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Articles 781 - 810 of 8799
Full-Text Articles in Physical Sciences and Mathematics
Comparative Analysis Of Transfer Learning Strategies For Polyp Detection In Colonoscopy Images Using Yolov8, Fabian Vazquez Jr.
Comparative Analysis Of Transfer Learning Strategies For Polyp Detection In Colonoscopy Images Using Yolov8, Fabian Vazquez Jr.
Theses and Dissertations
The early detection of polyps during colonoscopy procedures is crucial for preventing colorectal cancer, a leading cause of cancer-related deaths globally. Traditional methods for polyp detection are often time-consuming and prone to human error. This thesis investigates the effectiveness of transfer learning, the process of taking a pre-trained model that was trained on a large dataset and adapting it to a new, but related task, requiring less data and time for training. This research compares whether the YOLOv8 model trained from scratch on a specific polyp dataset is outperformed by transfer learning methods such as utilizing a pretrained model on …
Missing Data Imputation With Longitudinal Data, Joseph Omar Alanis
Missing Data Imputation With Longitudinal Data, Joseph Omar Alanis
Theses and Dissertations
In the repeated measures longitudinal datasets where missing data is a relatively common issue, we explored different imputation methods, including machine learning (ML) methods in order to examine potential efficiencies for using traditional versus newer computational methods. In order to accomplish said comparison, we used a Monte Carlo simulation experiment of a population of size N=70000 to mimic a clinical trial, with different scenarios of missing at random (MAR) data in the response variable. To compare the behavior of each method resulting from the difference between population and sample dataset, a real dataset was used from the Boston College on …
Recognizing Triangles Using Weighted Ehrhart Polynomials, Rafael Sarabia
Recognizing Triangles Using Weighted Ehrhart Polynomials, Rafael Sarabia
Theses and Dissertations
Ehrhart theory is a classical topic for polygons or polytopes with vertices with integer coordinates. One of the main results of the theory claims that for every convex polygon P with integer vertices, the number of integer points in its nth dilation is a polynomial in n, the Ehrhart polynomial of P. This property can be extended if for a polynomial weight w(x, y), we sum values of w(x, y) over all points with integer coordinates in the nth dilation of P. The resulted polynomial is called the weighted Ehrhart polynomial of P associated with the weight w. In this …
Rabi Oscillations And Entanglement Between Two Rydberg Atoms In An Optical Cavity Studied By The Jaynes-Cummings Model And Quantum Circuits On Qiskit, Francisco D. Santillan
Rabi Oscillations And Entanglement Between Two Rydberg Atoms In An Optical Cavity Studied By The Jaynes-Cummings Model And Quantum Circuits On Qiskit, Francisco D. Santillan
Theses and Dissertations
Rydberg atoms are highly excited atoms in which one electron has a large principal quantum number. Due to their unusual atomic properties, Rydberg atoms are promising building blocks of two-qubit gates and light-atom quantum interfaces in quantum information processing. For two atoms at close distance (< 10 mm) the Rydberg blockade prevents the two atoms to be simultaneously in the excited state whereas this blockade is absent for atoms far apart. Recently, this effect was used to engineer a quantum processor based on two-dimensional arrays of neutral atoms which are trapped and transported by optical tweezers. Motivated by these experiments, we study the light-atom interaction and entanglement of two Rydberg atoms interacting by the Rydberg blockade in an optical cavity using the Jaynes-Cummings model. We find a rich variety of Rabi oscillations and entanglement as a function of initial conditions and interaction time, which may be used to generate two-qubit gates. Furthermore, we develop and simulate a quantum circuit of this system using Qiskit, an open-source software development kit designed to emulate the operation of a real Quantum Computer.
