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Electronic Theses and Dissertations

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Articles 2911 - 2940 of 3529

Full-Text Articles in Physical Sciences and Mathematics

All-Optical Regeneration For Phase-Shift Keyed Optical Communication Systems, Kevin Croussore Jan 2007

All-Optical Regeneration For Phase-Shift Keyed Optical Communication Systems, Kevin Croussore

Electronic Theses and Dissertations

All-optical signal processing techniques for phase-shift keyed (PSK) systems were developed theoretically and demonstrated experimentally. Nonlinear optical effects in fibers, in particular four-wave mixing (FWM) that occurs via the ultra-fast Kerr nonlinearity, offer a flexible framework within which numerous signal processing functions can be accomplished. This research has focused on the regenerative capabilities of various FWM configurations in the context of processing PSK signals. Phase-preserving amplitude regeneration, phase regeneration, and phase-regenerative wavelength conversion are analyzed and demonstrated experimentally. The single-pump phase-conjugation process was used to regenerate RZ-DPSK pulse amplitudes with different input noise distributions, and the impact on output phase …

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Far-Infrared/Millimeter Wave Source And Component Development For Imaging And Spectroscopy, Todd Du Bosq Jan 2007

Far-Infrared/Millimeter Wave Source And Component Development For Imaging And Spectroscopy, Todd Du Bosq

Electronic Theses and Dissertations

The far-infrared and millimeter wave (FIR/mmW) (wavelength 75 micrometer to 10 mm) portion of the electromagnetic spectrum is fairly underdeveloped technologically, owing to the large amount of atmospheric attenuation in that range. At present, the FIR/mmW region is lacking in compact, high-brightness radiation sources and practical imaging systems. This dissertation focuses on development of two complementary technologies in this area - an active mmW imaging system and high-reflectivity Bragg mirrors for the FIR p-Ge laser. The imaging system uses a vector network analyzer in the frequency range of 90-140 GHz as the radiation source and receiver. Raster scanning is used …

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Categorical Properties Of Lattice-Valued Convergence Spaces, Paul Flores Jan 2007

Categorical Properties Of Lattice-Valued Convergence Spaces, Paul Flores

Electronic Theses and Dissertations

This work can be roughly divided into two parts. Initially, it may be considered a continuation of the very interesting research on the topic of Lattice-Valued Convergence Spaces given by Jager [2001, 2005]. The alternate axioms presented here seem to lead to theorems having proofs more closely related to standard arguments used in Convergence Space theory when the Lattice is L = f0; 1g:Various Subcategories are investigated. One such subconstruct is shown to be isomorphic to the category of Lattice Valued Fuzzy Convergence Spaces defined and studied by Jager [2001]. Our principal category is shown to be a topological universe …

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Rigorous Analysis Of Wave Guiding And Diffractive Integrated Optical Structures, Andrew Greenwell Jan 2007

Rigorous Analysis Of Wave Guiding And Diffractive Integrated Optical Structures, Andrew Greenwell

Electronic Theses and Dissertations

The realization of wavelength scale and sub-wavelength scale fabrication of integrated optical devices has led to a concurrent need for computational design tools that can accurately model electromagnetic phenomena on these length scales. This dissertation describes the physical, analytical, numerical, and software developments utilized for practical implementation of two particular frequency domain design tools: the modal method for multilayer waveguides and one-dimensional lamellar gratings and the Rigorous Coupled Wave Analysis (RCWA) for 1D, 2D, and 3D periodic optical structures and integrated optical devices. These design tools, including some novel numerical and programming extensions developed during the course of this work, …

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Micro-Optic-Spectral-Spatial-Elements (Mosse), Alok Ajay Mehta Jan 2007

Micro-Optic-Spectral-Spatial-Elements (Mosse), Alok Ajay Mehta

Electronic Theses and Dissertations

Over a wide range of applications, optical systems have utilized conventional optics in order to provide the ability to engineer the properties of incident infra-red fields in terms of the transmitted field spectral, spatial, amplitude, phase, and polarization characteristics. These micro/nano-optical elements that provide specific optical functionality can be categorized into subcategories of refractive, diffractive, multi-layer thin film dichroics, 3-D photonic crystals, and polarization gratings. The feasibility of fabrication, functionality, and level of integration which these elements can be used in an optical system differentiate which elements are more compatible with certain systems than others. With enabling technologies emerging allowing …

