Physical Sciences and Mathematics Commons^™

Stanton County Test Hole Logs, Sue Olafsen Lackey, Frank A. Smith, Raymond R. Burchett

Conservation and Survey Division: Faculty and Staff Publications

No abstract provided.

Phelps County Test Hole Logs, S. E. Summerside

Conservation and Survey Division: Faculty and Staff Publications

No abstract provided.

Analysis Of The Gal-Chen–Zhang Single-Doppler Velocity Retrieval, Steven Lazarus, Alan Shapiro, Kelvin Droegemeier

Ocean Engineering and Marine Sciences Faculty Publications

The authors present herein an analysis of a single-Doppler velocity retrieval (SDVR) technique whereby the unobserved wind components are determined from single-Doppler radar data. The analysis is designed to provide information about the behavior and/or sensitivity of the SDVR scheme as a function of various internal and external parameters as well as about observational errors and weights. Results presented for retrieval of both the mean and local flow indicate that the SDVR breaks down if the reflectivity gradient vanishes or if a reflectivity isoline is locally perpendicular to the radar beam. In the absence of reflectivity or radial velocity errors, …

A Coupled Bio-Optical And Mixed Layer Model For The Equatorial Pacific, James Vincent Koziana

OES Theses and Dissertations

A one dimensional coupled bio-optical and mixed layer model is developed and applied to problems involving the role of phytoplankton-induced turbidity (PIT) on the vertical structure and heating of the upper ocean in the Equatorial Pacific Ocean. The bio-optical and mixed layer model for optically pure sea water was forced with climatological environmental conditions to provide a reference simulation for 140°W in the eastern Equatorial Pacific Ocean. This reference simulation was used for comparison to other simulations which considered the effects of variations in wind stress and solar input for a homogeneous chlorophyll a profile and variations in the magnitude …

Physical Control Of Biological Processes In The Central Equatorial Pacific: A Data Assimilative Modeling Study, Marjorie Anne Macwhorter Friedrichs

OES Theses and Dissertations

A five-component data assimilative ecosystem model is developed in order to investigate the effects of physical processes encompassing a wide range of space and time scales, on the lower trophic levels of the highly dynamic central equatorial Pacific (140°W). Many of the biological processes included in the ecosystem model respond to environmental fluctuations with time scales between one and ten days, which are not typically resolved by basin to global scale circulation models. Therefore, the ecosystem model is forced using daily observations from the TAO mooring array. Model simulations successfully reproduce data collected both during and after the 1991–92 El …

Aneuploidy Frequencies In Semen Fractions From Ten Oligoasthenoteratozoospermic Patients Donating Sperm For Intracytoplasmic Sperm Injection, Jerome Pfeffer, Myung-Geol Pang, Stanton F. Hoegerman, Christopher J. Osgood, M. W. Stacey, Jacob Mayer, Sergio Oehninger, William G. Kearns

Biological Sciences Faculty Publications

Objective: To determine aneuploidy frequencies in pellet and swim-up semen fractions from 10 infertile men with severe oligoasthenoteratozoospermia (OAT) who were donating sperm for intracytoplasmic sperm injection and to determine whether the swim-up isolation method would successfully separate aneuploid from haploid sperm.

Design: Prospective study.

Setting: Infertility clinic and molecular genetics laboratory.

Patient(s): Ten patients with severe OAT.

Intervention(s): Cytogenetic analyses by fluorescence in situ hybridization to determine aneuploidy frequencies for chromosomes 1, 13, 18, 21, X, and Y in sperm from swim-up and pellet fractions.