Density Functional Theory Calculations On Electronic And Optical Properties Of Mos2/Metal Heterojunction, Mos2/Graphene/Metal Vertical Heterostructure Interfaces And Sulfur Vacancies On Mos2/Au, Shishir Timilsena
Theses and Dissertations
In this study, we conducted a comprehensive investigation on computational simulations and analyses of heterostructures formed by two-dimensional (2D) molybdenum disulfide (MoS2) and graphene (Gr) on various metal coated substrates, including gold (Au), copper (Cu), nickel (Ni), and platinum (Pt). The frequency-dependent dielectric function (ɛ(ω)), refractive index (n), and reflectivity (R) are determined using light polarization parallel and perpendicular to the c axis of the 2D layers. Our findings reveal that MoS2/Au, MoS2/Cu, and MoS2/Pt heterostructures exhibit a direct bandgap at the K-point of the Brillouin zone, whereas their corresponding MoS2/MoS2/Metal structures present an indirect bandgap. The reduced interlayer spacing …
Thermodynamic Feasibility Of Potential Nano-Energetic Systems Based On Metal Oxynitrides, Manoj Chhetri
Thermodynamic Feasibility Of Potential Nano-Energetic Systems Based On Metal Oxynitrides, Manoj Chhetri
Theses and Dissertations
A computational study was undertaken with the objective of identifying the nano-energetic systems containing aluminum as fuel and metal oxynitrides as oxidizer, aiming to achieve an exothermic reaction characterized by the maximum values of gas generation, adiabatic combustion temperature, and energy release. For the thermodynamic calculation, nine systems based on metal oxynitrides were taken using the THERMO software that works based on the Gibbs free energy minimization, together with HSC Chemistry 7 to calculate the thermodynamic equilibrium concentrations of reactants and products corresponding gas generation, temperature and energy release by varying the fuel to oxidizer ratio. Among all the chosen …
La1-Xsrxcoo3 Perovskite: Antimicrobial Properties And Pvdf Based Piezoelectric Nanogenerator For Energy Storage Through Self-Induced Polling, S M. Anyet Ullah Shohag
La1-Xsrxcoo3 Perovskite: Antimicrobial Properties And Pvdf Based Piezoelectric Nanogenerator For Energy Storage Through Self-Induced Polling, S M. Anyet Ullah Shohag
Theses and Dissertations
Piezoelectric Nanogenerators (PENGs), which can produce electrical energy from mechanical energy via ferroelectric effect, are one of the ambient sources of green energy. PENGs have gathered a huge attention due to cost-effectiveness, mechanical stability, and easy installation process. In this experiment, different weight percent of Sr2+ doped Lanthanum Cobaltite (La1- XSrXCoO3) perovskite, a ferroelectric material, was synthesizes by using a simple combination of sol-gel and molten-salt process and then characterization by X-ray diffraction, and scanning electron microscopy ensures the uniform morphology of nano cubes. Poly (vinylidene difluoride) (PVDF), N,N-dimethylformamide and acetone solution were used to make a flexible film using …
Exploratory Analysis In Rio Grande Valley Real Estate Development, Mathew C. Sosa
Exploratory Analysis In Rio Grande Valley Real Estate Development, Mathew C. Sosa
Theses and Dissertations
The aim of this thesis is to apply exploratory data analysis and machine learning (ML) to answer critical questions in real estate development within the Rio Grande Valley (RGV). The real estate development sector is highly dynamic and relies on multiple integrated systems and planning to bring new homes to the market. Customer Relationship Management (CRM) software and real estate listing services, such as Redfin, are utilized to manage the customer lifecycle and analyze the local market, respectively. Two of the most crucial aspects of the customer lifecycle are the first home tour and deal closing. This paper explores the …
Utilizing Unmanned Aerial Systems (Uas) And Computer Software To Assess Effects Of Cover Crops On Cash Crop Volumetric Mass And Plant Height, Carlos Andres Garcia Patlan
Utilizing Unmanned Aerial Systems (Uas) And Computer Software To Assess Effects Of Cover Crops On Cash Crop Volumetric Mass And Plant Height, Carlos Andres Garcia Patlan
Theses and Dissertations
Sustainability in agriculture starts with the health of soil-- from its productivity and fertility, to its ability to retain water during droughts and allow for drainage during rain. One approach of improving soil health is the use of cover crops, a practice associated with improved nutrient availability in soils, the promotion of soil biodiversity and organic matter to improve density and structure, effective weed management, and ultimately improved yields of subsequent cash crops. Assessing the cumulative impacts of cover crops is difficult, with various metrics and indicators. Crop dry weight may be a way to predict the effects cover crops …
