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2018

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Articles 11371 - 11400 of 11790

Full-Text Articles in Physical Sciences and Mathematics

Plasma Medicine: A Brief Introduction, Mounir Laroussi Jan 2018

Plasma Medicine: A Brief Introduction, Mounir Laroussi

Electrical & Computer Engineering Faculty Publications

This mini review is to introduce the readers of Plasma to the field of plasma medicine. This is a multidisciplinary field of research at the intersection of physics, engineering, biology and medicine. Plasma medicine is only about two decades old, but the research community active in this emerging field has grown tremendously in the last few years. Today, research is being conducted on a number of applications including wound healing and cancer treatment. Although a lot of knowledge has been created and our understanding of the fundamental mechanisms that play important roles in the interaction between low temperature plasma and …

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Dynamic Output Feedback Invariants Of Full Relative Degree Nonlinear Siso Systems, W. Steven Gray, Luis A. Duffaut Espinosa Jan 2018

Dynamic Output Feedback Invariants Of Full Relative Degree Nonlinear Siso Systems, W. Steven Gray, Luis A. Duffaut Espinosa

Electrical & Computer Engineering Faculty Publications

The goal of this paper is to explicitly describe invariants of a plant described by a Chen--Fliess series under a class of dynamic output feedback laws using earlier work by the authors on feedback transformation groups. The main result requires the rather strong assumption that the plant has a generating series with both finite Lie rank and full relative degree. In which case, there is no loss of generality in working with state space realizations of the plant. An additional genericness assumption regarding the normal form of the plant is also required, but as shown by the examples, this condition …

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Deep Recurrent Learning For Efficient Image Recognition Using Small Data, Mahbubul Alam Jan 2018

Deep Recurrent Learning For Efficient Image Recognition Using Small Data, Mahbubul Alam

Electrical & Computer Engineering Theses & Dissertations

Recognition is fundamental yet open and challenging problem in computer vision. Recognition involves the detection and interpretation of complex shapes of objects or persons from previous encounters or knowledge. Biological systems are considered as the most powerful, robust and generalized recognition models. The recent success of learning based mathematical models known as artificial neural networks, especially deep neural networks, have propelled researchers to utilize such architectures for developing bio-inspired computational recognition models. However, the computational complexity of these models increases proportionally to the challenges posed by the recognition problem, and more importantly, these models require a large amount of data …

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Approximation Of Quantiles Of Rank Test Statistics Using Almost Sure Limit Theorems, Mark Ledbetter Jan 2018

Approximation Of Quantiles Of Rank Test Statistics Using Almost Sure Limit Theorems, Mark Ledbetter

Mathematics & Statistics Theses & Dissertations

There are many problems in statistics where the analysis is based on asymptotic distributions. In some cases, the asymptotic distribution is in an open form or is intractable. One possible solution is the logarithmic quantile estimation (LQE) method introduced by Thangavelu (2005) for rank tests and Fridline (2010) for the correlation coefficient. LQE is derived from an almost sure version of the central limit theorem using the results of Berkes and Csaki (2001), and it estimates the quantiles of a test statistic using only the data. To date, LQE has been used in only a few applications. We extend the …

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Examining The Response Of The Martian Atmosphere To Increases In Different Portions Of The Electromagnetic Spectrum During Solar Flares, Bradley R. Kumm Jan 2018

Examining The Response Of The Martian Atmosphere To Increases In Different Portions Of The Electromagnetic Spectrum During Solar Flares, Bradley R. Kumm

Master's Theses and Doctoral Dissertations

This report describes the methods used to examine how the Martian atmosphere responds to increases in different portions of the electromagnetic spectrum during solar flares. On March 24, 2015 the Mars Atmosphere and Volatile Evolution (MAVEN) mission satellite made measurements of the atmosphere and solar irradiance during a solar flare. These measurements were used by the Flare Irradiance Spectral Model (FISM) to generate solar flux values for 59 wavelength bins describing flare event. The solar flux values at different wavelength bins were scaled by different amounts and input into the Mars Global Ionosphere Thermosphere Model (M-GITM) to create 16 distinct …

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Range Expansion Of Tick Disease Vectors In North America: Implications For Spread Of Tick-Borne Disease, Daniel E. Sonenshine Jan 2018