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A Novel Setup For High-Pressure Raman Spectroscopy Under A Microscope, Thomas Andrew Oakeson Jan 2007

A Novel Setup For High-Pressure Raman Spectroscopy Under A Microscope, Thomas Andrew Oakeson

Electronic Theses and Dissertations

Functional properties of biological molecules and cells are affected by environmental parameters such as temperature and pressure. While Raman spectroscopy provides an intrinsic probe of molecular structural changes, the incorporation of a microscope enables studies of minuscule amounts of biological compounds with spatial resolution on a micron scale. We have developed a novel setup which combines a Raman microscope and a high pressure cell. A micro-capillary made out of fused silica simultaneously serves as the supporting body and the optical window of the pressure cell. The cell has been tested over the pressure range from 0.1 to 4 kbar. Raman …

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Impulse Formulations Of The Euler Equations For Incompressible And Compressible Fluids, Victor David Pareja Jan 2007

Impulse Formulations Of The Euler Equations For Incompressible And Compressible Fluids, Victor David Pareja

Electronic Theses and Dissertations

The purpose of this paper is to consider the impulse formulations of the Euler equations for incompressible and compressible fluids. Different gauges are considered. In particular, the Kuz'min gauge provides an interesting case as it allows the fluid impulse velocity to describe the evolution of material surface elements. This result affords interesting physical interpretations of the Kuz'min invariant. Some exact solutions in the impulse formulation are studied. Finally, generalizations to compressible fluids are considered as an extension of these results. The arrangement of the paper is as follows: in the first chapter we will give a brief explanation on the …

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Analysis Of Mitochondrial Dna Coding Region Snps By Pyrosequencing, Kyle Robert Carl Parker Jan 2007

Analysis Of Mitochondrial Dna Coding Region Snps By Pyrosequencing, Kyle Robert Carl Parker

Electronic Theses and Dissertations

To date, the use of mitochondrial DNA in forensic analysis has relied on the presence of variations in the control region to differentiate between samples. One problem that this analysis has shown is the occurrence of common Haplogroup H haplotypes or identical sequences. Thus, there is a need to enhance the distinguishing power of this type of analysis. One option has been to investigate the mitochondrial coding region for polymorphisms that could differentiate between samples with identical control region haplotypes. The goal of this study has been to identify polymorphic coding region sites for development in a Pyrosequencing assay that …

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Effects Of Polarization And Coherence On The Propagation And The Detection Of Stochastic Electromagnetic Beams, Mohamed Fouad Salem Jan 2007

Effects Of Polarization And Coherence On The Propagation And The Detection Of Stochastic Electromagnetic Beams, Mohamed Fouad Salem

Electronic Theses and Dissertations

Most of the physically realizable optical sources are radiating in a random manner given the random nature of the radiation of a large number of atoms that constitute the source. Besides, a lot of natural and synthetic materials are fluctuating randomly. Hence, the optical fields that one encounters, in most of the applications are fluctuating and must be treated using random or stochastic functions. Within the framework of the scalar-coherence theory, one can describe changes of the properties of any stochastic field such as the spectral density and the spectral degree of coherence on propagation in any linear medium, deterministic …

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Experimental Study Of Profiles Of Implanted Species Into Semiconductor Materials Using Secondary Ion Mass Spectrometry, Fatma Salman Jan 2007

Experimental Study Of Profiles Of Implanted Species Into Semiconductor Materials Using Secondary Ion Mass Spectrometry, Fatma Salman

Electronic Theses and Dissertations

The study of impurity diffusion in semiconductor hosts is an important field that has both fundamental appeal and practical applications. Ion implantation is a good technique to introduce impurities deep into the semiconductor substrates at relatively low temperature and is not limited by the solubility of the dopants in the host. However ion implantation creates defects and damages to the substrate. Annealing process was used to heal these damages and to activate the dopants. In this study, we introduced several species such as alkali metals (Li, Na, K), alkali earth metals (Be, Ca,), transition metals (Ti, V, Cr, Mn) and …

