Other Applied Mathematics Commons^™

A Periodic Matrix Population Model For Monarch Butterflies, Emily Hunt

Senior Honors Projects, 2010-2019

The migration pattern of the monarch butterfly (Danaus plexippus) consists of a sequence of generations of butterflies that originate in Michoacan, Mexico each spring, travel as far north as Southern Canada, and ultimately return to the original location in Mexico the following fall. We use periodic population matrices to model the life cycle of the eastern monarch butterfly and find that, under this model, this migration is not currently at risk. We extend the model to address the three primary obstacles for the long-term survival of this migratory pattern: deforestation in Mexico, increased extreme weather patterns, and milkweed degradation.

On A Nonlinear Hyperbolic Partial Differential Equation With Irregular Data, Victor D´Evou´E

Applications and Applied Mathematics: An International Journal (AAM)

The main purpose of this paper is to study the existence and properties of solutions of a certain nonlinear non-Lipschitz hyperbolic partial differential equation in two independent variables with irregular data. Using regularization techniques, we give a meaning to this problem by replacing it by a tow parameters family of Lipschitz regular problems. We prove existence and uniqueness of the solution in an appropriate algebra of generalized functions and we precise how it depends on the choices made. We study the relationship with the classical solution.

A Semiparametric Estimation For Regression Functions In The Partially Linear Autoregressive Time Series Model, R. Farnoosh, M. Hajebi, S. J. Mortazavi

Applications and Applied Mathematics: An International Journal (AAM)

In this paper, a semiparametric method is proposed for estimating regression function in the partially linear autoregressive time series model . Here, we consider a combination of parametric forms and nonlinear functions, in which the errors are independent. Semiparametric and nonparametric curve estimation provides a useful tool for exploring and understanding the structure of a nonlinear time series data set to make for a more efficient study in the partially linear autoregressive model. The unknown parameters are estimated using the conditional nonlinear least squares method, and the nonparametric adjustment is also estimated by defining and minimizing the local L2 -fitting …

Modelling The Dynamics Of A Renewable Resource Under Harvesting With Taxation As A Control Variable, B. Dubey, Atasi Patra, S. K. Sahani

Applications and Applied Mathematics: An International Journal (AAM)

The present paper describes a model of resource biomass and population with a non-linear catch rate function on resource biomass. The harvesting effort is assumed to be a dynamical variable. Tax on per unit harvested resource biomass is used as a tool to control exploitation of the resource. Pontryagin’s Maximum Principle is used to find the optimal control to maintain the resource biomass and population at an optimal level. A numerical simulation is also carried out to support the analytical results.

Approximation Of The Scattering Amplitude Using Nonsymmetric Saddle Point Matrices, Amber Sumner Robertson

Master's Theses

In this thesis we look at iterative methods for solving the primal (Ax = b) and dual (A^T y = g) systems of linear equations to approximate the scattering amplitude defined by g^Tx =y^Tb. We use a conjugate gradient-like iteration for a unsymmetric saddle point matrix that is contructed so as to have a real positive spectrum. We find that this method is more consistent than known methods for computing the scattering amplitude such as GLSQR or QMR. Then, we use techniques from "matrices, moments, and quadrature" to compute the scattering amplitude …

Partitioning Bipartite Graphs: A Modified Louvain, Emily Diana

Yale Day of Data

Abstract

How do we find communities in a graph? How does this change if the graph is bipartite? The Louvain method maximizes links within communities and minimizes those between in order to determine an optimal grouping. Yet, because it may fail when bipartite restrictions are introduced, we have adjusted the null model so as to improve performance in these conditions.

Conclusion

Our Bipartite Louvain is more robust with respect to permutations of vertices than the standard Louvain. For our synthetic examples, Bipartite Louvain typically yields a higher modularity and uncovers the ground truth communities with a higher probability. In the …

The Neural Ring: Using Algebraic Geometry To Analyze Neural Codes, Nora Youngs

Department of Mathematics: Dissertations, Theses, and Student Research

Neurons in the brain represent external stimuli via neural codes. These codes often arise from stimulus-response maps, associating to each neuron a convex receptive field. An important problem confronted by the brain is to infer properties of a represented stimulus space without knowledge of the receptive fields, using only the intrinsic structure of the neural code. How does the brain do this? To address this question, it is important to determine what stimulus space features can - in principle - be extracted from neural codes. This motivates us to define the neural ring and a related neural ideal, algebraic objects …

The Generalized Laguerre Matrix Method Or Solving Linear Differential-Difference Equations With Variable Coefficients, Z. K. Bojdi, S. Ahmadi-Asl, A. Aminataei

Applications and Applied Mathematics: An International Journal (AAM)

In this paper, a new and efficient approach based on the generalized Laguerre matrix method for numerical approximation of the linear differential-difference equations (DDEs) with variable coefficients is introduced. Explicit formulae which express the generalized Laguerre expansion coefficients for the moments of the derivatives of any differentiable function in terms of the original expansion coefficients of the function itself are given in the matrix form. In the scheme, by using this approach we reduce solving the linear differential equations to solving a system of linear algebraic equations, thus greatly simplify the problem. In addition, several numerical experiments are given to …

Reichenbach Fuzzy Set Of Transitivity, Samina Ashraf, Muhammad A. Javed

Applications and Applied Mathematics: An International Journal (AAM)

Fuzzy implicators are the basic ingredients of many applications. So it becomes essential to study the various features of an implicator before implementing it in any practical application. This paper discusses the properties of transitivity of a fuzzy relation on a given universe and measure of fuzzy transitivity defined in terms of the Reichenbach fuzzy implicator which is an s-implicator.

