Physical Sciences and Mathematics Commons^™

Revisiting The Dyonic Majumdar-Papapetrou Black Holes, Seyedhabibollah Mazharimousavi, Mustafa Hali̇lsoy

Turkish Journal of Physics

We extend the Majumdar-Papapetrou solution of the Einstein-Maxwell equations, which are implied generally for static electric charge in nonrotating metrics, to encompass equally well magnetic charges. In the absence of Higgs and non-Abelian gauge fields, 'dyonic' is to be understood in this simpler sense. Cosmologically this may have far-reaching consequences, to the extent that existence of multimagnetic monopole black holes may become a reality in our universe. Infalling charged particle geodesics may reveal, through particular integrals, their inner secrets, which are screened from our observation.

It Is Sufficient To Set The Cosmological Constant To Zero Or To A Small Number At An Initial Time, Recai̇ Erdem

Turkish Journal of Physics

I point out a simple but usually overlooked fact about the cosmological constant problem: to solve the cosmological constant problem it is sufficient to find a symmetry or mechanism that sets the cosmological constant to zero or to a tiny value at some time in the past, provided that general relativity is the relevant theory of gravity, and the energy-momentum tensor (excluding the part of the form of a cosmological constant) is conserved. The relevant symmetry or mechanism need not be applicable today. Any additional cosmological constant term induced by a phase transition in the energy-momentum tensor in this case …

Users Acceptance Of Health Behavioral Change Support Systems, Mohammad Al-Ramahi, Insu Park, Jun Liu

Research & Publications

Behavioral Change Support Systems (BCSSs) is a socio-technical information systems with psychological and behavioral outcomes aim to change users’ behavior and lifestyle. The promising outcomes of BCSSs make them especially useful in certain areas such as healthcare, where these systems could be leveraged to motivate people toward healthy behavior and then help them to achieve their goals better. However, health BCSSs cannot help facilitate self-monitoring and self-management or even improve patients’ health outcomes when patients do not accept the technology first. In this article, we extend the existing literature of users’ acceptance of health BCSSs by introducing new variables that …

The Effect Of Using Wlans On Data Breaches: The Examination Of The Moderating Role Of Meaningful-Use Attestation, Dheyaaldin Alsalman, Insu Park

Research & Publications

Organizations have increasingly deployed wireless local area networks (WLANs) due to the benefits they can have such as mobility and flexibility. Unfortunately, the usage of wireless networks has raised many security concerns due to its capability of mobility. For instance, wireless networks are susceptible to many attacks such as eavesdropping, traffic analysis, data tampering and denial of service (DoS). Our study aims to identify a variable that moderates the effect of the usage of wireless local area networks (WLANs) on the occurrence of data breaches. Therefore, we propose a model that provides a basis for identifying the impact of meaningful-use …

The Impact Of Technology Acceptance And Openess To Innovaion On Software Implementation, Michael Marin Bertini

Walden Dissertations and Doctoral Studies

Senior management decisions to foster innovation and adopt new technology solutions have serious implications for the success of their organization change initiatives. This project examined the issue of senior management decision or reasons of their decision to adopt new Enterprise Resource Planning (ERP) systems as a solution to solve their business problems. This project investigated the degree that perceived ease of use and usefulness of the ERP system influenced decisions made by senior managers to innovate. Roger's diffusion of innovations theory and Davis technology acceptance model theory were used to predict when senior managers were open to innovation, and whether …

Audience Segmentation For Campaign Design: Addressing Climate Change In Singapore, Benjamin H. Detenber, Sonny Rosenthal, Youqing Liao, Shirley S. Ho

Research Collection College of Integrative Studies

A nationally representative telephone survey (n = 1,006) was conducted to understand how different groups of Singaporeans regard the issue of climate change and their inclination toward action in dealing with it. We measured attitudes, knowledge, and perceptions of the problem of climate change and the role of various stakeholders in addressing it. The data were subjected to a latent class analysis to produce three distinctive segments of the population: the concerned, the disengaged, and the passive. These segments stand in contrast to those discovered in the United States, Australia, Germany, and India and suggest different strategies for public engagement …