Main Outcome Measure(s): Gametic aneuploidy was scored in sperm fractions separated by the swim-up …

Comparative Study Of Selenium Requirements Of Three Phytoplankton Species: Gymnodinium Catenatum, Alexandrium Minutum (Dinophyta) And Chaetoceros Cf. Tenuissimus (Bacillariophyta, Martina A. Doblin, Susan I. Blackburn, Gustaaf M. Hallegraeff

OES Faculty Publications

This study investigated the selenium (Se) requirements of three phytoplankton species which commonly bloom in southern Australian estuaries. The present study showed that the toxic dinoflagellate Gymnodinium catenatum Graham had an obligate requirement for Se (IV) in culture. After two transfers (~ 4 weeks ≈ 7 generations) in Se-deficient seawater medium, this phytoplankton species exhibited a decline in growth rate (25%) and biomass yield (90%), while complete cessation of cell division occurred under prolonged (8 weeks ≈ 12 generations) Se starvation. Addition of 10^-9-10^-7 M H₂SeO₃ to nutrient-enriched seawater medium resulted in increased G.catenatum …

Resource Allocation And Sucrose Mobilization In Light Limited Eelgrass Zostera Marina, Teresa Alcoverro, Richard C. Zimmerman, Donald G. Kohrs, Randall S. Alberte

OES Faculty Publications

This study evaluated the ability of Zostera marina L. (eelgrass) to balance the daily photosynthetic deficit by mobilization of carbon reserves stored in below-ground tissues during a period of extreme winter light limitation. A quantitative understanding of the mobilization process and its limitations is essential to the development of robust models predicting minimum light levels required to maintain healthy seagrass populations. Plants were grown in running seawater tanks under 2 light regimes. One treatment was provided with 2 h irradiance-saturated photosynthesis (H_sat) to produce severe Light Limitation, while control plants were grown under 7 h H_sat, …

Two-Photon Excitation Of Rhenium Metal-Ligand Complexes, Joseph R. Lakowicz, Felix N. Castellano, Ignacy Gryczynski, Zygmunt Gryczynski, Jonathan D. Dattelbaum

Chemistry Faculty Publications

We describe the emission spectral properties of two rhenium metal-ligand complexes with one and two-photon excitation, Re(bpy)₂(CO)₃Cl and [Re(bpy)(CO)₃CH₃CN]⁺, where bpy is 2,2’-bipyridyl and CH₃CN is acetonitrile. Similar emission spectra and intensity decay times characteristic of the metal-to-ligand charge transfer state were observed for one- and two-photon excitation. The lifetime and quantum yield of the acetonitrile complex are approximately 14-fold higher than that of the chloride complex. Both complexes display high anisotropies near 0.33 in frozen solution with one-photon excitation. Two-photon excitation results in anisotropies about 40% larger, …

The Cytotoxicity And Mode Of Action Of 2,3,4-Trisubstituted Pyrroles And Related Derivatives In Human Tmolt4 Leukemia Cells, John T. Gupton, B. S. Burham, B. D. Byrd, K. E. Krumpe, C. Stokes, J. Shuford, S. Winkle, T. Webb, A. E. Warren, C. R. Barnes, J. Henry, I. H. Hall

Chemistry Faculty Publications

4-Carbechoxy-l-methyl-2-phenacyl-3-phenylpyrrole (9), 4-carbethoxy-2-(4-methoxybcnzoyl)-3-(4-methoxyphcnyl)pyrrole (10) and 2-(4-methoxybenzoyl)-3,4-bis-(4-methoxyphenyl)pyrrole (11) proved to be potent cytotoxic agents against the growth of murine and human leukemias and lymphomas. Selective toxicity was demonstrated against the growth of solid tumors, e.g. human adenocarcinoma of the colon SW480 and ileum HCT-8, glioma U-87-MG, and rat UMR-106 osteosarcoma. A mode of action study in Tmolt₄ leukemia cells demonstrated that the agents inhibited de novo purine synthesis at the regulatory sites PRPP-amido transferase, IMP dehydrogenase as well as dihydrofolate reductase resulting in significant inhibition of DNA synthesis in 60 min. Other biochemical sites …

Nonextensivity And Quantum Groups, Metin Arik

Turkish Journal of Physics

Classical set theory is nonextensive since the mathematical definition of a set excludes the possibility that more than one copy of the same element can be in a set. We show that the description of random sets in terms of an algebra of creation operators and their hermitean conjugates yields an interpretation of the unitary quantum group SU_q(d) as the symmetry associated with the construction of d random sets from a given source set of M=(1-q)^{-1} elements.

