Physical Sciences and Mathematics | Open Access Articles

ขยะอิเล็กทรอนิกส์...อันตรายที่คุณช่วยได้, สุพัตรา วิเศษสุข

Thai Environment

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เรื่องเก่าที่คุ้นเคย.....กับคำใหม่ที่เรียกว่า.....Phytoremediation., พันธวัศ สัมพันธ์พานิช

Thai Environment

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กลยุทธ์ในการจัดการสิ่งแวดล้อมของชุมชน, กลิ่นประทุม ปัญญาปิง

Thai Environment

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การพัฒนาอุตสาหกรรมเชิงนิเวศ : แนวคิดใหม่ของการพัฒนาอย่างยั่งยืน และเพื่อการอยู่รอดในการแข่งขันทางการค้าระดับโลก, อรทัย ชวาลภาฤทธิ์

Thai Environment

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สิ่งแวดล้อมน่ารู้คู่โลกสวย

Thai Environment

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Comments On The Mechanism Of Aging Of Antimony Doped Tin Oxide Based Electrochromic Devices, Joo C. Chan, Nicole A. Hannah, Shankar B. Rananavare, Laura Yeager, Liviu Dinescu, Ashok Saraswat, Pradeep Iyer, James P. Coleman

Chemistry Faculty Publications and Presentations

Electrochromic effects of antimony doped tin oxide (ATO) nanoparticles are investigated to probe device yellowing (degradation). Voltage vs contrast ratio curves exhibit hysteresis, i.e., image-sticking phenomena due to irreversible charge insertion. X-ray, impedance and optical b* studies suggest that the yellowing/charge trapping is nanoparticle size-dependent with 4 nm size particles exhibiting the least yellowing. Yellowing results in increased impedances of electrode–electrolyte interface and electrode corrosion. Plausible sources of discoloration are formation of insulating complex alkali oxide film, carrier inversion (n-to-p type) through electrochemical Li doping, redeposition of the corroded electrode material and perhaps residual concentration of charge-transfer species.

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K X N Trust-Based Agent Reputation, Christopher Alonzo Parker

Theses and Dissertations

In this research, a multi-agent system called KMAS is presented that models an environment of intelligent, autonomous, rational, and adaptive agents that reason about trust, and adapt trust based on experience. Agents reason and adapt using a modification of the k-Nearest Neighbor algorithm called (k X n) Nearest Neighbor where k neighbors recommend reputation values for trust during each of n interactions. Reputation allows a single agent to receive recommendations about the trustworthiness of others. One goal is to present a recommendation model of trust that outperforms MAS architectures relying solely on direct agent interaction. A second goal is to …

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Quantitative Model For The Prediction Of Hydrodynamic Size Of Nonionic Reverse Micelles, Melissa A. Michaels

Theses and Dissertations

The sizes of nonionic reverse micelles were investigated as a function of the molecular structure of the surfactant, the type of oil, the total concentration of surfactant [NP], the ratio of NP4 to total surfactant (r), the water to surfactant molar ratio (ω), temperature, salt concentration, and polar phase. The basis of our investigation was nonylphenol polyethoxylates - NP4 and NP7. Micelle sizes were determined using dynamic light scattering (DLS). A central composite experimental design was used to quantitatively model reverse micelle size as a function of ω, [NP], and r. The model has demonstrated the capability of predicting the …

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Stature And Criminal Behavior, Rebecca J. Fish

Theses and Dissertations

Minorities are significantly overrepresented in America's prison population, and many studies have been conducted to determine possible causes for such a disparity. Few of these studies, however, have examined small stature as a potential contributor to criminal behavior. This study examines the relationship between criminal behavior and stature among American males. The heights, weights, stature scores (a function of the product of height and weight) and the body mass indices of criminals are examined as a whole, as well as by subgroup based on race, locality, and nature of the crime committed. The average weight of the male criminal population …

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Optimal Clustering: Genetic Constrained K-Means And Linear Programming Algorithms, Jianmin Zhao

