Physical Sciences and Mathematics Commons^™

Application Of Machine Learning Techniques In Credit Card Fraud Detection, Ronish Shakya

UNLV Theses, Dissertations, Professional Papers, and Capstones

Credit card fraud is an ever-growing problem in today’s financial market. There has been a rapid increase in the rate of fraudulent activities in recent years causing a substantial financial loss to many organizations, companies, and government agencies. The numbers are expected to increase in the future, because of which, many researchers in this field have focused on detecting fraudulent behaviors early using advanced machine learning techniques. However, the credit card fraud detection is not a straightforward task mainly because of two reasons: (i) the fraudulent behaviors usually differ for each attempt and (ii) the dataset is highly imbalanced, i.e., …

Estimation Of The Parameters In A Spatial Regressive-Autoregressive Model Using Ord's Eigenvalue Method, Sajib Mahmud Mahmud Tonmoy

UNLV Theses, Dissertations, Professional Papers, and Capstones

In this thesis, we study one of Ord's (1975) global spatial regression models.

Ord considered spatial regressive-autoregressive models to describe the interaction

between location and a response variable in the presence of several covariates. He also

developed a practical estimation method for the parameters of this regression model

using the eigenvalues of a weight matrix that captures the contiguity of locations.

We review the theoretical aspects of his estimation method and implement it in the

statistical package R.

We also implement Ord's methods on the Columbus, Ohio, crime data set from the

year 1980, which involves the crime rate of …

Cassava Farming Practices And Their Agricultural And Environmental Impacts: A Systematic Map Protocol, Gorm E. Shackelford, Neal R. Haddaway, Hope O. Usieta, Pieter Pypers, Silviu O. Petrovan, William J. Sutherland

All Peer-Reviewed Publications

Background: Cassava (Manihot esculenta) is a staple crop that is important for food security in the tropics. However, cassava farming can have severe environmental impacts, such as habitat destruction and soil degradation, if it is not carefully managed. Therefore, a wide range of agricultural and environmental outcomes should be considered when cassava farming practices are recommended as "good agricultural practices". We propose a systematic map of research on cassava farming practices and their impacts on yield, quality, profitability, soil, water, wildlife, pathogens, pests, weeds, and other agricultural and environmental outcomes. This map will improve our knowledge of the multifunctionality of …

Triple Bottom Line As A Method To Increase Business Value And Foster Positive Social And Environmental Change, Jayleene West

Master's Theses

The Triple Bottom Line (TBL) business model has transformed the business world by changing the way businesses operate. By focusing on the people and the environment, businesses have grown to see substantial profit and avoid risks along the way. Companies are using the TBL to build their brand and customer loyalty by enhancing the environment and society. This paper analyzes four companies that are leaders in their industry and are founded on the TBL; Seventh Generation, New Belgium Brewing, Patagonia, and Ben & Jerry’s. Recommendations have been made by performing a literature review on the advantages and disadvantages of the …

The Use Of Chemical Element Fingerprints To Investigate The Transformation Of Lake Sediments To Land Soils In Drying Lakes: A Case Study At Lake Mead, Nevada, Ji Hye Park

UNLV Theses, Dissertations, Professional Papers, and Capstones

Drying lakes are a worldwide catastrophe. The goals of this dissertation research were (1) to investigate whether chemical fingerprints of lake sediments, and nearby land soils, could be established by the analysis of 44 chemical elements, moisture content, Eh, pH, and leachable anions and if so, (2) whether the fingerprints could help explain the process of physical and chemical changes in the lake sediments as they became soils when the lake's water level fell and the anoxic sediments were exposed to the air and weather.

Lake Mead was chosen to model drying lakes because its water level has fallen over …

Bayesian Model Comparisons In Planetary Science, John Henry Boisvert

UNLV Theses, Dissertations, Professional Papers, and Capstones

Model comparison in the modern era allows us to use statistical methods that were previously difficult with older machines. I present a state-of-the-art model comparison code that uses modern Bayesian statistics to measure the Bayes factor between two competing models. The Bayes factor is the ratio of the probability of the data given one model to the probability of the data given another model. My code was used to compare models in five problems in planetary science. The first three pertain to radial velocity exoplanet data. There is a degeneracy in the radial velocity exoplanet signal between a single planet …

Radiolabeled Nanohydroxyapatite As A Platform For The Development Of New Pet Imaging Agents, Stacy Lee Queern