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Forensic Analysis Of C-4 And Commercial Blasting Agents For Possible Discrimination, Katie Steele Jan 2007

Forensic Analysis Of C-4 And Commercial Blasting Agents For Possible Discrimination, Katie Steele

Electronic Theses and Dissertations

The criminal use of explosives has increased in recent years. Political instability and the wide spread access to the internet, filled with "homemade recipes," are two conjectures for the increase. C-4 is a plastic bonded explosive (PBX) comprised of 91% of the high explosive RDX, 1.6% processing oils, 5.3% plasticizer, and 2.1% polyisobutylene (PIB). C-4 is most commonly used for military purposes, but also has found use in commercial industry as well. Current methods for the forensic analysis of C-4 are limited to identification of the explosive; however, recent publications have suggested the plausibility of discrimination between C-4 samples based …

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Nonlinear Optical Properties Of Organic Chromophores Calculated Within Time Dependent Density Functional Theory, Sergio Tafur Jan 2007

Nonlinear Optical Properties Of Organic Chromophores Calculated Within Time Dependent Density Functional Theory, Sergio Tafur

Electronic Theses and Dissertations

Time Dependent Density Functional Theory offers a good accuracy/computational cost ratio among different methods used to predict the electronic structure for molecules of practical interest. The Coupled Electronic Oscillator (CEO) formalism was recently shown to accurately predict Nonlinear Optical (NLO) properties of organic chromophores when combined with Time Dependent Density Functional Theory. Unfortunately, CEO does not lend itself easily to interpretation of the structure activity relationships of chromophores. On the other hand, the Sum Over States formalism in combination with semiempirical wavefunction methods has been used in the past for the design of simplified essential states models. These models can …

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Three-Dimensional Micron-Scale Metal Photonic Crystals Via Multi-Photon Direct Laser Writing And Electroless Metal Deposition, Amir Tal Jan 2007

Three-Dimensional Micron-Scale Metal Photonic Crystals Via Multi-Photon Direct Laser Writing And Electroless Metal Deposition, Amir Tal

Electronic Theses and Dissertations

Three-dimensional (3D) metal photonic crystals (MPCs) can exhibit interesting electromagnetic properties such as ultra-wide photonic or "plasmonic" band gaps, selectively tailored thermal emission, extrinsically modified absorption, and negative refractive index. Yet, optical-wavelength 3D MPCs remain relatively unexplored due to the challenges posed by their fabrication. This work explores the use of multi-photon direct laser writing (DLW) coupled with electroless metallization as a means for preparing MPCs. Multi-photon DLW was used to prepare polymeric photonic crystal (PC) templates having a targeted micron-scale structure and form. MPCs were then created by metallizing the polymeric PCs via wet-chemical electroless deposition. The electromagnetic properties …

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Analytical Evaluation Of The Fluorescence Characteristics Of Metabolites Of Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons At Room, Liquid Nitrogen And Liquid Helium Temperatures, Keerthika Vatsavai Jan 2007

Analytical Evaluation Of The Fluorescence Characteristics Of Metabolites Of Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons At Room, Liquid Nitrogen And Liquid Helium Temperatures, Keerthika Vatsavai

Electronic Theses and Dissertations

Although environmental monitoring of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAH) is an essential step to prevent human exposure to contaminated sites, it provides little information on the actual human uptake and subsequent risks. To this end, urine analysis of short-term biomarkers such as PAH metabolites fill an important niche. The general approach follows the sequence of urine hydrolysis, sample clean-up and pre-concentration, chromatographic separation and determination. Whereas chromatographic methods are based on well established laboratory techniques, the development of easy-to-use, cost-effective and large sample throughput techniques is becoming increasingly relevant to investigate adverse PAH effects on large human populations. This thesis compares …

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Resource-Constraint And Scalable Data Distribution Management For High Level Architecture, Pankaj Gupta Jan 2007

Resource-Constraint And Scalable Data Distribution Management For High Level Architecture, Pankaj Gupta

Electronic Theses and Dissertations

In this dissertation, we present an efficient algorithm, called P-Pruning algorithm, for data distribution management problem in High Level Architecture. High Level Architecture (HLA) presents a framework for modeling and simulation within the Department of Defense (DoD) and forms the basis of IEEE 1516 standard. The goal of this architecture is to interoperate multiple simulations and facilitate the reuse of simulation components. Data Distribution Management (DDM) is one of the six components in HLA that is responsible for limiting and controlling the data exchanged in a simulation and reducing the processing requirements of federates. DDM is also an important problem …

