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Articles 1 - 30 of 232
Full-Text Articles in Physical Sciences and Mathematics
Back-Flow Prevention Strategies For Stormwater Lines, Ron Evins
Back-Flow Prevention Strategies For Stormwater Lines, Ron Evins
September 29, 2016: Adaptive Structures and Innovative Solutions
No abstract provided.
Emily Steinhilber Column: Virginia's Leadership In Flood Resilience, Emily E. Steinhilber
Emily Steinhilber Column: Virginia's Leadership In Flood Resilience, Emily E. Steinhilber
News Items
No abstract provided.
Plasma Processes And Polymers Third Special Issue On Plasma And Cancer, Mounir Laroussi, Annemie Bogaerts, Nazir Barekzi
Plasma Processes And Polymers Third Special Issue On Plasma And Cancer, Mounir Laroussi, Annemie Bogaerts, Nazir Barekzi
Electrical & Computer Engineering Faculty Publications
(First paragraph) This issue of Plasma Processes and Polymers is the third in a series on the applications of low temperature plasma (LTP) against cancer, or “plasma oncology.” The papers in this issue are inspired from the talks given at the third International Workshop on Plasma for Cancer Treatment (IWPCT) which took place on April 11–12, 2016 in Washington, DC, USA. IWPCT is an international workshop that was created in 2014 as a venue to share cutting edge plasma oncology research. The first IWPCT was held in Washington DC, under the co-chairmanship of Prof. Mounir Laroussi (Old Dominion University) and …
Version 1.3 Aim Sofie Measured Methane (Ch4): Validation And Seasonal Climatology, P. P. Rong, J. M. Russell Iii, B. T. Marshall, D. E. Siskind, M. E. Hervig, L. L. Gordley, P. F. Bernath, K. A. Walker
Version 1.3 Aim Sofie Measured Methane (Ch4): Validation And Seasonal Climatology, P. P. Rong, J. M. Russell Iii, B. T. Marshall, D. E. Siskind, M. E. Hervig, L. L. Gordley, P. F. Bernath, K. A. Walker
Chemistry & Biochemistry Faculty Publications
The V1.3 methane (CH4) measured by the Aeronomy of Ice in the Mesosphere (AIM) Solar Occultation for Ice Experiment (SOFIE) instrument is validated in the vertical range of ~25–70 km. The random error for SOFIE CH4 is ~0.1–1% up to ~50 km and degrades to ~9% at ∼ 70 km. The systematic error remains at ~4% throughout the stratosphere and lower mesosphere. Comparisons with CH4 data taken by the SCISAT Atmospheric Chemistry Experiment-Fourier Transform Spectrometer (ACE-FTS) and the Envisat Michelson Interferometer for Passive Atmospheric Sounding (MIPAS) show an agreement within ~15% in the altitude range ~30–60 …
Commonwealth Center For Recurrent Flooding Resiliency: An Update, Morris Foster, John Wells
Commonwealth Center For Recurrent Flooding Resiliency: An Update, Morris Foster, John Wells
Commonwealth Center for Recurrent Flooding Resiliency (CCRFR): Presentations
October 17th, 2016 Update to Joint Subcommittee on Coastal Flooding. PDF of powerpoint presentation.
Protecting The Most Vulnerable, Joshua G. Behr
Protecting The Most Vulnerable, Joshua G. Behr
VMASC Publications
No abstract provided.
Circulation, Vol. 22, No. 1, Center For Coastal Physical Oceanography, Old Dominion University, Mike Dinniman
Circulation, Vol. 22, No. 1, Center For Coastal Physical Oceanography, Old Dominion University, Mike Dinniman
CCPO Circulation
Fall 2016 issue of CCPO Circulation featuring article "I have to Do What to the Model? How Did I Get Here, Part ll" by Mike Dinniman.