Arts & Sciences Graduate Student Theses and Dissertations

Positron emission tomography (PET) imaging utilizes drugs labeled with positron emitters to target and evaluate different biological processes occurring in the body. Tailoring medicine to the individual allows for higher quality of care with better diagnosis and treatment and is a key purpose for advancing research into developing new platforms for PET imaging agents. A PET nuclide of high interest for the development of these agents is 89Zr. This can be attributed to the long half-life of 3.27 days and low positron energy of 89Zr.In this work, we developed a production method for 89Zr using Y sputtered coins that is …

Tunable Electronic And Optical Properties Of Low-Dimensional Materials, Shiyuan Gao

Arts & Sciences Graduate Student Theses and Dissertations

Two-dimensional (2D) materials with single or a few atomic layers, such as graphene, hexagonal boron nitride (h-BN) and transition metal dichalcogenides (TMDCs), and the heterostructures or one-dimensional (1D) nanostructures they form, have attracted much attention recently as unique platforms for studying many condensed-matter phenomena and holds great potentials for nanoelectronics and optoelectronic applications. Apart from their unique intrinsic properties which has been intensively studied for over a decade by now, they also allow external control of many degrees of freedom, such as electrical gating, doping and layer stacking. In this thesis, I present a theoretical study of the electronic and …

Photophysical Characterization And Wavelength Tuning Of Natural And Synthetic Oxobacteriochlorins And Biohybrids, Don Hood

Arts & Sciences Graduate Student Theses and Dissertations

ABSTRACT OF THE DISSERTATIONPhotophysical Characterization and Wavelength Tuning of Natural and Synthetic Oxobacteriochlorins and BiohybridsByDonald L. HoodDoctor of Philosophy in ChemistryWashington University in St. Louis, 2018Dr. Dewey Holten, ChairpersonHerein is discussed the theoretical and practical unpinnings of photophysical behaviors and kinetic constants for tetrapyrrole macrocycles, to wit, porphyrins, chlorins, and bacteriochlorins. Understanding the characteristic photophysical response of tetrapyrroles to changes in environment or substituents is important to designing synthetic chromophores with tunable absorption wavelengths and for preparing useful biohybrids of natural photosynthetic light antennas combined with unnatural chromophores attached to the light antenna oligomers. Synthetic oxobacteriochlorins provide simpler synthetic pathway …

Anodic Cyclization Reaction: Manipulation Of Reaction Pathway And Efforts To Radical Cation And Radical Intermediate, Ruozhu Feng

Arts & Sciences Graduate Student Theses and Dissertations

In recent years, synthetic chemists have been expressing significant interest in electro-organic synthetic methods. This interest is being fueled by the existence of an increasing number of successful methods in the literature and the availability of new electrochemical equipment that removes the barrier to attempting an electrolysis reaction for the first time. Yet while these developments have fueled growth in some areas of electro-organic synthesis (the recycling of chemical catalysts for example), other areas remain underdeveloped. One such area is the exploration of reactions that can be triggered directly as an electrode surface without the use of any chemical reagent. …

Linking Structure And Dynamics In Metallic Liquids: A Combined Experimental And Molecular Dynamics Approach, Robert Ashcraft

Arts & Sciences Graduate Student Theses and Dissertations

A major outstanding problem in condensed matter physics is the nature of the glass transition, in which a rapidly cooled liquid can bypass the transition into a crystalline state and the liquid structure is "frozen-in" due to kinetic arrest. To characterize the fundamental features behind this transition the liquid, both in the high temperature (equilibrium) and supercooled state, needs to be better understood. By examining the relationship between structure and dynamics a better characterization of the liquid state and a determination of the mechanisms that are ultimately important for the formation of the glass can be gained. In this dissertation, …

Improve The Low Energy Sensitivity Of The Hawc Observatory, Zhixiang Ren

Optical Science and Engineering ETDs

The high altitude water cherenkov gamma-ray observatory (HAWC) has been fully operational since March of 2015 in Mexico at 4,100 meters above sea level on the hillside of the Sierra Negra Volcano. It consists of an array of 300 water cherenkov detectors, each equipped with four photo-multiplier tubes. HAWC operates 24-hours per day with a wide field-of-view (FOV, ∼ 2 sr) and a high duty cycle (∼ 95%). These make it a powerful survey and monitoring experiment for mapping the gamma ray sky at very high energies (VHE, 100 GeV to 100 TeV) and to study sources with varying intensities. …