Intrinsic Universality In Tile Automata And Related Results, Elise C. Grizzell
Intrinsic Universality In Tile Automata And Related Results, Elise C. Grizzell
Theses and Dissertations
The Tile Automata (TA) model describes self-assembly systems in which monomers can build structures and transition with an adjacent monomer to change their states. This paper shows that seeded TA is a non-committal intrinsically universal model of self-assembly. We present a single universal Tile Automata system containing approximately 4600 states that can simulate (a) the output assemblies created by any other Tile Automata system Γ, (b) the dynamics involved in building Γ’s assemblies, and (c) Γ’s internal state transitions. It does so in a non-committal way: it preserves the full non-deterministic dynamics of a tile’s potential attachment or transition by …
Increasing The Robustness Of Machine Learning By Adversarial Attacks, Gourab Mukhopadhyay
Increasing The Robustness Of Machine Learning By Adversarial Attacks, Gourab Mukhopadhyay
Theses and Dissertations
By perturbation or physical attacks any machine can be fooled into predicting something else other than the intended output. There are training data based on which the model is trained to predict unknown things. The objective was to create noises and shades of different levels on the images and do experiments for measuring accuracy and making the model classify the traffic signs. When it comes to adding shades to the pictures, pixels were modified for three different layers of the pictures. The experiment also shows that with the shadows getting deeper, the accuracies drop significantly. Here, some changes in pixels …
Robustness Of Aging Transition In Competing Effect Of Heterogeneity And Symmetry Breaking Coupling, Gowthaman I
Robustness Of Aging Transition In Competing Effect Of Heterogeneity And Symmetry Breaking Coupling, Gowthaman I
Theses and Dissertations
The knowledge of emergent dynamics and the mechanisms by which self-organizing complex systems operate is a perennially difficult problem that can be effectively resolved by employing an ensemble of coupled dynamical units as a framework. Several intriguing collective dynamical behaviors, such as synchronization, chimera, clustering, oscillation quenching, etc., have been reported using an ensemble of coupled oscillators. Failure or degradation in the performance of even one of the local oscillators in a network of oscillators can lead to cascading failures resulting in the collapse of the entire network such as power blackouts. Similar dynamics can also be observed among neuronal …
Striking At The Root: A Categorization Of Dns Clients, Tyler Dean
Striking At The Root: A Categorization Of Dns Clients, Tyler Dean
Theses and Dissertations
The Domain Name System (DNS) root servers have provided a useful look into the DNS and internet ecosystems for decades. We present a categorization of clients querying DNS root servers. Using two clustering algorithms on DNS traffic sampled in 2020, we can predict the structure and volume of queries originating from different types of clients. Previous research has used unsupervised techniques to better understand DNS traffic patterns, but none have, to our knowledge, considered clients beyond those driven by queries from end users. By performing clustering on IP addresses rather than on individual queries, we are able to examine the …
Personalized Driving Using Inverse Reinforcement Learning, Rodrigo J. Gonzalez Salinas
Personalized Driving Using Inverse Reinforcement Learning, Rodrigo J. Gonzalez Salinas
Theses and Dissertations
This thesis introduces an autonomous driving controller designed to replicate individual driving behaviors based on a provided demonstration. The controller employs Inverse Reinforcement Learning (IRL) to formulate the reward function associated with the provided demonstration. IRL is implemented through a dual-feedback loop system. The inner loop utilizes Q-learning, a model-free reinforcement learning technique, to optimize the Hamilton-Jacobi-Bellman (HJB) equation and derive an appropriate control solution. The outer loop leverages this derived control solution to generate parameters for the reward function, which are subsequently integrated into the HJB equation. The ultimate control policy is deduced from the final reward function obtained …
Strong Gelfand Pairs Of Some Finite Groups, Joseph E. Marrow
Strong Gelfand Pairs Of Some Finite Groups, Joseph E. Marrow
Theses and Dissertations
Strong Gelfand pairs describe a relation between a group and a subgroup, using a relation between inner products of their characters. We find all strong Gelfand pairs of the dihedral and dicyclic groups, and several of the sporadic groups. We provide some results for the strong Gelfand pairs of the affine linear groups, in addition to the exceptional classical groups $\mathrm{Sp}_4(q)$ for $q$ a power of $2$.
