recently, the only known planets were those in our own solar system (Mayor & Queloz, 1995). However modern instruments and techniques have revealed that planets are ubiquitous around main sequence stars over the last three decades. From this we have obtained a multitude of insights into planetary populations. For instance, while the terrestrial and gas giant planet types are both well accounted for in extra-solar systems, the arrangement of our own system with inner terrestrial planets and outer gas giants is not clearly the typical organization (van der Marel & Mulders, 2021). In fact we see that in …

The Cosmic History Of X-Ray Binary Evolution, Woodrow Gilbertson

Graduate Theses and Dissertations

The Chandra Deep Fields provide an extraordinary window into the high-energy history of the cosmos. Observations of non-active galaxies within the deep fields can be leveraged to extract information about the formation and evolution of X-ray binaries (XRBs). Previous studies have suggested that the evolution of XRB luminosity can be expressed a function of physical parameters such as star formation rate, stellar mass, stellar age, and metallicity. The goal of this work is to develop and implement a complete physical parameterization for the luminosity of XRB populations, which can be utilized for a variety of further studies.

Chapter 1 provides …

Understanding Martian Salts And Their Implications For Liquid Water, Rachel Slank

Graduate Theses and Dissertations

Water is one of the key components for life as we know it. The existence of salts on Mars has been a large contributing factor to the possibility of habitability, due to their ability to allow liquid water to remain stable at colder temperatures. Salts, including perchlorates, chlorates, and chlorides, have been detected by multiple landers, rovers, and orbiters, and are now believed to be ubiquitous on Mars. One of the pathways to liquid brine solutions is through deliquescence. Deliquescence is the transition from a solid salt crystal into an aqueous solution when exposed to a humid atmosphere. This research …

A Comparison Of Relict And Active Terrestrial Patterned Ground As An Analog For Mars, John Paul Knightly Jr.

Graduate Theses and Dissertations

Patterned ground is a ubiquitous landform in periglacial regions of Earth and is also present across the mid to high latitudes of Mars. The association of terrestrial patterned ground to the presence of subsurface water ice in the form of permafrost that develops a seasonal ‘wet’ active layer during the summer thaw prompted further investigation of patterned ground on Mars. The Phoenix spacecraft was sent to the surface of the north polar plains of Mars to investigate an area of patterned ground where water ice was predicted to occur. The confirmation of subsurface water ice at the Phoenix landing site …

Polar Alignment Of Massive Retrograde Circumbinary Discs, Charles Abod

UNLV Theses, Dissertations, Professional Papers, and Capstones

To understand the observed circumbinary planetary systems, we must first explain the dynamics of the circumbinary discs in which they formed. Observations of circumbinary discs show that misalignments to the binary orbital plane may be common. Here we investigate these systems by exploring the orbital dynamics of three-body systems and circumbinary discs. A test particle orbit around an eccentric binary has two stationary states in which there is no nodal precession: coplanar and polar. Nodal precession of a misaligned test particle orbit centres on one of these stationary states. A low mass circumbinary disc undergoes the same precession and moves …

The Total Solar Eclipse Of 1869 In Iowa: What Remains Today, Jacob P. Baskin

Summer Undergraduate Research Program (SURP) Symposium

On August 7th, 1869, a total solar eclipse was visible in the United States. It carved a path through the heartland, nearly bisecting the state of Iowa as it ran from the northwest corner of the state, through Des Moines, and down through the southeast. As the scientists of the day flocked from universities and observatories on the east coast to the Midwest for a chance to make observations and measurements, many of the teams chose to set up in Iowa. Along the path of the eclipse, the parties built temporary observatories to house their telescopes, or simply picked buildings …

Revisit Of Open Clusters Upk 39, Upk 41 And Phoc 39 : A New Binary Open Cluster Found, Xianhao Ye, Terry D. Oswalt, Jingkun Zhao, Yong Yang, Gang Zhao

Publications

We investigate the three open clusters near Aquila Rift cloud, named as UPK 39 (c1 hereafter), UPK 41 (c2 hereafter) in Sim et al. (2019) and PHOC 39 (c3 hereafter) in Hunt & Reffert (2021), respectively. Using photometric passpands, reddening, and extinction from Gaia DR3, we construct the color-absolute-magnitude diagram (CAMD). Using isochrone fits their ages are estimated as 6.3 ± 0.9, 8.1 ± 1.4 and 21.8 ± 2.2 Myr, respectively. Their proper motions and radial velocities, estimated using data from Gaia and LAMOST are very similar. From their orbits, relative distances among them at different times, kinematics, ages, and …

Hydroponically Growing A Holistic Superfood Diet For Mars Exploration, Marianna Pezzella, Ruben A. Rosa Polonia