Inequality, Rubber, And Thermodynamics In Indonesia, Ernest M. Oleksy

The Downtown Review: An Interdisciplinary Journal Written and Peer-Reviewed by Mandel Honors College Students at Cleveland State University

Intersectionality has led the charge in ensuring that workplace justice is assured to all people, irrespective of their identities. While intersectionality is a useful theory for explaining inequality, what must not be understated is the contributions that postcolonialism and the blue-collar working identity can have on harsh working conditions. Particularly, miners in Indonesia have had to work in very hostile environments where they are at-risk for sulfur poisoning as they mine for materials to vulcanize rubber. This article serves two purposes. The first is to call attention to how place can help explain the differential experiences of miners in the …

The Chemical Causes And Social Effects Of Acid Rain, Ernest M. Oleksy

The Downtown Review: An Interdisciplinary Journal Written and Peer-Reviewed by Mandel Honors College Students at Cleveland State University

While global warming tends to dominate the collective conscious for environmentalism of academics and the public alike, many other physical phenomena bear serious implications for humanity's future. One such phenomenon, acid rain, has been under-reported considering how damaging it is to the ecosystem and how much politicking is involved when determining how to address it. This article serves two purposes. The first is to inform readers of the basic chemical processes underlying acid rain and why it is damaging to organisms. The second is to inform readers of how acid rain has been portrayed by other publications, like the National …

The Theory Of Relativity And Applications: A Simple Introduction, Ellen Rea

The Downtown Review: An Interdisciplinary Journal Written and Peer-Reviewed by Mandel Honors College Students at Cleveland State University

This paper will provide a brief overview of the theory of relativity by looking at its two parts: special relativity and general relativity. It will omit most of the complex mathematics involved in order to focus on providing a more conceptual understanding. However, some simplified equations will be introduced to illustrate various aspects of the theory. Some of the experiments and scientific observations that support the theory as well as some of the scientific advances that emerged from the theory will also be discussed. Following the overview of the theory of relativity will be some of its applications in past …

An Examination Of The Death Penalty, Alexandra N. Kremer

The Downtown Review: An Interdisciplinary Journal Written and Peer-Reviewed by Mandel Honors College Students at Cleveland State University

The death penalty, or capital punishment, is the use of execution through hanging, beheading, drowning, gas chambers, lethal injection, and electrocution among others in response to a crime. This has spurred much debate on whether it should be used for reasons such as ethics, revenge, economics, effectiveness as a deterrent, and constitutionality. Capital punishment has roots that date back to the 18^th century B.C., but, as of 2016, has been abolished in law or practice by more than two thirds of the world’s countries and several states within the United States. Here, the arguments for and against the death …

Limit Properties Of Order Statistics, А. Madraximov, S. Kukieva

Scientific journal of the Fergana State University

The paper studies the question of estimating the concentration function for the sums of minima of positive random variables.

Substantiation The Parameters Of The Cotton Cleaners’ Polyhedral Vibrating Fire-Bars, A. Djuraev, R.Kh. Maksudov, Sh. Shukhratov

Scientific journal of the Fergana State University

The article describes the principle of operation of the recommended multifaceted grate on elastic supports, as well as the results of the analysis of the grate oscillations, and the parameters are justified. The results of comparative production tests.

Mathematical Models For The Numerical Solution Of Boundary Value Problems Nonstationary Three-Phase Filtering, А. Abdukodirov, G. Аkramova

Scientific journal of the Fergana State University

The construction of an explicit / implicit scheme for the numerical solution of regional problems of non-stationary three-phase filtration is considered in the article.

Recommendations For Developing Modern Electronic Educational Resources, S. Abdurakhmonov, I. Bilolov

Scientific journal of the Fergana State University

The article discusses the use of AutoPlay Media Studio in creating e-learning resources, and also studies the technology of creating electronic resources. Based on the examples, recommendations for use in the education system are developed and provided,

The Value Of Commodity Products Based On Furfural In The National Economy (Review), M. Аkhмаdaliev, I. Аskarov

Scientific journal of the Fergana State University

The article describes the methods of obtaining furfuralis by recycling of vaste and importance of goods production’s on the base of furfuralis for economy

The Value Of Checking An Infrared Spectrophotometer According To The Program Of Metrological Certification For The Correct Classification Of Motor Oils By Their Chemical Composition, М. Imomova, B. Аbduganiev

Scientific journal of the Fergana State University

In this article the questions of determining the chemical composition of the motor oils after the metrological certification of infrared spectrophotometer are elucidated

Water Soluble Polysaccharides Of The Plant Aconitum Leucostomum, Sh. Turgunboev, R. Rakhmonberdieva

Scientific journal of the Fergana State University

Polysaccharides are polymers with a wide spectrum of biological activity. They contribute to detoxification of the body, remove toxic substances, cholesterol, heavy metals, radionuclide from the body, and also repair damaged cells, do not allow the formation of free radicals, restores the immune system. In medicine, based on polysaccharides, biological active additives such as rheopolyglucin, polyglucin, heparin, mucaltin and others have been created.