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Developing Strand Space Based Models And Proving The Correctness Of The Ieee 802.11i Authentication Protocol With Restricted Sec, Zeeshan Furqan Jan 2007

Developing Strand Space Based Models And Proving The Correctness Of The Ieee 802.11i Authentication Protocol With Restricted Sec, Zeeshan Furqan

Electronic Theses and Dissertations

The security objectives enforce the security policy, which defines what is to be protected in a network environment. The violation of these security objectives induces security threats. We introduce an explicit notion of security objectives for a security protocol. This notion should precede the formal verification process. In the absence of such a notion, the security protocol may be proven correct despite the fact that it is not equipped to defend against all potential threats. In order to establish the correctness of security objectives, we present a formal model that provides basis for the formal verification of security protocols. We …

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Augmentation In Visual Reality (Avr), Yunjun Zhang Jan 2007

Augmentation In Visual Reality (Avr), Yunjun Zhang

Electronic Theses and Dissertations

Human eyes, as the organs for sensing light and processing visual information, enable us to see the real world. Though invaluable, they give us no way to "edit" the received visual stream or to "switch" to a different channel. The invention of motion pictures and computer technologies in the last century enables us to add an extra layer of modifications between the real world and our eyes. There are two major approaches to modifications that we consider here, offline augmentation and online augmentation. The movie industry has pushed offline augmentation to an extreme level; audiences can experience visual surprises that …

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Bluetooth-Base Worm Modeling And Simulation, Haiou Xiang Jan 2007

Bluetooth-Base Worm Modeling And Simulation, Haiou Xiang

Electronic Theses and Dissertations

Bluetooth is one of the most popular technologies in the world in the new century. Meanwhile it attracts attackers to develop new worm and malicious code attacking Bluetooth wireless network. So far the growth of mobile malicious code is very fast and they have become a great potential threat to our society. In this thesis, we study Bluetooth worm in Mobile Wireless Network. Firstly we investigate the Bluetooth technology and several previously appeared Bluetooth worms, e.g. "Caribe","Comwar", and we find the infection cycle of a Bluetooth worm. Next, we develop a new simulator, Bluetooth Worm simulator (BTWS), which simulates Bluetooth …

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Remediation Of Heavy Metal Contamination In Sediments: Application Of In Situ Treatment Utilizing Emulsified Liquid Membrane An, Deborah Maxwell Jan 2007

Remediation Of Heavy Metal Contamination In Sediments: Application Of In Situ Treatment Utilizing Emulsified Liquid Membrane An, Deborah Maxwell

Electronic Theses and Dissertations

Heavy metal contamination of soils, sediments and groundwater presents an ongoing source of hazardous and persistent environmental pollution. How best to remediate these contaminants is the impetus of continuing research efforts. Methods include containment, ex situ and in situ techniques. A successful in situ method utilizing a combination of emulsified liquid membranes, ELM, and zero-valent metal, ZVM, and bimetals has demonstrated impressive heavy metal reduction in 100 ppm solutions of Cd, Cu, Ni, Pb, Cr and U. This promising in situ method has been employed by the Industrial Chemistry Laboratory at the University of Central Florida and it has demonstrated …

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Graph Theoretic Modeling: Case Studies In Redundant Arrays Of Independent Disks And Network Defense, Sanjeeb Nanda Jan 2007

Graph Theoretic Modeling: Case Studies In Redundant Arrays Of Independent Disks And Network Defense, Sanjeeb Nanda

Electronic Theses and Dissertations

Graph theoretic modeling has served as an invaluable tool for solving a variety of problems since its introduction in Euler's paper on the Bridges of Königsberg in 1736 . Two amongst them of contemporary interest are the modeling of Redundant Arrays of Inexpensive Disks (RAID), and the identification of network attacks. While the former is vital to the protection and uninterrupted availability of data, the latter is crucial to the integrity of systems comprising networks. Both are of practical importance due to the continuing growth of data and its demand at increasing numbers of geographically distributed locations through the use …