Bioactivity/Cytotoxicity Of Micro-/Nano-Materials And Novel Development Of Fiber-Optic Probes For Single Cell Monitoring, Qingbo Yang

Doctoral Dissertations

"Manufactured nano-/micro-materials (MNMs) have been widely used and their interactions with niche biological environment are highly concerned for both of their biohazardous and bioactive effects, whereas no available comprehensive evaluations or regulations have been provided yet. This dissertation thus focuses on three major aspects: 1) fundamental toxicity understandings of a typical MNMs (zinc oxide nanoparticles), 2) bioactivity evaluations of representative bioactive MNMs, and 3) development of novel micro-probes for high spatial resolution monitoring. Firstly, the NP's concentration, irradiation, hydrodynamic size, and the localized pH, ionic strength, NP zeta-potential as well as dissolved oxygen levels were found correlated with the production …

The Onset Of Electron-Induced Proton-Transfer In Hydrated Azabenzene Cluster Anions, Yi Wang, Xinxing Zhang, Svetlana Lyapustina, Michael M. Nilles, Shoujun Xu, Jacob D. Graham, Kit H. Bowen, John T. Kelly, Gregory S. Tschumper, Nathan I. Hammer

Chemistry Faculty Research & Creative Works

The prospect that protons from water may be transferred to N-heterocyclic molecules due to the presence of an excess electron is studied in hydrated azobenzene cluster anions using anion photoelectron spectroscopy and computational chemistry. In the case of s-triazine (C₃H₃N₃), which has a positive adiabatic electron affinity, proton transfer is not energetically favored nor observed experimentally. Heterocyclic rings with only 1 or 2 nitrogen atoms have negative electron affinities, but the addition of solvating water molecules can yield stable negative ions. In the case of the diazines (C₄H₄N₂: …

Micro Cavitation Bubbles On The Movement Of An Experimental Submarine: Theory And Experiments, S.C. Mancas, Shahrdad G. Sajjadi, Asalie Anderson, Derek Hoffman

Publications

To understand the nature of movement of submarine, micro cavitation bubbles were systematically diffused around the exterior of a test body (tube) fully submerged in a water tank. The primary purpose was to assess the feasibility of applying micro cavitation as a means of depth control for underwater vehicles, mainly but not limited to submarines. Ideally, the results would indicate the use of micro cavitation as a more efficient alternative to underwater vehicle depth control than the conventional ballast tank method. The current approach utilizes the Archimedes' principle of buoyancy to alter the density of the object affected, making it …

Existence Of Periodic Orbits In Nonlinear Oscillators Of Emden-Fowler Form, S.C. Mancas, Haret C. Rosu

Publications

The nonlinear pseudo-oscillator recently tackled by Gadella and Lara is mapped to an Emden–Fowler (EF) equation that is written as an autonomous two-dimensional ODE system for which we provide the phase-space analysis and the parametric solution. Through an invariant transformation we find periodic solutions to a certain class of EF equations that pass an integrability condition. We show that this condition is necessary to have periodic solutions and via the ODE analysis we also find the sufficient condition for periodic orbits. EF equations that do not pass integrability conditions can be made integrable via an invariant transformation which also allows …

Nongauge Bright Soliton Of The Nonlinear Schrodinger (Nls) Equation And A Family Of Generalized Nls Equations, M. A. Reyes, D. Gutierrez-Ruiz, S. C. Mancas, H. C. Rosu

Publications

We present an approach to the bright soliton solution of the nonlinear Schrödinger (NLS) equation from the standpoint of introducing a constant potential term in the equation. We discuss a “nongauge” bright soliton for which both the envelope and the phase depend only on the traveling variable. We also construct a family of generalized NLS equations with solitonic sechpsechp solutions in the traveling variable and find an exact equivalence with other nonlinear equations, such as the Korteveg–de Vries (KdV) and Benjamin–Bona–Mahony (BBM) equations when p=2.