Range Expansion Of Tick Disease Vectors In North America: Implications For Spread Of Tick-Borne Disease, Daniel E. Sonenshine

Biological Sciences Faculty Publications

Ticks are the major vectors of most disease-causing agents to humans, companion animals and wildlife. Moreover, ticks transmit a greater variety of pathogenic agents than any other blood-feeding arthropod. Ticks have been expanding their geographic ranges in recent decades largely due to climate change. Furthermore, tick populations in many areas of their past and even newly established localities have increased in abundance. These dynamic changes present new and increasing severe public health threats to humans, livestock and companion animals in areas where they were previously unknown or were considered to be of minor importance. Here in this review, the geographic …

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The Spatial Context Of “Winning” In Mpa Network Design: Location Matters, Andrew S. Kough, Claire B. Paris, Mark J. Butler Iv Jan 2018

The Spatial Context Of “Winning” In Mpa Network Design: Location Matters, Andrew S. Kough, Claire B. Paris, Mark J. Butler Iv

Biological Sciences Faculty Publications

(First paragraph) Chollett et al. (2017) make the case that a local network of marine protected areas (MPAs) enhances fisheries for Caribbean spiny lobster (Panulirus argus) off the coast of Honduras. However, their simulation focused on one ecoregion where self-recruitment is predicted to be among the highest in the Caribbean (Cowen, Paris, & Srinivasan, 2006). The shallow banks and scattered cays of the Honduran-Nicaraguan Rise, separating the Cayman and Colombian basins, create an obstacle to the powerful southern Caribbean jet (Richardson, 2005), fostering an ideal location for topographically steered eddies and larval retention. Local management,whether based on traditional …

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Chalcone And Cinnamate Synthesis Via One-Pot Enol Silane Formation-Mukaiyama Aldol Reactions Of Ketones And Acetate Esters, C. Wade Downey, Hadleigh M. Glist, Anna Takashima, Samuel R. Bottum, Grant J. Dixon Jan 2018

Chalcone And Cinnamate Synthesis Via One-Pot Enol Silane Formation-Mukaiyama Aldol Reactions Of Ketones And Acetate Esters, C. Wade Downey, Hadleigh M. Glist, Anna Takashima, Samuel R. Bottum, Grant J. Dixon

Chemistry Faculty Publications

Aryl alkyl ketones, acetate esters, and acetamides undergo facile one-pot enol silane formation, Mukaiyama aldol addition, and dehydrosilyloxylation in the presence of an amine base and excess trimethylsilyl trifluoromethanesulfonate. The chalcone and cinnamate products are generally recovered in high yield. The relative stoichiometry of the trimethylsilyl trifluoromethanesulfonate and amine base reagents determines whether the reaction yields the β- silyloxy carbonyl product or the α, β -unsaturated carbonyl.

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One-Pot Enol Silane Formation-Alkylation Of Ketones With Propargyl Carboxylates Promoted By Trimethylsilyl Trifluoromethanesulfonate, C. Wade Downey, Danielle N. Confair, Yiqi Liu, Elizabeth D. Heafner Jan 2018

One-Pot Enol Silane Formation-Alkylation Of Ketones With Propargyl Carboxylates Promoted By Trimethylsilyl Trifluoromethanesulfonate, C. Wade Downey, Danielle N. Confair, Yiqi Liu, Elizabeth D. Heafner

Chemistry Faculty Publications

Ketones readily undergo conversion to enol silanes in the presence of trialkylamine base and trimethylsilyl trifluoromethanesulfonate (TMSOTf) and add to propargyl cations to yield b-alkynyl ketones. The propargyl cations are generated in the same reaction flask through the TMSOTf-promoted ionization of propargyl acetates or propargyl propionates. A range of enol silane precursors and propargyl carboxylates reacts efficiently (20 examples, up to 99% yield). Cyclization of a representative product in the presence of TMSOTf provided 61% yield of the trisubstituted furan.