Q-Calculus And Irreversible Dynamics On A Hierarchical Lattice, Ayşe Erzan, Ayşe Gorbon

Turkish Journal of Physics

On a lattice with equal spacing on the logarithmic scale, a momentum operator that respects the asymmetry of this nonlinear lattice yields a kinetics that can be understood in terms of diffusion on an underlying ultrametric space, if one also identifies the cannonical commutator with the time dilation operator. The motion to which this non-conventional kinetics corresponds is irreversible, with an explicit violation of time reversal symmetry resulting from the spreading with time of a probability distribution over a larger and larger volume of the phase space.

A New Formalism For Nonextensive Physical Systems: Tsallis Thermostatistics, Uğur Tirnakli, Fevzi Büyükkiliç, Doğan Demi̇rhan

Turkish Journal of Physics

Although Boltzmann-Gibbs (BG) statistics provides a suitable tool which enables us to handle a large number of physical systems satisfactorily, it has some basic restrictions : (i) the range of the microscopic interactions must be small compared to the linear size of the macroscopic systems (short-range interactions) , (ii) the time range of the microscopic memory must be small compared to the observation time (Marcovian processes) and (iii) the system must evolve in an Euclidean-like space-time. In the case of a breakdown in one and/or the others of these restrictions, BG statistics fails. More precisely, the situation could be classified …

Statistical Physics, Neural Networks, Brain Studies, Gerard Toulouse

Turkish Journal of Physics

An overview of some aspects of a vast domain, located at the crossroads of physics, biology and computer science is presented: 1) During the last fifteen years, physicists advancing along various pathways have come into contact with biology (computational neurosciences) and engineering (formal neural nets). 2) This move may actually be viewed as one component in a larger picture. A prominent trend of recent years, observable over many countries, has been the establishment of interdisciplinary centers devoted to the study of: cognitive sciences; natural and artificial intelligence; brain, mind and behaviour; perception and action; learning and memory; robotics; man-machine communication, …

The Renormalization-Group Microscope: The Local Statistical Mechanics Of Heterogeneous Systems, Dicle Yeşi̇lleten, A. Nihat Berker

Turkish Journal of Physics

Renormalization-group theory is developed to yield all local microscopic thermodynamic densities in heterogeneous systems. Local energy densities and local magnetizations are thus obtained for random-bond systems, random-field systems, and spin-glasses, in two and three dimensions. Different order-disorder mechanisms in these diverse systems, such as chaotic ordering and domain-wall melting, become quantitatively evident.

Assessment Of The Degree Of Mix Of Powder Mixtures, Orhan Vai̇zoğlu

Turkish Journal of Physics

The older methods for the determination of the degree of a random mix was solely based on the calculation of a simple standard deviation. Physical characteristics like, density, average particle weight and size of each component was not considered. Therefore, the evaluation, when the state of a random mix is reached, was somewhat superficial. Poole, Taylor, and Wall [1] have derived equations, where the physical characteristics of the components were taken into consideration. By this means, it is possible to calculate, in advance, the theoretical coefficient of variation and the corresponding confidence limits. One can then experimentally follow under which …

Spectral Broadening Functions, Slavek Rucinski

Turkish Journal of Physics

Many astrophysical phenomena involving velocity fields produce broadening of spectral lines. Frequently, the cross-correlation function (CCF) is used to extract information about this broadening from segments of high resolution spectra. CCF has become the standard tool for handing extraction of radial-velocity and broadening information from high resolution spectra as it permits integration of information which is common to many spectral lines into one function which is easy to calculate, visualize and interpret. However, it can be argued that this is not the best tool for applications such as determinations of metallicities ([Fe/H]), for finding locations of star spots on active …

