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2018

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Articles 11041 - 11070 of 11790

Full-Text Articles in Physical Sciences and Mathematics

Resource Extraction And Infrastructure Threaten Forest Cover And Community Rights, Anthony J. Bebbington, Denise Humphreys Bebbington, Laura Aileen Sauls, John Rogan, Sumali Agrawal, César Gamboa, Aviva Imhof, Kimberly Johnson, Herman Rosa, Antoinette Royo, Tessa Toumbourou, Ricardo Verdum Jan 2018

Resource Extraction And Infrastructure Threaten Forest Cover And Community Rights, Anthony J. Bebbington, Denise Humphreys Bebbington, Laura Aileen Sauls, John Rogan, Sumali Agrawal, César Gamboa, Aviva Imhof, Kimberly Johnson, Herman Rosa, Antoinette Royo, Tessa Toumbourou, Ricardo Verdum

Geography

Mineral and hydrocarbon extraction and infrastructure are increasingly significant drivers of forest loss, greenhouse gas emissions, and threats to the rights of forest communities in forested areas of Amazonia, Indonesia, and Mesoamerica. Projected investments in these sectors suggest that future threats to forests and rights are substantial, particularly because resource extraction and infrastructure reinforce each other and enable population movements and agricultural expansion further into the forest. In each region, governments have made framework policy commitments to national and cross-border infrastructure integration, increased energy production, and growth strategies based on further exploitation of natural resources. This reflects political settlements among …

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The Infrastructure-Extractives-Resource Governance Complex In The Pan-Amazon: Roll Backs And Contestations, Denise Bebbington, Ricardo Verdum, Cesar Gamboa, Anthony J. Bebbington Jan 2018

The Infrastructure-Extractives-Resource Governance Complex In The Pan-Amazon: Roll Backs And Contestations, Denise Bebbington, Ricardo Verdum, Cesar Gamboa, Anthony J. Bebbington

Geography

Large-scale access and energy infrastructure projects, together with expanding investments in natural resource extraction, pose significant challenges to biodiversity conservation, forest cover, and the defence of forest peoples' rights and livelihoods across the wider Amazon region. Following a period in which safeguards and forest dwellers' territorial rights were strengthened under more permissive political opportunity structures, the current period has been characterized by efforts to weaken these protections and to facilitate large-scale private investment in previously protected lands. We describe these investment-based threats to forests and rights, and the nature of regulatory rollbacks in the region. We then discuss some of …

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Patterns And Drivers Of Recent Disturbances Across The Temperate Forest Biome, Andreas Sommerfeld, Cornelius Senf, Brian Buma, Anthony W. D’Amato, Tiphaine Després, Ignacio Díaz-Hormazábal, Shawn Fraver, Lee E. Frelich, Álvaro G. Gutiérrez, Sarah J. Hart, Brian J. Harvey, Hong S. He, Tomáš Hlásny, Andrés Holz, Thomas Kitzberger, Dominik Kulakowski, David Lindenmayer, Akira S. Mori, Jörg Müller, Juan Paritsis, George L.W. Perry, Scott L. Stephens, Miroslav Svoboda, Monica G. Turner, Thomas T. Veblen, Rupert Seidl Jan 2018

Patterns And Drivers Of Recent Disturbances Across The Temperate Forest Biome, Andreas Sommerfeld, Cornelius Senf, Brian Buma, Anthony W. D’Amato, Tiphaine Després, Ignacio Díaz-Hormazábal, Shawn Fraver, Lee E. Frelich, Álvaro G. Gutiérrez, Sarah J. Hart, Brian J. Harvey, Hong S. He, Tomáš Hlásny, Andrés Holz, Thomas Kitzberger, Dominik Kulakowski, David Lindenmayer, Akira S. Mori, Jörg Müller, Juan Paritsis, George L.W. Perry, Scott L. Stephens, Miroslav Svoboda, Monica G. Turner, Thomas T. Veblen, Rupert Seidl

Geography

Increasing evidence indicates that forest disturbances are changing in response to global change, yet local variability in disturbance remains high. We quantified this considerable variability and analyzed whether recent disturbance episodes around the globe were consistently driven by climate, and if human influence modulates patterns of forest disturbance. We combined remote sensing data on recent (2001–2014) disturbances with in-depth local information for 50 protected landscapes and their surroundings across the temperate biome. Disturbance patterns are highly variable, and shaped by variation in disturbance agents and traits of prevailing tree species. However, high disturbance activity is consistently linked to warmer and …