Hampton Roads Sea Level Rise Preparedness And Resilience Intergovernmental Pilot Project. Phase 2 Report: Recommendations, Accomplishments And Lessons Learned, Emily E. Steinhilber, Maura Boswell, Carol Considine, Larry Mast
Hampton Roads Sea Level Rise Preparedness And Resilience Intergovernmental Pilot Project. Phase 2 Report: Recommendations, Accomplishments And Lessons Learned, Emily E. Steinhilber, Maura Boswell, Carol Considine, Larry Mast
Hampton Roads Intergovernmental Pilot Project: Reports
Executive Summary
After two years, the Hampton Roads Sea level Rise and Resilience Intergovernmental Planning Pilot Project (Intergovernmental Pilot Project or IPP), convened at Old Dominion University, has come to a successful close. Although the conclusion of the project is different than originally imagined by the drafters of the IPP Charter, the process in and of itself brought hundreds of stakeholders together, built lasting and ongoing relationships, and produced many workable recommendations for the region that can be accomplished by a variety of partnerships. The key deliverables include a whole of government mitigation and adaptation planning process and an integrated …
Simulation And Optimization Of Ant Colony Optimization Algorithm For The Stochiastic Uncapacitated Location-Allocation Problem, Jean-Paul Arnaout, Georges Arnaout, John El Khoury
Simulation And Optimization Of Ant Colony Optimization Algorithm For The Stochiastic Uncapacitated Location-Allocation Problem, Jean-Paul Arnaout, Georges Arnaout, John El Khoury
Engineering Management & Systems Engineering Faculty Publications
This study proposes a novel methodology towards using ant colony optimization (ACO) with stochastic demand. In particular, an optimizationsimulation-optimization approach is used to solve the Stochastic uncapacitated location-allocation problem with an unknown number of facilities, and an objective of minimizing the fixed and transportation costs. ACO is modeled using discrete event simulation to capture the randomness of customers’ demand, and its objective is to optimize the costs. On the other hand, the simulated ACO’s parameters are also optimized to guarantee superior solutions. This approach’s performance is evaluated by comparing its solutions to the ones obtained using deterministic data. The results …
Preface-Jes Focus Issue On Electrolysis For Increased Renewable Energy Penetration, B. Pivovar, M. Carmo, K. Ayers, X. Zhang, J. O'Brien
Preface-Jes Focus Issue On Electrolysis For Increased Renewable Energy Penetration, B. Pivovar, M. Carmo, K. Ayers, X. Zhang, J. O'Brien
Mechanical & Aerospace Engineering Faculty Publications
(First paragraph) Today represents a particularly exciting time, as our planet’s energy system is undergoing major changes due to dramatically decreasing renewable energy prices and increasing societal concerns over greenhouse gas emissions, criteria pollutants (arsenic, mercury, NOx, particulate matter), and climate change. These factors are pushing society toward deep decarbonization of our energy system, perhaps the most challenging issue facing the planet today. Unfortunately, wind and solar energy, while both promising generation sources, come with intermittency challenges and have limitations in their abilities to impact industrial and transportation sector demands where fossil fuel energy carriers based on chemical bonds have …
Impact Of Upper-Tropospheric Temperature Anomalies And Vertical Wind Shear On Tropical Cyclone Evolution Using An Idealized Version Of The Operational Gfdl Hurricane Model, Robert E. Tuleya, Morris Bender, Thomas R. Knutson, Joseph R. Sirutis, Biju Thomas, Isaac Ginis
Impact Of Upper-Tropospheric Temperature Anomalies And Vertical Wind Shear On Tropical Cyclone Evolution Using An Idealized Version Of The Operational Gfdl Hurricane Model, Robert E. Tuleya, Morris Bender, Thomas R. Knutson, Joseph R. Sirutis, Biju Thomas, Isaac Ginis
CCPO Publications
The GFDL hurricane modeling system, initiated in the 1970s, has progressed from a research tool to an operational system over four decades. This system is still in use today in research and operations, and its evolution will be briefly described. This study used an idealized version of the 2014 GFDL model to test its sensitivity across a wide range of three environmental factors that are often identified as key factors in tropical cyclone (TC) evolution: SST, atmospheric stability (upper-air thermal anomalies), and vertical wind shear (westerly through easterly). A wide range of minimum central pressure intensities resulted (905-980 hPa). The …
Coastal Groundwater Watch: A Citizen Science Project - Report No. 477, Alex Manda, Thomas Allen
Coastal Groundwater Watch: A Citizen Science Project - Report No. 477, Alex Manda, Thomas Allen
Political Science & Geography Faculty Publications
The goals of this study were to utilize citizen scientists in groundwater research in a coastal community where groundwater plays a large role in sustainable water resources management, and assess the extent of groundwater and marine inundation in response to future sea-level rise scenarios. A total of 7 citizen scientists participated in the study by measuring water levels from 15 groundwater monitoring wells using water level meters once a week over a 10-week period. Automated water level loggers were deployed in three of the same wells to assess the quality of the data collected by the citizen scientists. Additional water …
Exploring New Models For Seatbelt Use In Survey Data, Mark K. Ledbetter, Norou Diawara, Bryan E. Porter
Exploring New Models For Seatbelt Use In Survey Data, Mark K. Ledbetter, Norou Diawara, Bryan E. Porter
Virginia Journal of Science
Problem: Several approaches to analyze seatbelt use have been proposed in the literature. Two methods that has not been explored are the use of unweighted and weighted logistic regression model and the use of item response theory (IRT) or the Rasch model. Since accurate methods to predict seatbelt use behavior based upon observed data must include a built-in design method and model, and overcome computation challenges, weighted and IRT method deem to be other options for an observational survey of seat belt use in the state of Virginia.