Angular Momentum Evolution In Close Late-Type Binaries, Carla Maceroni

Turkish Journal of Physics

Accurate monitoring of the orbital period of late-type close binaries can provide important information on their secular evolution and on the structural changes of their components on very short timescales (i.e. decades). The orbital period turns out to be a powerful tool of investigation: it can be measured to great accuracy even with simple equipments and its change produces an easily detectable cumulative effect over time. This paper focuses on two physical mechanisms that cause orbital periods changes in late type binaries with negligible mass loss from the system: the dynamical evolution due to magnetic braking in tidally locked systems, …

Cyclic Nature Of The Orbital Period Variations Of Some Algol-Type Binaries, Seli̇m O. Selam, Osman Demi̇rcan

Turkish Journal of Physics

The long-term period variations of the classical algol-type binaries XZ And, U Cep, \beta Per, RT Per, ST Per and TX UMa were studied by using all available observed times of eclipse minima. The (O-C) diagrams formed by the times of eclipse minima were found to be representable by one or more cyclic variations superimposed on a secular parabolic variation. The secular variations in the orbital periods should be caused by the mass transfer between the component stars and the mass loss from the systems. For our sample of Algol systems, none of the cyclic variations were found caused by …

Short-Period Rs Cvn And W Uma Binaries: How Are They Related?, Frans Van't Veer

Turkish Journal of Physics

Two groups of late-type very close main sequence binaries, the so-called short-period RS Canum Venaticorum (RS CVn) and W Ursae Majoris (W UMa) systems, are important for the understanding of the structure and evolutionary consequencies of angular momentum loss (AML) resulting from magnetic stellar winds of fast rotating solar type stars. The components of RS CVn stars are close to their Roche lobes, but still detached, whereas W UMa binaries are contact systems; both are rotating fast. One of the crucial problems is trying to answer the question if there is a dynamical relation between the two types of binaries …

Photometric Imaging Of Starspots, Techniques And Reliability, Zeki̇ Eker

Turkish Journal of Physics

Historical development of the starspot hypothesis and the unsolved problems associated with it are presented. The "non{uniqueness" attributed to the spot solutions is a major problem which could still discredit current efforts of starspot modeling by photometric or spectroscopic data. The basics of the starspot photometry(direct and inverse photometric problem, and the error analysis of the inverse problem) are presented. Since an analytical formulation exists to compute synthetic light curves from the physical parameters of spots, and recomputing original parameters analytically from the synthetic curves are also possible, the starspot hypothesis is a consistent physical problem. According to the error …

The Light And Colour Variations Of Mm Her, Günay Taş

Turkish Journal of Physics

RS CVn type eclipsing binary MM Herculis have been observed using B, V, R filters in 1997 and obtained light and colour curves were examined together with the earlier 12 light and colour curves obtained between 1976 and 1997. It was seen that the system is bluer, while it is fainter. Such finding probably reveals the evolutionary effect of the photospheric bright facular structures surrounding starspots.

Magnetic Activity In The Extreme Ultraviolet, Mihalis Mathioudakis

Turkish Journal of Physics

The wealth of astronomical observations obtained in the extreme ultraviolet in recent years, have allowed comprehensive studies of the stellar transition regions and coronae to be carried out. For the first time we have been able to resolve individual coronal lines of various elements formed over a large temperature range (10^{5} - 10^{7.2} K). The temperature, densities, abundances and magnetic field strengths of the stellar coronae can now be determined. Here we review some of the observations in the field of cool stars and discuss the implications on atmospheric heating requirements.

Solar Flares, E. Rennan Pekünlü

Turkish Journal of Physics

In this paper, the dynamics, the magnetohydrodynamics and the energetics of flaring magnetic loops are reviwed. It is also emphasized that the presented model is in no way a unique one. The most commonly occurring type is labelled as B type flares. This paper reviews the general features of a B type flare.