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Trends In Benthic Macrofaunal Populations, Seasonal Sea Ice Persistence, And Bottom Water Temperatures In The Bering Strait Region, Jacqueline M. Grebmeier, Karen E. Frey, Lee W. Cooper, Monika Kędra Jan 2018

Trends In Benthic Macrofaunal Populations, Seasonal Sea Ice Persistence, And Bottom Water Temperatures In The Bering Strait Region, Jacqueline M. Grebmeier, Karen E. Frey, Lee W. Cooper, Monika Kędra

Geography

Recent declines in sea ice extent and warming seawater temperatures in the Arctic have the potential to impact regional and pan-Arctic marine ecosystems. To investigate marine biological response to these key drivers and other environmental factors, we undertook a robust trend analysis of benthic macrofaunal populations and environmental drivers in the Bering Strait region. Our focus was on the waters of the northern Bering and southern Chukchi Seas, which are shallow (m) and seasonally productive, with strong pelagic-benthic coupling between water-column-derived organic matter and the seafloor. Studies indicate that both in situ production and advection of upstream phytodetritus support persistent …

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(Un)Frozen Spaces: Exploring The Role Of Sea Ice In The Marine Socio-Legal Spaces Of The Bering And Beaufort Seas, Kristen L. Shake, Karen E. Frey, Deborah G. Martin, Philip E. Steinberg Jan 2018

(Un)Frozen Spaces: Exploring The Role Of Sea Ice In The Marine Socio-Legal Spaces Of The Bering And Beaufort Seas, Kristen L. Shake, Karen E. Frey, Deborah G. Martin, Philip E. Steinberg

Geography

Sea ice is a dynamic physical element of the greater Arctic marine system, one that has myriad connections to human systems on a variety of spatial and temporal scales. Changes to the spatial extent of sea ice simultaneously permits and endangers maritime operations, as well as impacts current debates over maritime boundaries, presenting an interesting challenge for international law. Sea ice is not a stationary object; it moves through time and space in response to the physical forces of wind, ocean currents, and heating. It has a tangible, material and substantive role in contestations over territory, resources and marine boundaries …

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Abelian Subalgebras Of Maximal Dimension In Euclidean Lie Algebras, Mark Curro Jan 2018

Abelian Subalgebras Of Maximal Dimension In Euclidean Lie Algebras, Mark Curro

Theses and Dissertations (Comprehensive)

In this paper we define, discuss and prove the uniqueness of the abelian subalgebra of maximal dimension of the Euclidean Lie algebra. We also construct a family of maximal abelian subalgebras and prove that they are maximal.

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Spatial And Temporal Variability Of The Snow Environment In The Western Canadian Arctic, Philip Mann Jan 2018

Spatial And Temporal Variability Of The Snow Environment In The Western Canadian Arctic, Philip Mann

Theses and Dissertations (Comprehensive)

Snow cover in the Western Canadian Arctic is a significant input to the hydrological mass balance, it produces shelter and habitat for animals and humans, and supports interactions with vegetation and climate. The Arctic-tundra snow cover is greatly impacted by wind erosion, redistribution and deposition of snow during high wind events over the winter months. As a result, the end of winter snow cover is characterised by significant small-scale (on the order of a few meters) spatial variations in snow cover depth, density, and thus snow water equivalent (SWE), and runoff. Future climate related changes to snow cover depth and …

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Landscape Scale Spectral-Temporal Modelling Of Bamboo-Dominated Forest Succession Within The Atlantic Forest Of Southern Brazil, Clara Greig Jan 2018

Landscape Scale Spectral-Temporal Modelling Of Bamboo-Dominated Forest Succession Within The Atlantic Forest Of Southern Brazil, Clara Greig

Theses and Dissertations (Comprehensive)

Tropical and subtropical ecosystems have become vulnerable to biological invasion (i.e., bamboo) due to human induced forest fragmentation. Bamboo ecological processes have been found to impede forest development, resulting in a state of arrested succession, which has been found to significantly reduce biodiversity, thus contributing to biotic homogenization. In this study we use a semi-empirical approach to develop a community-level spatially explicit ecological process model (hybrid model) using a time-series of Landsat imagery to describe single-landscape scale ecological processes of a pervasive bamboo species (Merostachys skvortzovii) found throughout the Araucaria forest, a critically threatened subtype of Atlantic forest …