Method: The observed data from 136 sites within the Commonwealth …
Multiple Imputation Of Missing Data In Structural Equation Models With Mediators And Moderators Using Gradient Boosted Machine Learning, Robert J. Milletich Ii
Multiple Imputation Of Missing Data In Structural Equation Models With Mediators And Moderators Using Gradient Boosted Machine Learning, Robert J. Milletich Ii
Psychology Theses & Dissertations
Mediation and moderated mediation models are two commonly used models for indirect effects analysis. In practice, missing data is a pervasive problem in structural equation modeling with psychological data. Multiple imputation (MI) is one method used to estimate model parameters in the presence of missing data, while accounting for uncertainty due to the missing data. Unfortunately, commonly used MI methods are not equipped to handle categorical variables or nonlinear variables such as interactions. In this study, we introduce a general MI framework that uses the Bayesian bootstrap (BB) method to generate posterior inferences for indirect effects and gradient boosted machine …
Potential Impacts Of Climate Change On Photochemistry Of Zostera Marina L., Billur Celebi
Potential Impacts Of Climate Change On Photochemistry Of Zostera Marina L., Billur Celebi
OES Theses and Dissertations
Seagrasses account for approximately 10% of the ocean’s total carbon storage, although photosynthesis of seagrasses is carbon limited at today’s oceanic pH. Therefore, increasing atmospheric CO2 concentration, which results in ocean acidification/carbonation, is predicted to have a positive impact on seagrass productivity. Previous studies have confirmed the positive influence of increasing CO2 on photosynthesis and survival of the temperate eelgrass Zostera marina L., but the acclimation of photoprotective mechanisms in this context has not been characterized. This study aimed to quantify the long-term impacts of ocean acidification on photochemical control mechanisms that promote photosynthesis while simultaneously protecting …
Electroproduction Of Neutral Pion Off Helium-4, Bayram Torayev
Electroproduction Of Neutral Pion Off Helium-4, Bayram Torayev
Physics Theses & Dissertations
Deeply virtual exclusive processes offer a unique opportunity to study the internal structure of the nucleon and nuclei. The goal of this work is to extract the beam-spin asymmetry in deeply virtual coherent neutral pion electroproduction, e4He → e′4He′π0, using the CLAS detector in the experimental Hall B at Thomas Jefferson National Accelerator Facility. The data were collected in 2009 with a 6 GeV longitudinally polarized electron beam impinging on a 30 cm long, 6 atm Helium-4 gaseous target. In order to ensure that the process is coherent, a new Radial Time Projection Chamber …
Changing Trends In Wave Heights In The U.S. Mid-Atlantic Region, Hillary Lane
Changing Trends In Wave Heights In The U.S. Mid-Atlantic Region, Hillary Lane
Civil & Environmental Engineering Theses & Dissertations
The pace and effects of climate change are an area of constant focus for coastal engineers as evolving patterns in the atmosphere worldwide affect the oceans and coasts on a regional and global scale. Surface waves respond to changing wind patterns both locally and from propagating swell, and the difficulty in predicting future wind patterns is well-established. Expectations that climate change will result in more frequent and intense coastal storms and consequently greater wave heights in the North Atlantic are still unrealized, and recent forecasts from a variety of atmosphere-ocean coupled global climate models instead predict decreasing wave heights through …
Effects Of Surrounding Water Table On A Forested Wetland Habitat In East Coast Of Virginia, Lane Stokes
Effects Of Surrounding Water Table On A Forested Wetland Habitat In East Coast Of Virginia, Lane Stokes
Civil & Environmental Engineering Theses & Dissertations
Exchanges into and out of a wetland, including surface water flow, groundwater flow, and constituents in the flows, usually determine the wetland physicochemical characteristics and biodiversity. To date, of these three exchanges, groundwater flow is the least studied, particularly in the United States of America. In this thesis, field observations were conducted at a forested non-tidal wetland, located on a flat hilltop. The position of the wetland is such that groundwater outflow is the only significant exchange that could be impacted by the surrounding land use. In addition, a spatially variable steady-state model was set up to extrapolate the observations …
Longitudinal Tidal Dispersion Coefficient Estimation And Total Suspended Solids Transport Characterization In The James River, Beatriz Eugenia Patino