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On Oxygen-Rich Sr Variables In The Solar Neighborhood, Tuncay Özdemi̇r Jan 2018

On Oxygen-Rich Sr Variables In The Solar Neighborhood, Tuncay Özdemi̇r

Turkish Journal of Physics

Brightness distribution of variable stars was investigated based on good Hipparcos parallaxes of semiregular variables (SRVs) in the solar neighborhood, and it is shown that the order of the variability types Lb, SR, SRb, SRa, and Mira is, statistically, an order of increasing brightness along the red giant branch and asymptotic giant branch. In addition, it is also shown that the majority of Miras are above and majority of SRVs are below the tip of the red giant branch. The periods of SRVs that fall in Wood's sequence C (fundamental mode) of large Magellanic clouds were identified. Statistically, the order …

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One-Dimensional Fluid And Hybrid Numerical Analysis Of The Plasma Properties Inthe Discharge Channel Of A Hall Thruster, Çinar Yüncüler, İsmai̇l Rafatov, Demet Uluşen Aksoy Jan 2018

One-Dimensional Fluid And Hybrid Numerical Analysis Of The Plasma Properties Inthe Discharge Channel Of A Hall Thruster, Çinar Yüncüler, İsmai̇l Rafatov, Demet Uluşen Aksoy

Turkish Journal of Physics

One-dimensional fluid and hybrid fluid-kinetic numerical codes are developed and applied to the analysis of axial distributions of plasma properties in the discharge channel of a Hall-effect thruster. Within the hybrid model ions are described by the kinetic Vlasov equation, while electrons and neutral atoms are treated as fluids. The results obtained from fluid and hybrid models are compared. Different operating regimes such as damped, periodic, and aperiodic irregular oscillations about the stationary state are observed and discussed. Thrust and efficiency of the thruster for different input parameters are estimated.

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Triple Higgs Boson Production In A Γγ-Collider At The Future Linear Collider, Nasuf Sönmez Jan 2018

Triple Higgs Boson Production In A Γγ-Collider At The Future Linear Collider, Nasuf Sönmez

Turkish Journal of Physics

In this study, triple Higgs boson production channels in a γγ-collider are investigated in the context of the two-Higgs-doublet model (2HDM). This model has three neutral Higgs bosons (h0/H0/A0 ) and two charged Higgs bosons (H±). Between all the possible combinations of the triple Higgs bosons in the final state, only the following two scattering processes are probable at tree-level: γγ → H+H-h0 and γγ → H+H-H0. These two processes are important to determine the triple Higgs self-couplings gH+H-h0 and gH+H-H0 in the 2HDM. The calculation is carried out for two scenarios, which are inspired by recent experimental and theoretical …

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On Extended Quadratic Hazard Rate Distribution: Development, Properties, Characterizations And Applications, Fiaz Ahmad Bhatti, Gholamhossein G. Hamedani, Wenhui Sheng, Munir Ahmad Jan 2018

On Extended Quadratic Hazard Rate Distribution: Development, Properties, Characterizations And Applications, Fiaz Ahmad Bhatti, Gholamhossein G. Hamedani, Wenhui Sheng, Munir Ahmad

Mathematical and Statistical Science Faculty Research and Publications

In this paper, we propose a flexible extended quadratic hazard rate (EQHR) distribution with increasing, decreasing, bathtub and upside-down bathtub hazard rate function. The EQHR density is arc, right-skewed and symmetrical shaped. This distribution is also obtained from compounding mixture distributions. Stochastic orderings, descriptive measures on the basis of quantiles, order statistics and reliability measures are theoretically established. Characterizations of the EQHR distribution are studied via different techniques. Parameters of the EQHR distribution are estimated using the maximum likelihood method. Goodness of fit of this distribution through different methods is studied.

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A Non-Commutative Julia Inequality, John E. Mccarthy, James E. Pascoe Jan 2018

A Non-Commutative Julia Inequality, John E. Mccarthy, James E. Pascoe

Mathematics Faculty Research

We prove a Julia inequality for bounded non-commutative functions on polynomial polyhedra. We use this to deduce a Julia inequality for holomorphic functions on classical domains in Cd. We look at differentiability at a boundary point for functions that have a certain regularity there.