Closed-Range Composition Operators On Weighted Bergman Spaces And Applications, Shanda Renee Fulmer

Graduate Theses and Dissertations

We will discuss necessary and sufficient conditions for a Composition Operator to be closed range on the weighted Bergman spaces. The function phi is an analytic self map of the unit disk and our results extend those previously intended for the classical Bergman space. We will also give applications.

High Frequency Data: Modeling Durations Via The Acd And Log Acd Models, Lilian Cheung

Honors Scholar Theses

This thesis proposes a method of finding initial parameter estimates in the Log ACD₁ model for use in recursive estimation. The recursive estimating equations method is applied to the Log ACD₁ model to find recursive estimates for the unknown parameters in the model. A literature review is provided on the ACD and Log ACD models, and on the theory of estimating equations. Monte Carlo simulations indicate that the proposed method of finding initial parameter estimates is viable. The parameter estimation process is demonstrated by fitting an ACD model and a Log ACD model to a set of IBM …

Combinatorial And Algebraic Coding Techniques For Flash Memory Storage, Kathryn A. Haymaker

Department of Mathematics: Dissertations, Theses, and Student Research

Error-correcting codes are used to achieve reliable and efficient transmission when storing or sending information across a noisy channel. This thesis investigates a mathematical approach to coding techniques for storage devices such as flash memory storage, although many of the resulting codes and coding schemes can be applied in other contexts. The main contributions of this work include the design of efficient codes and decoding algorithms using discrete structures such as graphs and finite geometries, and developing a variety of strategies for adapting codes to a multi-level setting.

Information storage devices are prone to errors over time, and the frequency …

Evolution Of Perturbations In Flow Field Mechanics, Samantha R. Bell, David Forliti, Nils Sedano, Kriss Vanderhyde

STAR Program Research Presentations

This project explores the stability analysis of a given flow field. Specifically, where the peak disturbance occurs in a flow as this is the disturbance that is most likely to occur. In rocket combustion, it is important to understand where the maximum disturbance occurs so that the mixing of fuel can be stabilized. The instabilities are the results of frequencies in the area surrounding the flow field. The linear stability governing equations are employed to better understand the disturbance. The governing equations for continuity and momentum in the x and y directions are used to form an equation for the …

Fast Algorithms For Analyzing Partially Ranked Data, Matthew Mcdermott

HMC Senior Theses

Imagine your local creamery administers a survey asking their patrons to choose their five favorite ice cream flavors. Any data collected by this survey would be an example of partially ranked data, as the set of all possible flavors is only ranked into subsets of the chosen flavors and the non-chosen flavors. If the creamery asks you to help analyze this data, what approaches could you take? One approach is to use the natural symmetries of the underlying data space to decompose any data set into smaller parts that can be more easily understood. In this work, I describe …

A Non-Erasable Magnetic Memory Based On The Magnetic Permeability, J R. Petrie, K A. Wieland, R A. Burke, G A. Newburgh, J E. Burnette, G A. Fisher, A S. Edelstein

United States Army: Publications

A non-erasable memory based on using differences in the magnetic permeability is demonstrated. The method can potentially store information indefinitely. Initially the high permeability bits were 10–50 μm wide lines of sputtered permalloy (Ni₈₁Fe₁₉) on a glass substrate. In a second writing technique a continuous film of amorphous, high permeability ferromagnetic Metglas (Fe78Si13Bg) was sputtered onto a similar glass substrate. Low permeability, crystalline 50 Jlm wide lines were then written in the film by laser heating. Both types of written media were read by applying an external probe field that is locally modified by the permeability …

Generating Surfaces Of Variable Eccentricity Within A Ray Tracer, Joshua A. Smith

College of Graduate Studies: Theses & Dissertations

Polynomial surfaces used in ray tracing have recently been improved upon allowing for three dimensional applications. Among these are surfaces that have a varying eccentricity. This paper will discuss a method for finding real roots of polynomials [allowing us to create these surfaces]. First, we will give the reader a basic comprehension of the workings of a ray tracer, a general understanding of three dimensional polynomial surfaces, how this newly implemented root finder functions, and how these concepts enable us to create surfaces of variable eccentricity. Then, examples will be provided to demonstrate the capabilities of the program.