Theses and Dissertations

Methods for determining clusters of data under- specified constraints have recently gained popularity. Although general constraints may be used, we focus on clustering methods with the constraint of a minimal cluster size. In this dissertation, we propose two constrained k-means algorithms: Linear Programming Algorithm (LPA) and Genetic Constrained K-means Algorithm (GCKA). Linear Programming Algorithm modifies the k-means algorithm into a linear programming problem with constraints requiring that each cluster have m or more subjects. In order to achieve an acceptable clustering solution, we run the algorithm with a large number of random sets of initial seeds, and choose the solution …

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Determination Of The Band Gap Bowing Parameter Of A1xga1-Xn With Contactless Electroreflectance, Laura C. Mcglinchey

Theses and Dissertations

Contactless electroreflectance (CER), a modulation spectroscopy (MS) technique, has been used to study the A and C exciton transitions in A1xGa1-xN layers for a composition range of 0 ≤ x ≤ 0.48 at room temperature. Taking the entire composition range (0 ≤ x ≤ 1) into account by incorporating a previously reported band gap energy for AlN, the dependence of the A-exciton transition on composition showed a downward bowing from linearity. A bowing parameter of b = 1.7 eV was found. Analysis of the lower composition range 0 ≤ x ≤ 0.48 resulted in a linear fit, as did the …

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A Novel Minimized Dead-End Elimination Criterion And Its Application To Protein Redesign In A Hybrid Scoring And Search Algorithm For Computing Partition Functions Over Molecular Ensembles, Ivelin Georgiev, Ryan H. Lilien, Bruce R. Donald

Computer Science Technical Reports

Novel molecular function can be achieved by redesigning an enzyme's active site so that it will perform its chemical reaction on a novel substrate. One of the main challenges for protein redesign is the efficient evaluation of a combinatorial number of candidate structures. The modeling of protein flexibility, typically by using a rotamer library of commonly-observed low-energy side-chain conformations, further increases the complexity of the redesign problem. A dominant algorithm for protein redesign is Dead-End Elimination (DEE), which prunes the majority of candidate conformations by eliminating rigid rotamers that provably are not part of the Global Minimum Energy Conformation (GMEC). …

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Brittle Compressive Failure Of Ice: Proportional Straining Vs Proportional Loading, E. M. Schulson, D. Iliescu

Dartmouth Scholarship

Proportional straining experiments have been performed on columnar-grained S2 fresh- water ice biaxially compressed across the columns at –108C at a strain rate of (4.5 􏰀 1.5) 􏰁 10–3 s–1. The results are compared with those obtained earlier (Iliescu and Schulson, 2004) from the same kind of material deformed to terminal failure under the same conditions, but through proportional loading. The exercise shows that the biaxial strength is practically independent of the path taken, at least under low confinement where Coulombic shear faulting limits terminal failure. First-year sea ice is expected to exhibit the same behavior.

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Near-Infrared Observations Of Comet-Asteroid Transition Objects, Julie Elaine Ziffer

Electronic Theses and Dissertations

The primary objective of this research is to characterize the surface composition of five comet-asteroid transition objects via near-infrared spectroscopy. The five targets include two asteroids with Tisserand invariants lower than 3.0 (1373 Cincinnati and 2906 Caltech), one asteroid that is likely an extinct comet (944 Hidalgo), one intermittent activity comet (162P/Siding Spring), and one nearly dormant comet (28P/Neujmin1). Previous research regarding cometary end states and dynamical and physical properties of comets and asteroids provides the foundation for this work. Focusing primarily on the 1-2.5 µm spectral region of the five target objects, this project specifically searches for mineral species …

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Environmental Awareness Of Waterville Junior High School Students, Jenna Morrison

Honors Theses

An environmental awareness survey was designed to assess the influences of gender and grade level on the relationships among outdoor experience, environmental knowledge, and environmental behavior at Waterville Junior High School, Waterville, ME. Environmental awareness indicates a fundamental understanding of the natural world, which is essential for developing future sustainable development. The foundation and acquisition of environmental knowledge of Waterville Junior High School students was determined using the multiple-choice survey. A total of 125 sixth graders and 136 eighth graders were surveyed. 61% of sixth graders and 73% of eighth graders indicated that their most common source of environmental information …