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Annealing Effect Of Gold Thin Films On The Light Output Performances Of Organic Light Emitting Diodes, Seli̇n Piravadili Mucur, Emi̇ne Teki̇n Jan 2018

Annealing Effect Of Gold Thin Films On The Light Output Performances Of Organic Light Emitting Diodes, Seli̇n Piravadili Mucur, Emi̇ne Teki̇n

Turkish Journal of Physics

Gold thin films (GTFs) are transferred onto a nanostructured surface and their effects on the characteristics of organic light emitting diodes (OLED) are investigated. GTF deposition is realized by the physical vapor deposition technique under high vacuum. Globose gold nanostructures are successfully generated by annealing GTFs at different temperatures. Atomic force microscopy reveals morphological changes affected by film thicknesses and annealing temperatures. In the tailored device architecture, GTFs, [poly(3,4-ethylenedioxythiophene):poly (styrenesulfonate) and poly[2-methoxy-5-(2-ethylhexyloxy)-1,4-phenylene vinylene are used as a hole injection layer, a hole transport layer, and an emissive layer, respectively. The performances of the fabricated OLEDs are enhanced in the presence …

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Field Electron Emission Area Revisited: An Integrated Method For The Area Extraction Model, Ahmed Abdulrahman Al-Tabbakh Jan 2018

Field Electron Emission Area Revisited: An Integrated Method For The Area Extraction Model, Ahmed Abdulrahman Al-Tabbakh

Turkish Journal of Physics

For electron field emitters, the emitter's physical and geometrical parameters, namely the emitter work function and its geometrical factor, are extracted from the slope of the Fowler-Nordheim (FN) plot. The literature contains few investigations and reviews of extended parameter extraction models based on the slope and intercept of the FN plot. However, due to the complexity of these reviews, there is a great need for an integrated approach to the area extraction model whereby a simplified account of the derivation and implementation of the model is presented and made convenient, especially for scholars other than physicists and engineers. This is …

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Surface Effect In Explaining The Elastic Scattering Of The $\Alpha +^{12}$C System At Low Energies, Yasemi̇n Küçük Jan 2018

Surface Effect In Explaining The Elastic Scattering Of The $\Alpha +^{12}$C System At Low Energies, Yasemi̇n Küçük

Turkish Journal of Physics

In this paper, the elastic scattering angular distributions data of the $\alpha +$12C reaction at an energy range of 13.0 to 172.5 MeV were analyzed within the framework of optical model formalism. A phenomenological deep real potential was used with a phenomenological Woods-Saxon type imaginary potential. Excellent agreement was obtained in the high-energy region. The phenomenological deep potential was unable to explain the experimental data in the low-energy region. The experimental data at both low and high energies could not be explained at the same time. In order to explain the data simultaneously at low energy and high energy, the …

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Investigation Of The Influence Of Various Reflector Elements Material Types On The Core Nuclear Parameters Of The 2 Mw Triga Mark-Ii Research Reactor Using The Monte Carlo Code, Abdelaziz Darif, Abdelouahed Chetaine, Mohammed Mghar, Ouadie Kabach Jan 2018

Investigation Of The Influence Of Various Reflector Elements Material Types On The Core Nuclear Parameters Of The 2 Mw Triga Mark-Ii Research Reactor Using The Monte Carlo Code, Abdelaziz Darif, Abdelouahed Chetaine, Mohammed Mghar, Ouadie Kabach

Turkish Journal of Physics

The influence of variation in the kind of material of neutron reflector elements on the core neutronic parameters of the Moroccan Triga Mark-II research reactor was examined. The comparison was made between three kinds of reflector element materials: graphite, beryllium, and beryllium oxide. MCNP5 Monte Carlo computations of the effective neutron multiplication factor (${k}_{{eff}})$ of the reactor according to the number of reflector material elements inserted in the reactor core for these three reflector elements materials families were carried out. The results found could be used in order to increase the ${k}_{{eff}}$ parameter without changing the size of the reactor.

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Quark Gluon Plasma And Upsilon Suppression, Rismita Ghosh, Aparajita Bhattacharya, Ballari Chakrabarti Jan 2018

Quark Gluon Plasma And Upsilon Suppression, Rismita Ghosh, Aparajita Bhattacharya, Ballari Chakrabarti

Turkish Journal of Physics

The time-dependent suppression probability P(t) of upsilon particles has been estimated due to the screening when embedded in the medium of quark gluon plasma where the screened potential is represented by an optical potential of type $V(r,\lambda) = - [\frac{V_{0}+iW_{0}}{1+exp((r-R)\lambda)}]$. A similar type of variation of suppression probability has been obtained by others. It has been observed that $t_{\frac{1}{2}}$ for melting of $\Upsilon$ is $\sim$ 1.5 fm/c. The variation of the screening radii of heavy mesons $(J/\psi, \Upsilon)$ for 1S and 2S states with respect to plasma radius have also been investigated with the same complex screening potential. We have …