The Evolution Of Irrigated Arzyk-Shokh Soils Under Anthropogenic Factor, G. Yuldashev, U. Mirzaev

Scientific journal of the Fergana State University

This article deals with role of the anthropogenic factor in the process of modern evolutionary development of irrigated meadow saz soils in Central Fergana.

The Way Of Obtaining Of Polyfunctional Haemosorbent, Х. Eshjanov, А. Sarimsakov, М., Baltayeva, М. Nurmatova

Scientific journal of the Fergana State University

In the article the facts about separation fibroin fibers from waste matter of silk fibers and the properties of haemosorbent vitamin-B12 sorbtion are given.

Investigation Of An Unusual Thin Layer Descending Through The Upper Stratosphere, Houston D. Bentley

Physics Capstone Projects

Lidar observations on the night of 19-20 February 2004 at Logan, Utah (41.74 N, 111.81 W) revealed a strange thin layer which descended from roughly 55 km to 30 km over seven hours. Approximations are made for the dimensions and descent rate of the layer. Although the particle radius and density are unknown, a range can be determined from the descent rate and reference to the sizes of known particles. Several possible sources for the layer are explored, concluding that an object entering the Earth’s atmosphere was the most probable cause.

Intra-Exchange Cryptocurrency Arbitrage Bot, Eric Han

Master's Projects

Cryptocurrencies are defined as a digital currency in which encryption techniques are utilized to regulate generation of units of currency and verify the transfer of funds, independent of a central governing body such as a bank. Due to the large number of cryptocurrencies currently available, there inherently exists many price discrepancies due to market inefficiencies. Market inefficiencies occur when the price of assets do not reflect their true value. In fact, these types of pricing discrepancies exist in other financial markets, including fiat currency exchanges and stock exchanges. However, these discrepancies are more significant in the cryptocurrency domain due to …

Variations On A Theme: Using Amino Acid Sequences To Generate Music, Aaron Kosmatin

Master's Projects

In this project, we explore using a musical space to represent the properties of amino acids. We consider previous mappings and explore the limitations of these mappings. In this exploration, we will propose a new method of mapping into musical spaces that extends the properties that can be represented. For this work, we will use amino acid sequences as our example mapping. The amino acid properties we will use include mass, charge, structure, and hydrophobicity. Finally, we will show how the different musical properties can be compared for similarity.

Toward An Understanding Of Grb Prompt Emission Mechanism. Ii. Patterns Of Peak Energy Evolution And Their Connection To Spectral Lags, Z. Lucas Uhm, Bing Zhang, Judith Racusin

Physics & Astronomy Faculty Research

The prompt emission phase of gamma-ray bursts (GRBs) exhibits two distinct patterns of the peak energy (E p ) evolution, i.e., time-resolved spectral analyses of νF ν spectra of broad pulses reveal (1) "hard-to-soft" and (2) "flux-tracking" patterns of E p evolution in time, the physical origin of which still remains not well understood. We show here that these two patterns can be successfully reproduced within a simple physical model invoking synchrotron radiation in a bulk-accelerating emission region. We show further that the evolution patterns of the peak energy have, in fact, direct connections to the existence of two different …

Mineralogy, Petrology, And Geochemistry Of The Unique Silica-Rich Ungrouped Achondrite Northwest Africa 11575, Mya Ann Habermann

Earth and Planetary Sciences ETDs

We report here on a unique, newly discovered, silica-rich ungrouped achondrite Northwest Africa 11575 (NWA 11575). NWA 11575 is one of four known silica-rich ungrouped achondrites, presenting evidence for igneous processes resulting in evolved compositions early in the history of the solar system. It is unique from the other silica-rich ungrouped achondrites in that it has pyroxene compositional trends matching those of lunar samples and martian meteorites; contains quartz and potassium feldspar; and contains oxygen, hydrogen, and chromium isotopes that are similar to those of LL chondrites. Together, these four silica-rich ungrouped achondrites provide evidence for evolved compositions resulting from …