Longitudinal Tidal Dispersion Coefficient Estimation And Total Suspended Solids Transport Characterization In The James River, Beatriz Eugenia Patino
Civil & Environmental Engineering Theses & Dissertations
The longitudinal dispersion coefficient is a parameter used to evaluate the effect of cross-sectional variations on substance mixing mechanisms in estuaries influenced by tide, wind and internal density variations. Considering a two dimensional approach, this study aims at evaluating a tidal area of the lower James River at approximately 19 miles upstream from the mouth at the Chesapeake Bay, in the City of Newport News, and applies an experimental procedure based on in-situ salinity concentrations to estimate the dispersion coefficient in the area where receives a discharge from the HRSD James River Wastewater Treatment Plant, and further characterizes Total Suspended …
Bioenergetics: Experimental Demonstration Of Excess Protons And Related Features, Haitham A. Saeed
Bioenergetics: Experimental Demonstration Of Excess Protons And Related Features, Haitham A. Saeed
Chemistry & Biochemistry Theses & Dissertations
Over the last 50 years, ever since the Nobel-prize work of Peter Mitchell’s Chemiosmotic theory, the question whether bioenergetics energy transduction occurs through localized or delocalized protons has been a controversial issue among scientists. Recently, a proton-electrostatics localization hypothesis was formulated which may provide a new and clear understanding of localized and delocalized proton-coupling energy transduction in many biological systems. The aim of this dissertation was to test this new hypothesis.
To demonstrate the fundamental behavior of localized protons in a pure water-membrane-water system in relation to the newly derived pmf equation, excess protons and excess hydroxyl anions were generated …
Distributions Of Euphausia Superba, Euphausia Crystallorophias, And Pleuragramma Antarcticum With Correlations To Environmental Variables In The Western Ross Sea, Antarctica, Linnea Brynn Davis
Distributions Of Euphausia Superba, Euphausia Crystallorophias, And Pleuragramma Antarcticum With Correlations To Environmental Variables In The Western Ross Sea, Antarctica, Linnea Brynn Davis
OES Theses and Dissertations
Antarctic krill (Euphausia superba), crystal krill (Euphausia crystallorophias), and Antarctic silverfish (Pleuragramma antarcticum) are key mid-trophic level species in the Ross Sea food web that provide connectivity between primary production and the upper trophic levels. Distributions of these species were constructed from net-based and acoustic observations collected in the western Ross Sea from 1988-2004. Distributions of environmental conditions in the Ross Sea were obtained from a high-resolution circulation model (temperature, mixed layer depth, surface speed) and satellite-derived observations (chlorophyll, sea ice cover). These distributions were analyzed with a range of statistical methods to determine …
Investigation Of Multi-Photon Excitation In Argon With Applications In Hypersonic Flow Diagnostics, Jack L. Mills
Investigation Of Multi-Photon Excitation In Argon With Applications In Hypersonic Flow Diagnostics, Jack L. Mills
Physics Theses & Dissertations
Non-intrusive flow diagnostics are essential for studying the physics of hypersonic flow wake regions. To advance the development of next generation hypersonic vehicles and to improve computational fluid dynamics techniques in the hypersonic regime, NASA needs a suitable non-intrusive diagnostic technique to measure velocity, density, and temperature. We will present our work on developing a seedless, non-intrusive diagnostic technique using excited state argon atoms, prepared via multi-photon excitation. In this dissertation, we report results on the first phase of this hypersonic wake measurement project. In particular, we have redesigned and characterized the performance of a high energy, nanosecond pulsed Ti:Sapphire …
Cartographic Potential Of New Technologies: Hu:Care, William B. Moore
Cartographic Potential Of New Technologies: Hu:Care, William B. Moore
September 29, 2016: Adaptive Structures and Innovative Solutions
No abstract provided.
Agenda, Hampton Roads Sea Level Rise/Flooding Adaptation Forum, Hr Adaptation Forum
Agenda, Hampton Roads Sea Level Rise/Flooding Adaptation Forum, Hr Adaptation Forum
September 29, 2016: Adaptive Structures and Innovative Solutions
Agenda for the Hampton Roads Sea Level Rise/Flooding Adaptation Forum on September 29, 2016 at the Hampton University Conference Room 204, the Bemis Laboratories, 713 Orchard Road, Hampton, VA.