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Bessel And Bessel Vortex Beams Generated By Blunt-Tip Axicon, Ramazan Şahi̇n Jan 2018

Bessel And Bessel Vortex Beams Generated By Blunt-Tip Axicon, Ramazan Şahi̇n

Turkish Journal of Physics

A theoretical prediction of the propagation characteristics of Laguerre--Gaussian beams after passing through a blunt-tip axicon is presented. An ideal axicon generates theoretically perfect diffraction-free and smooth-on-axis intensity Bessel beams, while experiments and calculations show that a zeroth-order Bessel beam deviates from its perfect behavior. Strong intensity modulation occurs due to interference around the center of the beam. The origin of these oscillations should be explored to increase the quality of beam shaping. This research shows that these oscillations can be reduced by stopping the beam center for a small portion or by optimizing input beam parameters. On the other …

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A Note On Noncompact And Nonmetricit Quadratic Curvature Gravity Theories, Suat Dengi̇z Jan 2018

A Note On Noncompact And Nonmetricit Quadratic Curvature Gravity Theories, Suat Dengi̇z

Turkish Journal of Physics

In this note, we evaluate the Weyl-invariant quadratic curvature tensors for the particular Weyl gauge field constructed in the $3+1$-dimensional noncompact Weyl-Einstein-Yang-Mills model. We subsequently extend the model to its higher curvature version. We also compute the Weyl-invariant extension of the topological Gauss-Bonnet term for this specific choice of vector field.

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Predictions On Three-Particle Azimuthal Correlations In Proton-Proton Collisions, Şener Özönder Jan 2018

Predictions On Three-Particle Azimuthal Correlations In Proton-Proton Collisions, Şener Özönder

Turkish Journal of Physics

The ridge signal, which is long-ranged in rapidity, in di-hadron correlations in high-multiplicity p-p and p-A collisions opened up a whole new research area in high-energy QCD. Although the ridge had been observed in A-A collisions and interpreted as a result of the radial flow of quark-gluon plasma, it had not appeared until recently in the data of small collision systems such as p-p and p-A, nor had it been predicted theoretically or seen in event generators. There are two competing approaches that attempt to explain the systematics of the di-hadron ridge signal: hydrodynamics and gluon saturation physics (color glass …

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Cycloid Experiment For Freshmen Physics Labs, Resat Akoglu, Seyedhabibollah Mazharimousavi, Mustafa Halilsoy Jan 2018

Cycloid Experiment For Freshmen Physics Labs, Resat Akoglu, Seyedhabibollah Mazharimousavi, Mustafa Halilsoy

Turkish Journal of Physics

We establish an instructive experiment to investigate the minimum time curve traveled by a small billiard ball rolling in a grooved track under gravity. Our intention is to popularize the concept of minimum time curves anew for pedagogical reasons and to propose it as a feasible physics experiment both for freshmen and sophomore classes. The experiment is simplified enough to provide motivation for the students. We observed that even the students who were not physics majors enjoyed such a cycloid experiment.

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Characterizing Decaying Dark Matter: X-Ray Emission From Sterile Neutrinos, Murat Hüdaverdi̇ Jan 2018

Characterizing Decaying Dark Matter: X-Ray Emission From Sterile Neutrinos, Murat Hüdaverdi̇

Turkish Journal of Physics

Recently, an unknown emission line at E $\sim$3.5 keV from several astrophysical objects has been detected. The line is suggested to be originating from decaying dark matter particles. The results have drawn great attention from the astrophysics and particle physics community. Since the detected line is significantly weak there has also been a long debate over the origin of this mysterious signal. The most accepted scenario is a radiatively decaying sterile neutrino of 7.1 keV in mass producing a monochromatic 3.5 keV line, which is observable in X-ray energy ranges. The problem has not been settled and further observations from …

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Photon In A Cylindrical Resonant Cavity, Cavi̇t Teki̇nçay, Yusuf Sucu Jan 2018

Photon In A Cylindrical Resonant Cavity, Cavi̇t Teki̇nçay, Yusuf Sucu

Turkish Journal of Physics

In this study, the massless and massive spin-1 particle equations, derived from the excited states of the zitterbewegung model, are considered for the photon in the cylindrical resonant cavity background. The resonant frequencies of the particles are also obtained. We show that these frequencies become equivalent in the $M^{2}\to 0$ limit.