Beyond: Undergraduate Research Journal

In “Hydroponically Growing a Holistic Superfood Diet for Mars Exploration,” Project H.O.M.E. members conducted an experiment to help determine ways to provide future astronauts with a complete, balanced diet on a planet that does not receive as much sunlight as Earth. Sending massive amounts of food into space is incredibly expensive, takes up valuable spacecraft area, and is, overall, not a feasible way to provide astronauts with sustenance. Project H.O.M.E. has thus developed a hydroponic system to evaluate the growth and yield of various superfoods - including Moringa Oleifera, goji berries, and kale - under simulated Mars lighting conditions. Data …

Phase Transitions And Resilience Of The Magnetic Dual Chiral Density Wave Phase At Finite Temperature And Density, William Gyory, Vivian De La Incera

Physics & Astronomy Faculty Publications

We study the phase transitions at finite temperature and density of the magnetic dual chiral density wave (MDCDW) phase. This spatially inhomogeneous phase emerges in cold, dense QCD in the presence of a strong magnetic field. Starting from the generalized Ginzburg-Landau (GL) expansion of the free energy, we derive several analytical formulas that enable fast numerical computation of the expansion coefficients to arbitrary order, allowing high levels of precision in the determination of the physical dynamical parameters, as well as in the transition curves in the temperature vs chemical potential plane at different magnetic fields. At magnetic fields and temperatures …

Hst/Wfc3 Hα Direct-Imaging Detection Of A Pointlike Source In The Disk Cavity Of Ab Aur, Yifan Zhou, Aniket Sanghi, Brendan P. Bowler, Ya-Lin Wu, Laird M. Close, Feng Long, Kimberly Ward-Duong, Zhaohuan Zhu, Adam L. Kraus, Jaehan Bae

Astronomy: Faculty Publications

No abstract provided.

Deep Extragalactic Visible Legacy Survey (Devils): The Emergence Of Bulges And Decline Of Disc Growth Since Z = 1, Abdolhosein Hashemizadeh, Simon P. Driver, Luke J M Davies, Aaron S G Robotham, Sabine Bellstedt, Caroline Foster, Benne Holwerda, Matt Jarvis, Steven Phillipps, Malgorzata Siudek, Jessica E. Thorne, Rogier A. Windhorst, Christian Wolf

Faculty and Staff Scholarship

We present a complete structural analysis of the ellipticals (E), diffuse bulges (dB), compact bulges (cB), and discs (D) within a redshift range 0 < z < 1, and stellar mass log₁₀(M_*/M_⊙) ≥ 9.5 volume-limited sample drawn from the combined DEVILS and HST-COSMOS region. We use the PROFIT code to profile over ∼35 000 galaxies for which visual classification into single or double component was pre-defined in Paper-I. Over this redshift range, we see a growth in the total stellar mass density (SMD) of a factor of 1.5. At all epochs we find that the dominant structure, contributing to the …

The Disk Of Fu Orionis Viewed With Matisse/Vlti: First Interferometric Observations In L And M Bands, Foteini Lykou, P. Ábrahám, L. Chen, J. Varga, Á. Kóspál, A. Matter, M. Siwak, Zs. M. Szabo, Z. Zhu, H. B. Liu, B. Lopez, F. Allouche, J.-C. Augereau, P. Berio, P. Cruzalebes, C. Dominik, Th Henning, K.-H. Hofmann, M. Hogerheijde, W. J. Jaffe, E. Kokulina, S. Lagarde, A. Meilland, F. Millour, E. Pantin, R. Petrov, S. Robbe-Dubois, D. Schertl, M. Scheuck, R. Van Boekel, L. B. F. M. Waters, G. Weigelt, S. Wolf

Physics & Astronomy Faculty Research

Aims. We studied the accretion disk of the archetypal eruptive young star FU Orionis with the use of mid-infrared interferometry, which enabled us to resolve the innermost regions of the disk down to a spatial resolution of 3 milliarcseconds (mas) in the L band, that is, within 1 au of the protostar. Methods. We used the interferometric instrument MATISSE/VLTI to obtain observations of FU Ori’s disk in the L, M, and N bands with multiple baseline configurations. We also obtained contemporaneous photometry in the optical (UBVRIri ; SAAO and Konkoly Observatory) and near-infrared (JHKs; NOT). Our results were compared with …

Scintillation Light Detection In The 6-M Drift-Length Protodune Dual Phase Liquid Argon Tpc, A. Abed, B. Abi, R. Acciarri, M. A. Acero, M. R. Adames, G. Adamov, M. Adamowski, D. Adams, M. Adinolfi, A. Aduszkiewicz, J. Aguilar, Z. Ahmad, J. Ahmed, B. Aimard, B. Ali-Mohammadzadeh, T. Alion, K. Allison, S. Alonso Monsalve, M. Alrashed, C. Alt, Roberto Petti, Sanjib R. Mishra Ph.D., Et. Al.