Using Rare Earth Elements To Constrain Particulate Organic Carbon Flux In The East China Sea, Chin-Chang Hung, Ya-Feng Chen, Shih-Chieh Hsu, Kui Wang, Jianfang Chen, David J. Burdige
Using Rare Earth Elements To Constrain Particulate Organic Carbon Flux In The East China Sea, Chin-Chang Hung, Ya-Feng Chen, Shih-Chieh Hsu, Kui Wang, Jianfang Chen, David J. Burdige
OES Faculty Publications
Fluxes of particulate organic carbon (POC) in the East China Sea (ECS) have been reported to decrease from the inner continental shelf towards the outer continental shelf. Recent research has shown that POC fluxes in the ECS may be overestimated due to active sediment resuspension. To better characterize the effect of sediment resuspension on particle fluxes in the ECS, rare earth elements (REEs) and organic carbon (OC) were used in separate two-member mixing models to evaluate trap-collected POC fluxes. The ratio of resuspended particles from sediments to total trap-collected particles in the ECS ranged from 82-94% using the OC mixing …
Climate Change Is The Reason We Need For Resiliency, Michael Allen
Climate Change Is The Reason We Need For Resiliency, Michael Allen
News Items
Guest editorial by Michael Allen concerning the draft of the Norfolk Vision 2100 by the Norfolk Planning Department.
Is The Detection Of Accelerated Sea Level Rise Imminent?, J. T. Fasullo, R. S. Nerem, B. Hamlington
Is The Detection Of Accelerated Sea Level Rise Imminent?, J. T. Fasullo, R. S. Nerem, B. Hamlington
CCPO Publications
Global mean sea level rise estimated from satellite altimetry provides a strong constraint on climate variability and change and is expected to accelerate as the rates of both ocean warming and cryospheric mass loss increase over time. In stark contrast to this expectation however, current altimeter products show the rate of sea level rise to have decreased from the first to second decades of the altimeter era. Here, a combined analysis of altimeter data and specially designed climate model simulations shows the 1991 eruption of Mt Pinatubo to likely have masked the acceleration that would have otherwise occurred. This masking …
Revisiting The Problem Of The Gulf Stream Separation: On The Representation Of Topography In Ocean Models With Different Types Of Vertical Grids, Tal Ezer
CCPO Publications
The difficulty of simulating a realistic Gulf Stream (GS) that separates from the coast at Cape Hatteras has troubled numerical ocean modelers for a long time, and the problem is evident in different models, from the early models of the 1980s to the modern models of today. The source of the problem is not completely understood yet, since GS simulations are sensitive to many different factors, such as numerical parameterization, model grid, treatment of topography and forcing fields. A curious result of early models is that models with terrain-following vertical grids (e.g., “sigma” or “s” coordinates) seem to achieve a …
A Tribute To Thomas M. Church: Exploring Chemical Oceanography In The Coastal Zone-The History And Future, Gregory A. Cutter, David J. Burdige
A Tribute To Thomas M. Church: Exploring Chemical Oceanography In The Coastal Zone-The History And Future, Gregory A. Cutter, David J. Burdige
OES Faculty Publications
(First paragraph) One can find different historical perspectives on the development of studying the chemistry of oceans as well as names for this study—marine chemistry, chemistry of the sea, marine aquatic chemistry, marine biogeochemistry, or chemical oceanography. It could be argued that chemical oceanography is the most inclusive for an earth science since oceanography itself is an integrated discipline that links the biology, chemistry, geology, and physics together. Regardless of the name, perhaps the first intensive, modern/post-nineteenth century study of the ocean’s chemistry was the GEOSECS Program from ca. 1970–1978. The significance of GEOSECS was that it examined the chemistry …
Robust Algorithms For Estimating Vehicle Movement From Motion Sensors Within Smartphones, Ilyas Ustun
Robust Algorithms For Estimating Vehicle Movement From Motion Sensors Within Smartphones, Ilyas Ustun
Computational Modeling & Simulation Engineering Theses & Dissertations
Building sustainable traffic control solutions for urban streets (e.g., eco-friendly signal control) and highways requires effective and reliable sensing capabilities for monitoring traffic flow conditions so that both the temporal and spatial extents of congestion are observed. This would enable optimal control strategies to be implemented for maximizing efficiency and for minimizing the environmental impacts of traffic. Various types of traffic detection systems, such as inductive loops, radar, and cameras have been used for these purposes. However, these systems are limited, both in scope and in time. Using GPS as an alternative method is not always viable because of problems …