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Articles 4051 - 4080 of 4144

Full-Text Articles in Physical Sciences and Mathematics

Beiträge Zur Kenntnis Der Cavernicolen Antroleucosomiden (Diplopoda, Ascospermophora), Ionel Tabacaru Jan 1968

Beiträge Zur Kenntnis Der Cavernicolen Antroleucosomiden (Diplopoda, Ascospermophora), Ionel Tabacaru

International Journal of Speleology

The family of the Antroleucosomidae is known from the Mediterranean region. In this paper the author describes the new genus Dacosoma with the species D. motasi of caves of the southern Carpathians together with two new species of Bulgarosoma, B. Ocellatum n. sp. of the caves of Mount Banat and B. meridionalis of the cave on Rhodope mountains. A new and complete description is also given for Antroleucosoma banaticum Verh. 1899 and B. bureschi Verh. 1926 based on the study of material coming from the type localities.

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Ökologie, Systematik Und Verbreitung Zweier In Norddeutschland Sympatrisch Lebender Bathynella-Arten (Crustacea, Syncarida), Siegfried Husmann Jan 1968

Ökologie, Systematik Und Verbreitung Zweier In Norddeutschland Sympatrisch Lebender Bathynella-Arten (Crustacea, Syncarida), Siegfried Husmann

International Journal of Speleology

The sympatric occurrence of two bathynellids previously considered races of Bathynella natans - natans and stammeri - is evaluated as a natural ecological-genetic experiment. Since no hybrids appear in mixed populations, these forms are proven to be full species: Bathynella natans Vejdovsky and Bathynella stammeri (Jakobi). Besides the form of the mandibles, which until now was the only taxonomically useful diagnostic character in the genus Bathynella, 7 additional, suitably applicable morphological characters have been found (Table 3). The Bathynella biotope investigated is assigned to the “eustygopsammal” subterranean life province (Husmann 1966), which is associated with the “Parastenocaris-Bathynella” …

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Ecological Studies In The Mammoth Cave System Of Kentucky, Thomas C. Barr Jr. Jan 1968

Ecological Studies In The Mammoth Cave System Of Kentucky, Thomas C. Barr Jr.

International Journal of Speleology

The Mammoth Cave system includes more than 175 kilometers of explored passages in Mammoth Cave National Park, Kentucky. Although biologists have explored the caves intermittently since 1822, the inventory of living organisms in the system is still incomplete. The present study lists approximately 200 species of animals, 67 species of algae, 27 species of fungi, and 7 species of twilight-zone bryophytes. The fauna is composed of 22% troglobites, 36% troglophiles, 22% trogloxenes, and 20% accidentals, and includes protozoans, sponges, triclads, nematodes, nematomorphs, rotifers, oligochaetes, gastropods, cladocerans, copepods, ostracods, isopods, amphipods, decapods, pseudoscorpions, opilionids, spiders, mites and ticks, tardigrades, millipedes, centipedes, …

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Etude Du Comportement De L'Homme En Milieu Souterrain (Bilan De Cinq Experimentations), Pierre Saumande Jan 1968

Etude Du Comportement De L'Homme En Milieu Souterrain (Bilan De Cinq Experimentations), Pierre Saumande

International Journal of Speleology

In the course of live specially planned expeditions, the author studied the behaviour of man in the very special environment of caves. He explains the tests employed. The results obtained suggest that the human organism seems able to adapt to this uncommon environment but exhibits lethargy and reduced activity.

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An Analytical Study Of Air Circulation In Caves, Arrigo A. Cigna Jan 1968

An Analytical Study Of Air Circulation In Caves, Arrigo A. Cigna

International Journal of Speleology

The different types of air circulation in caves are classified according to the origin of the circulation, as either static or dynamic. In a cave static causes are: (a) differences between inside and outside air density owing to: (i) air temperature; (ii) relative humidity; (iii) chemical composition; (b) atmospheric pressure variation. Dynamic causes are: (a) moving fluids: (i) inside the cave; (ii) outside the cave. Whenever possible the above mentioned phenomena have been considered from a mathematical point of view in order to obtain equations relating the different quantities involved.