Faculty Publications

DUNE is a dual-site experiment for long-baseline neutrino oscillation studies, neutrino astrophysics and nucleon decay searches. ProtoDUNE Dual Phase (DP) is a 6×6×6 m³ liquid argon time-projection-chamber (LArTPC) that recorded cosmic-muon data at the CERN Neutrino Platform in 2019–2020 as a prototype of the DUNE Far Detector. Charged particles propagating through the LArTPC produce ionization and scintillation light. The scintillation light signal in these detectors can provide the trigger for non-beam events. In addition, it adds precise timing capabilities and improves the calorimetry measurements. In ProtoDUNE-DP, scintillation and electroluminescence light produced by cosmic muons in the LArTPC is collected …

Reducing Leakage Current And Enhancing Polarization In Multiferroic 3d Super-Nanocomposites By Microstructure Engineering, Erik Enriquez, Ping Lu, Leigang Li, Bruce Zhang, Haiyan Wang, Quanxi Jia, Aiping Chen

Physics & Astronomy Faculty Publications

Multiferroic materials have generated great interest due to their potential as functional device materials. Nanocomposites have been increasingly used to design and generate new functionalities by pairing dissimilar ferroic materials, though the combination often introduces new complexity and challenges unforeseeable in single-phase counterparts. The recently developed approaches to fabricate 3D super-nanocomposites (3D‐sNC) open new avenues to control and enhance functional properties. In this work, we develop a new 3D‐sNC with CoFe2O4 (CFO) short nanopillar arrays embedded in BaTiO3 (BTO) film matrix via microstructure engineering by alternatively depositing BTO:CFO vertically-aligned nanocomposite layers and single-phase BTO layers. This microstructure engineering method allows …

The Photoionization Dynamics, Electronic Spectroscopy, And Excited State Photochemistry Of Alco And Aloc, Vincent J. Esposito, Joseph S. Francisco

Biology, Chemistry, and Environmental Sciences Faculty Articles and Research

The high cosmic abundance of carbon monoxide (CO) and the ubiquitous nature of aluminum-coated dust grains sets the stage for the production of weakly bound triatomic molecules AlCO (X ²Π) and AlOC (X ²Π) in circumstellar envelopes of evolved stars. Following desorption of cold AlCO and AlOC from the dust grain surface, incoming stellar radiation in the 2–9 eV wavelength range (visible to vacuum ultraviolet) will drive various photochemical processes. Ionization to the singlet cation state will cause an immediate Al–X (X = C, O) bond dissociation to form Al⁺ (¹S) and CO (X ^{1 …}

Asymmetric Localization Of Light By Second-Harmonic Generation, Hamed Ghaemi-Dizicheh, Amir Targholizadeh, Bao-Feng Feng, Hamidreza Ramezani

Physics & Astronomy Faculty Publications

We introduce a nonlinear photonic system that enables asymmetric localization and unidirectional transfer of an electromagnetic wave through the second-harmonic generation process. Our proposed scattering setup consists of a noncentrosymmetric nonlinear slab with nonlinear susceptibility χ(2) placed to the left side of a one-dimensional periodic linear photonic crystal with an embedded defect. We engineered the linear lattice to allow the localization of a selected frequency 2ω⋆ while frequency ω⋆ is in the gap. Thus in our proposed scattering setup, a left-incident coherent transverse electric wave with frequency ω⋆ partially converts to frequency 2ω⋆ and becomes localized at the defect layer …

Exploring The Effect Of Baryons On The Radial Distribution Of Satellite Galaxies With Gama And Illustristng, Stephen D. Riggs, Jon Loveday, Peter A. Thomas, Annalisa Pillepich, Dylan Nelson, Benne W. Holwerda

Faculty and Staff Scholarship

We explore the radial distribution of satellite galaxies in groups in the Galaxy and Mass Assembly (GAMA) survey and the IllustrisTNG simulations. Considering groups with masses 12.0≤log10⁡(Mh/h−1M⊙)<14.8" role="presentation" style="box-sizing: border-box; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; border: 0px; font-variant: inherit; font-stretch: inherit; line-height: normal; font-family: inherit; vertical-align: baseline; display: inline; word-spacing: normal; overflow-wrap: normal; white-space: nowrap; float: none; direction: ltr; max-width: none; max-height: none; min-width: 0px; min-height: 0px; position: relative;">12.0≤log10(Mh/h−1M⊙)<14.812.0≤log10⁡(Mh/h−1M⊙)<14.8 at z < 0.267, we find a good agreement between GAMA and a sample of TNG300 groups and galaxies designed to match the GAMA selection. Both display a flat profile in the centre of groups, followed by a decline that becomes steeper towards the group edge, and normalized profiles show no dependence on group mass. Using matched satellites from TNG and dark matter-only TNG-Dark runs we investigate the effect of baryons on satellite radial location. At z = 0, we find that the matched subhaloes from the TNG-Dark runs display a much flatter radial profile: namely, satellites selected above a minimum stellar mass exhibit both smaller halocentric distances and longer survival times in the full-physics simulations compared to their dark-matter only analogues. We then divide the TNG satellites into those which possess TNG-Dark counterparts and those which do not, and develop models for the radial positions of …