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Extending Distributed Temporal Protocol Logic To A Proof Based Framework For Authentication Protocols, Shahabuddin Muhammad Jan 2007

Extending Distributed Temporal Protocol Logic To A Proof Based Framework For Authentication Protocols, Shahabuddin Muhammad

Electronic Theses and Dissertations

Running critical applications, such as e-commerce, in a distributed environment requires assurance of the identities of the participants communicating with each other. Providing such assurance in a distributed environment is a difficult task. The goal of a security protocol is to overcome the vulnerabilities of a distributed environment by providing a secure way to disseminate critical information into the network. However, designing a security protocol is itself an error-prone process. In addition to employing an authentication protocol, one also needs to make sure that the protocol successfully achieves its authentication goals. The Distributed Temporal Protocol Logic (DTPL) provides a language …

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Mac Layer And Routing Protocols For Wireless Ad Hoc Networks With Asymmetric Links And Performance Evaluation Studies, Guoqiang Wang Jan 2007

Mac Layer And Routing Protocols For Wireless Ad Hoc Networks With Asymmetric Links And Performance Evaluation Studies, Guoqiang Wang

Electronic Theses and Dissertations

In a heterogeneous mobile ad hoc network (MANET), assorted devices with different computation and communication capabilities co-exist. In this thesis, we consider the case when the nodes of a MANET have various degrees of mobility and range, and the communication links are asymmetric. Many routing protocols for ad hoc networks routinely assume that all communication links are symmetric, if node A can hear node B and node B can also hear node A. Most current MAC layer protocols are unable to exploit the asymmetric links present in a network, thus leading to an inefficient overall bandwidth utilization, or, in the …

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Multi-View Geometric Constraints For Human Action Recognition And Tracking, Alexei Gritai Jan 2007

Multi-View Geometric Constraints For Human Action Recognition And Tracking, Alexei Gritai

Electronic Theses and Dissertations

Human actions are the essence of a human life and a natural product of the human mind. Analysis of human activities by a machine has attracted the attention of many researchers. This analysis is very important in a variety of domains including surveillance, video retrieval, human-computer interaction, athlete performance investigation, etc. This dissertation makes three major contributions to automatic analysis of human actions. First, we conjecture that the relationship between body joints of two actors in the same posture can be described by a 3D rigid transformation. This transformation simultaneously captures different poses and various sizes and proportions. As a …

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Singlet Oxygen Generation Using New Fluorene-Based Photosensitizers Under One- And Two-Photon Excitation, Stephen James Andrasik Jan 2007

Singlet Oxygen Generation Using New Fluorene-Based Photosensitizers Under One- And Two-Photon Excitation, Stephen James Andrasik

Electronic Theses and Dissertations

Molecular oxygen in its lowest electronically excited state plays an important roll in the field of chemistry. This excited state is often referred to as singlet oxygen and can be generated in a photosensitized process under one- or two-photon excitation of a photosensitizer. It is particularly useful in the field of photodynamic cancer therapy (PDT) where singlet oxygen formation can be used to destroy cancerous tumors. The use of two-photon activated photosensitizers possesses great potential in the field of PDT since near-IR light is used to activate the sensitizer, resulting in deeper penetration of light into biological tissue, less photobleaching …

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Two-Dimensional Guided Mode Resonant Structures For Spectral Filtering Applications, Sakoolkan Boonruang Jan 2007

Two-Dimensional Guided Mode Resonant Structures For Spectral Filtering Applications, Sakoolkan Boonruang

Electronic Theses and Dissertations

Guided mode resonant (GMR) structures are optical devices that consist of a planar waveguide with a periodic structure either imbedded in or on the surface of the structure. The resonance anomaly in GMR structures has many applications as dielectric mirrors, tunable devices, sensors,and narrow spectral band reflection filters. A desirable response from a resonant grating filter normally includes a nearly 100% narrowband resonant spectral reflection (transmission), and a broad angular acceptance at either normal incidence or an oblique angle of incidence. This dissertation is a detailed study of the unique nature of the resonance anomaly in GMR structures with two-dimensional …

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Discrimination Of Forensic Trace Evidence Using Laser Induced Breakdown Spectroscopy, Candice Bridge Jan 2007