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Sur Une Nouvelle Sous-Espèce De Niphargus Jovanovici Karaman (Crustacea, Amphipoda, Gammaridae) De Dijon, France, François Graf, Milan Straškraba Jan 1968

Sur Une Nouvelle Sous-Espèce De Niphargus Jovanovici Karaman (Crustacea, Amphipoda, Gammaridae) De Dijon, France, François Graf, Milan Straškraba

International Journal of Speleology

The new subspecies, Niphargus jovanovici burgundus n.subsp., is described from a well at Dijon, France. The principal diagnostic characters are given and a comparison with other known subspecies of N. jovanovici is made. Two groups of subspecies in N. jovanovici are distinguished and some critical remarks on probable affinities of N. jovanovici with other species of Niphargus are made.

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Compte-Rendu De La Conférence Internationale De Spéléologie Et De Karstologie D'Istanbul (24 Sept.-14 Oct. 1964), Paul Fenelon Jan 1968

Compte-Rendu De La Conférence Internationale De Spéléologie Et De Karstologie D'Istanbul (24 Sept.-14 Oct. 1964), Paul Fenelon

International Journal of Speleology

Arranged by geologist Dr. Temucin Aygen, the International Conference of Speleology and Karstology at Istanbul, with the participation of about twenty foreign scholars, opened first at Beyazit de Stamboul University. For three days papers and discussions enlivened the sessions, broken by tours around the Bosporus. During the following two weeks the members of the Conference took a field trip across Anatolia, through Ankara, Konya, Mersin, Antalya, Burdur, Izmir, Bursa, and Istanbul. They thus had the opportunity to investigate the principal karstic phenomena of Turkey - the Konya obrouks, travertines of’ Yerkòpru and Antalya, caves of the Mersin region, vauclusian springs …

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A Propos De Troglobies Vivant Dans Les Eaux D'Une Mine De Fer De Lorraine, Jean-Paul Henry, Claude Marvillet Jan 1968

A Propos De Troglobies Vivant Dans Les Eaux D'Une Mine De Fer De Lorraine, Jean-Paul Henry, Claude Marvillet

International Journal of Speleology

Two explorations of the galleries of the Orne-Pauline iron mine at Moyeuvre-Grande (Moselle), made one year apart, resulted in the collection on each occasion of varied and abundant material (5 spp. of peracarid crustaceans and a worm) of aquatic troglobites: 3 spp. of Niphargus, one of which is new to Lorraine (N. kochianus kochianus), 2 spp. of isopods, Asellus cavaticus and Caecosphaeroma burgundum (for which this is the northernmost locality), and finally a local form of Dendrocoelides collini.

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Sur Quelques Collemboles Cavernicoles De Roumanie, Magdalena Gruia Jan 1968

Sur Quelques Collemboles Cavernicoles De Roumanie, Magdalena Gruia

International Journal of Speleology

An important collection of Collembola from Romania contained six species. One of them is new - Onychiurus orghidani n.sp. found in one cave of Oltenia. The presence of Onychiurus boldorii Denis in Romania is reported for the first time, and the discovery of a large number of Beckerella spelaea Ionesco made it possible to place this species in the genus Xenylla. Finally, additions are made to the known geographic distributions of Mesachorutes ojcoviensis Stach and Lepidocyrtus serbicus Denis.

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A Psychrophilic Yeast From Mammoth Cave, Kentucky, David Brashear, Ralph F. Wiseman, Thomas C. Barr Jr. Jan 1967

A Psychrophilic Yeast From Mammoth Cave, Kentucky, David Brashear, Ralph F. Wiseman, Thomas C. Barr Jr.

International Journal of Speleology

Samples collected in Mammoth Cave, Kentucky, revealed the presence of a psychrophilic yeast, tentatively identified as a strain of Candida albicans. The yeast is saprophytic on dead animal tissues and exhibits a pale yellow colour when growing in the cave. In vitro, the yeast grows poorly at 37°C. and well at 130 and 200, but loses its pigmentation. It is non-pathogenic in rabbits but appears to show low-grade parasitism in frogs.

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Neobisium (Roncobisium) Allodentatum N. Sg., N. Sp. De Pseudoscorpion Neobisiidae (Arachnides) Habitant Une Caverne Du Département De Saône-Et-Loire, France, Max Vachon Jan 1967

Neobisium (Roncobisium) Allodentatum N. Sg., N. Sp. De Pseudoscorpion Neobisiidae (Arachnides) Habitant Une Caverne Du Département De Saône-Et-Loire, France, Max Vachon

International Journal of Speleology

Neobisium (Roncobisium) allodentatum, a species inhabiting a cave in Saone-et-Loire, France, belongs to a new subgenus of Neobisium of which the essential characters are the possession of accessory teeth on the chelae (fig. 14) and a relative position of trichobothria eb and esb (fig. 8) recalling that of the species of Roncus. A determination key fixes the position of this new subgenus with respect to the four other known subgenera of Neobisium.