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Stephen Hawking - A Great Mind (8 January 1942 -- 14 March 2018), Mukhtar Ahmed Rana Jan 2018

Stephen Hawking - A Great Mind (8 January 1942 -- 14 March 2018), Mukhtar Ahmed Rana

Turkish Journal of Physics

Hawking induced a knowledge revolution in theoretical physics. His bedrock concepts and explanations reshaped modern physics.

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Nature Of Entropy In A Scalar-Tensor Theory Of Gravity, Onur Siğinç, Mustafa Salti, Hi̇lmi̇ Yanar, Oktay Aydoğdu Jan 2018

Nature Of Entropy In A Scalar-Tensor Theory Of Gravity, Onur Siğinç, Mustafa Salti, Hi̇lmi̇ Yanar, Oktay Aydoğdu

Turkish Journal of Physics

This work is devoted to studying the generalized nature of the entropy function in a specific form of the scalar-tensor-vector (STeVe) theory of gravity for the Friedmann-Lemaitre-Robertson-Walker (FLRW) spacetime in the state of thermal equilibrium. For this purpose, we define an equilibrium picture of thermodynamics by making use of a suitable set of the dark energy density and dark pressure descriptions, which defines an energy-momentum tensor obeying the local energy conservation law. Furthermore, we also discuss our results numerically in order to get additional implications.

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Lattice Calculations For Two-Component Fermion Systems With Unequal Masses: Onedimension, Serdar Elhatisari Jan 2018

Lattice Calculations For Two-Component Fermion Systems With Unequal Masses: Onedimension, Serdar Elhatisari

Turkish Journal of Physics

We consider systems of two-component fermions with unequal masses and interacting via a short-range attractive potential. We discuss the case where the two-component fermions form a shallow dimer with large scattering length. The three-fermion and four-fermion systems with such properties are universal and characterized by the twofermion scattering length aff and the ratio of the mass of spin-↑ fermion to the mass of spin-↓ fermion, m↑/m↓. In this study, using lattice effective field theory, we analyze fermion-dimer and dimer-dimer systems and calculate the universal fermion-dimer and dimer-dimer scattering lengths for various values of the mass ratio m↑/m↓. We find that …

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Isotopic Distribution In Projectile Fragments Above The Coulomb Barrier, Ayşegül Kaya, Ni̇hal Büyükçi̇zmeci̇, Riza Oğul Jan 2018

Isotopic Distribution In Projectile Fragments Above The Coulomb Barrier, Ayşegül Kaya, Ni̇hal Büyükçi̇zmeci̇, Riza Oğul

Turkish Journal of Physics

We have studied fragmentation properties of projectiles in peripheral heavy-ion collisions within a statistical ensemble approach. Distributions of projectile fragments are calculated for the reaction systems 86Kr on 58;64Ni and are compared to the experimental data for the same reactions at projectile energy of 15 MeV/nucleon. We assume that the projectile nuclei capture many neutrons from the targets as a result of the multinucleon transfer reactions (direct and fast reactions) at the first step of the dynamical stage of the collisions, and then the excited spectators are formed during the preequilibrium process (multistep reactions) long before the statistical equilibrium stage, …

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Lattice Modeling Of A Real Gas Revisited, Lisha Damodaran, Udayanandan Kandoth Murkoth Jan 2018

Lattice Modeling Of A Real Gas Revisited, Lisha Damodaran, Udayanandan Kandoth Murkoth

Turkish Journal of Physics

The spin-half Ising model has been used with remarkable success in describing magnetism and phase transition in magnetic materials. Likewise, the lattice gas model, which uses the spin-1 Ising model, was employed to investigate the phase transition in liquid-gas systems. In all the earlier lattice gas models, the kinetic energy of atoms occupying the various lattice sites were not considered for finding the equation of state. In this paper we use the Hamiltonian with kinetic energy and a modified equation of state is obtained. The isotherms of this model show the behavior of real gases at all pressures and they …

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