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The Effects Of Fire On Snow Accumulation, Snowmelt And Ground Thaw On A Peat Plateau In Subarctic Canada, Elyse Mathieu Jan 2018

The Effects Of Fire On Snow Accumulation, Snowmelt And Ground Thaw On A Peat Plateau In Subarctic Canada, Elyse Mathieu

Theses and Dissertations (Comprehensive)

During the past century, the highest rates of warming have occurred at latitudes above 60oN, where air temperatures have risen at twice the rate of other regions. In northwestern Canada, this warming has coincided with an increase in the frequency, size and severity of wildfires. The influence of such fires on the trajectory of on-going permafrost thaw is not well understood. As a consequence, the combined impacts of climate warming induced permafrost thaw and possible feedbacks arising from wildfires cannot be properly assessed. This study examines the impact of a 2.7 ha low-severity wildfire (July 2014) on water …

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The Effect Of Oxidation, Thionation, And Dimerization On The Self-Assembly And Photophysical Properties Of Novel Discotic Materials, Katie M. Psutka Jan 2018

The Effect Of Oxidation, Thionation, And Dimerization On The Self-Assembly And Photophysical Properties Of Novel Discotic Materials, Katie M. Psutka

Theses and Dissertations (Comprehensive)

This thesis aims to increase understanding of the relationship between molecular structure and liquid crystalline temperature range by exploring the effects of oxidation, thionation, and dimerization on the self-assembly and properties of novel discotic materials. First, two alkoxy-substituted dibenzanthracenequinones were prepared by oxidation of the corresponding dibenzanthracenes. The quinone induced a liquid crystalline phase in the hexaalkoxy dibenzanthracene derivative, but not in the tetralkoxy derivative. However, both of the resulting materials were un-reactive to any further synthetic modifications that could be used to improve their properties. In comparison, two heteroaromatic dithienoanthracenedicarboximides were successfully prepared, although the addition of the thiophene …

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Real Time Spectroscopic Ellipsometry Analysis Of First Stage Cuin1-Xgaxse2 Growth: Indium-Gallium Selenide Co-Evaporation, Puja Pradhan, Puruswottam Aryal, Dinesh Attygalle, Abdel-Rahman Ibdah, Prakash Koirala, Jian Li, Khagendra P. Bhandari, Geethika K. Liyanage, Randy J. Ellingson, Michael J. Heben, Sylvain Marsillac, Robert W. Collins, Nikolas J. Podraza Jan 2018

Real Time Spectroscopic Ellipsometry Analysis Of First Stage Cuin1-Xgaxse2 Growth: Indium-Gallium Selenide Co-Evaporation, Puja Pradhan, Puruswottam Aryal, Dinesh Attygalle, Abdel-Rahman Ibdah, Prakash Koirala, Jian Li, Khagendra P. Bhandari, Geethika K. Liyanage, Randy J. Ellingson, Michael J. Heben, Sylvain Marsillac, Robert W. Collins, Nikolas J. Podraza

Electrical & Computer Engineering Faculty Publications

Real time spectroscopic ellipsometry (RTSE) has been applied for in-situ monitoring of the first stage of copper indium-gallium diselenide (CIGS) thin film deposition by the three-stage co-evaporation process used for fabrication of high efficiency thin film photovoltaic (PV) devices. The first stage entails the growth of indium-gallium selenide (In1-xGax)₂Se₃ (IGS) on a substrate of Mo-coated soda lime glass maintained at a temperature of 400 °C. This is a critical stage of CIGS deposition because a large fraction of the final film thickness is deposited, and as a result precise compositional control is desired in order to …

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Front Matter Jan 2018

Front Matter

The Synapse: Intercollegiate science magazine

No abstract provided.

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Think One Person Can Change The World? Plants Already Have, Anah Soble Jan 2018

Think One Person Can Change The World? Plants Already Have, Anah Soble

The Synapse: Intercollegiate science magazine

No abstract provided.

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And We Don't Have Liftoff: The Origin Of Flightless Birds, Rachael Branscomb Jan 2018

And We Don't Have Liftoff: The Origin Of Flightless Birds, Rachael Branscomb

The Synapse: Intercollegiate science magazine

No abstract provided.