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Die Lampen-Moosflora Der Beatushöhle Und Deren Vergleich Mit Anderen Europäisehen Höhlen, R. Bernasconi Jan 1967

Die Lampen-Moosflora Der Beatushöhle Und Deren Vergleich Mit Anderen Europäisehen Höhlen, R. Bernasconi

International Journal of Speleology

The Bryological flora on the lamps of the St- Beatus Höhle is analysed. A statistic comparison of lampenflora from other 18 European caves shows the composition and the type of this flora is related to the humidity and to the difference in substratum. Ten species can be referred to as typical flora of show caves.

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A New Species Of Gomphonema (Bacillariophyta) From Mammoth Cave, Kentucky, Sam L. Van Landingham Jan 1967

A New Species Of Gomphonema (Bacillariophyta) From Mammoth Cave, Kentucky, Sam L. Van Landingham

International Journal of Speleology

In some materials collected from Mammoth Cave, Kentucky, a diatom was found which could not be identified with any known species. A taxonomic description of Gomphonema hotchkissii nov. spec. is given.

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Mise En Evidence De Substances Fluorescentes Dans Les Organes Jaunes De Caccosphaeroma Burgundum Dollfus, Crustacé Isopode Des Eaux Souterraines, H. Descimon, C. Marvillet Jan 1967

Mise En Evidence De Substances Fluorescentes Dans Les Organes Jaunes De Caccosphaeroma Burgundum Dollfus, Crustacé Isopode Des Eaux Souterraines, H. Descimon, C. Marvillet

International Journal of Speleology

Chromatographic analysis of the yellow organs of the fresh-water Isopod Crustacean Caecosphaeroma burgundum Dollfus revealed, through observation of the chromatograms in ultraviolet light, the occurrence of both absorbing and fluorescent substances. Among the latter, only isoxanthopterin has been identified. The yellow pigment, which probably has a pteridine nucleus, could not be identified as a known compound and will be the object of later investigations.

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Summary Of Results Obtained During A Preliminary Investigation Into The Bacterial And Botanical Flora Of Caves In South Wales, M. Ann Mason-Williams, Kathryn Benson-Evans Jan 1967

Summary Of Results Obtained During A Preliminary Investigation Into The Bacterial And Botanical Flora Of Caves In South Wales, M. Ann Mason-Williams, Kathryn Benson-Evans

International Journal of Speleology

The results of an investigation into the bacterial and botanical flora of South Welsh caves are presented in tabular form. Bacterial counts and species isolated from the caves both from soil and water samples as well as from the air, also the macroscopic plants found in the photic zone are enumerated.

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Bioluminescence In Melosira Varians Ag., George Claus Jan 1967

Bioluminescence In Melosira Varians Ag., George Claus

International Journal of Speleology

Bluish green bioluminescence in a diatom, Melosira varians Ag. growing in an abandoned tin mine in Cornwall was observed. Upon microscopic examination the chloroplasts of the algae were found to be very pale but no other feature was seen which could be correlated with the luminescence.

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Quartzite Karst In Southeastern Venezuela, William B. White, Gene L. Jefferson, Jon F. Haman Jan 1967

Quartzite Karst In Southeastern Venezuela, William B. White, Gene L. Jefferson, Jon F. Haman

International Journal of Speleology

Minor weathering forms on the Roraima Quartzite in the Carrao River Basin of Southeastern Venezuela have the appearance of the karren that form on limestone surfaces in karst terrains. Climatological and chemical evidence indicates that these forms were generated by a solutional mechanism and that this area thus exhibits a minor karst topography on quartzite.

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Répartition Géographique Et Validité De L'Espéce Troglobie Asellus Lusitanicus Frade (Crustacé Asellote), Guy Magniez Jan 1967

Répartition Géographique Et Validité De L'Espéce Troglobie Asellus Lusitanicus Frade (Crustacé Asellote), Guy Magniez

International Journal of Speleology

The troglobitic Asellid Asellus lusitanicus Frade (1938) is now known from three caves of the Serra de Aire (Central Portugal). It seems to be a good eyeless species of the “coxalis” group.

