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The Growth And Toxicity Of The Florida Red Tide Organism, Gymnodinium Breve, Marion Tilton Doig Iii

USF Tampa Graduate Theses and Dissertations

Mass mortalities of marine organisms in the Gulf of Mexico have been associated with blooms of the unarmored dinoflagellate, Gymnodinium breve. This investigation concerns the factors affecting the growth of G. breve and the properties of a toxin produced by the organism.

A modification of the Flask Test of the Provisional Algal Assay Procedure of the Joint Industry/Government Task Force on Eutrophication was used to determine the response of G. breve to various natural waters and enrichments. The growth-promoting potential of natural waters obtained from areas where outbreaks of G. breve frequently occur was greater than that of waters …

A Field Study Of Selected Ecological Properties Of Boca Ciega Bay And Adjacent Gulf Of Mexico, Geo-Marine, Inc.

Reports

This report describes a quantitative study of selected environmental parameters in a portion of Boca Ciega Bay and in the Gulf of Mexico adjacent to Johns Pass. The investigation included an analysis of hydrography and water quality during the period 14-20 February 1973. The objective of the study was to assess the present marine environment in order to judge the ecological feasibility of discharging tertiary treated sewage effluent into Boca Ciega Cay or secondary treated effluent into the Gulf of Mexico. The discharge would come from the proposed expansion of the South Cross Bayou sewage treatment plant.

Recherches Sur Les Grégarines (Gregarinida: Stenophoridae) Du Diplopode Troglobie Typhloiulus Bureschi Verhoeff En Bulgarie, Vassil Golemansky, Dimitar Taschev

International Journal of Speleology

A study of the parasitic fauna, particularly the Gregarines, found in a troglobitic diplopod Typhloiulus bureschi Verhoeff, one of the Iulidae from Bulgarian caves is presented. Data on morphology and taxonomy of the Eugregarines are included. There is a description of a new species, Stenophora typhloiuli. This species is compared with other species of the genus Stenophora.

A New Cavernicolous Species Of The Pseudoscorpion Genus Roncus L. Koch, 1873 (Neobisiidae, Pseudoscorpiones) From The Balkan Peninsula, Božidar P. M. Ćurčić

International Journal of Speleology

Roncus (Parablothrus) pljakici, a new species of cave living pseudoscorpions, is described from the cave ‘Pecina u selu Vrelo’ on Mt. Stara Planina, East Serbia. The problem of its taxonomic position in the subgenus is discussed. The new species is the first representative of Parablothrus to be found in Serbia. It seems possible that R. (P.) pljakici represents an endemic species, specialized for a cavernicolous way of living. The analogies of this and other species of the subgenus point to some similar phenomena which occur in other genera of Balkan false scorpions (Ćurčić 1972). In all these cases, a …

Le Deuxième Colloque International Sur Les Genres Niphargus Et Gammarus - Lyon, 1973 Compte-Rendu De Travail Pour Niphargus, R. Ginet

International Journal of Speleology

Following the First Colloquium held at Verona in 1969, it was planned to hold at Lyon in July, 1973, the Second International Colloquium dealing with the genus Niphargus and also with the genus Gammarus. As subject matter in discussions dealing with the first of these genera, the meeting was devoted mainly the balancing the various viewpoints (based on the European approach) and initiating a collective study of the systematics of these hypogean Amphipoda. The systematics are currently quite confused. Several modifications of the propositions of the Colloquium at Verona (published in 1972) were discussed. A third Colloquium, with the same …

Considerazioni Sui Carabidi Carvernicoli Ed Engogei Dell'asia Minore (Coleoptera, Carabiae), Augusto Vigna Taglianti

International Journal of Speleology

The cavernicolous and endogeous Coleoptera Carabidae, actually (1972) known from the Anatolian peninsula (here considered together with Armenia, the Caucasus and the mountains of Lebanon), are examined and discussed. They belong to the tribes of Anillini, Trechini (Neotrechus, Aphaenops and Duvalius lines), Pterostichini, Molopini, Sphodrini. The cavernicolous and endogeous Anillini, Pterostichini and Sphodrini from this region have clear relations with the balkanic groups and may be considered as East-Mediterranean faunistic elements. On the contrary, the Trechini of the Neotrechus line are more related to the Caucasian groups, those of the so-called Aphaenops line are endemic of the Caucasus and of …

Feeding Behavior Of The Salamander Gyrinophilus Porphyriticus In Caves, David C. Culver