Lazer: Distributed Memory-Efficient Assembly Of Large-Scale Genomes, Sayan Goswami, Arghya Kusum Das, Richard Platania, Kisung Lee, Seung Jong Park

Computer Science Faculty Research & Creative Works

Genome sequencing technology has witnessed tremendous progress in terms of throughput as well as cost per base pair, resulting in an explosion in the size of data. Consequently, typical sequence assembly tools demand a lot of processing power and memory and are unable to assemble big datasets unless run on hundreds of nodes. In this paper, we present a distributed assembler that achieves both scalability and memory efficiency by using partitioned de Bruijn graphs. By enhancing the memory-to-disk swapping and reducing the network communication in the cluster, we can assemble large sequences such as human genomes (452 GB) on just …

Blended Learning In Chemistry Laboratory Courses: Enhancing Learning Outcomes And Aligning Student Needs With Available Resources, Shayna Brianne Burchett

Doctoral Dissertations

"Freshman science courses are intended to prepare students for the rigor and expectations of subsequent college science. While secondary education aims to prepare students for the college curriculum, many incoming freshman lack the sense of responsibility for their own learning that is essential for success in a college-level course. The freshman general-chemistry laboratory course at Missouri University of Science and Technology (Missouri S&T) was identified as a bottleneck course with a demand beyond accommodation capacity. To address the bottleneck and develop a sense of learner responsibility, a decision was made to investigate laboratory course delivery strategies. As a result of …

Detecting, Segmenting And Tracking Bio-Medical Objects, Mingzhong Li

Doctoral Dissertations

"Studying the behavior patterns of biomedical objects helps scientists understand the underlying mechanisms. With computer vision techniques, automated monitoring can be implemented for efficient and effective analysis in biomedical studies. Promising applications have been carried out in various research topics, including insect group monitoring, malignant cell detection and segmentation, human organ segmentation and nano-particle tracking.

In general, applications of computer vision techniques in monitoring biomedical objects include the following stages: detection, segmentation and tracking. Challenges in each stage will potentially lead to unsatisfactory results of automated monitoring. These challenges include different foreground-background contrast, fast motion blur, clutter, object overlap and …

Mechanisms For Improving Information Quality In Smartphone Crowdsensing Systems, Francesco Restuccia

Doctoral Dissertations

"Given its potential for a large variety of real-life applications, smartphone crowdsensing has recently gained tremendous attention from the research community. Smartphone crowdsensing is a paradigm that allows ordinary citizens to participate in large-scale sensing surveys by using user-friendly applications installed in their smartphones. In this way, fine-grained sensing information is obtained from smartphone users without employing fixed and expensive infrastructure, and with negligible maintenance costs.

Existing smartphone sensing systems depend completely on the participants' willingness to submit up-to-date and accurate information regarding the events being monitored. Therefore, it becomes paramount to scalably and effectively determine, enforce, and optimize the …

Book Review: Student Writing In The Quantitative Disciplines: A Guide For College Faculty, Mark Causapin

All Works

No abstract provided.

Change-Point Detection In The Marginal Distribution Of A Linear Process, Farid El Ktaibi, B. Gail Ivanoff

All Works

© 2016, Institute of Mathematical Statistics. All rights reserved. The subject of this paper is the detection of a change in the marginal distribution of a stationary linear process. By considering the marginal distribution, the change-point model can simultaneously incorporate any change in the coefficients and/or the innovations of the linear process. Furthermore, the change point can be random and data dependent. The key is an analysis of the asymptotic behaviour of the sequential empirical process, both with and without a change point. Our results hold under very mild conditions on the existence of any moment of the innovations and …

Cloud-Based Lineament Extraction Of Topographic Lineaments From Nasa Shuttle Radar Topography Mission Data, Feras Al-Obeidat, Leonardo Feltrin, Farhi Marir

All Works

© 2016 The Authors. This paper presents initial results of a JavaTM based, feature extraction tool, which represents a standard implementation of a hill-shading algorithm that transforms a 2D image to pseudo 3D image to enhance edge contrast in combination with an edge detection Canny algorithm that performs segmentation to produce multidirectional sun-shaded images and their edges. Our goal is to firstly automate this processes in JavaTM to obtain multidirectional optimization of edge discovery and secondly scale this algorithm to the complete SRTM raster collection at multiple pixel resolutions to document the distribution of Earth topographic discontinuities from continental to …

Exploring Consciousness Through The Qualitative Content Of Equations, Ashok Narasimhan, Menas C. Kafatos

Mathematics, Physics, and Computer Science Faculty Articles and Research

The majority of the focus on equations in physics has been on the mathematical and computational aspects. Here we focus on the qualitative content of what the relationships expressed in equations imply. In some sense, we are asking foundational questions about the ontology of equations.