Information Geometric Approaches To Optimal Experimental Design And Reduced-Order Modeling In Ocean Acoustics, Jay C. Spendlove
Information Geometric Approaches To Optimal Experimental Design And Reduced-Order Modeling In Ocean Acoustics, Jay C. Spendlove
Theses and Dissertations
This thesis demonstrates the application of information geometry to problems in underwater acoustics. Information geometry combines the fields of information theory and differential geometry by interpreting a multiparameter model as a Riemannian manifold in an ambient data space. Information geometry tools are especially powerful in context of problems of experimental design and model selection in ocean acoustics. The application area specifically considered in this research is geoacoustic inversion, where seabed parameter values are inferred from acoustical data. Chapter 2 contains a paper submitted to the Journal of Theoretical and Computational Acoustics, which introduces information geometry tools such as the model …
Documentation Of Norm Negotiation In A Secondary Mathematics Classroom, Michelle R. Bagley
Documentation Of Norm Negotiation In A Secondary Mathematics Classroom, Michelle R. Bagley
Theses and Dissertations
While previous mathematics education research has shown that norms can change in mathematics classrooms, little research has closely documented the struggles, concessions, and compromises involved in the negotiation process. Negotiating norms is a complex process entailing deliberate teacher moves intended to promote norms, often met with misunderstandings or resistance from students. This thesis documented the negotiation process that occurred when a teacher attempted to require conceptual explanations from students who had not previously been accustomed to doing so. I recorded six days of instruction in a 9th grade algebra unit, transcribed the class discussions, and inferred norms "at play" for …
A Scalable Parallel Processing Design For The Data Washing Machine: An Unsupervised Entity Resolution System, Nicholas Kofi Akortia Hagan
A Scalable Parallel Processing Design For The Data Washing Machine: An Unsupervised Entity Resolution System, Nicholas Kofi Akortia Hagan
Theses and Dissertations
Entity Resolution (ER) has been one of the bedrocks in the creation of information systems by ensuring ambiguous entities are identified and resolved by linking. One common design approach of traditional ER systems is to run in single-threaded mode, which makes the system prone to out-of-memory error when processing larger datasets. The Data Washing Machine (DWM) as a proof-of-concept of an unsupervised cluster ER system is indifferent from this common design bottleneck. The original prototype design of the DWM requires shared memory tables and dictionaries of tokens, and its single-threaded nature makes it not scalable, hence not viable for real-world …
Study On Factors Influencing The Strong Chromatic Index Of Graphs Derived From Path Graphs, Star Graphs, And Cycle Graphs, Vikram St
Theses and Dissertations
Graph coloring is a major research area in Graph Theory that has a rich collection of research articles contributed by mathematicians across the world. This thesis focuses on a specific type of Graph coloring where the edges of a graph are colored by a principle called strong edge-coloring. There have been numerous research articles published on the least number of colors required to define such a coloring for a given graph G. This least number, χ′s (G), is called as the strong chromatic index of a graph G. Though conjectures stated as early as 1989 remain unsolved, there have been …
Design And Implementation Of Truly Random Number Generation Using Memristors For In-Memory Computing, Nick Felker
Design And Implementation Of Truly Random Number Generation Using Memristors For In-Memory Computing, Nick Felker
Theses and Dissertations
This paper proposes a new security module based on non-volatile memory. The module uses a memristor-based true random number generator to generate random numbers which can be used for cryptography. The module is implemented in software using a modified RISC-V instruction set architecture. The paper evaluates the performance of the module using the RISC-V simulator Gem5. The results show that the module can generate random numbers at a rate of 63 microseconds per number, which is faster than the standard C library’s random number generator. The module can also be used to scramble strings of characters and generate hashes of …
Rigorous Verification Of Stability Of Ideal Gas Layers, Damian Anderson
Rigorous Verification Of Stability Of Ideal Gas Layers, Damian Anderson
Theses and Dissertations
In this thesis we develop tools for carrying out computer assisted proof of the stability of traveling wave solutions of the spatially one-dimensional compressible Navier-Stokes equations with an ideal gas equation of state. In particular, we obtain rigorous, tight error bounds on a high-accuracy numerical approximation of the traveling wave profile for parameters corresponding to air, and we obtain rigorous representations in a neighborhood of positive and negative infinity of the solution to the first order ODE associated with linearizing the PDE equations about the traveling wave solution. We also develop supporting tools for rigorous verification of wave stability.