International Journal of Speleology

The feeding responses of salamander larvae (Gyrinophilus porphyriticus) from caves in the Powell Valley in Virginia were investigated in the laboratory. The larvae locate prey by mechanoreception and capture the prey by a rapid sucking action, much like cave-limited salamanders do. Feeding success is greater with the isopod Asellus recurvatus (about 90 per cent) than with the amphipod Crangonyx antennatus (about 50 per cent), and this largely accounts for the higher frequency of A. recurvatus taken in choice experiments. G. porphyriticus readily ingested the unfamiliar isopod Lirceus usdagalun, but it took four weeks before it was digested …

Les Populations Naturelles De Stanasellus Virei Dollfus (Crustacé Asellote Troglobie), Guy Magniez

International Journal of Speleology

Many cavernicolous and phreatic localities are known for the species Stenasellus virei. Some of these, which harbor a rather abundant population have been studied for several years. The endemic populations from permanent waters of some fossil karstic systems seem to have an abnormal composition. They include especially large individuals (juvenile stages being rare). They differ from the phreatic populations, which exhibit a normal distribution in size groups with a normal percentage of juveniles. These differences in the structure of populations may result from physical differences between the habitat in free waters of caves and in phreatic water, and from …

Beobachtungen An Markierten Und Unmarkierten Köcherfliegen (Trichoptera) In Der Bärenhöhle Im Lonetal (Schwäbischer Jura), Klaus Dobat

International Journal of Speleology

1.The Bärenhöhle, one of the ten caves situated in the episodically water-bearing valley of the Lone (Swabian Jura), serves as summer quarters for the total of ten species of Trichoptera, most of which are Micropterna nycterobia and Stenophylax permistus. 2.Counts carried out in this cave from 1967-1972 and observations of flood and dry-periods of the Lone during the same years make evident that the number of Trichoptera flying into the cave seems to depend in a large measure on the seasonal activity of the creek: a steady flow of water makes the undisturbed development of larvae possible and results …

Ragni Delle Filippine, 1. Un Nuovo Althepus Cavernicolo Dell'isola Di Mindanao (Araneae, Ochyroceratidae), Paolo Marcello Brignoli

International Journal of Speleology

Althepus noonadanae n.sp. is described (female; male unknown; loc. typ.: Latuan Cave, Curuan district, Mindanao, Philippines); it can be distinguished from the other known species by the morphology of the chelicerae and of the female genitalia. It is not related to any of the very few described species. A key for the female Althepus is given.

Redescription Of Centromerus Bulgarianus (Drensky 1931) And Centromerus Lakatnikensis (Drensky 1931), (Araneae, Linyphiidae), Ch. Deltshev

International Journal of Speleology

The type specimens (lectotypes) of Centromerus bulgarianus and C. lakatnikensis, preserved in the collection of the Zoological Institut — BAN, Sofia, are redescribed. The redescription is necessary, because the original description is superficial and the drawings are inexact. Moreover, the male of C. lakatnikensis was unknown.

Xlix Contribution To The Knowledge Of The Amphipoda. On Three Niphargus Species (Fam. Gammaridae) From The Balkans, Gordan S. Karaman

International Journal of Speleology

Three Niphargus species from the Balkans are studied. Niphargus adbiptus, n. sp. is described from Ravanica cave in Serbia. Niphargus stygius ravanicanus S. Kar. 1943 from the same cave (Ravanica) is redescribed. N. valachicus Dobr. Man. 1933, is newly recorded from Bulgaria (Devnja).

Trichoniscidae Della Grotta Di Su Mannau, Sardegna Sub-Occidentale (Crustacea, Isopoda), Roberto Argano

International Journal of Speleology

Description of three eyeless and apigmented new species of Trichoniscidae which have been found in Su Mannau cave in Sardinia. Two of them belong to the genus Catalauniscus Vandel: Catalauniscus hirundinella n.sp. offering few relationships with the spanish species C. espanoli Vandel, and Catalauniscus puddui n.sp. which has also similar features to an iberian form, C. bolivari Arcangeli. The third (Scotoniscus janas n.sp.) belongs to the endemic genus Scotoniscus Racovitza, until now monospecific and represented by a series of subspecies from the Northern Pyrenees, all nearly related to the specific form S. macromelos Racovitza. The discovery of those three …

Fluorescent Dye Determination Of Groundwater Movement And Contamination In Permeable Rock Strata, Charles P. Giammona

International Journal of Speleology

A preliminary inquiry to the extent and boundaries of subterranean waterways within the Mystery Cave System was explored. Rhodamine WT dye in 500 ml quantities was used in fluormetry determinations of surface flow to ground water basins. A Turner Model 111 fluorometer was utilized for detection purposes powered by a portable 12 volt, 220 amp hour battery-inverter system. It was shown that water entered underground passageways through sinkholes or highly creviced limestone/dolomite rock strata and reappeared several kilometres downstream. The outflow appears in the form of “springs”. The possibility exists that contaminated surface water may seep through the soil for …

Breeding And Fecundity In A Subterranean Mysid, Lepidomysis Longipes (Pillai And Mariamma), C. N. Nath

International Journal of Speleology

The hypogean mysid, Lepidomysis longipes has a breeding period extending from December to April with the peak period in March. A secondary breeding period appears in August and September. The females have low fecundity and carry a maximum of nine eggs. Development is delayed due to lack of nourishment in the environment. The mysids breed only once a year.