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Discovery Of Outlying High-Velocity Oxygen-Rich Ejecta In Cassiopeia A, Robert A. Fesen, Molly C. Hammell, Jon Morse, Roger A. Chevalier, Kazimierz J. Borkowski, Michael A. Dopita, Christopher L. Gerardy, Stephen S. Lawrence, John C. Raymond, Sydney Van Den Bergh

Dartmouth Scholarship

Analysis of broadband HST ACS and WFPC2 images of the young Galactic supernova remnant Cassiopeia A reveals a far larger population of outlying, high-velocity knots of ejecta with a broader range of chemical properties than previously suspected. ACS filte r flux ratios along with follow-up, ground-based spectra are used to investigate some of the kinema tic and chemical properties of these outermost ejecta. In this paper, we concentrate on a ≃ 1.5 sq arcmin region located along the eastern limb of the remnant where numerous outer emission knots are optica lly visible due to an interaction with a local circumstellar …

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On The Use Of Gaussian Filter Functions For Adaptive Optics, Merfit Assad

Electronic Theses and Dissertations

For adaptive optic systems, the use of aperture filter functions calculated using various Zernike modes can be useful in removing lower-order aberrations caused by atmospheric turbulence. Traditionally, these filter functions are calculated using the step function depicting a hard aperture that introduces integrals that are sometimes difficult to integrate and must be done numerically. The Gaussian method can be used in place of the conventional method for calculating the aperture filter functions. Evaluation of the Gaussian approximation for modeling a finite receiver aperture can be made by comparison of reduction in phase variance with results achieved using the conventional method. …

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Analytical Potential Of Polymerized Liposomes Bound To Lanthanide Ions For Qualitative And Quantitative Analysis Of Proteins, Marina Santos

Electronic Theses and Dissertations

One of the intriguing features of biological systems is the prevalence of highly selective and often very strong interactions among different cellular components. Such interactions play a variety of organizational, mechanical, and physiological roles at the cellular and organism levels. Antigen-antibody complexes are representative examples of highly selective and potent interactions involving proteins. The marked specificity of protein-antibody complexes have led to a wide range of applications in cellular and molecular biology related research. They have become an integral research tool in the present genomic and proteomic era. Unfortunately, the production of selective tools based on antigen-antibody interactions requires cumbersome …

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Design And Optimization Of Nano-Optical Elements By Coupling Fabrication To Optical Behavior, Raymond Rumpf

Electronic Theses and Dissertations

Photonic crystals and nanophotonics have received a great deal of attention over the last decade, largely due to improved numerical modeling and advances in fabrication technologies. To this day, fabrication and optical behavior remain decoupled during the design phase and numerous assumptions are made about "perfect" geometry. As research moves from theory to real devices, predicting device behavior based on realistic geometry becomes critical. In this dissertation, a set of numerical tools was developed to model micro and nano fabrication processes. They were combined with equally capable tools to model optical performance of the simulated structures. Using these tools, it …

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Predicting Surface Scatter Using A Linear Systems Formulation Of Non-Paraxial Scalar Diffraction, Andrey Krywonos

Electronic Theses and Dissertations

Scattering effects from rough surfaces are non-paraxial diffraction phenomena resulting from random phase variations in the reflected wavefront. The ability to predict these effects is important in a variety of applications including x-ray and EUV imaging, the design of stray light rejection systems, and reflection modeling for rendering realistic scenes and animations of physical objects in computer graphics. Rayleigh-Rice (small perturbation method) and Beckmann-Kirchoff (Kirchhoff approximation) theories are commonly used to predict surface scatter effects. In addition, Harvey and Shack developed a linear systems formulation of surface scatter phenomena in which the scattering behavior is characterized by a surface transfer …

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Probing Random Media With Singular Waves, Chaim Schwartz

Electronic Theses and Dissertations

In recent years a resurgence of interest in wave singularities (of which optical vortices are a prominent example), light angular momentum and the relations between them has occurred. Many applications in various areas of linear and non-linear optics have been based on studying effects related to angular momentum and optical vortices. This dissertation examines the use of such wave singularities for studying the light propagation in highly inhomogeneous media and the relationship to angular momentum transfer. Angular momentum carried by light can be, in many cases, divided in two terms. The first one relates to the polarization of light and …