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Nature Vs Nurture: The Impact Of Genes And Environment On Behavior, Ashley Xu Jan 2018

Nature Vs Nurture: The Impact Of Genes And Environment On Behavior, Ashley Xu

The Synapse: Intercollegiate science magazine

No abstract provided.

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Brain Boost: The Dangers Of Stimulant Abuse In College Students, Rachel Reardon, Monzerat Vargas, Zoe Olivo, Matt Hedman, Cami Walter Jan 2018

Brain Boost: The Dangers Of Stimulant Abuse In College Students, Rachel Reardon, Monzerat Vargas, Zoe Olivo, Matt Hedman, Cami Walter

The Synapse: Intercollegiate science magazine

No abstract provided.

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Germ Theory: How We Became Acquainted With Diseases, Carson Mccann Jan 2018

Germ Theory: How We Became Acquainted With Diseases, Carson Mccann

The Synapse: Intercollegiate science magazine

No abstract provided.

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If Cartilage Wears Away, Hydrogels Can Save The Day: A Look Into The Future Of 3d Printing In The Biomedical Industry, Courtney Broady Jan 2018

If Cartilage Wears Away, Hydrogels Can Save The Day: A Look Into The Future Of 3d Printing In The Biomedical Industry, Courtney Broady

The Synapse: Intercollegiate science magazine

No abstract provided.

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Marcelo Vinces, Victoria Albacete Jan 2018

Marcelo Vinces, Victoria Albacete

The Synapse: Intercollegiate science magazine

No abstract provided.

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Crossword Corner, Rachel Dan Jan 2018

Crossword Corner, Rachel Dan

The Synapse: Intercollegiate science magazine

No abstract provided.

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Knockout Science, Loubna El Idrissi Jan 2018

Knockout Science, Loubna El Idrissi

The Synapse: Intercollegiate science magazine

No abstract provided.

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Jack Of Some Trades: How Trade-Offs Allow Organisms To Succeed Where It Counts, Philip Hurst Jan 2018

Jack Of Some Trades: How Trade-Offs Allow Organisms To Succeed Where It Counts, Philip Hurst

The Synapse: Intercollegiate science magazine

No abstract provided.

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A Different Rainbow: The Science Of Colorblindness, Rachel Dan Jan 2018

A Different Rainbow: The Science Of Colorblindness, Rachel Dan

The Synapse: Intercollegiate science magazine

No abstract provided.

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First Lab-Grown Human Eggs: A Beacon Of Hope For Infertility, Jayla Johnson Jan 2018

First Lab-Grown Human Eggs: A Beacon Of Hope For Infertility, Jayla Johnson

The Synapse: Intercollegiate science magazine

No abstract provided.

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Boredom On The Brain: Could Lab Animal Enrichment Improve Biomedical Research?, Tara Santora Jan 2018

Boredom On The Brain: Could Lab Animal Enrichment Improve Biomedical Research?, Tara Santora

The Synapse: Intercollegiate science magazine

No abstract provided.

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The Death Of The Luminiferous Aether: The Evolution Of Scientific Thought, Miguel Botran Jan 2018

The Death Of The Luminiferous Aether: The Evolution Of Scientific Thought, Miguel Botran

The Synapse: Intercollegiate science magazine

No abstract provided.

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La Llorona: The Ecology Of Folklore, Cella Wright Jan 2018

La Llorona: The Ecology Of Folklore, Cella Wright

The Synapse: Intercollegiate science magazine

No abstract provided.

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Veronica De Pascuale, Jane Sedlak, Victoria Albacete Jan 2018

Veronica De Pascuale, Jane Sedlak, Victoria Albacete

The Synapse: Intercollegiate science magazine

No abstract provided.

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Cartoon Corner, Jack Bens Jan 2018

Cartoon Corner, Jack Bens

The Synapse: Intercollegiate science magazine

No abstract provided.

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Genetics Of Esophageal Cancer: Exploring A Booming Sector Of Cancer Research, Maureen Madar Jan 2018

Genetics Of Esophageal Cancer: Exploring A Booming Sector Of Cancer Research, Maureen Madar

The Synapse: Intercollegiate science magazine

No abstract provided.

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