Aspetti Ecologici Ed Evolutivi Del Popolamento Di Grotte Temperate E Tropicali: Osservazioni Sul Ciclo Biologico Di Alcune Specie Di Ptomaphagus (Coleoptera Catopidae), Valerio Sbordoni, Marina Cobolli-Sbordoni

International Journal of Speleology

Differences between tropical and temperate cave communities are an important topic in the actual biospeleological thinking. Among the most striking differences is the paucity of terrestrial troglobites in tropical caves. This fact may depend on the higher energy input into tropical caves which lessens the selection pressures for energy-economizing troglobite adaptations. Consequently evolutionary rates would be slowed in tropical caves and, in a date group, troglobites would appear later in such caves than in temperate ones with lower energy input. In order to investigate this point the authors studied the degree of adaptation to the cave environment in two species …

Anclote Environmental Project Report 1973, Department Of Marine Science, University Of South Florida

Reports

This report is one in a continuing series on environmental quality in the Anclote estuary near Tarpon Springs, Florida. Much of the base line ecological data now collected will be outlined here and in subsequent works. Full scale power plant operations are scheduled to commence during the summer of 1974 after which time documentation of the nature and degree of environmental impact by the power plant will begin.

Note Sulla Distribuzione Dei Trichoniscidae In Sardegna (Crustacea, Isopoda, Oniscoidea), Roberto Argano, Mauro Rampini

International Journal of Speleology

The study of the biogeography of the eight species of Isopoda Trichoniscidae from Sardegna brings to consider the faunistic relationships happened in the past between the island and the Pyrenees. Two of the species are eutroglophilous and rather widespread; the other six are troglobic and endemic to Sardinia. Five of the latter show strong affinity to Pyrenees forms. A detailed description is given of the distribution of the various species. This distribution makes possible some observations on the history of the fauna of the island.

Un Nouvel Asellide Cavernicole D'Espagne Centrale: Bragaselius Lagari N.Sp. (Crustacea Isopoda Asellota), Jean-Paul Henry, Guy Magniez

International Journal of Speleology

Description of a new, unpigmented and eyeless Asellid, belonging to the Iberian Genus Bragasellus Henry et Magniez, 1968. The new species lives in the underground stream of the Cueva del Tornero (Checa, province of Guadalajara, central Spain).

Feeding Efficiency In The Cave Salamander Haideotriton Wallacei, Stewart B. Peck

International Journal of Speleology

Selection for efficiency in food capture may be a dominant influence in the evolutionary biology of predaceous cave animals. A sample of 8 Haideotriton wallacei from a natural population contained 21 feeding boluses in their digestive tracts. Fourteen of these boluses contained food, demonstrating success in at least 67% of the feeding attempts.

La Colonisation De Quelques Grottes Du Jura Par Niphadobota Alpina Bezzi (Dipt. Tipulidae), M. J. Turquin

International Journal of Speleology

Three new localities of Niphadobota (=Chionea) alpina in the French southern Jura allow the author to state that this insect’s climatic requirements explain the biogeography of the species; the origin of the colonization of caves by this dipteran is considered.

Biotope Et Description De Niphargus Altagahizi N. Sp., Amphipode Gammaridé Souterrain Du Liban, N. Alouf

International Journal of Speleology

Description of a small warm cave situated along the Mediterranean shore; the temperature of water varies from 14 to 19°C. Inhabiting this cave is Niphargus altagahizi, a new species related to orcinus s.l. group. Description of this species and comparison with the other Lebanese species, N. nadarini.

A New Troglohyphantes From Bulgarian Caves (Araneae, Linyphiidae), Ch. Deltshev

International Journal of Speleology

A new species Troglohyphantes drenskii is described, which was collected in the cave “Suchata pestera” near Velingrad, Bulgaria. Troglohyphantes drenskii n.sp. belongs to the group of T. orpheus and is related to T.salax and T.pademontanus.