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Sur La Faculté D'Absorption De Substances Colorées Par La Cuticule De Caecosphaeroma Burgundum Dollfus, Crustacé Isopode Des Eaux Souterraines, François Graf, Claude Marvillet Jan 1967

Sur La Faculté D'Absorption De Substances Colorées Par La Cuticule De Caecosphaeroma Burgundum Dollfus, Crustacé Isopode Des Eaux Souterraines, François Graf, Claude Marvillet

International Journal of Speleology

The discovery, in certain subterranean waters, of “pigmented,” brown or black Caecosphaeroma burgundum, led to the systematic study of the action of pigmented substances on these crustaceans. The results of these experiments demonstrate that the colorations thus obtained or observed in nature are due to the agglutination of coloured substances on the surface of the carapace and, in certain cases, to an impregnation of the cuticle itself.

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Les Mycetophilidae (Diptères) Cavernicoles De La Collection Biospeologica (IvE-ViiiE Séries Des «Grottes Visitées»), Anca Burghele-Balacesco Jan 1967

Les Mycetophilidae (Diptères) Cavernicoles De La Collection Biospeologica (IvE-ViiiE Séries Des «Grottes Visitées»), Anca Burghele-Balacesco

International Journal of Speleology

Study of the Mycetophilidae of the Biospeologica collection (Series IV to VIII of “Grottes visitées” was the objective of the present study. Thirty species have been identified, including Exechia peyerimhoffi n. sp. and Rhymosia pseudocretensis n. sp. The cave fauna contains several rare species - Exechia pollicata Edw., E. unguiculata Lundst., and Rhymosia cretensis Lundst. The ovipositors of Exechia coremura Edw. and E. landrocki Lundst. are figured for the first time.

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Documents Pour Servir À La Connaissance De La Laune De Mammifères Des Grottes Du Banat (Roumanie), Alexandrina Negrea, Lazare Botosaneanu, Stefan Negrea Jan 1967

Documents Pour Servir À La Connaissance De La Laune De Mammifères Des Grottes Du Banat (Roumanie), Alexandrina Negrea, Lazare Botosaneanu, Stefan Negrea

International Journal of Speleology

The authors assembled from about 70 caves a rich collection of osteological material and specimens of living or fossil mammals. A list of the caves is given with an enumeration of the identified species for each cave. Under each species the caves which supplied the material are listed. This is followed by an inventory of the osteological material and by observations on the living animals (especially bats). Fifty-three mammal species (fossil and living) were accurately determined (14 carnivores, 6 artiodactyls, 1 lagomorph, 10 rodents, 3 insectivores, and 19 bats).

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Deux Nouveaux Halacariens D'Israël - Limnohalacarus Capernaumi N. Sp. Et Lohmannela Heptapegoni N. Sp., Anelya Petrova Jan 1967

Deux Nouveaux Halacariens D'Israël - Limnohalacarus Capernaumi N. Sp. Et Lohmannela Heptapegoni N. Sp., Anelya Petrova

International Journal of Speleology

Two new species of Halacarinae of a thermal slightly brackish spring near the Tiberiade lake in Israel are reported. Limnohalacaras capernaumi n. sp. has certain characteristics typical of other species of the Genus, but is clearly distinguished by proper elements. Lohmannell heptapegoni n. sp. resembles Lohmannella stammeri Viets, of which it is distinguished by the structure of the dorsal plates, the palp and the morphology of the genital apparatus.

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Underground Solution Canyons In The Central Kentucky Karst, U.S.A., Richard A. Watson Jan 1967

Underground Solution Canyons In The Central Kentucky Karst, U.S.A., Richard A. Watson

International Journal of Speleology

Solution canyons are underground voids 1 to 15 + meters wide, 3 to 45 + meters high, and 30 to 300 + meters long. Floors are stepped, ceilings level. Size increases downstream. Their course is sinuous, with some angularity. They occur parallel to and directly under or slightly offset from the thalwegs of re-entrant valleys tributary to major karst valleys. A section across a re-entrant and underlying solution canyon shows a rough hour-glass shape. Solution canyons are related genetically to solutional vertical shafts, forming where removal of the impermeable sandstone caprock permits the vertical descent of water through jointed limestone. …

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Further Investigations Into Bacterial And Algal Populations Of Caves In South Wales, M. Ann Mason-Williams Jan 1967

Further Investigations Into Bacterial And Algal Populations Of Caves In South Wales, M. Ann Mason-Williams