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Quantitative High-Angle Annular Dark Field Scanning Transmission To Electron Microscopy For Materials Science, Rumyana Petrova

Electronic Theses and Dissertations

Scanning transmission electron microscopy (STEM) has been widely used for characterization of materials; to identify micro- and nano-structures within a sample and to analyze crystal and defect structures. High-angle annular dark field (HAADF) STEM imaging using atomic number (Z) contrast has proven capable of resolving atomic structures with better than 2 A lateral resolution. In this work, the HAADF STEM imaging mode is used in combination with multislice simulations. This combination is applied to the investigation of the temperature dependence of the intensity collected by the HAADF detector in silicon, and to convergent beam electron diffraction (CBED) to measure the …

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Exploration Of Ground Penetrating Radar And Time Domain Reflectometry Methods For The Determination Of Pavement Dielectric Constant, Baron W. Colbert

Dissertations, Master's Theses and Master's Reports - Open

Traditionally, densities of newly built roadways are checked by direct sampling (cores) or by nuclear density gauge measurements. For roadway engineers, density of asphalt pavement surfaces is essential to determine pavement quality. Unfortunately, field measurements of density by direct sampling or by nuclear measurement are slow processes. Therefore, I have explored the use of rapidly-deployed ground penetrating radar (GPR) as an alternative means of determining pavement quality. The dielectric constant of pavement surface may be a substructure parameter that correlates with pavement density, and can be used as a proxy when density of asphalt is not known from nuclear or …

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Efficient Scheduling For Sdmg Cioq Switches, Mei Yang, S. Q. Zheng

Electrical & Computer Engineering Faculty Research

Combined input and output queuing (CIOQ) switches are being considered as high-performance switch architectures due to their ability to achieve 100% throughput and perfectly emulate output queuing (OQ) switch performance with a small speedup factor S. To realize a speedup factor S, a conventional CIOQ switch requires the switching fabric and memories to operate S times faster than the line rate. In this paper, we propose to use a CIOQ switch with space-division multiplexing expansion and grouped input/output ports (SDMG CIOQ switch for short) to realize speedup while only requiring the switching fabric and memories to operate at the line …

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Carbon Dioxide Sequestration In Cement Kiln Dust Through Miner Carbonation, Deborah N. Huntzinger

Dissertations, Master's Theses and Master's Reports - Open

The feasibility of carbon sequestration in cement kiln dust (CKD) was investigated in a series of batch and column experiments conducted under ambient temperature and pressure conditions. The significance of this work is the demonstration that alkaline wastes, such as CKD, are highly reactive with carbon dioxide (CO₂). In the presence of water, CKD can sequester greater than 80% of its theoretical capacity for carbon without any amendments or modifications to the waste. Other mineral carbonation technologies for carbon sequestration rely on the use of mined mineral feedstocks as the source of oxides. The mining, pre-processing and reaction …

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Analyzing The Effects Of Vertical Acceleration And Deceleration In Multi-Phase, Debris-Flow Sediment-Column Experiments / By Christine Marie Williams., Christine Marie Williams

Dissertations, Master's Theses and Master's Reports - Open

Water-saturated debris flows are among some of the most destructive mass movements. Their complex nature presents a challenge for quantitative description and modeling. In order to improve understanding of the dynamics of these flows, it is important to seek a simplified dynamic system underlying their behavior. Models currently in use to describe the motion of debris flows employ depth-averaged equations of motion, typically assuming negligible effects from vertical acceleration. However, in many cases debris flows experience significant vertical acceleration as they move across irregular surfaces, and it has been proposed that friction associated with vertical forces and liquefaction merit inclusion …

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Dry Creek Long Term Watershed Study: Buffer Zone Performance As Viable Amphibian Habitat, Brooke L. Talley, Thomas Crisman