Sur Un Nouvel Amphipode Souterrain De Bulgarie Niphargus Kochianus Melticensis N. Ssp., Dan Dancau, Stoitze Andreev

International Journal of Speleology

A new subspecies of Amphipode is described, being the first representative of the Niphargus kochianus group in Bulgaria. The new subspecies resembles N. k. tamanini Ruffo, N. k. petrosani Dobr. et Manolache, N. k. labacensis Sket, N. k minor Sket, for the maxille I having one single hair on the internal lobe and a single combed spine on the external lobe. However, it differs neatly from all other subspecies by the length of the nails on the dactyl and by the peculiar form and the chetotaxia of the telson.

Description Du Mâle De Mexistenasellus Parzefalli (Crustacea Isopoda Asellota Cavernicole Du Mexique) Et Observations Sur Cette Espèce, Guy Magniez

International Journal of Speleology

Description of the male of the Mexican cavernicolous Stenasellid Mexistenasellus parzefalli Magniez, 1972, from Huizache Cave, San-Luis Potosi State, Mexico. In the female with a brood pouch, the coxopodit of the maxilliped contains two provisional, oostegit-like plates, whereas the ovigerous female of european Stenasellids have only the inner one. This temporary sexual female character is known in other Isopods, such as the cavernicolous Caecosphaeroma burgundum Dollfus.

Temperature Preference Responses Of Some Aquatic, Cave-Adapted Crustaceans From Central Texas And Northeastern México, William R. Elliott, Robert W. Mitchell

International Journal of Speleology

The temperature preference responses of five species of troglobite crustaceans were studied in a 15°-30°C gradient. Stygonectes hadenoecus, S. russelli and Asellus reddelli had no discernible temperature preferenda. Speocirolana bolivari had a weak preference for 20-30°C. Cirolanides texensis had a pronounced preference for 20-30°C, temperatures much warmer than that of its habitat. The lack of temperature preferenda in three species agrees with the hypothesis that imprisoned troglobites tend to lose responses to those environmental variables which are constant in caves. S. bolivari may retain its temperature selectivity because of a slow rate of cave-adaptation. It is hypothised that C. …

Observations Sur La Faune Aquatique Souterraine De Cuba, L. Botosaneanu

International Journal of Speleology

A short account on some achievements of the cubano-romanian biospeleological expeditions to Cuba in the study of the aquatic subterranean faunas. The following divisions of the aquatic subterranean realm are reviewed together with their most characteristic faunal elements: “guano pools” and rimstone pools in the vadose zone of the caves; underground streams; water table (and other) lakes in the caves; “pozzos” carved in the limestone, and “grietas” which are vertical clefts in the limestone of marine terraces, giving access to fresh- or to brackish water; the interstitial of the marine beaches; the underflow of running waters. At present, thorough biospeleological …

A New Troglobitic Isopod Of The Genus Lirceus (Asellidae) From Southwestern Virginia, With Notes On Its Ecology And Additional Cave Records For The Genus In The Appalachians, John R. Holsinger, Thomas E. Bowman

International Journal of Speleology

Lirceus usdagalun new species, the first known troglobitic species of the genus, is described from three caves in Lee County, Virginia. The potential taxonomic value of the endopod tip of the male second pleopod, heretofore dismissed as a diagnostic character in this genus, is pointed out. Some general ecological data for the new species are presented, and cave records for other populations of Lirceus spp. from the Appalachians are given.

Branchiobdellids (Annelida: Clitellata) From Some Eastern North American Caves, With Descriptions Of New Species Of The Genus Cambarincola, Perry C. Holt

International Journal of Speleology

Branchiobdellids are found as epizoites on crustaceans of the orders Isopoda and Decapoda (cambarine crayfishes) in caves of eastern North America. Species that may be considered as troglobites, since they are not known from epigean waters, appear to be confirmed to truly troglobitic isopods and possibly a few troglobitic crayfishes from Florida and the Tennessee-Kentucky Highland Rim cave belt. The majority of the records of branchiobdellids from caves are of representatives of common epigean forms epizootic un crayfishes. Cross-referenced lists of branchiobdellids, their hosts and cave localities are presented. Some of the new species described are apparently troglobitic or troglophilic, …

The Evolution Of The Eastern North American Isopods Of The Genus Asellus (Crustacea: Asellidae) Part Ii, Laurence E. Fleming

International Journal of Speleology

This paper is the second in the three part series dealing with the evolution of the North American isopods of the genus Asellus. The generic status of Asellus is discussed with emphasis placed on the newly proposed genera of Henry and Magniez (1968). Use is made of comparative anatomical and where feasible statistical methods during this investigation. The first, shorter portion of the study deals with the presentation of evidence supporting the viewpoint that if "Pseudobaicalasellus” is to be considered a valid genus then it must include the members of the Cannulus Group of Steeves (1965). The …