Discrimination Of Forensic Trace Evidence Using Laser Induced Breakdown Spectroscopy, Candice Bridge

Electronic Theses and Dissertations

Elemental analysis in forensic laboratories can be tedious and many trace evidence items are not analyzed to determine their elemental composition. Presently, scanning electron microscopy-energy dispersive x-ray spectroscopy (SEM-EDS) is the primary analytical tool for determining the elemental composition of trace evidence items. However, due to the time it takes to obtain the required vacuum and the limited number of samples that can be analyzed at any one time, SEM-EDS can be impractical for a high volume of evidence items. An alternative instrument that can be used for this type of analysis is laser ablation inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry …

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Raman Spectroscopic Study Of Single Red Blood Cells Infected By The Malaria Parasite Plasmodium Falciparum, William Carter Jan 2007

Raman Spectroscopic Study Of Single Red Blood Cells Infected By The Malaria Parasite Plasmodium Falciparum, William Carter

Electronic Theses and Dissertations

Raman micro-spectroscopy provides a non-destructive probe with potential applications as a diagnostic tool for cellular disorders. This study presents micro-Raman spectra of live erythrocytes infected with a malaria parasite and investigates the potential of this probe to monitor molecular changes which occur during differentiation of the parasite inside the cell. At an excitation wavelength of 633 nm the spectral bands are dominated by hemoglobin vibrations yielding information the on structure and spin state of the heme moiety. It also demonstrates the novel use of silica capillaries as a viable method for studying the erythrocytes in an environment that is much …

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Scanning Fabry-Perot Spectrometer For Terahertz And Gigahertz Spectroscopy Using Dielectric Bragg Mirrors, Justin Cleary Jan 2007

Scanning Fabry-Perot Spectrometer For Terahertz And Gigahertz Spectroscopy Using Dielectric Bragg Mirrors, Justin Cleary

Electronic Theses and Dissertations

A scanning Fabry-Perot transmission filter composed of a pair of dielectric mirrors has been demonstrated at millimeter and sub-millimeter wavelengths. The mirrors are formed by alternating quarter-wave optical thicknesses of silicon and air in the usual Bragg configuration. Detailed theoretical considerations are presented for determining the optimum design including factors that affect achievable finesse. Fundamental loss by lattice and free carrier absorption are considered. High resistivity in the silicon layers was found important for achieving high transmittance and finesse, especially at the longer wavelengths. Also considered are technological factors such as surface roughness, bowing, and misalignment for various proposed manufacturing …

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Two-Photon 3d Optical Data Storage Via Fluorescence Modulation Of Fluorene Dyes By Photochromic Diarylethenes, Claudia Corredor Jan 2007

Two-Photon 3d Optical Data Storage Via Fluorescence Modulation Of Fluorene Dyes By Photochromic Diarylethenes, Claudia Corredor

Electronic Theses and Dissertations

Three-dimensional (3D) optical data storage based on two-photon processes provides highly confined excitation in a recording medium and a mechanism for writing and reading data with less cross talk between multiple memory layers, due to the quadratic dependence of two photon absorption (2PA) on the incident light intensity. The capacity for highly confined excitation and intrinsic 3D resolution affords immense information storage capacity (up to 1012 bits/cm3). Recently, the use of photochromic materials for 3D memory has received intense interest because of several major advantages over current optical systems, including their erasable/rewritable capability, high resolution, and high sensitivity. This work …

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Frequency Distribution Of Pyroxene Types And A Method To Separate The Composition Of Multiple Pyroxenes In A Sample, Jimmy Allen Davis Jan 2007

Frequency Distribution Of Pyroxene Types And A Method To Separate The Composition Of Multiple Pyroxenes In A Sample, Jimmy Allen Davis

Electronic Theses and Dissertations

Determining mafic mineral composition of asteroid bodies is a topic reviewed by M.J. Gaffey et al. (2002). The iterative procedure discussed can be implemented as an algorithm, and such efforts revealed weaknesses that are examined in this work. We seek to illustrate the limits of this method and graphically determine its predictions. There are boundaries in the formulae given where the equations break down. In ranges where mafic mixtures are predicted, a method is illustrated that allows a decoupling of these mixtures into the constituents.

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