Beta Lactams Anticancer Effect On Human Breast Cancer, Mcf-7 Cell Line, Ailis A. Abalos
Beta Lactams Anticancer Effect On Human Breast Cancer, Mcf-7 Cell Line, Ailis A. Abalos
Theses and Dissertations
Cancer is a disease where abnormal cells replicate uncontrollably in that same region and/or other parts of the body. One in eight women are diagnosed with breast cancer, thus making it the second leading cause of cancer-related deaths in the U.S. Chemotherapy, is the utilization of medicinal compounds (drugs) to treat cancer. While most are nonspecific and target both cancer and healthy cells, more emphasis is on developing drugs with specificity (only target tumor cells) and low toxicity. Interestingly, Beta Lactams (β-lactams) have emerged as a class of compounds that are effective in the treatment of various cancers. The benefits …
Modulating Covalency In A Ni-H-Al Subunit: Synthesis And Characterization Of A Series Of Electronically Differentiating Ni-Al Heterometallics, Aleida Guadalupe Gonzalez
Modulating Covalency In A Ni-H-Al Subunit: Synthesis And Characterization Of A Series Of Electronically Differentiating Ni-Al Heterometallics, Aleida Guadalupe Gonzalez
Theses and Dissertations
Metal hydrides are moieties that are present in a variety of applications as intermediates in catalysis. Despite the vast utilization of metal hydrides, monometallic metal hydride complexes bear limitations in inert-bond activation and functionalization. A strategy to overcome these limitations and access more challenging reactivity is utilizing metal-metal cooperativity on a single platform to further activate hydride moieties. Although incorporating multiple metal centers on a single ligand scaffold has been realized, access to heterometallic hydride-bearing complexes is a greater synthetic challenge. Given the limitations in accessing such systems, the reactivity and electronic structure of heterometallic hydrides are seldom studied. Recently, …
A Deep Dive Into The Conformations Of Fluorine-Substituted Benzoic Acids And Ethanesulfonic Acid And Spectroscopic Characterizations Of Their Hydrogen-Bonded Complexes, Alitza Gianina Gracia
A Deep Dive Into The Conformations Of Fluorine-Substituted Benzoic Acids And Ethanesulfonic Acid And Spectroscopic Characterizations Of Their Hydrogen-Bonded Complexes, Alitza Gianina Gracia
Theses and Dissertations
Microwave spectroscopy is a technique used to study the molecular structures of a wide range of systems. The first part of the thesis focuses on fluorinated benzoic acids and complexes they form through hydrogen bonding to explore the fluorination effect, while the last part shifts to ethanesulfonic acid and its interaction with water. The study of 3,4,5-triflurorbenzoic acid with formic acid offers insight on the proton tunneling process, which is a process that occurs in many chemical and biological processes. Microwave spectroscopy can help provide dynamic information for the better understanding of this fundamental process. Solvation is another topic that …
Conditional Optimal Sets And The Quantization Coefficients For Some Uniform Distributions, Evans Nyanney
Conditional Optimal Sets And The Quantization Coefficients For Some Uniform Distributions, Evans Nyanney
Theses and Dissertations
Bucklew and Wise (1982) established that the quantization dimension of an absolutely continuous probability measure on a Euclidean space equals the Euclidean dimension of the space, and that the quantization coefficient is finite and positive. This thesis explores the variability of quantization coefficients for uniform distributions on various geometric structures, including line segments, circles, and regular polygons. We derive the conditional optimal sets of n-points and calculate the n-th conditional quantization errors for uniform distributions under different conditions. On line segments, we identify optimal point distributions as either equally spaced or geometrically spaced towards fixed end-points. For circles, we analyze …
On The Development Of A Software Pipeline For Automatic Detection Of Transients With The Transient Optical Robotic Observatory Of The South, Alejandro Reyes
On The Development Of A Software Pipeline For Automatic Detection Of Transients With The Transient Optical Robotic Observatory Of The South, Alejandro Reyes
Theses and Dissertations