International Journal of Speleology

Some physical data collected over a period of a year in seven locations of the Ogof Ffynnon Ddu cave system in South Wales are reported, including humidity, air and water temperature, pH of the water, as well as the organic oxygen demand of the water. It is shown that seasonal variations in the physical constant in this particular cave system are not well marked. Algae and bacteria were isolated from the soil samples and from calcareous deposits. A total of 30 algal species, of which 13 belong to the Cyanophyta, 22 to the Chlorophyta, and 7 to the …

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Analyse Du Comportement Alimentaire Du Poisson Cavernicole Aveugle Anoptichthys Gen. Et D'Hybrides F1 (Astyanax X Anoptichthys) Et F2, Georges Thines, Monique Soffie, Erik Vandenbussche Jan 1967

Analyse Du Comportement Alimentaire Du Poisson Cavernicole Aveugle Anoptichthys Gen. Et D'Hybrides F1 (Astyanax X Anoptichthys) Et F2, Georges Thines, Monique Soffie, Erik Vandenbussche

International Journal of Speleology

The feeding behaviour of the blind cave fish Anoptichthys is characterised by two phases, an initial short chemioreceptic one and second one in which the fish explores the bottom systematically for a longer period. The whole process last approximately 30 seconds, both in adults as in youngsters.

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Die Ökologische Stellung Der Höhlen-Und Spaltengewässer Innerhalb Der Subterranaquatilen Lebensbereiche, Siegfried Husmann Jan 1967

Die Ökologische Stellung Der Höhlen-Und Spaltengewässer Innerhalb Der Subterranaquatilen Lebensbereiche, Siegfried Husmann

International Journal of Speleology

Bodies of waters in caves and in crevices of rocks are distinguished from the other subsoil water ecosystems (“eustygon”, “stygorhithron”, “stygopotamon”) under the names “troglostygon” and “petrostygon”. The colonisation of subsoil water biotopes involves a fundamental principle which controls the development of the main biotopes for the stygobiont undergroundwater organisms. According to this ecological rule, which is described in detail and formulated, the several interstitial biotopes (for example “eustygopsammal,” “rhithrostygopsammal,” “potamostygopsephal”) are to be considered as the real biotopes of the stygobiont subsoil water organisms; waters in caves, on the contrary, are secondary biotopes of these animals. Caves which contain …

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Algal Growth Experiments In The Baradla Cave At Aggtelek (Biospeleologica Hungarica Xxi), Erzsebet Kol Jan 1967

Algal Growth Experiments In The Baradla Cave At Aggtelek (Biospeleologica Hungarica Xxi), Erzsebet Kol

International Journal of Speleology

The author kept 108 algal strains (Cyanophyta 53, Chlorophyta 35, Chrysophyta 20), of axenic cultures from the Kol-Algotheca in the Botanical Division of the Hungarian National Sciences Museum in the Baradla Cave, at Aggletek (Hungary) in darkness for 204-420 days under different environmental conditions. The experiments have proven that several algal strains can tolerate well the complete absence of light. Furthermore, that some algal strains show intensive development even under such conditions. These axenic cultures kept in the cave in metal boxes on inorganic medium have shown that the energy source used by these green coloured algae is not …

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Nuevas Citas De Murciélagos Españoles, E. Balcells R. Jan 1966

Nuevas Citas De Murciélagos Españoles, E. Balcells R.

International Journal of Speleology

Short citation on new findings of bats in Spanish caves.

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Materialien Über Die Ökologie Und Biologie Von Sphaeromides Bureschi Strouhal, Angel Angelov Jan 1966

Materialien Über Die Ökologie Und Biologie Von Sphaeromides Bureschi Strouhal, Angel Angelov

International Journal of Speleology

The acquatic cave Isopod Sphaeromides bureschi Strouhal was discovered by I. Buresch in the underground water of two caves in western Stara-Planina. In this paper the author describes a new station, a spring, in the same region and then exposes the results of ecological and biological observations on this species (biotope, temperature, sex-ratio, feeding regime, locomotion).

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Three New Species Of Cymbella From Mammoth Cave, Kentucky, Sam L. Van Landingham Jan 1966

Three New Species Of Cymbella From Mammoth Cave, Kentucky, Sam L. Van Landingham

International Journal of Speleology

During an investigation of the diatom flora of Mammoth Cave, Kentucky three Cymbella species were noted which could not be identified with any yet described forms. This paper contains a taxonomic description of the three new species: Cymbella clausii, Cymbella gerloffii, Cymbella hohnii. A common feature of all three species is the rather broad central area which may have been the result of a special adaptation to the cave environment.

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