Aquatic Food Webs And Heavy Metal Contamination In The Upper Blackfoot River, Montana, Jack E. Landers

Graduate Student Theses, Dissertations, & Professional Papers

Acid mine drainage (AMD), characterized by low pH and abundant heavy metals, is a widespread problem affecting water quality and fish habitat in Montana. Montana’s upper Blackfoot River exhibits impaired water quality from historic mining that has significantly degraded aquatic habitat and reduced fish and invertebrate abundance in impacted streams. The goal of this study is to investigate the direct and indirect effects of mine-related heavy metals contamination on aquatic ecosystems by examining changes in aquatic community composition, bioaccumulation, and toxicity risk of heavy metals along a contamination gradient in the upper Blackfoot River. Three primary research questions were addressed …

Hazardready – A Geographically Based Natural Hazard Education And Preparedness Web Application, Carson C. Macpherson-Krutsky Ms.

Graduate Student Theses, Dissertations, & Professional Papers

Earthquakes, floods, wildfires, and other natural disasters are inevitable and costly both in terms of lives lost and money spent on recovery. Scientific research on natural hazards is widely shared within the scientific community, but is less often made more widely accessible, as methods or pathways for providing scientific natural hazard information and data in non-technical language are limited. Priorities for imparting hazard information include: 1) scientific accuracy, 2) spatial granularity, 3) integration of information about all relevant hazards, 4) nontechnical content, 5) appropriate preparedness activities, and 6) engagement with existing disaster response and mitigation capabilities. In response to these …

Modeling The Cryosphere With Fenics, Evan M. Cummings

Graduate Student Theses, Dissertations, & Professional Papers

This manuscript is a collection of problems and solutions related to modeling the cryosphere using the finite element software FEniCS. Included is an introduction to the finite element method; solutions to a variety of problems in one, two, and three dimensions; an overview of popular stabilization techniques for numerically-unstable problems; and an introduction to the governing equations of ice-sheet dynamics with associated FEniCS implementations. The software developed for this project, Cryospheric Problem Solver (CSLVR), is fully open-source and has been designed with the goal of simplifying many common tasks associated with modeling the cryosphere. CSLVR possesses the ability to download …

An Architecture For Qos-Enabled Mobile Video Surveillance Applications In A 4g Epc And M2m Environment, Mohammad Abu-Lebdeh, Fatna Belqasmi, Roch Glitho

All Works

© 2016 IEEE. Mobile video surveillance applications are used widely nowadays. They offer real-time video monitoring for homes, offices, warehouses, airports, and so on with live and pre-recorded on-demand video streaming. Quality of service (QoS) remains a key challenge faced by most of these applications. In this article, we propose an architecture for mobile video surveillance applications with a guaranteed and differentiated QoS support. The architecture relies on the 3GPP 4G evolved packet core (EPC). The main components are the QoS enabler, media server, and machine-to-machine gateway and surveillance application. To demonstrate its feasibility, a proof of concept prototype has …

An Elastic Hybrid Sensing Platform: Architecture And Research Challenges, Sleiman Rabah, Fatna Belqasmi, Rabeb Mizouni, Rachida Dssouli

All Works

© 2016 Published by Elsevier B.V. The dynamic provisioning of hybrid sensing services that integrates both WSN and MPS is a promising, yet challenging concept. It does not only widen the spatial sensing coverage, but it also enables different types of sensing nodes to collaboratively perform sensing tasks and complement each other. Furthermore, it allows for the provisioning of a new category of services that was not possible to implement in pure WSN or MPS networks. Offering a hybrid sensing platform as a service results in several benefits including, but no limited to, efficient sharing and dynamic management of sensing …