Area Based Fan Beam Projection Model For Computed Tomography, Phillip J. Stevens

Phi Kappa Phi Research Symposium (Archived)

Computed tomography (CT) is image reconstruction of objects using computer processed transmission or reflection data, usually referred to as projection data, from x-ray scanning. This projection data is often modeled using line integrals, but x-rays are of finite width in reality, so the accuracy of the projection data can be improved if an area based approach is used instead. In addition emitter beam shapes affect the reconstruction effectiveness and data collection efficiency, with the two main types of beam choice for 2-D scanning being fan beam and parallel beam. Fan beam scanning offers some advantages over parallel beam, such as …

Communicative Universal Convertibility Matter-Energy-Information, Florentin Smarandache, Stefan Vladutescu

Branch Mathematics and Statistics Faculty and Staff Publications

The research aims to reveal and prove the thesis of the neutral and convertibility relationship between constituent constructive elements of the universe: matter, energy and information. The approach perspective is a computationally-communicative-neutrosophic one. We configure a coherent and cohesive ideation line. Matter, energy and information are fundamental elements of the world. Among them, there is an inextricable multiple, elastic and evolutionary connection. The elements are defined by the connections between them. Our hypothesis is that the relationship between matter, energy and information is a neutral one. This relationship is not required by the evidence. At this level, it does not …

Collected Papers, Vol. V, Florentin Smarandache

Branch Mathematics and Statistics Faculty and Staff Publications

No abstract provided.

Solving Diophantine Equations, Florentin Smarandache, Octavian Cira

Branch Mathematics and Statistics Faculty and Staff Publications

In recent times, we witnessed an explosion of Number Theory problems that are solved using mathematical software and powerful computers. The observation that the number of transistors packed on integrated circuits doubles every two years made by Gordon E. Moore in 1965 is still accurate to this day. With ever increasing computing power more and more mathematical problems can be tacked using brute force. At the same time the advances in mathematical software made tools like Maple, Mathematica, Matlab or Mathcad widely available and easy to use for the vast majority of the mathematical research community. This tools don’t only …

New Operations Over Interval Valued Intuitionistic Hesitant Fuzzy Set, Florentin Smarandache, Said Broumi

Branch Mathematics and Statistics Faculty and Staff Publications

Hesitancy is the most common problem in decision making, for which hesitant fuzzy set can be considered as a useful tool allowing several possible degrees of membership of an element to a set. Recently, another suitable means were defined by Zhiming Zhang [1], called interval valued intuitionistic hesitant fuzzy sets, dealing with uncertainty and vagueness, and which is more powerful than the hesitant fuzzy sets. In this paper, four new operations are introduced on interval-valued intuitionistic hesitant fuzzy sets and several important properties are also studied.

Material Tensors And Pseudotensors Of Weakly-Textured Polycrystals With Orientation Measure Defined On The Orthogonal Group, Wenwen Du

Theses and Dissertations--Mathematics

Material properties of polycrystalline aggregates should manifest the influence of crystallographic texture as defined by the orientation distribution function (ODF). A representation theorem on material tensors of weakly-textured polycrystals was established by Man and Huang (2012), by which a given material tensor can be expressed as a linear combination of an orthonormal set of irreducible basis tensors, with the components given explicitly in terms of texture coefficients and a number of undetermined material parameters. Man and Huang's theorem is based on the classical assumption in texture analysis that ODFs are defined on the rotation group SO(3), which strictly speaking makes …

Block Kaczmarz Method With Inequalities, Jonathan Briskman

CMC Senior Theses

The Kaczmarz method is an iterative algorithm that solves overdetermined systems of linear equalities. This paper studies a system of linear equalities and inequalities. We use the block version of the Kaczmarz method applied towards the equalities with the simple randomized Kaczmarz scheme for the inequalities. This primarily involves combining Needell and Tropp's work on the block Kaczmarz method with the application of a randomized Kaczmarz approach towards a system of equalities and inequalities performed by Leventhal and Lewis. We give an expected linear rate of convergence for this kind of system and find that using the block Kaczmarz scheme …

Structure Vs. Properties Using Chemical Graph Theory, Tabitha N. Williford

College of Graduate Studies: Theses & Dissertations

Chemical graph theory began as a way for mathematicians to bring together the areas of the Physical Sciences and Mathematics. Through its use, mathematicians are able to model chemical systems, predict their properties as well as structure-property relationships. In this dissertation, we consider two questions involving chemical graph theory and its applications. We first look at tree-like polyphenyl systems, which form an important family of compounds in Chemistry, particularly in Material Science. The importance can be seen in LEDs, transmitters, and electronics. In recent years, many extremal results regarding such systems under specific constraints have been reported. More specifically are …

A Pollination Network Of Cornus Florida, James H. Lee

Theses and Dissertations

From the agent-based, correlated random walk model presented, we observe the effects of varying the parameter values of maximum insect turning area, ��_max, density of trees, ω, maximum pollen carryover, ��_max, and probability of fertilization, P_��, on the distribution of pollen within a population of Cornus florida (flowering dogwood). We see that varying ��_max and ��_max changes the dispersal distance of pollen, which greatly affects many measures of connectivity. The clustering coefficient of fathers is maximized when ��_max is between 60° and 90°. Varying ω does not have a major …