The Transient Optical Robotic Observatory of the South (TOROS) telescope has the mission to follow up transient events in the southern hemisphere by surveying the visible sky and responding to detection alerts from space and ground based observatories, such as the Fermi Gamma-Ray Telescope, the Swift X-ray Telescope, and the LIGO VIRGO Kagra gravitational wave detectors. In this work we study the automation of various data analysis pipelines and instrumentation control under development for implementation at the TOROS observatory. I present the design of libraries and routines for data organization, archival, and data reduction, as well as a tool to …
Ecological Effects On Greenhouse Gas Emissions In Vegetated Estuarine Soils Of The Lower Laguna Madre, David R. De La Garza
Ecological Effects On Greenhouse Gas Emissions In Vegetated Estuarine Soils Of The Lower Laguna Madre, David R. De La Garza
Theses and Dissertations
Coastal wetlands are important ecosystems that provide numerous ecosystem services including erosion control, habitat for fauna, and carbon sequestration. Notably, coastal wetlands are producers of greenhouse gases (GHGs) but are able to store significant amounts of carbon relative to their surface area. Mangrove forests are amongst the most effective ecosystems for carbon sequestration. Soil emits (GHGs) containing carbon (such as carbon dioxide (CO2) and methane (CH4)), which are produced by organic matter decomposition and soil organic carbon mineralization, and both are an important component of the global carbon cycle. Soil emissions may be affected by a variety of factors including …
Efficient Machine Learning On Scientific Data Using Bayesian Optimization, Rui Xin
Efficient Machine Learning On Scientific Data Using Bayesian Optimization, Rui Xin
Theses and Dissertations
Deep Learning is pivotal in advancing data analysis across various scientific fields, from genomics to materials discovery. Despite its widespread use, efficiently learning from limited data and operating under resource constraints remains a significant challenge, often limiting its full potential in environments where data is scarce or resources are restricted. This dissertation explores Active Learning and Automated Machine Learning (AutoML) powered by Bayesian Optimization to enhance the efficiency of machine learning across multiple disciplines. It focuses on algorithm optimization and data management through three interconnected studies. In the first study, we investigate how data management technique - active learning helps …
Calibration And Use Of The Transparency Tube As An Estimate Of Turbidity: An Analysis Of Factors Controlling Light Attenuation In Estuarine Waters, Makenna Leigh Thompson
Calibration And Use Of The Transparency Tube As An Estimate Of Turbidity: An Analysis Of Factors Controlling Light Attenuation In Estuarine Waters, Makenna Leigh Thompson
Theses and Dissertations
The transparency tube is low-cost, portable, and easy to use to measure the transparency or clarity of the water. Filling the tube with water creates a small-scale water column where water will be slowly drained out of the bottom until the Secchi disk at the bottom of the tube is visible from the top opening, and the depth of the remaining water in the tube is recorded in centimeters. Unlike traditional Secchi disk measurements, the advantage of this instrument is that sampling depth in highly turbid waters is possible with a centimeter scale resolution. Transparency tube measurement, through careful calibrations, …
Preregistration And Registration As A New Method For Transparency Of External Validation In Artificial Intelligence And Machine Learning Applications To Address Overfitting, Underspecification, And Shortcut Learning, Marilyn Elaine Gartley
Preregistration And Registration As A New Method For Transparency Of External Validation In Artificial Intelligence And Machine Learning Applications To Address Overfitting, Underspecification, And Shortcut Learning, Marilyn Elaine Gartley
Theses and Dissertations
Statistics has been defined as the study of how information should be employed to reflect on and give guidance for action in a practical situation involving uncertainty. The essence of uncertainty is that there is more than one possible outcome, and the actual outcome is unknown in advance; it is indeterminate. The goal of statistical methods is inference: namely, statistical inference—reaching conclusions about populations or deriving scientific insights from data which are collected from a representative sample of that population through providing a mathematical understanding of inference, quantifying the degree of support that data offer for assertions of knowledge, as …