School of Geosciences Faculty and Staff Publications

As bioindicators, amphibians typically require both terrestrial and aquatic habitats to complete their life cycles. Pre- timber-harvest monitoring (December 2002 through September 2003) of salamander and frog (Hylidae) populations was conducted in four watersheds of Decatur County, GA. Post- timber-harvest monitoring (December 2003 through September 2004) continued in the same watersheds (two reference and two treatment watersheds). Coverboards were used to monitor adult salamanders, larval salamanders were surveyed with dipnet sweeps, and frogs were monitored with vertical PVC pipes. Six salamander species (Desmognathus apalachicolae, Eurycea cirrigera, E. guttolineata, Notophthalmus viridescens, Plethodon grobmani, and Pseudotriton ruber) and five frog species (Hyla …

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Dry Creek Long Term Watershed Study: Assessment Of Immediate Response Of Aquatic Macroinvertebrates To Watershed Level Harvesting And Thinning Of Streamside Management Zones, M. W. Griswold, R. T. Winn, Thomas Crisman, W. R. White

School of Geosciences Faculty and Staff Publications

Streamside Management Zones (SMZs) are meant to protect riparian habitat and the stream ecosystem. Benthic macroinvertebrates are recognized bioindicators of water quality in streams, typically occupying multiple trophic levels in these systems and providing food for vertebrates. Thus, it is important to understand the effects of harvest within and adjacent to the SMZ on macroinvertebrate assemblages. Benthic macroinvertebrates were sampled pre- and post-harvest from four firstorder streams draining the Dry Creek watershed in southwestern Georgia. A multi-habitat sampling procedure was used. Macroinvertebrates were identified and compared using biotic indices. Comparisons were made between streams within the pre-harvest period and between …

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Securing Networks Of Information Age, Bilge Karabacak, Mert Uneri

All Faculty and Staff Scholarship

Internet and IT devices are being used for business and entertainment more frequently. Internet has been becoming a vital part of social fabric. Threats to Internet and other complex commercial networks are solid and growing. Globalization and the need for interoperability complicates security of IT Networks and Internet. Cyber threats have an important potential damage capacity. Proactive security methodologies are needed to protect valuable information. According to the situation described above, the purpose of this paper is to examine the current trends in network security, and to propose a roadmap for protecting information from cyber threats.

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A Corpus-Based Concatenative Speech Synthesis System For Turkish, Haşi̇m Sak, Tunga Güngör, Yaşar Safkan

Turkish Journal of Electrical Engineering and Computer Sciences

Speech synthesis is the process of converting written text into machine-generated synthetic speech. Concatenative speech synthesis systems form utterances by concatenating pre-recorded speech units. Corpus-based methods use a large inventory to select the units to be concatenated. In this paper, we design and develop an intelligible and natural sounding corpus-based concatenative speech synthesis system for the Turkish language. The implemented system contains a front-end comprised of text analysis, phonetic analysis, and optional use of transplanted prosody. The unit selection algorithm is based on commonly used Viterbi decoding algorithm of the best-path in the network of the speech units using spectral …

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Full-Text Articles in Physical Sciences and Mathematics

ขยะอิเล็กทรอนิกส์...อันตรายที่คุณช่วยได้, สุพัตรา วิเศษสุข

Thai Environment

เรื่องเก่าที่คุ้นเคย.....กับคำใหม่ที่เรียกว่า.....Phytoremediation., พันธวัศ สัมพันธ์พานิช

Thai Environment

กลยุทธ์ในการจัดการสิ่งแวดล้อมของชุมชน, กลิ่นประทุม ปัญญาปิง

Thai Environment

Thai Environment

สิ่งแวดล้อมน่ารู้คู่โลกสวย

Thai Environment

Comments On The Mechanism Of Aging Of Antimony Doped Tin Oxide Based Electrochromic Devices, Joo C. Chan, Nicole A. Hannah, Shankar B. Rananavare, Laura Yeager, Liviu Dinescu, Ashok Saraswat, Pradeep Iyer, James P. Coleman

Chemistry Faculty Publications and Presentations

K X N Trust-Based Agent Reputation, Christopher Alonzo Parker

Theses and Dissertations

Quantitative Model For The Prediction Of Hydrodynamic Size Of Nonionic Reverse Micelles, Melissa A. Michaels