Dynamical Evolution Of The Rs Cvn-Type Binaries, Osman Demi̇rcan

Turkish Journal of Physics

The orbital angular momentum (orbital AM) of a sample of forty RS CVn-type binaries with the orbital periods P \leq 10 days were estimated and the orbital AM distribution with respect to P was critically interpreted as the orbital AM evolution of these systems caused by the magnetic breaking process with the existence of spin-orbit coupling. The empirical relations (between the orbital AM loss, mass loss and period variation) derived from the diagram of the orbital AM distribution were used in deriving a semi-empirical formula for the dynamical evolution of the RS CVn-type binaries. The magnetic breaking induced dynamical evolution …

Facular Structures On Cool Stars, Serdar Evren

Turkish Journal of Physics

Activity has many manifestations, from dark spots to bright regions, to the presence of the heated chromosphere, to the superheated corona. Sunspots are extended, strongly magnetic regions on the Sun. Photospheric faculae are generally visible only at the limb. Polar faculae are smaller than the main-zone faculae. The contributions of the active region faculae and the facular network are at least as important as the solar spots in augmenting the solar emission.

On The Coronal Activity Of The Rs Cvn-Type Binaries, Osman Demi̇rcan, Hasan Ak

Turkish Journal of Physics

We re-analysed the behaviour of coronal activity of the RS CVn-type binaries as a function of stellar and orbital parameters. Highly significant correlations were found between the x-ray luminosity L_x and the stellar radius R, the Roche lobe filling fraction \Gamma, and the Alfven radius RA. The correlations of L_x with the mass M, the absolute magnitude M_V, the surface gravity g, the Roche lobe filling fraction \Gamma, and the Alfven radius RA are likely to be due to correlations of these quantities with the stellar radius R. Surprisingly, no correlation of L_x on the color (B-V), the rotation velocity …

Co-Ordinated Multi-Wavelength Observations Of The Rs Cvn System Cf Tuc, Edwin Budding, K. L. Jones, O. B. Slee, L. Watson

Turkish Journal of Physics

A `multi-site, multi-wavelength' campaign on the eclipsing RS CVn binary CF Tuc was carried out in 1996 over both optical (photometry and spectroscopy) and radio (microwave) ranges. The microwave data was taken with the Australia Telescope Compact Array (ATCA). It covered slightly more than one complete orbital cycle at 4.8 and 8.64 GHz in one continuous run. There was also coverage of about 25% of the light curve at 1.38 and 2.38 GHz. High dispersion spectroscopy was obtained using the McLellan 1m telescope and échelle spectrograph at Mt John University Observatory (New Zealand). Supporting photometry came from various smaller-scale facilities …

The Experimental Studies On Zr Photoelectron Spectra, I. Buribayev, N. A. Nurmatov, N. Talipov

Turkish Journal of Physics

Photoelectron spectra (PES) taken from crystalline Zr at 8.4 eV and 10 eV have been studied by a high resolution photoelectron analyzer, with \Delta E = 0.1 eV, and the results were compared to the results calculated for electron density of states in the valence band. Photoelectron work function (WF) measured from the atomically clean Zr surface by Fowler isothermal curves was found to be 3.95 eV \pm 0.02 eV. It was shown that a small dose of residual gas, namely CO, absorbed on the Zr surface, resulted in a decrease of the WF by 0.15-0.25 eV as well as …

The Structure Of Liquid Alkali Metals Calculated By The Thermodynamic Perturbation Theory, H. Bi̇rtan Kavanoz, İdri̇s Gümüş

Turkish Journal of Physics

The structure of a hard sphere fluid has been calculated numerically via the Percus-Yevick (PY) and hypernetted-chain (HNC) closure relations and used as a reference system to calculate the structure of liquid alkali metals under the optimized random-phase approximation (ORPA) using the effective ion-ion pair potential formed by the Heine-Abarenkov (HA), and the empty-core (EC) pseudopotentials. The results are compared with experimental results. The calculations made by the reference system under the HNC closure relation are in better agreement with experimental results than those found under the PY closure relation.