A Saddlepoint Approximation To Left-Tailed Hypothesis Tests Of Variance For Non-Normal Populations, Tyler L. Grimes

UNF Graduate Theses and Dissertations

When the variance of a single population needs to be assessed, the well-known chi-squared test of variance is often used but relies heavily on its normality assumption. For non-normal populations, few alternative tests have been developed to conduct left tailed hypothesis tests of variance. This thesis outlines a method for generating new test statistics using a saddlepoint approximation. Several novel test statistics are proposed. The type-I error rates and power of each test are evaluated using a Monte Carlo simulation study. One of the proposed test statistics, R_gamma2, controls type-I error rates better than existing tests, while having comparable power. …

Vulnerabililty Analysis Of Multi-Factor Authentication Protocols, Keith Garrett

UNF Graduate Theses and Dissertations

In this thesis, the author hypothesizes that the use of computationally intensive mathematical operations in password authentication protocols can lead to security vulnerabilities in those protocols. In order to test this hypothesis: 1. A generalized algorithm for cryptanalysis was formulated to perform a clogging attack (a formof denial of service) on protocols that use computationally intensive modular exponentiation to guarantee security. 2. This technique was then applied to cryptanalyze four recent password authentication protocols, to determine their susceptibility to the clogging attack. The protocols analyzed in this thesis differ in their usage of factors (smart cards, memory drives, etc.) or …

Challenging The Efficient Market Hypothesis With Dynamically Trained Artificial Neural Networks, Kevin M. Harper

UNF Graduate Theses and Dissertations

A review of the literature applying Multilayer Perceptron (MLP) based Artificial Neural Networks (ANNs) to market forecasting leads to three observations: 1) It is clear that simple ANNs, like other nonlinear machine learning techniques, are capable of approximating general market trends 2) It is not clear to what extent such forecasted trends are reliably exploitable in terms of profits obtained via trading activity 3) Most research with ANNs reporting profitable trading activity relies on ANN models trained over one fixed interval which is then tested on a separate out-of-sample fixed interval, and it is not clear to what extent these …

A New Right Tailed Test Of The Ratio Of Variances, Elizabeth Rochelle Lesser

UNF Graduate Theses and Dissertations

It is important to be able to compare variances efficiently and accurately regardless of the parent populations. This study proposes a new right tailed test for the ratio of two variances using the Edgeworth’s expansion. To study the Type I error rate and Power performance, simulation was performed on the new test with various combinations of symmetric and skewed distributions. It is found to have more controlled Type I error rates than the existing tests. Additionally, it also has sufficient power. Therefore, the newly derived test provides a good robust alternative to the already existing methods.

Two Problems Of Gerhard Ringel, Adrian Pastine

Dissertations, Master's Theses and Master's Reports

Gerhard Ringel was an Austrian Mathematician, and is regarded as one of the most influential graph theorists of the twentieth century. This work deals with two problems that arose from Ringel's research: the Hamilton-Waterloo Problem, and the problem of R-Sequences.

The Hamilton-Waterloo Problem (HWP) in the case of C_m-factors and C_n-factors asks whether K_v, where v is odd (or K_v-F, where F is a 1-factor and v is even), can be decomposed into r copies of a 2-factor made entirely of m-cycles and s copies of a 2-factor made entirely of …

Comparison Of Different Seismic Filtering Techniques On Prestack Inversion For Penobscot Area-Nova Scotia, Omer Emre Uygun

Dissertations, Master's Theses and Master's Reports

The goal of this study is to compare three different type of seismic filtering according to their inversion results and their quality of data improvements. To do this bandpass filter, Inverse Q, and Radon transform are applied to the original NMO corrected pre-stack data from Nova-Scotia offshore Canada.

The seismic data used was provided as pre-stack data of generally good quality. The test for quality of data improvement comes from the results of inversion based on different types of filtering performed on the pre-stack gathers.

Bandpass filter, Inverse Q, and Radon transform are applied to the migrated prestack data, over …