Theses and Dissertations

Stature And Criminal Behavior, Rebecca J. Fish

Theses and Dissertations

Optimal Clustering: Genetic Constrained K-Means And Linear Programming Algorithms, Jianmin Zhao

Theses and Dissertations

Determination Of The Band Gap Bowing Parameter Of A1xga1-Xn With Contactless Electroreflectance, Laura C. Mcglinchey

Theses and Dissertations

A Novel Minimized Dead-End Elimination Criterion And Its Application To Protein Redesign In A Hybrid Scoring And Search Algorithm For Computing Partition Functions Over Molecular Ensembles, Ivelin Georgiev, Ryan H. Lilien, Bruce R. Donald

Computer Science Technical Reports

Brittle Compressive Failure Of Ice: Proportional Straining Vs Proportional Loading, E. M. Schulson, D. Iliescu

Dartmouth Scholarship

Near-Infrared Observations Of Comet-Asteroid Transition Objects, Julie Elaine Ziffer

Electronic Theses and Dissertations

Environmental Awareness Of Waterville Junior High School Students, Jenna Morrison

Honors Theses

Discovery Of Outlying High-Velocity Oxygen-Rich Ejecta In Cassiopeia A, Robert A. Fesen, Molly C. Hammell, Jon Morse, Roger A. Chevalier, Kazimierz J. Borkowski, Michael A. Dopita, Christopher L. Gerardy, Stephen S. Lawrence, John C. Raymond, Sydney Van Den Bergh

Dartmouth Scholarship

On The Use Of Gaussian Filter Functions For Adaptive Optics, Merfit Assad

Electronic Theses and Dissertations

Analytical Potential Of Polymerized Liposomes Bound To Lanthanide Ions For Qualitative And Quantitative Analysis Of Proteins, Marina Santos

Electronic Theses and Dissertations

Design And Optimization Of Nano-Optical Elements By Coupling Fabrication To Optical Behavior, Raymond Rumpf

Electronic Theses and Dissertations

Predicting Surface Scatter Using A Linear Systems Formulation Of Non-Paraxial Scalar Diffraction, Andrey Krywonos

Electronic Theses and Dissertations

Probing Random Media With Singular Waves, Chaim Schwartz

Electronic Theses and Dissertations

Quantitative High-Angle Annular Dark Field Scanning Transmission To Electron Microscopy For Materials Science, Rumyana Petrova

Electronic Theses and Dissertations

Exploration Of Ground Penetrating Radar And Time Domain Reflectometry Methods For The Determination Of Pavement Dielectric Constant, Baron W. Colbert

Dissertations, Master's Theses and Master's Reports - Open

Efficient Scheduling For Sdmg Cioq Switches, Mei Yang, S. Q. Zheng

Electrical & Computer Engineering Faculty Research

Carbon Dioxide Sequestration In Cement Kiln Dust Through Miner Carbonation, Deborah N. Huntzinger

Dissertations, Master's Theses and Master's Reports - Open

Analyzing The Effects Of Vertical Acceleration And Deceleration In Multi-Phase, Debris-Flow Sediment-Column Experiments / By Christine Marie Williams., Christine Marie Williams

Dissertations, Master's Theses and Master's Reports - Open

Dry Creek Long Term Watershed Study: Buffer Zone Performance As Viable Amphibian Habitat, Brooke L. Talley, Thomas Crisman

School of Geosciences Faculty and Staff Publications

Dry Creek Long Term Watershed Study: Assessment Of Immediate Response Of Aquatic Macroinvertebrates To Watershed Level Harvesting And Thinning Of Streamside Management Zones, M. W. Griswold, R. T. Winn, Thomas Crisman, W. R. White

School of Geosciences Faculty and Staff Publications

Securing Networks Of Information Age, Bilge Karabacak, Mert Uneri

All Faculty and Staff Scholarship

A Corpus-Based Concatenative Speech Synthesis System For Turkish, Haşi̇m Sak, Tunga Güngör, Yaşar Safkan

Turkish Journal of Electrical Engineering and Computer Sciences